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बजना

A2 verb #3,000 más común 9 min de lectura

बजना

bajna Top 3,000

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos बजना en 30 segundos

Explicación बजना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know 'बजना' (bajnā) in its simplest form: to tell the time and to say a phone or bell is ringing. You will mostly use it in the present continuous tense ('baj raha hai') or the simple past for time ('baje hain'). Think of it as the word for 'ringing'. When your phone makes a sound, it is 'बज रहा है'. When you want to ask for the time, you use the plural form 'baje' as in 'Kitne baje hain?' (What time is it?). It is a very useful word for daily survival because it helps you navigate schedules and respond to alerts. Don't worry about complex grammar yet; just focus on the sound of bells and the hours of the day.

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At the A2 level, you should start distinguishing between 'बजना' (to ring - intransitive) and 'बजाना' (to play/ring something - transitive). You should be able to use 'बजना' in various tenses, including the future ('bajega') and the habitual ('bajti hai'). For example, you can describe your daily routine: 'My alarm rings at 7 AM' (Mera alarm saat baje bajta hai). You also learn that 'baje' is used for all hours except one o'clock ('ek baja hai'). This level is about expanding the contexts from just phones to school bells, doorbells, and simple musical instruments like a drum (dhol) playing at a party.

At the B1 level, you can use 'बजना' in more complex sentence structures, such as using it with 'lagna' (to start doing something). For example, 'The music suddenly started playing' (Sangeet achanak bajne laga). You also begin to understand its use in common phrases and mild idioms. You can describe background sounds in a story, like 'The temple bells were ringing in the distance' (Door kahin mandir ki ghantiyaan baj rahi thi). You are now comfortable with the fact that 'बजना' never takes 'ne' in the past tense, and you can use this knowledge to form correct past-tense narratives about events and schedules.

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At the B2 level, you should be familiar with the metaphorical and idiomatic uses of 'बजना'. The phrase 'Band bajna' (to be in a mess/trouble) is a common colloquialism you should recognize. You can also use 'बजना' to describe more abstract sounds, like 'the ringing in one's ears' or the 'striking' of an idea (though 'strike' is usually 'aana' or 'sujhna', 'bajna' can be used poetically for a 'clarion call'). You can discuss the nuances between 'बजना' and synonyms like 'goonjna' (to echo) or 'jhanjhanana' (to tinkle), choosing the precise word to describe an auditory experience in a written essay or a formal conversation.

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At the C1 level, you use 'बजना' with stylistic flair. You understand its role in classical music contexts—how certain 'Ragas' are meant to 'baj' at certain times of the day. You can use the word in literary descriptions, such as 'The announcement of victory rang throughout the kingdom' (Vijay ka ghoshal pure rajya mein baj utha). You are sensitive to the register of the word, knowing when to use the simple 'बजना' and when to opt for more Sanskritized alternatives like 'dhvanit hona'. Your mastery includes complex compound verbs like 'baj uthna' (to burst into sound) or 'baj nikalna'.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of 'बजना' in all its philosophical and historical dimensions. You can appreciate puns and high-level wordplay involving the word. You might discuss the 'Anahad Naad' (the unstruck sound) in Indian philosophy, which is the ultimate form of 'bajna' without a physical cause. You can navigate the most obscure idioms and use the verb to describe the 'rhythm' of life or the 'ticking' of a historical era. Your usage is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker, utilizing the verb to convey subtle emotional undertones in poetry or complex socio-political commentary.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

बजना en 30 segundos

Bajna is an intransitive verb meaning 'to ring' or 'to sound'.
It is primarily used for bells, phones, clocks, and musical instruments.
In Hindi, it is the standard way to express 'o'clock' (e.g., char baje).
It differs from 'bajana' (to play) because the focus is on the object.

The Hindi verb बजना (bajnā) is a foundational intransitive verb that captures the essence of sound production from inanimate objects. While the English language often requires different verbs for different sounds—a bell 'rings', a clock 'strikes', music 'plays', or a phone 'goes off'—Hindi elegantly bundles these concepts under the umbrella of 'बजना'. At its core, it describes the state of an object emitting a clear, resonant, or musical sound without specifying who is making it happen. It is the sound itself taking center stage.

