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B1 phrase 10 min read

محفوف بالمخاطر

mahfuf bil-makhatir
Examples محفوف بالمخاطر in 30 Seconds
Explanation محفوف بالمخاطر in your Level:
At the A1 level, you don't need to use this long phrase yet, but it's good to recognize that it means 'very dangerous.' Think of it as a super-sized version of the word 'danger.' In A1, we learn 'khatar' (danger) and 'khatir' (dangerous). This phrase 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' is like saying 'danger is everywhere around this thing.' You might see it on a big warning sign or hear it on the news. Just remember: if you hear 'mahfūf,' something is probably not safe! It is used for big things like mountains or dark forests in stories. For now, just focus on the 'makhāṭir' part, which is the plural of 'khatar.' Knowing that 'makhāṭir' means 'dangers' will help you understand that the situation is serious.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to use more descriptive language. You can begin to recognize 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' in simple news headlines or stories. It's a phrase used to describe a 'risky' path or a 'dangerous' trip. You should know that 'mahfūf' acts like an adjective. If you are talking about a trip (rihla), which is feminine, you say 'mahfūfa.' For example: 'The trip was mahfūfa bi-al-makhāṭir.' This is a step up from just saying 'The trip was dangerous.' It makes your Arabic sound more like a grown-up's Arabic. You can use it when talking about sports that are a bit scary, like rock climbing or diving in the deep sea.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use this phrase actively in your writing and speaking. This is the perfect level to introduce 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' because you are now discussing more complex topics like the environment, business, and travel experiences. You should use this phrase when you want to describe a situation that is 'fraught with risk' or 'perilous.' It's very useful for writing essays about difficult journeys or risky decisions. Remember the grammar: noun + mahfūf + bi-al-makhāṭir. Make sure the adjective 'mahfūf' matches the noun in gender. This phrase will help you move away from simple sentences and start expressing more nuanced ideas about risk and safety in a formal way.
At the B2 level, you should use 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' with confidence in formal contexts. You should understand the metaphorical uses of the phrase. It’s not just for physical danger anymore; you can use it to describe a political transition, a financial investment, or a complex social change. You should also be aware of how to change the case of 'mahfūf' based on its position in the sentence (nominative, accusative, or genitive). At this level, you might also start exploring variations like 'mahfūf bi-al-asrar' (shrouded in mystery). Using this phrase correctly in a B2 exam or presentation shows that you have a strong command of formal Arabic (Fusha) and can handle 'media Arabic' effectively.
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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the stylistic power of 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir.' You should be able to use it to create atmosphere in your writing. You might use it in a literary analysis to describe a character's journey or in a political commentary to describe the delicate balance of power. You should also be able to compare and contrast it with synonyms like 'muhlik' (deadly) or 'mujāzafa' (gamble) to explain exactly *why* a situation is 'mahfūf' rather than just 'khatir.' Your usage should be flawless, including the correct use of tanween and gender agreement. You are now using the phrase not just to convey information, but to influence the tone and register of your entire discourse.
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At the C2 level, 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' is a tool for precision and rhetorical flair. You understand its historical roots and how the concept of 'surrounding' (haffa) adds a specific spatial dimension to the idea of risk. You can use it in highly technical fields like law, high-level diplomacy, or philosophical treatises. You might even play with the phrase in creative writing, using it in unexpected ways to describe emotional states or abstract intellectual pursuits. At this level, you are not just using the language; you are mastering its nuances to express the most complex and subtle shades of meaning. You recognize the phrase as a classic example of how Arabic uses passive participles and prepositions to create dense, meaningful imagery.
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Examples

محفوف بالمخاطر in 30 Seconds

  • Formal phrase meaning 'fraught with risks'.
  • Used in media, politics, and business contexts.
  • Requires gender agreement (mahfūf/mahfūfa).
  • Conveys a sense of being surrounded by danger.

