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A2 noun #2,000 सबसे आम 9 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

黄瓜

huángguā शीर्ष 2,000

At the A1 level, '黄瓜' (huángguā) is introduced as a basic vocabulary word for a common vegetable. Students learn to identify it in pictures and use it in very simple 'Subject + Verb + Object' sentences. For example, '这是黄瓜' (This is a cucumber) or '我吃黄瓜' (I eat cucumber). The focus is on recognizing the characters and the pinyin. At this stage, learners should also learn the basic measure word '根' (gēn), though '个' (gè) might be used by beginners. The goal is to build a foundation of food-related nouns to navigate basic shopping or dining scenarios. Students will likely see this word in chapters about colors (since '黄' means yellow) or food. It's a great word to practice the second and first tone combination.

At the A2 level, learners begin to use '黄瓜' in more practical, daily life contexts. This includes shopping at a market and describing the vegetable's qualities. You might say, '我想买两根黄瓜' (I want to buy two cucumbers) or '黄瓜很新鲜' (The cucumber is very fresh). A2 students should be comfortable using '黄瓜' with adjectives like '大' (big), '小' (small), and '绿' (green). They also start to learn common dishes like '黄瓜炒蛋' (stir-fried cucumber with egg). The focus shifts from simple identification to basic interaction, such as asking for the price or expressing a preference for certain vegetables in a meal. Understanding the measure word '根' becomes more important for sounding natural.

At the B1 level, students can describe the process of preparing '黄瓜' and its role in a healthy diet. They learn verbs like '切' (to cut) and '洗' (to wash). A B1 learner might explain a simple recipe: '先把黄瓜洗干净，然后切成片' (First wash the cucumber clean, then cut it into slices). They can also discuss the nutritional benefits, such as its high water content and cooling properties in the summer. At this stage, learners are introduced to the concept of '拍黄瓜' (smashed cucumber) and the cultural practice of eating cold dishes (凉菜) to '清火' (reduce internal heat). The vocabulary becomes more descriptive, using words like '脆' (crunchy) and '清爽' (refreshing).

At the B2 level, '黄瓜' is used in more complex linguistic structures and idiomatic expressions. Students might encounter the metaphor '老黄瓜刷绿漆' (an old cucumber painted green) to describe someone pretending to be younger. They can discuss the history of the cucumber in China, including its Silk Road origins as '胡瓜'. B2 learners should be able to compare '黄瓜' with other gourds like '丝瓜' or '苦瓜' in detail, discussing differences in texture, taste, and culinary use. They can also understand and use '黄瓜' in the context of beauty and skincare, explaining why people use cucumber slices for their eyes. The language becomes more fluid, incorporating resultative complements and complex modifiers.

At the C1 level, '黄瓜' appears in literary, agricultural, or scientific contexts. A C1 learner might read an article about '大棚黄瓜' (greenhouse cucumbers) and the impact of modern farming techniques on crop yields. They can appreciate the nuances of regional names like '青瓜' versus '黄瓜' and the historical reasons behind the name change from '胡瓜'. In literature, they might analyze how a writer uses the image of a cucumber to evoke a sense of rural life or seasonal change. C1 students can engage in sophisticated debates about food security or the globalization of agricultural products, using '黄瓜' as a specific case study. Their command of the word includes all its metaphorical and cultural baggage.

At the C2 level, the word '黄瓜' is mastered in all its dimensions. A C2 speaker can use the word in highly specialized fields, such as botany (discussing the genetics of Cucumis sativus) or high-level culinary arts (discussing the precise '拍' technique to maximize flavor absorption). They can interpret classical texts or puns that might involve '瓜' and understand the deep cultural significance of gourds in Chinese mythology and folk art. At this level, '黄瓜' is no longer just a vocabulary word but a small part of a vast, interconnected web of cultural and linguistic knowledge. The speaker can switch effortlessly between formal botanical terms and earthy, colloquial idioms involving the vegetable.

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

黄瓜 30 सेकंड में

Common green vegetable known for its crunch and high water content.
Essential ingredient in Chinese cold dishes and stir-fries.
Name literally means 'yellow melon' due to its ripe color.
Culturally associated with summer, hydration, and 'cooling' the body.

