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A2 noun #2,000 सबसे आम 7 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

번역

beonyeog
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 번역 means 'translation' and 번역하다 means 'to translate'. You might use it when talking about using a phone app to understand a menu or a sign. Simple sentences like 'I use a translator' (번역기를 사용해요) or 'Please translate this' (이거 번역해 주세요) are perfect for this level. Focus on the connection between the noun and the verb. You don't need to worry about complex grammar; just remember that 번역 is for writing. If you see a word you don't know in a Korean book, you look for a 번역. It is a very useful word for travelers and new learners who rely on tools to communicate. Think of it as your 'bridge' word between languages.
At the A2 level, you should start using 번역 with specific languages using the (으)로 particle. For example, 'Translate into Korean' is 한국어로 번역해요. You should also be able to distinguish between 번역 (the act) and 번역가 (the person/translator). You might describe your hobbies, such as 'I like translating Korean songs' (저는 한국 노래를 번역하는 것을 좋아해요). At this stage, you are moving beyond just using apps and starting to understand that translation is a skill. You can also use the past tense 번역했어요 to talk about work or homework you completed. It's important to start noticing that some translations sound 'natural' (자연스러워요) and some sound 'strange' (이상해요).
At the B1 level, you can discuss the quality and process of 번역. You should be comfortable using the passive form 번역되다 (to be translated) to talk about books, movies, and news articles. For example, 'This movie was translated into many languages.' You can also use more complex sentence structures, like 'I am looking for a job related to translation' (번역과 관련된 일을 찾고 있어요). You should begin to understand the difference between 직역 (literal) and 의역 (liberal) and why one might be better than the other in certain contexts. Your vocabulary should expand to include related terms like 자막 (subtitles) and 원문 (original text). You can express opinions about whether a translation captures the original meaning well.
At the B2 level, 번역 becomes a topic for deeper discussion. You can talk about the challenges of translation, such as cultural nuances, idioms, and honorifics. You might use the word in professional contexts, such as discussing 번역료 (translation fees) or 번역 공증 (notarized translation) for official documents. You can compare different versions of a translated work and debate which one is more faithful to the author's style. You should be able to use the word in complex grammatical constructions, such as 'Even though it was translated, the meaning is still unclear' (번역되었음에도 불구하고 의미가 여전히 불분명해요). You are also expected to know the difference between 번역 and 통역 clearly and use them correctly in all situations.
At the C1 level, you treat 번역 as both an art and a technical field. You can discuss theories of translation, the impact of AI on the translation industry, and the concept of 초월번역 (transcendent translation). You might analyze how a specific 번역가 handled a difficult poetic device or a cultural pun. You are comfortable with academic terms like 가독성 (readability), 충실성 (fidelity), and 현지화 (localization). You can write essays or give presentations on the role of translation in spreading 'Hallyu' (the Korean Wave) globally. Your usage of the word is precise, and you can navigate the subtle differences between 번역, 해석, and 변환 in technical or literary critiques.
At the C2 level, your mastery of 번역 is near-native. You can engage in high-level professional translation or critique. You understand the socio-political implications of translation—how it can shape national identity or influence international relations. You can discuss the 'untranslatable' (번역 불가능성) aspects of the Korean language, such as the deep concept of 'Jeong' (정) or specific emotive adjectives, and how they are navigated in world literature. You might work on 고전 번역 (translation of classics) or legal/medical translation where absolute precision is required. For you, 번역 is not just about changing words, but about the philosophical act of bridging two different worlds of thought and existence.
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

번역 30 सेकंड में

  • 번역 (Beon-yeok) means written translation.
  • It is a noun that becomes a verb with '하다'.
  • Distinguish it from '통역' (spoken interpretation).
  • Commonly used with the particle '(으)로' for target languages.

The Korean word 번역 (Beon-yeok) is a foundational noun that refers to the act, process, or result of converting written text from one language (the source language) into another (the target language). Unlike its counterpart '통역' (tong-yeok), which specifically refers to oral interpretation, 번역 is strictly reserved for the written word. In a globalized world, this term encompasses everything from the translation of ancient scriptures to the localization of modern software and the subtitling of K-Dramas.

