B2 noun औपचारिक 1 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

客体

kè tǐ /kʰɤ tʰi/

Kètǐ refers to the object of an action, thought, or emotion, typically in contrast to the subject.

30 सेकंड में शब्द

  • The object of an action or thought.
  • Often contrasted with the 'subject'.
  • Common in academic and psychological contexts.

Overview

“客体”一词在汉语中通常用于哲学、心理学、社会学等学术领域,指代作为主体认识、实践或情感投射的对象。它强调的是“被动”的一方,是主体活动的“落脚点”。在日常语境中,虽然不常用,但理解其含义有助于把握更复杂的概念。

“客体”的使用往往伴随着“主体”一词,形成“主体-客体”的二元对立结构。它还可以与“作用”、“认识”、“影响”、“对象”、“关注”等词语搭配使用,构成“作用于客体”、“认识客体”、“客体化”等表达。

**文学评论**: 分析作品时,可以将作品本身视为客体,作者或读者视为主体。

“事物”是一个非常笼统的词,指具体或抽象的“东西”。而“客体”是一个更具理论色彩的词,特指在特定关系(如认识、作用)中处于被动地位的“对象”。

“目标”是指希望达到的目的或结果,是主动追求的方向。而“客体”是被动承受主体作用的对象,两者含义截然不同。

“对象”比“客体”更常用,范围也更广,可以指任何被指向的事物,不一定需要与“主体”相对立。例如,“他的追求对象”、“研究的对象”。“客体”则更侧重于哲学和心理学中的特定概念,强调其作为主体认识或作用的“被动”性。

उदाहरण

1

心理学家研究儿童如何将外部世界客体化,并内化为自身认知结构的一部分。

academic

Psychologists study how children objectify the external world and internalize it as part of their own cognitive structure.

2

在这个哲学讨论中,我们把“意识”视为主体,而将“物质世界”视为客体。

academic

In this philosophical discussion, we consider 'consciousness' as the subject and the 'material world' as the object.

3

他觉得自己被公司视为一个可以随意调遣的客体,而非有价值的员工。

formal

He felt treated by the company as an object to be deployed at will, rather than a valued employee.

4

在某些艺术创作中,艺术家将自然景物作为客体,通过自己的视角进行重新诠释。

academic

In some artistic creations, artists take natural scenery as their object, reinterpreting it through their own perspective.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

主体-客体 subject-object
认识客体 know/perceive the object
作用于客体 act upon the object
客体关系 object relations

सामान्य वाक्यांश

主体与客体

Subject and object

客体关系理论

Object relations theory

客体化

Objectification

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

客体 vs 对象

'Kètǐ' is more specific, often implying a philosophical or psychological context where it's the passive recipient of a subject's action or thought. 'Duìxiàng' is broader and can refer to any target or focus without necessarily implying a subject-object dynamic.

客体 vs 事物

'Shìwù' simply means 'thing' or 'matter', a very general term. 'Kètǐ' is a theoretical term designating something that is acted upon or perceived by a subject.

व्याकरण पैटर्न

主体 + 作用于/认识/影响 + 客体 把...视为客体 客体化 (verb/noun)

How to Use It

इस्तेमाल की जानकारी

The term 'kètǐ' is primarily used in academic and theoretical contexts, particularly in philosophy, psychology, and sociology. Its usage implies a relationship with a 'zhǔtǐ' (subject). Avoid using it in casual, everyday conversation unless discussing these specific fields.


सामान्य गलतियाँ

Confusing 'kètǐ' with the more general term 'duìxiàng' (object/target). While related, 'kètǐ' carries a stronger connotation of being the passive recipient in a subject-object interaction, often within a theoretical framework.

Tips

💡

Understand Subject-Object Relation

Grasping the concept of 'kètǐ' requires understanding its counterpart, 'zhǔtǐ' (subject). Think of it as the 'actor' (subject) and the 'acted upon' (object).

⚠️

Avoid Overuse in Daily Speech

While important academically, using 'kètǐ' frequently in casual conversation might sound overly formal or academic.

🌍

Academic Terminology

Recognize 'kètǐ' as a specialized term primarily found in academic disciplines like philosophy and psychology.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

The word 'kètǐ' is a direct translation of the philosophical term 'object'. 'Kè' (客) means guest or visitor, and 'tǐ' (体) means body or entity. It signifies something external that is acted upon or perceived.

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

The concept of subject-object distinction is fundamental in many philosophical traditions, influencing how societies understand knowledge, reality, and human interaction. The term 'kètǐ' reflects this philosophical underpinning.

याद रखने का तरीका

Think of 'kètǐ' as the 'target' of the 'kè' (guest/visitor) in a relationship, passively receiving attention or action from the 'host' (subject).

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

4 सवाल

“客体”通常用在哲学、心理学等学术语境中,强调作为主体认识或作用的“被动”对象。而“对象”用法更广泛,泛指一切被指向的事物,不一定强调主被动关系。

可以。在某些语境下,人也可以被视为客体,例如在社会学研究中,个体可能被视为社会结构下的客体;在心理治疗中,患者也可能被视为治疗师作用的客体。

“客体化”(objectification)是指将人或事物视为没有情感、没有自主性的“物”或“工具”,仅仅关注其可利用的属性。这在心理学和性别研究中是一个重要概念,常带有负面含义。

在日常口语中,“客体”这个词并不常用。它更多出现在书面语或专业讨论中。日常生活中,人们更倾向于使用“对象”、“东西”等词。

खुद को परखो

fill blank

在认识论的研究中,我们探讨______如何认识______。

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: a

认识论的核心是主体与客体的关系,主体是认识的主动方,客体是被认识的对象。

multiple choice

以下哪个选项最能体现“客体”的含义?

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: b

“客体”强调的是作为主体作用的对象,是被动承受影响的一方,选项B最符合这一特点。

sentence building

请用“主体”和“客体”构建句子:

सही! बिलकुल नहीं। सही जवाब: d

这三个选项都准确地描述了主体与客体之间的关系或其基本定义。

स्कोर: /3

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