The term 黄瓜 (huángguā) refers to the cucumber, a widely cultivated creeping vine plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. While we typically see them as green in supermarkets, the name literally translates to 'yellow melon' or 'yellow gourd.' This nomenclature is rooted in botanical history; when a cucumber reaches full physiological maturity, its skin turns a distinct yellow and becomes quite bitter. In modern culinary contexts, however, they are harvested while young, succulent, and green. This vegetable is a cornerstone of global diets, prized for its high water content and refreshing crunch.

Botanical Classification: Cucumis sativus, belonging to the same family as melons, pumpkins, and squashes.
Visual Characteristics: Cylindrical shape, green bumpy or smooth skin, and pale green watery flesh with edible seeds.

超市里的黄瓜非常新鲜。(The cucumbers in the supermarket are very fresh.)

In Chinese culture, the cucumber is more than just a salad ingredient. It is a symbol of summer and cooling. Linguistically, the character '瓜' (guā) serves as a radical for many melon-related words, highlighting the cucumber's ancestral link to the broader gourd family. Historically, it was introduced to China via the Silk Road, originally known as '胡瓜' (húguā), indicating its 'foreign' or 'western' origin before being renamed during the Later Zhao dynasty to avoid ethnic taboos.

这种黄瓜皮薄肉厚，口感清脆。(This variety of cucumber has thin skin and thick flesh, with a crisp texture.)

Culinary Role: Primarily used in cold dishes (凉菜), stir-fries, and as a garnish for noodles like Zhajiangmian.

Beyond the kitchen, '黄瓜' appears in various social metaphors. For instance, the phrase '老黄瓜刷绿漆' (lǎo huángguā shuā lǜ qī) literally means 'painting an old cucumber green,' a humorous way to describe an older person trying to look much younger. This demonstrates how deeply embedded the vegetable is in the Chinese vernacular and everyday observation of nature.

夏天吃凉拌黄瓜最解暑。(Eating cold-dressed cucumber is the best way to relieve the summer heat.)

Using 黄瓜 (huángguā) in a sentence requires an understanding of its appropriate measure words and common verb pairings. The most common measure word is 根 (gēn), used for long, thin objects. For example, '一根黄瓜' (one cucumber). In some regions, 条 (tiáo) is also used, though 根 is generally preferred for its specific shape-based nuance.

Common Verbs: 切 (qiē - to cut), 拍 (pāi - to smash), 削 (xiāo - to peel), 拌 (bàn - to mix/dress).

请帮我把这两根黄瓜洗干净。(Please help me wash these two cucumbers.)

When cooking, the technique of '拍' (pāi) is uniquely Chinese. Instead of slicing the cucumber cleanly, you use the flat side of a cleaver to smash it. This creates irregular surfaces that absorb sauce much better than a smooth cut. This dish is famously known as 拍黄瓜 (pāi huángguā). You might say, '我最喜欢吃拍黄瓜' (I like smashed cucumber salad the most).

妈妈正在厨房里切黄瓜丝。(Mom is cutting cucumber shreds in the kitchen.)

Quantifiers: 一斤黄瓜 (a jin/500g of cucumbers), 一片黄瓜 (a slice of cucumber).

In formal writing or botanical descriptions, you might see it referred to as 胡瓜, but in 99% of daily life, '黄瓜' is the standard. It can also be used as a modifier for other nouns, such as 黄瓜味 (cucumber flavor) or 黄瓜片 (cucumber slices). If you are at a restaurant, you might order '黄瓜炒蛋' (stir-fried cucumber with eggs), a common home-style dish.

这种薯片竟然是黄瓜味的！(These potato chips are actually cucumber flavored!)

You will encounter the word 黄瓜 (huángguā) in a variety of everyday settings, ranging from the bustling atmosphere of a wet market to the quiet environment of a beauty salon. In a Chinese market (菜市场), you'll hear vendors shouting about the freshness of their produce: '新鲜的黄瓜，两块钱一斤！' (Fresh cucumbers, two yuan per jin!). This is the most common place to hear the word in its raw, transactional form.

