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B1 adjective #7,500 सबसे आम 3 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

پهناور

शीर्ष 7,500

When we describe something as پهناور (pah-nâ-var), we're talking about its immense size or scope. Think of it as describing a very large area, like a vast desert or an expansive ocean.

It emphasizes the broadness and extensive nature of something, often beyond what one might initially imagine.

When we describe something with great expanse or breadth, like a desert or an ocean, we often use adjectives such as "vast" or "wide." The Persian equivalent for this is "پهناور" (pahnaavar).

It’s a versatile term that can be applied to both physical spaces and abstract concepts. For instance, a "پهناور" desert emphasizes its immense size, while a "پهناور" knowledge base highlights its extensive scope.

Understanding this word allows for more nuanced descriptions, enriching your ability to convey scale and magnitude in Persian. Using "پهناور" adds a layer of sophistication to your vocabulary.

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

Learning new vocabulary is great, but knowing how to use it correctly is even better. 'پهناور' (pahnāvar) is a useful adjective, meaning vast or wide. However, learners sometimes make a few common mistakes. Let's break them down so you can avoid them and sound more natural when speaking Persian.

§ Mistake 1: Overusing 'Pahnāvar' for Simple 'Wide'

One of the most frequent errors is using 'پهناور' when a simpler word like 'پهن' (pahn) is more appropriate. While 'پهناور' does mean wide, it carries a sense of immense scale, something very expansive. If you're talking about a regular wide road or a wide river that isn't particularly immense, 'پهن' is usually the better choice.

Incorrect: جاده پهناور (jâde-ye pahnâvar) - A vast road (unless it's an impossibly huge road)
جاده پهن بود. (Jâde pahn bud.)
Hint: The road was wide.
Correct: دشت پهناور (dasht-e pahnâvar) - A vast plain
آنها در دشت پهناور قدم زدند. (Ânhâ dar dasht-e pahnâvar qadam zadand.)
Hint: They walked in the vast plain.

§ Mistake 2: Confusing 'Pahnâvar' with 'Bozorg' (Large/Big)

While something vast is often large, 'پهناور' specifically emphasizes breadth or area, not just general size. 'بزرگ' (bozorg) is the general word for large or big. Don't use 'پهناور' when you simply mean something is big in all dimensions, or tall, or long. It's about how much space it covers across.

DEFINITION: بزرگ (bozorg): Large, big, great.

Incorrect: خانه پهناور (khâne-ye pahnâvar) - A vast house (unless the house is truly gigantic in terms of its footprint on the ground)
خانه بزرگ بود. (Khâne bozorg bud.)
Hint: The house was big.
Correct: اقیانوس پهناور (oqiyânus-e pahnâvar) - A vast ocean
اقیانوس پهناور آبی بود. (Oqiyânus-e pahnâvar âbi bud.)
Hint: The vast ocean was blue.

§ Mistake 3: Incorrect Grammatical Usage

Like other adjectives in Persian, 'پهناور' usually comes after the noun it modifies, connected by the 'ezafe' (کسره) marker. Forgetting this or misplacing the adjective can make your sentence sound unnatural.

Incorrect: پهناور کویر (pahnâvar kavir) - Vast desert (without ezafe)
کویر پهناور ایران. (Kavir-e pahnâvar-e Irân.)
Hint: The vast desert of Iran.
Correct: کویر پهناور (kavir-e pahnâvar) - Vast desert (with ezafe)
آنها از کویر پهناور عبور کردند. (Ânhâ az kavir-e pahnâvar obur kardand.)
Hint: They crossed the vast desert.

§ Mistake 4: Not Using 'Pahnâvar' for Figurative Vastness

'پهناور' isn't just for physical spaces. You can also use it to describe abstract concepts that are expansive or far-reaching, like knowledge or a field of study. Don't limit it only to geography.

Incorrect: دانش زیاد (dânesh-e ziyâd) - Much knowledge (too general)
او دانش پهناوری در این زمینه دارد. (U dânesh-e pahnâvari dar in zamime dârad.)
Hint: He has vast knowledge in this field.
Correct: دانش پهناور (dânesh-e pahnâvar) - Vast knowledge
این یک رشته مطالعاتی پهناور است. (In yek reshte-ye motâle'âti-ye pahnâvar ast.)
Hint: This is a vast field of study.