The Temple Bell: In the spiritual heart of India, the sound of the 'ghanti' (bell) in a temple is described using 'बजना'. When you hear the resonant 'dong', you say ghanti baj rahi hai. This isn't just a sound; it is a call to presence.
The Modern Alert: In the digital age, 'बजना' has seamlessly transitioned to technology. Your smartphone, your alarm clock, and your doorbell all 'baj' when they notify you of an event. It is the primary way to say 'the phone is ringing'.

मंदिर की घंटियाँ सुबह पाँच बजे बजती हैं। (The temple bells ring at five in the morning.)

Beyond physical objects, 'बजना' is used to denote the striking of time. In Hindi, you don't just say 'It is five o'clock'; you often say 'Five have rung' (Paanch baj gaye hain). This reflects an era when town squares and clock towers were the primary timekeepers for the community. The verb implies a sense of completion or a specific point in time being reached. Furthermore, it extends to the world of music. If a song is playing on the radio or a guitar is being strummed in the distance, the sound is 'बजना'. It is important to distinguish this from the transitive form 'बजाना' (bajānā), which means 'to play' (an instrument) or 'to ring' (a bell) actively. 'बजना' is what happens to the instrument; 'बजाना' is what the musician does.

बाहर कोई संगीत बज रहा है। (Some music is playing outside.)

Cultural nuances also play a role. In slang, 'बजना' takes on a darker, more humorous tone. When someone says 'Meri band baj gayi' (My band has been played), they mean they are in deep trouble or have been thoroughly exhausted. It’s a metaphorical 'ringing' that implies a chaotic or noisy situation. This versatility makes 'बजना' one of the most vibrant verbs in the Hindi lexicon, bridging the gap between the sacred sounds of a temple and the frantic ringing of a modern-day notification.

Using बजना (bajnā) correctly requires understanding its conjugation as an intransitive verb. Because it is intransitive, it never takes the 'ne' (ने) particle in the perfective tenses, which is a common relief for Hindi learners! Whether you are talking about the past, present, or future, the subject is always the thing that is making the sound. Let's look at the grammatical structures in detail.

Present Continuous (Is Ringing): To describe something ringing right now, use the root 'बज' + 'रहा/रही/रहे' + 'है/हैं'. For example: Phone baj raha hai (The phone is ringing).
Past Perfective (Rung/Struck): To say something rang or a certain time struck, use 'बजा' (masculine singular), 'बजी' (feminine), or 'बजे' (masculine plural). Note: Hours are always masculine plural. Do baje hain (It is 2 o'clock).

स्कूल की छुट्टी की घंटी बजी और बच्चे बाहर भागे। (The school dismissal bell rang and the children ran out.)

When talking about musical instruments, 'बजना' is used to describe the sound of the instrument itself. If you are at a concert and the drums start, you might say Dhol bajne lage (The drums started playing/ringing). It focuses on the auditory experience of the audience. In future tense, 'बजेगा' (masculine) or 'बजेगी' (feminine) is used. Alarm subah chheh baje bajega (The alarm will ring at six in the morning). Notice how 'baje' is used for the hour and 'bajega' is the verb for the alarm.

क्या आपके कान बज रहे हैं? (Are your ears ringing? - used for tinnitus or the feeling of hearing things.)

Another common construction is the use of 'बजना' with the auxiliary verb 'लगना' (lagna) to mean 'to start ringing'. Achanak se phone bajne laga (Suddenly the phone started ringing). This adds a sense of suddenness or inception to the action. For learners, mastering the distinction between the time-telling 'baje' and the action 'bajna' is the key to sounding like a native speaker. Remember: objects 'baj' (ring), but people 'bajao' (play/ring them).

The word बजना is ubiquitous in Indian daily life, resonating through various social and physical landscapes. To truly understand its usage, one must look at the specific environments where this sound-verb dominates the conversation. From the chaos of a railway station to the serenity of a mountain shrine, 'बजना' is the soundtrack of India.