In Restaurants: Waiters might suggest '拍黄瓜' as a refreshing appetizer to balance out heavy or spicy main courses.

服务员，请给我们来一份拍黄瓜。(Waiter, please bring us a portion of smashed cucumber salad.)

In the domestic sphere, parents often tell children to eat more cucumbers because they are '清火' (qīnghuǒ - reducing internal heat). You'll hear it in conversations about healthy eating and dieting. Because of its low calorie count, it's a staple in weight-loss discussions: '我最近在减肥，晚餐只吃黄瓜。' (I'm losing weight recently, I only eat cucumbers for dinner.)

这种面膜含有黄瓜提取物。(This facial mask contains cucumber extract.)

In Supermarkets: Labels on snack aisles might feature '黄瓜味' (cucumber flavor) for potato chips or sparkling water, a surprisingly popular flavor profile in China.

Furthermore, in agricultural news or documentaries, you might hear about '黄瓜种植基地' (cucumber cultivation bases) or '大棚黄瓜' (greenhouse cucumbers). These contexts discuss the economic and technical aspects of farming. Even in literature, the cucumber can be a symbol of rural simplicity or the freshness of early summer morning dew.

清晨的菜园里，黄瓜上还挂着露珠。(In the early morning vegetable garden, dewdrops still hang on the cucumbers.)

While 黄瓜 (huángguā) is a relatively simple noun, learners often make mistakes regarding measure words, regional naming variations, and confusing it with similar-looking gourds. The most frequent error is using the wrong measure word. While '个' (gè) is a universal fallback, it sounds unnatural to native speakers when describing a long cucumber; '根' (gēn) or '条' (tiáo) should be used instead.

Measure Word Error: Incorrect: 一个黄瓜 (yī gè huángguā). Correct: 一根黄瓜 (yī gēn huángguā).

不要说“一个黄瓜”，要说“一根黄瓜”。(Don't say 'one cucumber [generic]', say 'one cucumber [long object]'.)

Another common mistake is confusing '黄瓜' with '青瓜'. While they refer to the same plant, '青瓜' is more common in Cantonese-speaking regions (like Guangdong and Hong Kong) and some parts of Southern China. If you are in Beijing and insist on calling it '青瓜', people will understand you, but it might mark you as a traveler or someone from the south. Conversely, '黄瓜' is the standard Mandarin term used across most of China.

很多人分不清黄瓜和丝瓜。(Many people cannot distinguish between cucumbers and silk gourds.)

Visual Confusion: Cucumbers (黄瓜) have bumps; Silk Gourds (丝瓜) are often longer and have ridges; Bitter Melons (苦瓜) have very prominent, warty skin.

Lastly, learners sometimes struggle with the pronunciation of 'huáng'. It is a second tone (rising), but beginners often flatten it or use the third tone. Ensure the 'h' is soft and the 'uang' flows smoothly. Also, remember that '瓜' (guā) is a first tone (flat). Mispronouncing these can lead to confusion with other 'huáng' words like '皇' (emperor) or '慌' (panic), though context usually clarifies the meaning.

注意“黄”是第二声。(Note that 'huáng' is the second tone.)

To truly master 黄瓜 (huángguā), it is helpful to compare it with other members of the '瓜' (guā) family and similar vegetables. The word '瓜' generally refers to melons, gourds, or squashes. Understanding the distinctions helps in categorizing vocabulary and navigating a Chinese menu or market effectively.

黄瓜 vs. 青瓜 (qīngguā): These are synonyms. '黄瓜' is the standard name, while '青瓜' is common in the South and emphasizes the green color of the vegetable when eaten fresh.
黄瓜 vs. 丝瓜 (sīguā): Silk gourd or loofah. While both are long and green, 丝瓜 becomes fibrous when old (used as a sponge) and has a much softer, almost spongy texture when cooked.
黄瓜 vs. 苦瓜 (kǔguā): Bitter melon. Visually similar in shape but with very bumpy, wrinkled skin and a distinctively bitter taste that is an acquired preference.

虽然都叫“瓜”，但黄瓜和西瓜的味道完全不同。(Although both are called 'gua', the tastes of cucumber and watermelon are completely different.)