By being mindful of these common pitfalls, you'll use 'پهناور' more accurately and effectively, making your Persian sound much more natural and sophisticated. Keep practicing, and you'll master it in no time!

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 1/5

Short word, common letters.

लिखना 1/5

Short word, common letters, straightforward spelling.

बोलना 1/5

Clear pronunciation, all sounds are common.

श्रवण 1/5

Distinct sounds, easy to recognize.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

بزرگ (bozorg - big, large) گسترده (gostardeh - extensive, widespread)

आगे सीखें

وسیع (vasi' - wide, spacious) گسترش (gostaresh - expansion, development)

उन्नत

وسعت (vos'at - vastness, extent) بی‌کران (bi-karan - boundless, infinite)

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Adjectives typically come after the noun they modify in Persian. However, with 'پهناور', it can sometimes precede the noun for emphasis, especially in literary contexts, but the most common placement is after.

بیابانِ پهناور (a vast desert) vs. پهناور بیابان (vast desert - less common, more emphatic)

Like many Persian adjectives, 'پهناور' does not change its form for gender or number. It remains the same whether describing a singular or plural, masculine or feminine noun.

دشتِ پهناور (a vast plain), دشت‌هایِ پهناور (vast plains)

'پهناور' can be used with the verb 'بودن' (to be) to describe something as vast or wide. For example, 'این کشور پهناور است' (This country is vast).

این صحرا خیلی پهناور است. (This desert is very vast.)

To create an adverbial phrase meaning 'vastly' or 'widely', you can use 'به صورت پهناور' (in a vast manner) or sometimes just the adjective itself in context, though 'به صورت پهناور' is clearer.

این منطقه به صورت پهناور شناخته شده است. (This region is vastly known.)

When comparing vastness, you can use 'پهناورتر' (vaster/wider) for the comparative and 'پهناورترین' (vastest/widest) for the superlative. The suffix -تر is for comparative and -ترین for superlative.

این رودخانه از آن رودخانه پهناورتر است. (This river is vaster than that river.)

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

کویر لوت یک منطقه پهناور و بی‌آب و علف در جنوب شرقی ایران است.

Lut Desert is a vast and barren region in southeast Iran.

اقیانوس آرام، پهناورترین اقیانوس جهان است که بخش بزرگی از کره زمین را می‌پوشاند.

The Pacific Ocean is the world's widest ocean, covering a large part of the Earth.

او مزرعه‌ای پهناور دارد که در آن گندم و جو می‌کارد.

He has a vast farm where he plants wheat and barley.

آسمان شب، با ستارگان بی‌شمارش، پهناور و رمزآلود به نظر می‌رسد.

The night sky, with its countless stars, appears vast and mysterious.

برای ساخت این پل، به مقدار پهناوری از مصالح نیاز داریم.

To build this bridge, we need a vast amount of materials.

شرکت ما دارای یک شبکه پهناور از مشتریان در سراسر جهان است.

Our company has a wide network of customers around the world.

پارک ملی یلوستون، با طبیعت پهناور و حیات وحش متنوعش، هر ساله گردشگران زیادی را جذب می‌کند.

Yellowstone National Park, with its vast nature and diverse wildlife, attracts many tourists every year.

این شهر دارای یک بازار پهناور است که همه نوع کالا در آن پیدا می‌شود.

This city has a wide market where all kinds of goods can be found.

ایران کشوری پهناور با تاریخی غنی است.

Iran is a vast country with a rich history.

دشت‌های پهناور این منطقه محل زندگی عشایر است.

The vast plains of this region are home to nomads.

اقیانوس آرام پهناورترین اقیانوس جهان است.

The Pacific Ocean is the widest ocean in the world.

این باغ دارای فضای پهناوری برای برگزاری مراسم است.

This garden has a vast space for holding ceremonies.

دانش پهناور او در زمینه ادبیات ستودنی است.

His vast knowledge in literature is commendable.

شبکه اینترنت یک دنیای پهناور از اطلاعات است.

The internet network is a vast world of information.

برای ساخت این پل نیاز به منابع مالی پهناوری است.

Building this bridge requires vast financial resources.

شهر تهران به دلیل وسعت پهناور خود ترافیک زیادی دارد.

Tehran has a lot of traffic due to its vast size.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

Describing expansive natural landscapes like deserts, plains, or oceans.