The Indian Railway Station: Before every announcement, a chime 'bajtā hai'. Passengers constantly ask, "Kitne baje hain?" (What time is it?) to check their train schedules. The station clock is the ultimate authority that 'bajtā hai'.
Religious Spaces: In temples, the 'Shankh' (conch) and 'Ghanti' (bell) are central. You will often hear devotees say, "Aarti ke samay ghanti bajti hai" (The bell rings during the Aarti ceremony).

शादी में ढोल बज रहे थे। (The drums were playing at the wedding.)

In residential areas, the 'doorbell' is a frequent subject. "Koi darwaaze ki ghanti baja raha hai?" (Is someone ringing the doorbell?) Or the response: "Nahin, doorbell nahi baji" (No, the doorbell didn't ring). In schools across India, the 'period bell' is the most anticipated sound. Students wait for the 'bell to ring' (ghanti bajna) to switch classes or go for lunch. Even in the kitchen, the 'whistle' of a pressure cooker is often described as 'seeti bajna'. If the whistle goes off three times, the lentils are done!

प्रेशर कुकर की सीटी बजी क्या? (Did the pressure cooker whistle ring/blow?)

In modern offices, 'बजना' is heard in the context of notifications. "Mere laptop par message ki tone baji" (The message tone rang on my laptop). It is also used in the context of public announcements. If a siren goes off in a factory or during a drill, it is 'siren bajna'. Essentially, anywhere there is a mechanical or percussive sound, 'बजना' is the verb of choice. It connects the traditional sounds of the past with the digital pings of the present.

For English speakers, the most frequent pitfall when using बजना (bajnā) is confusing it with its transitive twin, बजाना (bajānā). This is a classic 'intransitive vs. causative/transitive' error that can change the meaning of your sentence significantly. Let's break down the common errors to ensure your Hindi sounds natural and grammatically sound.

Confusing Bajna and Bajana: Mistake: "Main guitar baj raha hoon." (I am ringing like a guitar). Correct: "Main guitar baja raha hoon." (I am playing the guitar). 'Bajna' is for the instrument; 'Bajana' is for the player.
Incorrect Subject-Verb Agreement with Time: Mistake: "Ek baje hain." (It is 1 o'clock - using plural). Correct: "Ek baja hai." (It is 1 o'clock - singular). Only 'one' is singular; all other hours are plural (Do baje hain, Teen baje hain).

Incorrect: मैं घंटी बज रहा हूँ। (I am ringing.)
Correct: मैं घंटी बजा रहा हूँ। (I am ringing the bell.)

Another common mistake is using 'बजना' for human voices. In English, we might say someone's voice 'rings out', but in Hindi, 'बजना' is strictly for inanimate objects or instruments. If a person is shouting or singing, use 'चिल्लाना' (chillaana) or 'गाना' (gaana). Using 'बजना' for a person makes them sound like a mechanical object or a bell. Furthermore, learners often forget that 'बजना' does not take the 'ne' (ने) particle in the past tense. Even though the sound might seem like an action, the verb is grammatically intransitive. So, it's Ghanti baji, never Ghanti ne baja.

Incorrect: दो बजा है। (It is two o'clock - singular).
Correct: दो बजे हैं। (It is two o'clock - plural).

Lastly, don't confuse 'बजना' with 'बोलना' (bolna - to speak). While a clock might 'tell' the time in English, in Hindi, it 'rings' the time. Similarly, a phone 'speaks' in some poetic English contexts, but in Hindi, it always 'bajtā' has. Avoid over-translating English idioms directly into Hindi; stick to the mechanical nature of 'बजना' for the best results.

While बजना is the most common word for ringing or playing, Hindi offers a rich palette of synonyms and related verbs that describe specific types of sounds. Understanding these nuances will help you move from basic fluency to a more descriptive and poetic level of Hindi.

बजना vs. गूँजना (Gūñjnā): 'बजना' is the act of making the sound. 'गूँजना' means to echo or resound. If a bell rings in a large hall, it 'bajtī' first, and then the sound 'gūñjtā' throughout the room.
बजना vs. झनझनाना (Jhanjhanānā): 'झनझनाना' is specifically for a tinkling, jingling, or metallic vibrating sound. Coins in a pocket or thin glass bangles 'jhanjhanāte' have, whereas a large church bell 'bajtā' has.