In terms of usage, '黄瓜' is most similar to other 'cold dish' vegetables like '西红柿' (xīhóngshì - tomato) or '生菜' (shēngcài - lettuce). They are often grouped together in salads or as raw sides. However, '黄瓜' has a unique '拍' (smashing) preparation method that these other vegetables do not share. Linguistically, it is also useful to note '南瓜' (nánguā - pumpkin) and '冬瓜' (dōngguā - winter melon), which are much larger and usually require peeling and long stewing.

我不喜欢吃苦瓜，但我很喜欢吃黄瓜。(I don't like eating bitter melon, but I really like eating cucumber.)

Other 'Guā' Relatives: 西瓜 (Watermelon), 哈密瓜 (Hami melon), 木瓜 (Papaya - though not a true gourd, it uses the name).

Finally, consider the word '胡瓜' (húguā). While archaic, knowing this term helps you understand the history of the Silk Road and how many 'foreign' vegetables (often prefixed with '胡') entered China. This historical context enriches your understanding of the word '黄瓜' beyond just a simple grocery item.

在古代，黄瓜被称为“胡瓜”。(In ancient times, the cucumber was called 'hugua'.)

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

अनौपचारिक

बोलचाल

कठिनाई स्तर

लिखना 3/5

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

这是一根黄瓜。

This is a cucumber.

Use '根' (gēn) as the measure word for long objects.

黄瓜是绿色的。

The cucumber is green.

Note that '黄' means yellow, but the vegetable is green.

我喜欢吃黄瓜。

I like to eat cucumbers.

Simple S-V-O structure.

妈妈买黄瓜。

Mom buys cucumbers.

Basic present tense action.

黄瓜不贵。

Cucumbers are not expensive.

Negation with '不'.

你要黄瓜吗？

Do you want cucumbers?

Question with '吗'.

这里有三根黄瓜。

There are three cucumbers here.

Number + Measure Word + Noun.

黄瓜很好吃。

Cucumbers are delicious.

Adjective phrase with '很'.

请给我两根新鲜的黄瓜。

Please give me two fresh cucumbers.

Using '新鲜' (fresh) as a modifier.

超市的黄瓜多少钱一斤？

How much is a jin of cucumbers at the supermarket?

Asking for price per unit weight (斤).

这根黄瓜太大，我想要小的。

This cucumber is too big; I want a small one.

Comparison with '太...了'.

你会做黄瓜炒蛋吗？

Can you cook stir-fried cucumber with eggs?

Using '会' for a learned skill.

我不喜欢在三明治里放黄瓜。

I don't like putting cucumbers in sandwiches.

Using '在...里' for location.

洗一下这些黄瓜。

Wash these cucumbers briefly.

Using '一下' for a brief action.

黄瓜比西红柿便宜。

Cucumbers are cheaper than tomatoes.

Comparison with '比'.

他在切黄瓜。

He is cutting a cucumber.

Progressive aspect with '在'.

夏天吃凉拌黄瓜非常清爽。

Eating cold-dressed cucumber in summer is very refreshing.

Adjective '清爽' (refreshing).

先把黄瓜切成丝，再放点醋。

First cut the cucumber into shreds, then add some vinegar.

Sequence with '先...再...'.

这种黄瓜的皮很薄，不用削皮。

The skin of this variety of cucumber is very thin; no need to peel it.

Using '不用' (no need to).

黄瓜含有大量的水分，对皮肤很好。

Cucumbers contain a lot of water and are good for the skin.

Using '对...很好' (good for...).

如果你觉得渴，可以吃点黄瓜。

If you feel thirsty, you can eat some cucumber.

Conditional '如果...可以...'.

这种黄瓜味的面膜很受欢迎。

This cucumber-flavored facial mask is very popular.

Noun + '味' (flavor/scent).

我把黄瓜拍碎了，这样更好入味。

I smashed the cucumber so it absorbs the flavor better.

Resultative complement '入味'.

除了黄瓜，你还买了什么蔬菜？

Besides cucumbers, what other vegetables did you buy?

Structure '除了...还...'.