The Arabic phrase محفوف بالمخاطر (mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir) is a sophisticated and highly evocative expression used to describe situations, paths, or ventures that are inherently dangerous or filled with uncertainty. Translated literally as 'surrounded by dangers,' it carries a weight that the simple word 'dangerous' (خطر) does not. It implies that the danger is not just a possibility, but an environment that envelopes the subject from all sides. Linguistically, the word محفوف is the passive participle of the verb حفّ (haffa), which means to surround, to hem in, or to border. When combined with المخاطر (the dangers), it creates a vivid image of a narrow path where every step is flanked by potential peril. This phrase is a staple of formal Arabic, appearing frequently in news reports, political analysis, and literary works to describe high-stakes scenarios.

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Formal and Literary (Fusha). It is rarely used in casual street slang, where simpler terms like 'khatir' are preferred.
Imagery
Imagine a tightrope walker over a canyon; the air around them is 'mahfūf'—literally thick with the threat of falling.

إن مستقبل السلام في المنطقة لا يزال محفوفاً بالمخاطر والتحديات الجسيمة.

Translation: The future of peace in the region remains fraught with dangers and grave challenges.

In business contexts, an entrepreneur might describe a new venture into an unstable market as a 'project mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir.' In medical contexts, a surgeon might warn a family that a complex operation is 'mahfūfa bi-al-makhāṭir.' The plural nature of 'makhatir' (dangers) is crucial; it suggests a multifaceted threat—financial, physical, and psychological. This phrase is also used metaphorically in poetry to describe the 'path of love' or the 'path of truth,' suggesting that these noble pursuits are never easy and are always surrounded by the risk of loss or suffering.

كانت الرحلة عبر الصحراء محفوفة بالمخاطر بسبب العواصف الرملية.

Translation: The journey across the desert was fraught with risks due to sandstorms.
Modern Usage
Frequently used in journalism to describe geopolitical tensions or economic instability.

Historically, the root 'h-f-f' was used to describe the way a crowd surrounds a leader or how trees line a riverbank. This sense of 'lining' or 'fringing' is what gives the phrase its unique power. It isn't just that danger exists; it's that danger is the very border of the activity you are engaged in. If you stray even slightly, you encounter the 'makhatir.' This makes it a perfect translation for the English 'fraught with' or 'perilous.' It is a word that commands attention and respect for the difficulty of the task at hand.

Using محفوف بالمخاطر correctly requires an understanding of Arabic sentence structure, specifically how passive participles act as adjectives. Because محفوف is an adjective, it must agree with the noun it modifies in gender and number. However, since it is followed by the prepositional phrase بالمخاطر, it often functions as a predicate in a nominal sentence (Mubtada' and Khabar). For example, in the sentence 'The plan is risky,' the plan (الخطة) is feminine, so the phrase becomes الخطة محفوفة بالمخاطر. Notice the ta marbuta at the end of محفوفة. This grammatical agreement is a common area of error for learners but is essential for sounding natural and professional.

Pattern 1: Noun + mahfūf + bi-al-makhāṭir
Standard description: 'The path is fraught with risks' -> الطريق محفوف بالمخاطر.

يعتبر الاستثمار في العملات الرقمية طريقاً محفوفاً بالمخاطر للمبتدئين.

Translation: Investing in cryptocurrencies is considered a path fraught with risks for beginners.

Another important aspect is the usage of the preposition bi (بـ). This preposition links the adjective to the source of the risk. You cannot say 'mahfūf al-makhāṭir' without the 'bi' (except in very specific poetic iḍāfa constructions which are rare). Furthermore, while 'al-makhāṭir' is the most common companion, you can technically use other nouns to describe what something is surrounded by, such as محفوف بالأسرار (surrounded by secrets) or محفوف بالصعوبات (fraught with difficulties). However, the 'dangers' version is by far the most idiomatic. When writing, remember that this phrase usually follows the noun it describes, acting as an attributive adjective or a predicate.

رغم أن الطريق كان محفوفاً بالمخاطر، إلا أنهم قرروا المضي قدماً.

Translation: Although the path was fraught with dangers, they decided to move forward.
Agreement Check
Masculine: محفوف | Feminine: محفوفة | Plural (Non-human): محفوفة

In advanced writing, you can use this phrase to create contrast. For instance, 'A life of ease is rarely mahfūfa bi-al-makhāṭir, but it is also rarely mahfūfa bi-al-injāzāt (surrounded by achievements).' This shows the flexibility of the 'mahfūf bi-' structure. In the context of the CEFR B1 level, you should focus on using it to describe physical trips, risky jobs, or difficult decisions. As you progress to B2 and C1, you will start using it to describe abstract concepts like political transitions, economic policies, or complex philosophical arguments. The key is to remember the 'bi' and the plural 'al-makhāṭir'.