पहाड़ों में उसकी आवाज़ गूँज रही थी। (His voice was echoing in the mountains.)

Another alternative is 'खटकना' (khataknā), which refers to a knocking or clicking sound. If someone knocks on the door, it is 'darwāzā khatkhatānā' (transitive) or the sound 'khataknā'. 'बजना' would be inappropriate here because a door doesn't have a resonant, musical ring. For the sound of a whistle, you can use 'सीटी बजना' (sītī bajnā), but for the sound of wind whistling through trees, 'सूँ-सूँ करना' (sūñ-sūñ karnā) is more onomatopoeic. In the context of time, 'बजना' is unique; no other verb can replace it when saying 'It is four o'clock'.

सिक्के जेब में झनझना रहे थे। (The coins were jingling in the pocket.)

In literary Hindi, you might encounter 'ध्वनित होना' (dhvanit honā), which is a formal/academic way of saying 'to be sounded' or 'to resonate'. However, in everyday conversation, sticking to 'बजना' is your best bet. It is the most versatile and understood term across all dialects of Hindi. Whether it's the 'dhap-dhap' of a drum or the 'ting-ting' of a cycle bell, 'बजना' covers it all with simplicity and clarity.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The word 'बजना' is so deeply linked to time because, before digital clocks, people relied on the 'ghanta' (gong) at the village center to know the hour.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /ˈbədʒ.nɑː/

US /ˈbʌdʒ.nɑː/

The stress is on the first syllable 'baj'.

Rima con

सजना (sajnā) तजना (tajnā) भजना (bhajnā) जजना (jajnā) रचना (rachnā - near rhyme) बचना (bachnā - near rhyme) खोजना (khojnā - near rhyme) गजना (gajnā)

Errores comunes

Pronouncing 'aj' like 'age'. It should be a short 'uh' sound.
Making the 'j' too soft. It should be a clear 'j' as in 'juice'.
Shortening the final 'ā'. It must be a long vowel.
Confusing it with 'bhajna' (to worship), which has an aspirated 'bh'.
Over-stressing the 'n' in the middle.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 2/5

The script is simple, and the word is common in literature.

Escritura 3/5

Must remember not to use 'ne' in the past tense.

Expresión oral 2/5

Pronunciation is straightforward for English speakers.

Escucha 2/5

Very easy to identify in daily conversation.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

घंटी फोन समय आवाज़ एक

Aprende después

बजाना सुनाई देना गूँजना चिल्लाना बोलना

Avanzado

शंखनाद ध्वनित प्रतिध्वनि नाद झंकार

Gramática que debes saber

Intransitive Past Tense

घंटी बजी (The bell rang) - No 'ne' used.

Time Plurality

दो बजे हैं (Plural) vs एक बजा है (Singular).

Compound Verbs with Lagna

बजने लगा (Started ringing).

Feminine Noun Agreement

घंटी (F) -> बजी; फोन (M) -> बजा.

Inceptive Aspect

बज उठता है (Suddenly sounds).

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Ejemplos por nivel

फोन बज रहा है।

The phone is ringing.

Present continuous tense.

पाँच बजे हैं।

It is five o'clock.

Plural form 'baje' used for time.

एक बजा है।

It is one o'clock.

Singular form 'baja' used only for one.

घंटी बजी।

The bell rang.

Simple past feminine singular.

क्या स्कूल की घंटी बजी?

Did the school bell ring?

Interrogative past tense.

अलार्म बज रहा है।

The alarm is ringing.

Present continuous.

गाना बज रहा है।

A song is playing.

Note: 'bajna' means playing for the song/device.

अभी कितने बजे हैं?

What time is it now?

Standard phrase for asking time.

मेरा फोन दस बार बजा।

My phone rang ten times.

Past tense, no 'ne' particle.

मंदिर में सुबह घंटी बजती है।

The bell rings in the temple in the morning.

Habitual present tense.

दरवाज़े की घंटी फिर से बजी।

The doorbell rang again.

Feminine subject 'ghanti'.

यह गाना रेडियो पर रोज़ बजता है।

This song plays on the radio every day.

Habitual present.

साढ़े सात बजे स्कूल शुरू होता है।

School starts at 7:30.

Using 'baje' for specific time.