这道拍黄瓜是那家餐厅的招牌菜。

This smashed cucumber salad is that restaurant's signature dish.

Noun '招牌菜' (signature dish).

他虽然年纪大了，但还老黄瓜刷绿漆，装年轻。

Although he is old, he still 'paints an old cucumber green' to pretend to be young.

Idiomatic usage of the metaphor.

黄瓜的产量受天气影响很大。

The yield of cucumbers is greatly affected by the weather.

Passive structure with '受...影响'.

在某些地区，黄瓜也被称为青瓜。

In some regions, cucumbers are also called 'qinggua'.

Passive voice with '被'.

这种黄瓜经过改良，口感更加清脆。

This variety of cucumber has been improved, and its texture is even crispier.

Using '经过' (through/after).

医生建议他多吃黄瓜来补充维生素。

The doctor suggested he eat more cucumbers to supplement vitamins.

Using '来' to indicate purpose.

黄瓜不仅可以生吃，还可以炒着吃。

Cucumbers can not only be eaten raw but also stir-fried.

Structure '不仅...还可以...'.

由于干旱，今年黄瓜的价格翻了一倍。

Due to the drought, the price of cucumbers has doubled this year.

Using '由于' (due to) and '翻倍' (double).

黄瓜的引种历史可以追溯到汉代。

The history of the cucumber's introduction can be traced back to the Han Dynasty.

Formal phrase '追溯到' (trace back to).

大棚技术的普及解决了冬季黄瓜供应不足的问题。

The popularization of greenhouse technology has solved the problem of insufficient cucumber supply in winter.

Complex subject with '普及' (popularization).

这篇文章详细介绍了黄瓜的药用价值。

This article introduces the medicinal value of cucumbers in detail.

Noun '药用价值' (medicinal value).

黄瓜在生长过程中需要充足的阳光和水分。

Cucumbers need sufficient sunlight and water during their growth process.

Structure '在...过程中'.

这种新型黄瓜品种具有极强的抗病性。

This new cucumber variety has extremely strong disease resistance.

Noun '抗病性' (disease resistance).

诗人以黄瓜的清香来比喻隐居生活的恬静。

The poet uses the fragrance of cucumbers to metaphorize the tranquility of a secluded life.

Using '以...来比喻' (use... to metaphorize).

黄瓜的市场需求量在夏季达到峰值。

The market demand for cucumbers reaches its peak in summer.

Formal term '峰值' (peak value).

政府出台政策扶持黄瓜种植户。

The government issued policies to support cucumber growers.

Formal verb '扶持' (support/aid).

黄瓜的基因组测序为培育优良品种提供了科学依据。

The genome sequencing of the cucumber has provided a scientific basis for breeding superior varieties.

Technical term '基因组测序' (genome sequencing).

在文学作品中，黄瓜往往象征着一种质朴的乡土情怀。

In literary works, the cucumber often symbolizes a simple, rural sentiment.

Abstract noun '乡土情怀' (rural sentiment).

黄瓜的苦味物质主要是由葫芦素引起的。

The bitter substances in cucumbers are mainly caused by cucurbitacins.

Scientific term '葫芦素' (cucurbitacin).

由于全球变暖，黄瓜的适种区域正在发生偏移。

Due to global warming, the suitable cultivation areas for cucumbers are shifting.

Formal term '适种区域' (suitable cultivation area).

该研究探讨了黄瓜在不同土壤条件下的生理代谢差异。

The study explored the physiological metabolic differences of cucumbers under different soil conditions.

Academic phrase '生理代谢差异'.

黄瓜产业的集约化发展显著提高了农民的经济收益。

The intensive development of the cucumber industry has significantly increased farmers' economic income.

Economic term '集约化发展' (intensive development).

这种黄瓜提取物在高端化妆品领域的应用前景广阔。

The application prospects of this cucumber extract in the high-end cosmetics field are broad.

Business phrase '应用前景广阔'.

通过对黄瓜栽培历史的考察，我们可以窥见古代中外文化交流的缩影。

Through the investigation of cucumber cultivation history, we can catch a glimpse of the microcosm of ancient cultural exchanges between China and the outside world.