Etymological Root
The word is composed of two Hanja characters: 番 (번) meaning 'to change' or 'to turn' and 譯 (역) meaning 'to translate' or 'to interpret'. Together, they signify the 'turning of meaning' from one linguistic vessel to another.
Scope of Usage
It applies to books, documents, legal contracts, subtitles, and digital content. If you are reading a Korean novel in English, you are reading a 번역본 (translated version).
Technical Nuance
In modern contexts, it is often paired with technology, such as 기계 번역 (machine translation) or AI 번역.

"이 소설은 영어로 번역되었습니다."

— Translation: "This novel has been translated into English."

To understand 번역 deeply, one must recognize that it is not merely a word-for-word exchange. It involves cultural mediation. A good 번역 captures the 'feeling' (뉘앙스) and the 'intent' (의도) of the original author. In Korea, the history of translation is long, beginning with the translation of Chinese Buddhist texts into Idu and later into Hangeul after its invention in 1443. Today, the quality of 번역 is a major topic in the Korean literary world, especially as Korean literature gains international acclaim through works like Han Kang's 'The Vegetarian'.

"구글 번역을 사용해서 이메일을 읽었어요."

— Translation: "I read the email using Google Translate."

"번역이 매끄럽지 않아서 이해하기 힘들어요."

— Translation: "The translation isn't smooth, so it's hard to understand."

In professional settings, 번역 is often a collaborative effort. It requires a deep understanding of both the source culture and the target culture. For example, translating Korean honorifics into English is a notorious challenge for any 번역가 (translator). Should '형' (hyeong) be translated as 'brother', 'older brother', or simply by the person's name? These are the decisions that define the art of 번역.

"전문적인 번역 서비스가 필요합니다."

— Translation: "We need a professional translation service."
Common Collocations
- 번역을 맡기다: To commission a translation.
- 번역에 오류가 있다: To have an error in translation.
- 번역기를 돌리다: (Colloquial) To run something through a translator app.

"웹사이트의 한국어 번역이 아주 잘 되어 있네요."

— Translation: "The Korean translation of the website is very well done."

Using the word 번역 correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and how it transforms into a verb. In Korean, most nouns representing an action can be turned into a verb by adding 하다 (to do). Thus, 번역하다 means 'to translate'.

1. As a Noun (번역)

When used as a noun, 번역 often takes the object particle 을/를 or acts as a modifier for other nouns.

  • 번역이 어렵다: The translation is difficult.
  • 번역을 수정하다: To revise a translation.
  • 번역료: Translation fee (번역 + 료/fee).

2. As a Verb (번역하다)

This is the most common way to express the action of translating. It follows the standard -하다 verb conjugation patterns.

Tense/FormKoreanEnglish
Present (Polite)번역해요I translate
Past (Polite)번역했어요I translated
Future (Polite)번역할 거예요I will translate
Honorific번역하세요Please translate

3. Particles for Languages

When specifying the languages involved, use the particle (으)로 to indicate the target language.

  • 한국어로 번역하다: To translate into Korean.
  • 영어로 번역하다: To translate into English.

To specify the source language, you can use 에서 or -로부터.

  • 일본어에서 한국어로 번역하다: To translate from Japanese to Korean.

4. Passive Form (번역되다)

When the focus is on the text being translated, use 번역되다 (to be translated).

"이 책은 20개 국어로 번역되었습니다." (This book has been translated into 20 languages.)

This form is extremely common in literary and academic contexts where the translator might not be the subject of the sentence.

The word 번역 is ubiquitous in modern Korean life, appearing in various professional, academic, and casual settings. Understanding where you'll encounter it helps in grasping its practical application.

1. In Media and Entertainment

If you watch foreign movies in Korea, you will see the credit '번역: [Name]' at the end of the subtitles. In the era of Netflix and YouTube, 자막 번역 (subtitle translation) is a massive industry. Fans often discuss the quality of the translation in online forums, using terms like 오역 (mis-translation).