क्या आपके घर में घड़ी बजती है?

Does the clock ring/chime in your house?

Habitual present.

सीटी बजी और खेल शुरू हुआ।

The whistle blew and the game started.

Simple past tense.

कल नौ बजे फिल्म शुरू होगी।

The movie will start at 9 o'clock tomorrow.

Future time reference.

अचानक कमरे में संगीत बजने लगा।

Suddenly, music started playing in the room.

Compound verb 'bajne laga'.

जब मैं पहुँचा, तो चार बज चुके थे।

When I arrived, it was already four o'clock.

Past perfect with time.

उसके कान में अजीब सी आवाज़ें बज रही थीं।

Strange sounds were ringing in his ears.

Metaphorical use for internal sound.

स्टेशन पर घोषणा से पहले एक टोन बजती है।

A tone rings before the announcement at the station.

Habitual present.

क्या तुम जानते हो कि यह वाद्य यंत्र कैसे बजता है?

Do you know how this instrument sounds/is played?

Focus on the instrument's sound.

रात के सन्नाटे में घड़ी की आवाज़ तेज़ बजती है।

In the silence of the night, the clock rings loudly.

Descriptive adverbial use.

अगर अलार्म नहीं बजा, तो मैं सोता रहूँगा।

If the alarm doesn't ring, I will keep sleeping.

Conditional sentence.

शादी के घर में हर समय ढोल बजता रहता है।

In a wedding house, the drum keeps playing all the time.

Continuous habitual state.

उसकी गलती की वजह से सबकी बैंड बज गई।

Everyone got into trouble because of his mistake.

Idiomatic use of 'band bajna'.

दूर कहीं शहनाई बजती सुनाई दे रही थी।

The sound of a shehnai was heard playing far away.

Passive-like construction with 'sunai dena'.

जैसे ही प्रधानमंत्री आए, बिगुल बज उठा।

As soon as the Prime Minister arrived, the bugle sounded.

Intensive verb 'baj uthna'.

क्या यह धुन तुम्हें जानी-पहचानी बजती है?

Does this tune sound familiar to you?

Abstract comparison.

इतिहास के पन्नों में उसकी वीरता का डंका बजता है।

His bravery is famous in the pages of history.

Idiom 'danka bajna' (to be famous).

जब तक बारह नहीं बजते, हम नहीं सोएँगे।

Until it strikes twelve, we won't sleep.

Negative conditional with time.

हवा के झोंकों से खिड़की के शीशे बजने लगे।

The window panes started rattling/clinking due to the wind.

Extended use for rattling sounds.

उसकी बातों में सच्चाई की गूँज बजती है।

The echo of truth rings in his words.

Poetic/Abstract use.

शास्त्रीय संगीत की यह सभा रात भर बजती रही।

This gathering of classical music kept playing all night.

Continuative aspect 'bajti rahi'.

विद्रोह का शंखनाद पूरे देश में बज उठा।

The clarion call of rebellion rang out across the country.

Literary use for starting a movement.

उसके हृदय में करुणा की वीणा बजने लगी।

The lute of compassion began to play in his heart.

Highly metaphorical/Poetic.

समय का पहिया कभी रुकता नहीं, बस बजता रहता है।

The wheel of time never stops, it just keeps ticking/ringing.

Philosophical usage.

उनकी आवाज़ में एक अजीब सा कंपन बजता था।

A strange vibration used to ring in his voice.

Descriptive past habitual.

क्या तुम्हें लगता है कि परिवर्तन की घंटी बज चुकी है?

Do you think the bell of change has already rung?

Metaphorical perfective.

गाँव की चौपाल पर शाम को हुक्का और बातें बजती हैं।

In the evening, the hookah and conversations 'ring' (flow) at the village square.

Colloquial/Metaphorical for atmosphere.

जैसे ही सत्य सामने आया, झूठ का ढोल बजना बंद हो गया।

As soon as the truth came out, the drum of lies stopped beating.

Abstract idiomatic use.

अनाहत नाद वह ध्वनि है जो बिना किसी आघात के बजती है।

Anahad Naad is the sound that rings without any strike.

Spiritual/Philosophical terminology.