You are most likely to encounter محفوف بالمخاطر in the world of Arab media and journalism. If you tune into Al Jazeera, Al Arabiya, or the BBC Arabic service, you will hear news anchors using this phrase to describe volatile geopolitical situations. For instance, a reporter might describe a ceasefire as being 'fraught with risks' if both sides are still skirmishing. It is the 'serious' way to say something is dangerous. While a child might say a street is 'khatir' (dangerous), a political analyst will say the 'political landscape is mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir.' This distinction is vital for learners who wish to sound more academic or professional in their speech.

News Media
Standard phrase for reporting on conflict zones, economic crises, and diplomatic negotiations.

العملية العسكرية في تلك المنطقة محفوفة بالمخاطر العالية نظراً للطبيعة الجغرافية.

Translation: The military operation in that area is fraught with high risks due to the geographical nature.

Beyond the news, you will find this phrase in modern Arabic literature and non-fiction books. Authors use it to add a layer of tension and gravity to their descriptions. In a biography of a famous explorer, the author would use 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' to describe the explorer's first trek across the Empty Quarter. In business, corporate reports and financial news use it to describe speculative investments or market volatility. For example, 'Investing in emerging markets is a process mahfūfa bi-al-makhāṭir.' It conveys a sense of professional caution and thorough risk assessment.

إن طريق النجاح دائماً ما يكون محفوفاً بالمخاطر والعقبات.

Translation: The path to success is always fraught with risks and obstacles.
Academic Lectures
Used by professors in political science or economics to discuss the dangers of specific policies.

Finally, you might hear this in formal speeches or even in Friday sermons (Khutbah) when the speaker is discussing the moral 'dangers' or pitfalls of certain lifestyle choices. In this context, the 'dangers' are spiritual or social rather than physical. It is a versatile phrase that elevates the level of discourse. If you use it in a conversation with a native speaker, they will immediately perceive you as someone who has studied the language deeply and appreciates its formal nuances. It shows you have moved beyond basic survival Arabic into the realm of expressive, descriptive language.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with محفوف بالمخاطر is forgetting the grammatical agreement between the adjective محفوف and the noun it describes. Because Arabic is a gendered language, you must ensure that if you are describing a feminine noun (like مغامرة - adventure), you use محفوفة. Many students default to the masculine 'mahfūf' for everything, which sounds jarring to a native ear. Another common error is omitting the preposition bi (بـ). You cannot simply say 'mahfūf al-makhāṭir' as if it were a direct possessive; the 'bi' is the bridge that connects the 'surrounded' state to the 'dangers' that are doing the surrounding.

Mistake 1: Gender Mismatch
Incorrect: الرحلة محفوف بالمخاطر (Al-rihla mahfūf...) Correct: الرحلة محفوفة بالمخاطر (Al-rihla mahfūfa...)

خطأ شائع: المهمة محفوف بالمخاطر. الصواب: المهمة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Another mistake involves the word for 'dangers' itself. Some learners might try to use the singular خطر (danger) and say 'mahfūf bi-al-khatar.' While technically understandable, it is not the idiomatic way the phrase is used. The plural المخاطر is almost always used because it emphasizes the plurality and variety of the threats. Additionally, be careful with the case endings if you are speaking or writing in formal Fusha. If the phrase is the object of a verb or follows 'inna', it must take the accusative ending (mahfūfan). Forgetting the tanween al-fath in these cases is a common slip for intermediate students.

خطأ شائع: هذا مشروع محفوف المخاطر (Missing 'bi'). الصواب: هذا مشروع محفوف بالمخاطر.

Mistake 2: Using Singular 'Danger'
Avoid 'mahfūf bi-al-khatar'; always use 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' for the full idiomatic effect.