2. In Technology and Apps

Every smartphone user in Korea is familiar with 번역기 (translation machines/apps). Naver's 'Papago' and 'Google Translate' are the most common. You will see buttons labeled '번역하기' (Translate) on websites, social media posts (like Instagram or Twitter), and document readers.

3. In Academic and Professional Settings

University students often deal with 논문 번역 (thesis/paper translation). In business, 계약서 번역 (contract translation) is a critical task. You might hear a boss say, "이 서류 내일까지 번역해 올 수 있어요?" (Can you have this document translated by tomorrow?).

4. In Literature

Bookstores have sections dedicated to 번역서 (translated books). The prestige of a 번역가 (translator) can sometimes be as high as the author themselves, especially for classic literature or complex philosophical texts.

5. In Travel and Tourism

Menus in tourist areas like Myeong-dong often have 외국어 번역 (foreign language translations). Sometimes these are humorous due to poor machine translation, leading to viral 'translation fails'.

While 번역 seems straightforward, learners often make specific errors in its application. Avoiding these will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

1. Confusing '번역' (Translation) with '통역' (Interpretation)

This is the #1 mistake. 번역 is for written text. 통역 is for spoken words. If you are helping a friend talk to a waiter, you are 통역-ing. If you are helping them read the menu, you are 번역-ing.

2. Misusing Particles with Languages

Learners often say "영어를 한국어에 번역하다". This is incorrect. The correct pattern is [Language] + (으)로.
✅ 영어를 한국어로 번역하다 (Translate English into Korean).

3. Over-reliance on '번역기' (Translators)

While not a linguistic mistake per se, relying on 번역기 often leads to 직역 (literal translation) which sounds awkward. For example, translating "How are you?" literally as "어떻게 당신은 입니까?" is technically a translation, but it's not how Koreans speak.

4. Forgetting the '하다' in Verb Form

In English, 'translate' is a verb. In Korean, 번역 is a noun. You cannot say "내가 번역 이 책". You must use the verb form: "내가 이 책을 번역했다".

5. Using '번역' for Coding/Programming

In English, we 'translate' code. In Korean, while 번역 can be used, the technical term 컴파일 (compile) or 변환 (convert) is often preferred depending on the context.

To truly master 번역, you should understand the words that surround it in the semantic field of language processing.

통역 (Tong-yeok)
Interpretation. The oral conversion of speech.
Example: "동시 통역" (Simultaneous interpretation).
직역 (Jik-yeok)
Literal translation. Translating word-for-word without considering cultural context or natural flow. Often results in 'awkward' Korean.
의역 (Ui-yeok)
Liberal/Free translation. Focusing on the meaning and intent rather than the exact words. This is usually preferred for literature and movies.
오역 (O-yeok)
Mistranslation. An error in translation where the meaning is changed or lost.
로컬라이징 (Localizing)
Localization. A step beyond translation that adapts content (like games or software) for a specific local market, including currency, date formats, and cultural references.
해석 (Hae-seok)
Analysis/Interpretation. While it can mean 'translation' in a classroom setting (e.g., interpreting a sentence), it more broadly means analyzing the meaning of something.

"이 문장은 직역하면 이상하지만, 의역하면 자연스러워요."

— Translation: "This sentence is strange if translated literally, but natural if translated for meaning."

Understanding these distinctions allows you to give better feedback. Instead of just saying "the translation is bad," you can say "there are many 오역" or "it feels too much like 직역."

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

""

अनौपचारिक

""

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

이거 번역해 주세요.

Please translate this.

Noun + 해 주세요 (Please do...)

2

번역기가 있어요?

Do you have a translator?

Noun + 이/가 있어요? (Is there...?)

3

저는 번역을 해요.

I do translation.

Object particle 을/를 + verb 하다

4

영어로 번역해요.

Translate into English.

Language + 로 (Direction/Method)

5

번역이 쉬워요.

The translation is easy.

Adjective conjugation

6

이 책은 번역이에요.

This book is a translation.

Noun + 이에요 (To be)

7

구글 번역을 사용해요.

I use Google Translate.