بیابان پهناور (a vast desert)
دشت‌های پهناور (vast plains)
اقیانوس پهناور (the vast ocean)

Referring to a large area of land, such as a country, region, or estate.

کشور پهناور (a vast country)
سرزمین پهناور (a vast land)
ملک پهناور (a vast estate)

Speaking about the vastness of the sky or the universe.

آسمان پهناور (the vast sky)
کیهان پهناور (the vast universe)

Describing something that is broad or extensive in its scope or reach.

دامنه پهناور (a vast scope)
تأثیر پهناور (a vast influence)

Talking about a wide and open space, like a hall or a stadium.

سالن پهناور (a vast hall)
ورزشگاه پهناور (a vast stadium)

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"What is the most پهناور natural landscape you have ever seen?"

"Do you know of any پهناور historical empires or territories?"

"What do you think about the concept of a پهناور universe?"

"Can you describe a پهناور space you've visited, like a museum or a park?"

"How do people manage such پهناور farms or ranches?"

डायरी विषय

Write about a time you felt small in a پهناور environment.

Describe a place you imagine as پهناور and why.

Reflect on the meaning of 'vast' in both a literal and metaphorical sense.

Imagine you are exploring a پهناور unknown land. What do you see and feel?

Consider how technology has changed our perception of a پهناور world.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

You can use 'pahnavar' to describe something that is vast or wide. For example, 'ایران کشوری پهناور است' (Iran is a vast country) or 'صحراهای پهناور' (vast deserts). It's an adjective, so it comes before the noun it describes.

Both can mean 'big,' but 'pahnavar' specifically emphasizes *vastness* or *width*, like a large open space. 'Bozorg' is more general and can mean big in size, importance, or age. So, a 'پهناور' (pahnavar) desert makes sense, but a 'بزرگ' (bozorg) elephant makes sense too.

While it most commonly refers to physical space like land or oceans, it can sometimes be used metaphorically for things that are extensive or broad in concept. For example, you might hear about 'علم پهناور' (vast knowledge), but it's less common than its physical use.

It's not part of many common idioms, but you'll frequently hear it in descriptions of landscapes or geographical features. Think of phrases like 'اقیانوس پهناور' (vast ocean) or 'دشت پهناور' (vast plain).

A good opposite for 'pahnavar' would be words like 'کوچک' (kuchak - small) or 'تنگ' (tang - narrow, constricted). For instance, 'رودخانه ای تنگ' (a narrow river) compared to a 'رودخانه ای پهناور' (a wide river).

'Pahnavar' is a standard and neutral word. You can use it in both formal and informal contexts. It's a common descriptive adjective in spoken and written Persian.

It's pronounced 'pah-na-var'. The 'a' sounds are like the 'a' in 'father'. The 'v' is like the 'v' in 'van'. Stress is generally on the last syllable, 'var'.

Yes, but less frequently than for physical spaces. You *could* use it for concepts like 'دنیای پهناور اینترنت' (the vast world of the internet) or 'ذهن پهناور او' (his vast mind), but it retains that sense of 'expansiveness' or 'breadth'.

Yes, 'گسترده' (gostardeh) is a very similar word and often interchangeable with 'pahnavar' when referring to something 'widespread' or 'extensive'. 'Pahnavar' might emphasize the physical breadth a bit more, while 'gostardeh' can also imply something spread out or developed broadly.

Some good synonyms for 'pahnavar' include 'گسترده' (gostardeh - widespread, extensive), 'وسیعی' (vasii - vast, extensive), and 'عریض' (ariz - wide, broad). Each has slightly different nuances, but they all convey a similar idea of great extent.

खुद को परखो 24 सवाल

listening A2

The Lut Desert is ...

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: کویر لوت پهناور است.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

listening A2

The Amazon forests are ...

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: جنگل‌های آمازون پهناور هستند.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

listening A2

Our house has a ... yard.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: خانه ما یک حیاط پهناور دارد.

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

speaking A2

Read this aloud:

یک اقیانوس پهناور.

Focus: پَهناوَر

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

speaking A2

Read this aloud:

ما یک باغ پهناور داریم.

Focus: پَهناور

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

speaking A2

Read this aloud:

این دشت خیلی پهناور است.

Focus: دَشت

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब:

fill blank B1

ایران کشوری ___ با تنوع آب و هوایی زیاد است.