Finally, avoid overusing this phrase in casual conversation. If you are telling a friend that it's dangerous to cross the street without looking, 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' is too dramatic and formal. In that case, just use خطير (khatīr). Using high-level vocabulary in low-level situations can make you sound like you are reading from a textbook rather than speaking a living language. Save this phrase for describing high-altitude climbing, complex surgeries, or risky political maneuvers to ensure your register matches the situation.

While محفوف بالمخاطر is a powerful phrase, there are several alternatives you can use depending on the context and the level of intensity you want to convey. The most direct and common alternative is خطير (khatīr), which simply means 'dangerous.' This is the 'all-purpose' word that can be used for everything from a 'dangerous dog' to a 'dangerous idea.' It lacks the descriptive 'surrounded by' imagery of 'mahfūf,' but it is more versatile for everyday speech. Another alternative is مخاطرة (mukhāṭara), which means 'a risk' or 'a gamble.' You might say 'This is a big risk' (هذه مخاطرة كبيرة) instead of saying the path is fraught with risks.

خطير (Khatīr)
General 'dangerous.' Use for everyday hazards. (e.g., This chemical is khatīr).
مجازفة (Mujāzafa)
A gamble or venture. Implies a conscious choice to take a risk for a potential reward.

الفرق: 'خطير' تصف الشيء نفسه، بينما 'محفوف بالمخاطر' تصف الوضع أو الطريق.

Comparison: 'Khatīr' describes the thing itself, while 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' describes the situation or the path.

For more literary or intense contexts, you might use مهلك (muhlik), which means 'deadly' or 'perilous to the point of destruction.' This is much stronger than 'mahfūf' and implies that the danger is likely to result in death or total failure. On the other hand, if you want to describe something that is 'risky' in a more adventurous or daring way, you could use مغامرة (mughāmara) for 'adventure.' A 'mughāmara' can be 'mahfūfa bi-al-makhāṭir,' but the word 'mughāmara' itself carries a more positive, exciting connotation than the purely negative 'risky' description.

المقارنة: استثمار عالي المخاطر (High-risk investment) vs رحلة محفوفة بالمخاطر (Fraught journey).

مليء بالتحديات (Malī' bi-al-tahadiyāt)
'Full of challenges.' A softer, more positive way to describe a difficult but not necessarily deadly situation.

In summary, choose 'mahfūf bi-al-makhāṭir' when you want to emphasize the *environment* of risk and the *gravity* of the situation. Choose 'khatīr' for simple danger, 'mujāzafa' for a gamble, and 'muhlik' for something truly deadly. Understanding these nuances will allow you to tailor your Arabic to the specific emotional and intellectual tone of your conversation or writing. It is the difference between being a functional speaker and being an eloquent one.

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Examples by Level

1

هذا الطريق محفوف بالمخاطر.

This road is fraught with dangers.

Simple nominal sentence: Subject + Adjective + Prepositional Phrase.

2

الغابة محفوفة بالمخاطر في الليل.

The forest is fraught with risks at night.

Feminine agreement: 'Al-ghaba' (forest) is feminine, so 'mahfufa' is used.

3

الجبل محفوف بالمخاطر.

The mountain is fraught with risks.

Masculine agreement: 'Al-jabal' is masculine.

4

البحر محفوف بالمخاطر اليوم.

The sea is fraught with dangers today.

Adding a time adverb 'al-yawm' (today) at the end.

5

العمل هنا محفوف بالمخاطر.

Work here is fraught with risks.

Using 'al-amal' (work) as the subject.

6

هذه اللعبة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

This game is fraught with risks.

Feminine agreement with 'la'ba' (game).

7

الرحلة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

The journey is fraught with risks.

Feminine agreement with 'rihla' (journey).

8

تسلق الأشجار محفوف بالمخاطر.

Climbing trees is fraught with risks.

Verbal noun (Masdar) as the subject: 'Tasalluq' is masculine.

1

السفر وحيداً في الصحراء محفوف بالمخاطر.

Traveling alone in the desert is fraught with risks.

Subject is a Masdar phrase: 'Al-safar wahidan'.

2

كانت المهمة محفوفة بالمخاطر الكبيرة.

The mission was fraught with great risks.

Using 'kana' (was) with feminine agreement.

3

هذا المشروع محفوف بالمخاطر المالية.

This project is fraught with financial risks.