Verb 사용하다 (to use)

8

번역이 필요해요.

I need a translation.

Adjective 필요하다 (to be needed)

1

한국어 노래를 영어로 번역했어요.

I translated a Korean song into English.

Past tense -았/었어요

2

번역가가 되고 싶어요.

I want to become a translator.

-고 싶어요 (Want to)

3

이 문장을 번역할 수 있어요?

Can you translate this sentence?

-(으)ㄹ 수 있어요? (Can you...?)

4

번역이 조금 이상해요.

The translation is a bit strange.

Adverb 조금 (a little)

5

사전을 보고 번역하세요.

Please translate while looking at a dictionary.

-고 (and/then) + -하세요 (command)

6

이메일을 번역해서 보내 줄게요.

I will translate the email and send it to you.

-아/어서 (Reason/Sequence) + -어 줄게요 (Will do for you)

7

번역기보다 직접 하는 게 좋아요.

Doing it yourself is better than using a translator.

Noun + 보다 (Comparison)

8

어떤 언어로 번역할까요?

Which language shall I translate it into?

-(으)ㄹ까요? (Shall we/I...?)

1

이 소설은 이미 한국어로 번역되었습니다.

This novel has already been translated into Korean.

Passive form 번역되다

2

번역할 때 문맥을 잘 파악해야 해요.

When translating, you must understand the context well.

-(으)ㄹ 때 (When) + -해야 하다 (Must)

3

자막 번역이 아주 자연스럽네요.

The subtitle translation is very natural.

Exclamatory ending -네요

4

전문가에게 번역을 맡기는 게 좋겠어요.

It would be better to leave the translation to an expert.

-는 게 좋겠다 (It would be better to...)

5

번역 과정에서 의미가 변할 수 있습니다.

The meaning can change during the translation process.

Noun + 과정에서 (In the process of)

6

직역보다는 의역이 더 이해하기 쉬워요.

Liberal translation is easier to understand than literal translation.

Comparison -보다

7

이 문서는 번역 공증이 필요합니다.

This document needs a notarized translation.

Professional terminology: 번역 공증

8

번역기를 사용했더니 문장이 어색해졌어요.

I used a translator, and the sentence became awkward.

-더니 (Result of an action)

1

문화적 차이 때문에 번역하기가 까다롭네요.

It's tricky to translate because of cultural differences.

-기(가) 까다롭다 (To be tricky/difficult to do)

2

원문의 느낌을 살려서 번역하려고 노력했어요.

I tried to translate it while preserving the feel of the original text.

-(으)려고 노력하다 (To try to...)

3

이 책은 번역의 질이 아주 높기로 유명합니다.

This book is famous for having a very high quality of translation.

-기로 유명하다 (To be famous for...)

4

번역가는 두 언어의 문화를 모두 잘 알아야 합니다.

A translator must know the cultures of both languages well.

Professional requirement description

5

오역으로 인해 계약에 문제가 생겼습니다.

A problem arose in the contract due to a mistranslation.

-으로 인해 (Due to/Because of)

6

이 단어는 한국어로 번역하기 매우 어렵습니다.

This word is very difficult to translate into Korean.

-기(에) 어렵다 (Difficult to do)

7

최신 AI 기술이 번역의 패러다임을 바꾸고 있어요.

Latest AI technology is changing the paradigm of translation.

Progressive tense -고 있다

8

번역본과 원서를 대조하며 읽어 보세요.

Try reading while comparing the translated version and the original book.

대조하며 (While contrasting/comparing)

1

문학 번역은 단순한 언어 전환 이상의 예술적 작업입니다.

Literary translation is an artistic task that goes beyond simple language conversion.

Abstract definition using '이상의' (more than)

2

그 번역가는 작가의 독특한 문체를 완벽하게 재현해냈습니다.

The translator perfectly reproduced the author's unique writing style.

-아/어 내다 (To successfully complete a difficult task)

3

번역에서의 가독성과 충실성 사이의 균형이 중요합니다.

The balance between readability and fidelity in translation is important.