उसकी रचनाओं में लोक-संस्कृति का मधुर स्वर बजता है।

The sweet melody of folk culture resonates in his works.

Critical/Literary analysis.

संसद में जब कानून पारित हुआ, तो तालियों की गड़गड़ाहट बज उठी।

When the law was passed in Parliament, a thunder of applause rang out.

Intensive verb for collective sound.

मृत्यु का सन्नाटा ऐसा था कि सुई गिरने की आवाज़ भी बजती।

The silence of death was such that even the sound of a needle dropping would ring.

Hyperbolic literary use.

कवि ने प्रकृति के संगीत को हर पत्ते में बजते हुए देखा।

The poet saw the music of nature ringing in every leaf.

Participial use 'bajte hue'.

राजनीति के इस खेल में कब किसकी बैंड बज जाए, कोई नहीं जानता।

In this game of politics, no one knows when whose 'band will be played' (reputation ruined).

C2 level idiomatic fluidity.

ब्रह्मांड की अनंत शून्यता में भी एक मौन संगीत बजता है।

Even in the infinite void of the universe, a silent music rings.

Metaphysical usage.

इतिहास की प्रतिध्वनि आज भी इन पुराने किलों में बजती है।

The echo of history still rings in these old forts today.

Evocative literary style.

Colocaciones comunes

घंटी बजना

फोन बजना

समय बजना

ढोल बजना

सीटी बजना

तालियाँ बजना

अलार्म बजना

संगीत बजना

दरवाज़ा बजना

बैंड बजना

Frases Comunes

कितने बजे हैं?

— What time is it? This is the standard way to ask the time.

क्षमा करें, क्या आप बता सकते हैं कि कितने बजे हैं?

दो बज रहे हैं।

— It is two o'clock. Used to state the current time.

जल्दी करो, पहले ही दो बज रहे हैं।

घंटी बजते ही

— As soon as the bell rings. Used to describe an immediate action.

घंटी बजते ही बच्चे क्लास से बाहर आ गए।

बजते-बजते

— While ringing or about to ring. Used to describe a state.

चार बजते-बजते हम घर पहुँच गए।

बजने वाला है

— About to ring/strike. Used for upcoming events or time.

पाँच बजने वाला है, हमें निकलना चाहिए।

कान बजना

— Ears ringing. Used for tinnitus or imagining sounds.

मुझे लगता है मेरे कान बज रहे हैं।

नाम का डंका बजना

— To be very famous or influential.

पूरी दुनिया में उसके नाम का डंका बजता है।

बैंड बजना

— To be in a miserable state or in big trouble.

इतने सारे काम देखकर मेरी बैंड बज गई।

सीटी बजना

— A whistle blowing (often a pressure cooker or referee).

कुकर की सीटी बजी, खाना तैयार है।

ढोल बजना

— Celebratory drums playing.

गाँव में आज खुशी के ढोल बज रहे हैं।

Se confunde a menudo con

बजना vs बजाना (bajānā)

This is transitive. You 'bajao' a guitar, but the guitar 'bajta' is.

बजना vs भजना (bhajnā)

This means to chant or worship. It has a heavy 'bh' sound.

बजना vs बचना (bachnā)

This means to escape or be saved. It has a 'ch' sound.

Modismos y expresiones

"बैंड बजना"

— To be ruined, exhausted, or in deep trouble. It implies a state of chaos.

कल की परीक्षा में मेरी बैंड बज गई।

Informal/Slang

"डंका बजना"

— To be extremely famous or to have a great reputation.

खेल की दुनिया में भारत का डंका बज रहा है।

Neutral/Formal

"एक ही राग बजना"

— To keep repeating the same thing over and over again.

वह सुबह से एक ही राग बजा रहा है।

Informal

"कानों में शहनाई बजना"

— To feel very happy, as if hearing wedding music.

नौकरी मिलने की खबर सुनकर उसके कानों में शहनाइयाँ बजने लगीं।

Literary

"गाल बजना"

— To boast or talk nonsense (literally 'to ring the cheeks').

काम करो, सिर्फ गाल मत बजाओ।

Informal/Colloquial

"दिमाग की घंटी बजना"

— To suddenly realize something or to have a warning sign.