Adding an adjective 'maliyya' (financial) to 'al-makhatir'.

4

السباحة في هذا النهر محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Swimming in this river is fraught with risks.

Feminine agreement with 'al-sibaha' (swimming).

5

القيادة بسرعة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Driving fast is fraught with risks.

Feminine agreement with 'al-qiyada' (driving).

6

الحياة في الغابة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Life in the jungle is fraught with risks.

Subject 'Al-hayat' (life) is feminine.

7

مغامرة الجبال محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Mountain adventure is fraught with risks.

Idafa construction as subject: 'mughāmarat al-jibāl'.

8

البحث عن الذهب محفوف بالمخاطر.

Searching for gold is fraught with risks.

Masculine agreement with 'al-bahth' (searching).

1

إن الاستثمار في هذه الشركة محفوف بالمخاطر العالية.

Investing in this company is fraught with high risks.

Using 'inna' for emphasis; 'al-istithmar' is the noun of 'inna'.

2

وصف الطبيب العملية بأنها محفوفة بالمخاطر.

The doctor described the operation as being fraught with risks.

Using 'bi-annaha' (as it being) followed by the phrase.

3

يعتبر تسلق إيفرست طريقاً محفوفاً بالمخاطر.

Climbing Everest is considered a path fraught with risks.

Accusative case: 'mahfufan' because it's the second object of 'yu'tabaru'.

4

كانت المفاوضات محفوفة بالمخاطر السياسية.

The negotiations were fraught with political risks.

Past tense with 'kanat' and feminine plural agreement.

5

يعيش الصحفيون في مناطق الحروب حياة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Journalists in war zones live a life fraught with risks.

Using 'hayatan mahfufatan' as a cognate accusative (Maf'ul Mutlaq).

6

إن التغيير المفاجئ في السياسة محفوف بالمخاطر.

A sudden change in policy is fraught with risks.

Abstract subject: 'al-taghyir' (the change).

7

لا تزال الرحلة إلى المريخ محفوفة بالمخاطر التقنية.

The journey to Mars is still fraught with technical risks.

Using 'la tazal' (still) for ongoing states.

8

بدأت الشركة مشروعاً محفوفاً بالمخاطر في الخارج.

The company started a risky project abroad.

Attributive adjective in the accusative: 'mashru'an mahfufan'.

1

تظل عملية الانتقال الديمقراطي محفوفة بالمخاطر الجسيمة.

The process of democratic transition remains fraught with grave risks.

Verb 'tadallu' (remains) with feminine subject 'amaliyya'.

2

أي قرار بشأن الحرب يكون محفوفاً بالمخاطر الأخلاقية.

Any decision regarding war is fraught with ethical risks.

Using 'yakunu mahfufan' as the predicate of 'ayyu qarar'.

3

إن المضي في هذا الاتجاه محفوف بالمخاطر القانونية.

Proceeding in this direction is fraught with legal risks.

Verbal noun 'al-madi' (proceeding) as subject.

4

وصف المحللون الوضع الاقتصادي بأنه محفوف بالمخاطر والتقلبات.

Analysts described the economic situation as fraught with risks and fluctuations.

Adding 'wa al-taqallubat' (and fluctuations) for richness.

5

كانت رحلة البحث عن الحقيقة دائماً محفوفة بالمخاطر.

The journey of searching for the truth was always fraught with risks.

Metaphorical use of 'rihla' (journey).

6

التعامل مع هذه المواد الكيميائية محفوف بالمخاطر الصحية.

Dealing with these chemicals is fraught with health risks.

Subject 'al-ta'amul' (dealing) is masculine.

7

تعتبر هذه المنطقة الحدودية مكاناً محفوفاً بالمخاطر الأمنية.

This border region is considered a place fraught with security risks.

Accusative 'makanan mahfufan' after 'tu'tabaru'.

8

إن مستقبله المهني أصبح محفوفاً بالمخاطر بعد الفضيحة.

His professional future has become fraught with risks after the scandal.

Using 'asbaha' (became) with the accusative.

1

إن صياغة دستور جديد في ظل الانقسام هي مهمة محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Drafting a new constitution amidst division is a task fraught with risks.