N + 사이의 균형 (Balance between N)

4

이 시는 번역 불가능한 정서를 담고 있어서 난해합니다.

This poem is difficult because it contains emotions that are untranslatable.

번역 불가능한 (Untranslatable)

5

현지화 전략에 따라 번역의 방향이 달라질 수 있습니다.

The direction of translation can vary depending on the localization strategy.

-에 따라 (Depending on)

6

초월번역 덕분에 원작보다 더 큰 인기를 끌기도 합니다.

Thanks to transcendent translation, it sometimes gains more popularity than the original.

-기도 하다 (Sometimes does/also does)

7

번역가의 주관이 개입되면 원문의 의도가 왜곡될 우려가 있습니다.

If the translator's subjectivity intervenes, there is a risk that the original intent may be distorted.

-(으)ㄹ 우려가 있다 (There is a risk/concern that...)

8

고전 번역은 당시의 시대적 배경에 대한 깊은 이해를 요합니다.

Translating classics requires a deep understanding of the historical background of that time.

요하다 (To require/demand)

1

번역은 타자의 사유를 자국의 언어로 포섭하는 정치적 행위이기도 합니다.

Translation is also a political act of subsuming the thoughts of others into one's own language.

Philosophical definition

2

탈식민주의 관점에서 번역의 역할을 재조명할 필요가 있습니다.

There is a need to re-examine the role of translation from a post-colonial perspective.

Academic discourse: 재조명할 필요가 있다

3

번역가는 원작에 대한 반역자이면서 동시에 구원자라는 역설이 존재합니다.

There is a paradox that a translator is both a traitor and a savior to the original work.

Paradoxical expression: -이면서 동시에

4

기계 번역의 비약적 발전이 인간 번역가의 실존적 위기를 초래하고 있습니다.

The rapid development of machine translation is causing an existential crisis for human translators.

Complex cause and effect: -을/를 초래하고 있다

5

언어 간의 등가성을 찾는 과정은 끝없는 해석의 연속입니다.

The process of finding equivalence between languages is a continuous sequence of interpretation.

Abstract noun usage: 등가성 (equivalence)

6

번역은 단순히 텍스트를 옮기는 것이 아니라 문화를 이식하는 과정입니다.

Translation is not just moving text, but a process of transplanting culture.

A가 아니라 B (Not A but B)

7

원전의 뉘앙스를 훼손하지 않으면서도 가독성을 확보하는 것이 번역의 극의입니다.

The pinnacle of translation is securing readability without damaging the nuances of the original source.

극의 (The ultimate skill/pinnacle)

8

번역을 통해 세계 문학의 지평이 확장되고 상호 이해가 깊어집니다.

Through translation, the horizons of world literature expand and mutual understanding deepens.

Formal concluding statement

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

번역을 맡기다 (Commission a translation)
번역에 오류가 있다 (Have a translation error)
번역기를 돌리다 (Use a translator app)
매끄러운 번역 (Smooth translation)
번역본을 읽다 (Read a translated version)
영어로 번역하다 (Translate into English)
번역료를 지불하다 (Pay translation fees)
전문 번역가 (Professional translator)
자막 번역 (Subtitle translation)
번역이 밀리다 (To be behind on translation work)

सामान्य वाक्यांश

번역해 주세요 (Please translate it)

번역이 잘 됐어요 (The translation is well done)

번역기 사용 금지 (No using translators)

번역 중입니다 (Translating in progress)

번역이 어색해요 (The translation is awkward)

한국어 번역본 (Korean translated version)

번역 아르바이트 (Translation part-time job)

번역 실력 (Translation skill)

번역의 한계 (Limits of translation)

번역 사이트 (Translation website)

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

번역 vs 통역 (Spoken)

번역 vs 해석 (Analysis)

번역 vs 변환 (Technical conversion)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

""

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आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

번역 vs 통역

번역 vs 해석

번역 vs 편역

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

Ambiguity

Sometimes '번역' is used loosely to mean 'understanding', but this is rare.

Professionalism

In professional settings, always specify if it's '전문 번역' (professional translation).