Literary phrase '窥见...的缩影'.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

新鲜的黄瓜

凉拌黄瓜

拍黄瓜

黄瓜片

黄瓜丝

黄瓜味

切黄瓜

种黄瓜

一根黄瓜

黄瓜皮

सामान्य वाक्यांश

黄瓜炒蛋

黄瓜咸菜

黄瓜面膜

黄瓜汁

酸黄瓜

小黄瓜

旱黄瓜

水黄瓜

黄瓜拉皮

肉片炒黄瓜

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

黄瓜 vs 丝瓜 (sīguā)

黄瓜 vs 苦瓜 (kǔguā)

黄瓜 vs 西瓜 (xīguā)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

黄瓜 vs 丝瓜

Softer, used in soups, becomes a sponge when old.

黄瓜 vs 苦瓜

Very bitter, bumpy skin.

黄瓜 vs 南瓜

Pumpkin, sweet, orange, large.

黄瓜 vs 冬瓜

Winter melon, very large, used in stews.

黄瓜 vs 木瓜

Papaya, a fruit.

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

culinary

Always wash thoroughly as they are often eaten with skin.

regional

Use '青瓜' in Guangdong/HK.

metaphorical

Be careful using '老黄瓜' as it can be offensive.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using '个' instead of '根' as a measure word.
Pronouncing 'huáng' with a 3rd tone instead of a 2nd tone.
Confusing '黄瓜' with '苦瓜' (bitter melon) on a menu.
Thinking '黄瓜' must be yellow because of its name.
Forgetting the grass radical on top of '黄' in some handwriting styles.

सुझाव

Remember the Radical

The '瓜' radical will help you identify many other melon-related words in Chinese.

Try 'Pai Huang Gua'

Ordering this in a restaurant is a great way to show you know Chinese food culture.

Measure Word Precision

Using '根' instead of '个' will immediately make your Chinese sound more advanced.

Hydration Hero

Remember that cucumbers are 'cooling' foods in TCM, perfect for hot summer days.

Skincare Hack

You can use the word '敷' (fū) when talking about putting cucumber slices on your face.

Texture Matters

Use the word '脆' (cuì) to describe a good, fresh cucumber.

Check the Bumps

In China, cucumbers with more 'thorns' or bumps are often considered fresher.

Social Humor

Use '老黄瓜刷绿漆' carefully; it's funny but can be a bit sharp!

Tone Flow

Practice the transition from the rising 2nd tone to the high flat 1st tone.

Character Balance

Make sure the '黄' isn't too top-heavy; the bottom '由' needs to support it.

याद करें

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Introduced from Central Asia by Zhang Qian during the Han Dynasty.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Commonly used in DIY facial treatments.

Classified as 'Yin' or cooling in Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Primarily a summer vegetable.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"你喜欢吃凉拌黄瓜吗？"

"你觉得黄瓜味的面膜好用吗？"

"在你的国家，黄瓜是怎么做的？"

"你知道为什么黄瓜叫‘黄’瓜吗？"

"超市里的黄瓜今天打折吗？"

डायरी विषय

写一写你最喜欢的黄瓜做法。

描述一次你在菜市场买黄瓜的经历。

你觉得黄瓜味的东西好喝/好吃吗？为什么？

如果黄瓜消失了，你的饮食会有什么变化？

谈谈你对‘老黄瓜刷绿漆’这个成语的看法。

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Because it turns yellow when it is fully ripe and old. We just eat it while it's young and green.

The most common and natural measure word is 根 (gēn).

Yes, but it is recommended to wash it thoroughly or peel it if you prefer a softer texture.

It is a dish where the cucumber is hit with a knife to break it open, allowing it to absorb more sauce.

It is botanically a fruit but culinarily treated almost exclusively as a vegetable.

You say 黄瓜片 (huángguā piàn).

It's a metaphor for an older person trying to act or look much younger than they are.

Yes, it is often seen as a healthy, refreshing drink, sometimes mixed with pear or lemon.

Yes, there are 'water cucumbers' (smooth skin) and 'dry cucumbers' (bumpy skin).

Yes, cucumber soup is a light and refreshing dish, often made with egg or pork.