Complex nominal sentence with a long subject phrase.

2

يبدو أن المسار الدبلوماسي بات محفوفاً بالمخاطر والعقبات غير المتوقعة.

It seems the diplomatic path has become fraught with risks and unexpected obstacles.

Using 'bat' (became) which functions like 'kana'.

3

إن محاولة التوفيق بين العلم والدين كانت دائماً محفوفة بالمخاطر الفلسفية.

The attempt to reconcile science and religion has always been fraught with philosophical risks.

Abstract philosophical context.

4

يظل التوسع العمراني في المناطق الجبلية أمراً محفوفاً بالمخاطر البيئية.

Urban expansion in mountainous areas remains something fraught with environmental risks.

Using 'amran mahfufan' as an appositive or predicate noun.

5

الابتكار في هذا المجال محفوف بالمخاطر، لكنه ضروري للتطور.

Innovation in this field is fraught with risks, but it is necessary for development.

Contrastive sentence structure with 'lakinnahu' (but it...).

6

إن الخروج من منطقة الراحة هو فعل محفوف بالمخاطر النفسية.

Stepping out of the comfort zone is an act fraught with psychological risks.

Psychological/Abstract usage.

7

كانت قيادة الثورة عملاً محفوفاً بالمخاطر والمصير المجهول.

Leading the revolution was an act fraught with risks and an unknown fate.

Literary and historical context.

8

تعتبر هندسة الجينات تقنية محفوفة بالمخاطر الأخلاقية والبيولوجية.

Genetic engineering is considered a technology fraught with ethical and biological risks.

Scientific and ethical context.

1

إن أي محاولة لتفكيك هذا النظام المعقد ستكون محفوفة بالمخاطر الوجودية.

Any attempt to dismantle this complex system will be fraught with existential risks.

Future tense with 'sakuna' (will be).

2

يرى النقاد أن هذه الرواية تسلك درباً محفوفاً بالمخاطر السردية.

Critics see this novel as following a path fraught with narrative risks.

Literary criticism context.

3

إن التوازن بين الحرية والأمن هو مسعى محفوف بالمخاطر في العصر الرقمي.

The balance between freedom and security is a pursuit fraught with risks in the digital age.

Sociopolitical and philosophical context.

4

كانت طموحاته السياسية محفوفة بالمخاطر التي أدت في النهاية إلى سقوطه.

His political ambitions were fraught with risks that eventually led to his downfall.

Using a relative clause 'allati...' to expand the sentence.

5

إن التعامل مع الذكاء الاصطناعي الفائق هو رهان محفوف بالمخاطر غير المحسوبة.

Dealing with super-intelligent AI is a bet fraught with uncalculated risks.

Futuristic and technological context.

6

تظل السياسة الخارجية للدول الكبرى مساراً محفوفاً بالمخاطر الجيوسياسية.

The foreign policy of major powers remains a path fraught with geopolitical risks.

High-level political discourse.

7

إن الفلسفة الوجودية في جوهرها هي مغامرة فكرية محفوفة بالمخاطر.

Existential philosophy is at its core an intellectual adventure fraught with risks.

Philosophical context.

8

كان إعلان الاستقلال خطوة محفوفة بالمخاطر التي لا يمكن التنبؤ بنتائجها.

The declaration of independence was a step fraught with risks whose outcomes could not be predicted.

Historical and formal context.

Synonyms

خطير مخاطرة مجازفة مهلك مروع غير آمن متعثر شائك

Antonyms

آمن سليم مضمون خالٍ من المخاطر

Common Collocations

طريق محفوف بالمخاطر
مشروع محفوف بالمخاطر
مستقبل محفوف بالمخاطر
مهمة محفوفة بالمخاطر
رحلة محفوفة بالمخاطر
قرار محفوف بالمخاطر
بيئة محفوفة بالمخاطر
مسار محفوف بالمخاطر
مغامرة محفوفة بالمخاطر
وضع محفوف بالمخاطر

Common Phrases

محفوف بالمخاطر والتحديات

— Fraught with risks and challenges. Used to emphasize that the path is not just dangerous but also difficult.

هذا الطريق محفوف بالمخاطر والتحديات.

محفوف بالمخا
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