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Using '번역' for oral interpretation.
  • Using the wrong particle (에 instead of 로) for the target language.
  • Forgetting to use '하다' when using it as a verb.
  • Assuming '직역' (literal) is always better than '의역' (liberal).
  • Not considering the honorific level of the target audience.

सुझाव

Read Bilingual Books

Try reading books that have both Korean and English on facing pages to see how '번역' works in practice.

Use Papago

Papago handles Korean honorifics better than most other translation tools.

Translate Lyrics

Translating your favorite K-pop lyrics is a great way to practice '번역'.

Learn Hanja

Knowing that '역' (譯) means translate will help you learn related words like '통역'.

Watch Subtitles

Compare the Korean audio with the English subtitles to spot '의역' (liberal translation).

Certification

There are professional certifications for '번역' in Korea if you want to make it a career.

Don't Trust AI Blindly

Always double-check machine translations for '오역' (mistakes).

Check Particles

Always use '로' for the target language. It's a very common mistake.

Ask for Help

Say '이거 어떻게 번역해요?' to ask how to translate something.

Keep it Natural

A good translation sounds like it was originally written in that language.

याद करें

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Sino-Korean

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Sometimes Konglish words are 'translated' back into English, which can lead to confusion (e.g., 'Service' meaning 'free of charge').

Webtoon translation is a booming field in Korea, requiring translators to understand modern slang and internet culture.

Translating Korean honorifics (Jondaemal) into English is one of the hardest tasks for a translator because English lacks a direct equivalent.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"이 책 번역본으로 읽어봤어요?"

"번역기 어떤 거 쓰세요?"

"한국어 번역이 가장 어려운 점이 뭐예요?"

"자막 없이 영화 보는 게 꿈이에요."

"이 문장 어떻게 번역하면 좋을까요?"

डायरी विषय

오늘 번역기를 사용해서 배운 새로운 단어를 써보세요.

내가 가장 좋아하는 노래 가사를 번역해 보세요.

번역가가 된다면 어떤 책을 가장 먼저 번역하고 싶나요?

AI 번역이 인간을 대신할 수 있을까요?

번역할 때 가장 어려운 한국어 표현은 무엇인가요?

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No, it applies to any written text, including websites, emails, and subtitles.

No, for live speech you must use '통역'.

Naver Papago is generally considered the best for Korean-English translation.

Yes, especially with the global rise of Korean media.

It is called '직역' (jik-yeok).

It means a mistranslation or an error in translation.

Yes, by adding '하다' to make '번역하다'.

You say '[Name] 번역' or '[Name] 옮김'.

Yes, because of honorifics and cultural context.

It refers to Artificial Intelligence translation like DeepL or ChatGPT.

खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

संबंधित सामग्री

संबंधित ग्रामर रूल्स

कोशिश करना और अनुभव (아/어 보다) A2

academic के और शब्द

입체적

B2

Having a three-dimensional effect or examining something from multiple perspectives rather than a single flat view. It implies a comprehensive and detailed analysis.

~에 관해

B1

एक वाक्यांश जिसका अर्थ है 'के बारे में' या 'के संबंध में'। इसका उपयोग औपचारिक संदर्भों में विषय पेश करने के लिए किया जाता है।

~에 대하여

A2

Concerning or regarding a particular subject; about.

~대해

A2

About; concerning; regarding.

~에 관하여

A2

किसी विषय के बारे में या उसके संबंध में। रिपोर्ट या भाषण जैसी औपचारिक स्थितियों में उपयोग किया जाता है।

~에 대해(서)

A1

चर्चा के विषय या मुद्दे को इंगित करता है, जिसका अर्थ है 'के बारे में' या 'के संबंध में'। इसका उपयोग अक्सर बोलने या सोचने जैसी क्रियाओं के साथ किया जाता है।

무엇보다

A2

सब से ऊपर; किसी भी चीज़ से ज़्यादा।

결석생

A2

A student who is absent from class.

추상화하다

B2

To consider something theoretically or separately from its physical reality. It involves extracting general principles from specific examples.

추상

A2

Abstraction; the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.

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