B2 noun Formel 1 min de lecture

介质

jièzhì /tɕjɛ⁵¹ ʈʂɨ⁵¹/
Practice it

Jie Zhi refers to the physical substance or carrier through which something else moves or is stored.

Mot en 30 secondes

  • A substance that carries waves, energy, or information.
  • Common in physics, computing, and technical contexts.
  • Acts as an intervening physical carrier or environment.

Overview

  1. 1概述：‘介质’（Medium）是一个多学科通用的学术词汇。它的核心含义是‘中间物’，即连接两个端点或使某种现象得以发生的物质基础。没有介质，许多物理现象（如声音）就无法存在。2) 使用模式：在中文里，‘介质’通常作为中心词，前面加上修饰语来界定其具体范畴，如‘传播介质’、‘存储介质’或‘反应介质’。它是一个非常正式的词汇，极少出现在非正式的口语聊天中。3) 常见语境：在物理学中，我们讨论声波在空气、水或固体介质中的传播速度；在计算机科学中，我们讨论硬盘、光盘等数据存储介质；在化学中，它指化学反应发生的溶剂或环境。4) 词义辨析：‘介质’与‘媒介’（Media）经常被混淆。‘介质’更偏向于物理、技术和物质属性，强调‘载体’的物理本质；而‘媒介’则更多用于社会科学、大众传播（如新闻媒介、社交媒介），强调信息的流通渠道和工具。此外，它与‘材料’的区别在于，‘材料’强调构成物体的成分，而‘介质’强调其作为中间传递者的功能。

Exemples

1

光在不同的介质中折射率不同。

academic

The refractive index of light varies in different media.

2

我们需要选择一种可靠的数据存储介质。

formal

We need to choose a reliable data storage medium.

3

空气是声音传播的主要介质。

everyday

Air is the primary medium for sound transmission.

4

这种新型材料可以作为热传递的介质。

academic

This new material can serve as a medium for heat transfer.

Collocations courantes

存储介质 storage medium
传播介质 transmission medium
培养介质 culture medium (biology)

Phrases Courantes

气态介质

gaseous medium

磁介质

magnetic medium

工作介质

working medium

Souvent confondu avec

介质 vs 媒介

Media. Refers to social communication channels or tools, whereas '介质' is physical and technical.

介质 vs 载体

Carrier. A broader term that can include biological or abstract carriers, while '介质' is strictly the substance between two points.

Modèles grammaticaux

在...介质中 作为...的介质 物理/存储/传播 + 介质

How to Use It

Notes d'usage

The word '介质' is highly formal and technical. It is most frequently used in scientific papers, technical manuals, and educational materials. In everyday speech, people might use simpler words like '东西' or '环境' unless they are specifically discussing technology or physics.

Erreurs courantes

A common mistake is using '介质' when referring to social media (社交媒体) or news outlets (新闻媒介). Another error is confusing it with '材料' (material); while a medium is made of material, '介质' emphasizes its role in a process of transmission.

Tips

💡

Use in Technical Specifications

When describing hardware like SSDs or optical drives, always use '存储介质' to sound professional.

⚠️

Avoid in Casual Conversation

Don't use '介质' to describe a middleman in business; use '中间人' or '中介' instead.

🌍

Scientific Education Focus

Chinese students encounter this word early in middle school physics, making it a standard part of the educated vocabulary.

Origine du mot

Derived from modern scientific Chinese terminology, combining '介' (intervene/between) and '质' (matter/substance) to translate the Western scientific concept of 'medium'.

Contexte culturel

In the Chinese education system, '介质' is a key vocabulary word introduced during the study of acoustics and optics in junior high school, symbolizing a student's transition into formal scientific literacy.

Astuce mémo

Think of '介' as 'between' (like in 中介/agent) and '质' as 'substance'. It is the 'substance that stands between' to help things move.

Questions fréquentes

4 questions

通常不可以。在物理和技术语境下用“介质”（如存储介质），在新闻和传播语境下用“媒介”（如大众媒介）。

在物理学定义中，真空通常被视为缺乏介质的状态，尽管光可以在真空中传播。

主要在讨论电脑硬件（存储介质）或解释科学原理（声音传播介质）时使用。

在中文语境下，它通常作为不可数名词或集体名词使用，但在分类时可以说“多种介质”。

Teste-toi

fill blank

声音在固体___中的传播速度通常比在空气中快。

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : a

此处讨论物理波动的传播环境，应使用“介质”。

multiple choice

Which of the following is a 'storage medium'?

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : b

移动硬盘是物理上存储数据的载体，属于存储介质。

sentence building

这种 / 是 / 非常 / 存储 / 介质 / 稳定的

Correct ! Pas tout à fait. Rponse correcte : a

The standard structure is [Subject] + [Adverb] + [Adjective].

Score : /3

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