उसकी बात सुनकर मेरे दिमाग की घंटी बजी।

Neutral

"खतरे की घंटी बजना"

— To be a sign of approaching danger.

बढ़ता प्रदूषण मानवता के लिए खतरे की घंटी है।

Formal/Journalistic

"अपनी डफली अपना राग"

— Everyone playing their own tune; lack of coordination.

इस टीम में सब अपनी डफली अपना राग बजा रहे हैं।

Idiomatic

"विजय का बिगुल बजना"

— The sounding of the trumpet of victory.

मैदान में हमारी जीत का बिगुल बज गया।

Literary

"झूठ का ढोल बजना"

— Lies being spread loudly or widely.

ज़्यादा दिन तक झूठ का ढोल नहीं बज सकता।

Metaphorical

Fácil de confundir

बजना vs बजाना

Similar spelling and sound.

Bajna is 'to ring' (happens on its own); Bajana is 'to ring/play' (someone does it).

मैं गिटार बजाता हूँ (I play); गिटार बजता है (Guitar sounds).

बजना vs बोलना

Both involve sound.

Bolna is for living beings speaking; Bajna is for objects making sound.

वह बोल रहा है; फोन बज रहा है।

बजना vs गूँजना

Both relate to auditory resonance.

Bajna is the strike/ring; Goonjna is the echo that follows.

घंटी बजी और उसकी आवाज़ गूँजी।

बजना vs झनझनाना

Both describe object sounds.

Bajna is general/clear; Jhanjhanana is specifically tinkling/vibrating.

सिक्के झनझनाते हैं; सायरन बजता है।

बजना vs खटकना

Both involve hitting/sound.

Bajna is resonant/musical; Khatakna is a dull knock or click.

दरवाज़ा खटकता है; घंटी बजती है।

Patrones de oraciones

[Object] बज रहा है।

फोन बज रहा है।

[Number] बजे हैं।

तीन बजे हैं।

[Object] [Time] को बजता है।

अलार्म सात बजे बजता है।

जैसे ही [Event], वैसे ही [Object] बजा।

जैसे ही मैं आया, फोन बजा।

[Object] बजने लगा।

संगीत बजने लगा।

[Person] की बैंड बज गई।

राहुल की बैंड बज गई।

[Abstract Concept] का शंखनाद बज उठा।

क्रांति का शंखनाद बज उठा।

[Object] बजते ही [Consequence].

सायरन बजते ही भगदड़ मच गई।

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

बाजा Musical instrument

वादन The act of playing an instrument (formal)

Verbos

बजाना To play (transitive/causative)

बजवाना To have someone else play/ring something

बज उठना To burst into sound

Adjetivos

बजा हुआ Rung/Played

Relacionado

घंटी (Bell)

संगीत (Music)

समय (Time)

आवाज़ (Sound)

धुन (Tune)

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

Extremely high in daily conversation and time-telling.

Errores comunes

Main guitar baj raha hoon. → Main guitar baja raha hoon.
You are playing the guitar, so use the transitive 'bajana'.
Ek baje hain. → Ek baja hai.
One is singular in Hindi.
Ghanti ne baja. → Ghanti baji.
Bajna is intransitive and doesn't take 'ne'.
Woh baj raha hai. → Woh bol raha hai.
Don't use 'bajna' for people unless it's slang.
Sangeet bajana hai. → Sangeet baj raha hai.
Use 'baj raha hai' if the music is already playing.

Consejos

Gender Agreement

Always match 'बजना' with the gender of the subject. Ghanti (F) -> Baji, Phone (M) -> Baja.

Time Mastery

Mastering 'baje' is the fastest way to become functional in Hindi time-telling.

Temple Etiquette

When you visit a temple, you 'bajao' the bell, and the sound that comes is 'bajna'.

Band Bajna

Use 'Meri band baj gayi' when you have too much homework. It sounds very native!

Contextual Clues

If you hear 'baje' at the end of a sentence, it's almost certainly about time.

Root Usage

Use the root 'baj' with 'ne laga' to describe a sound that just started.

Idiom Usage

Using 'danka bajna' in an essay about India's progress will earn you high marks.

Avoid Ne

Never use 'ne' with bajna. It's a common error for beginners.

Soft 'a'

The 'a' in 'baj' is like the 'u' in 'cup'. Don't make it 'baaj'.

Big Ben

Think of Big Ben to remember 'bajna' for clocks and bells.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Imagine a **B**ell in a **J**ar. When you shake it, it starts to **BAJ**-na. The 'B' is for Bell, 'J' is for the Jingle it makes.

Asociación visual

Visualize a giant clock tower in London (Big Ben). Every time it hits the hour, imagine the word 'BAJ' appearing in the air with each chime.

Word Web

Clock Phone Bell Music Whistle Alarm Drums Time

Desafío

Try to say 'It is 8 o'clock' and 'My phone is ringing' five times fast in Hindi using the word 'bajna'.

Origen de la palabra

Derived from the Sanskrit root 'वाद्य' (vādya), meaning 'to be sounded' or 'musical instrument'. It evolved through Prakrit 'vajja' to the modern Hindi 'baj'.

Significado original: The original Sanskrit sense focused on musical instruments and the act of making them speak or sound.

Indo-Aryan

Contexto cultural

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using 'band bajna' in very formal professional settings as it is quite slangy.

English speakers often use 'play' for music and 'ring' for bells. Hindi uses 'bajna' for both, which can be a mental shortcut once learned.

Song: 'Mere hathon mein nau-nau choodiyan hain' (Bangles 'bajna'). Proverb: 'Thotha chana baje ghana' (Empty vessels make more noise). Movie: 'Band Baaja Baaraat' (Reference to wedding music).

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Telling Time

कितने बजे हैं?
चार बजे हैं।
एक बजा है।
साढ़े तीन बजे।

Phone Usage

फोन बज रहा है।
फोन नहीं बजा।
रिंगटोन बज रही है।
साइलेंट पर है।

Music

गाना बज रहा है।
ढोल बज रहे हैं।
संगीत बजने दो।
कौन सा बाजा है?

School/Office

घंटी बज गई।
लंच की घंटी।
अलार्म बजा।
छुट्टी हो गई।

Trouble (Slang)

बैंड बज गई।
हालत खराब है।
फँस गया।
शामत आ गई।

Inicios de conversación

"क्या आपको सुनाई दिया कि घंटी बजी?"

"आपके फोन में कौन सी रिंगटोन बजती है?"

"आमतौर पर आपका अलार्म कितने बजे बजता है?"

"क्या आप कोई ऐसा वाद्य यंत्र जानते हैं जो बहुत मीठा बजता हो?"

"जब मंदिर की घंटी बजती है, तो आपको कैसा महसूस होता है?"

Temas para diario

आज सुबह जब आपका अलार्म बजा, तो आपके दिमाग में सबसे पहले क्या आया?

किसी ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब किसी चीज़ के बजने से आप डर गए थे।

भारतीय शादियों में बजने वाले संगीत और ढोल के बारे में अपने विचार लिखें।

समय की पाबंदी आपके लिए कितनी महत्वपूर्ण है? क्या आप हमेशा 'बजे' पर पहुँचते हैं?

अगर आपकी ज़िंदगी का एक थीम सांग (Theme Song) होता, तो वह कब बजता?

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

No, 'बजना' is an intransitive verb. Even in the past tense, you say 'घंटी बजी', never 'घंटी ने बजा'.

You say 'डेढ़ बजा है' (Deḍh bajā hai). For 1:30, it is still singular because it is under two.

Only metaphorically or poetically. In normal speech, use 'bolna' or 'goonjna' for voices.

'Baj' is the root. 'Baje' is the plural/past form or used for 'o'clock'.

In slang, 'band bajna' implies being metaphorically beaten or scolded, but not literally hit.

You can say 'संगीत बहुत तेज़ बज रहा है' (Sangeet bahut tez baj raha hai).

No, for birds we use 'chahakna' or 'bolna'.

It means to be famous. It comes from the old tradition of beating a drum (danka) to make announcements.

Usually, we use 'horn bajana' (transitive) or 'horn ki awaaz aana'. 'Horn baj raha hai' is also acceptable.

Hindi treats 'one' as singular and any number greater than one as plural.

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