Detergent is a chemical cleaner used to remove dirt and stains from various surfaces.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Chemical cleaner for laundry, dishes, and surfaces.
- Removes stains, grease, and bacteria effectively.
- Essential for household and industrial cleaning needs.
Overview
洗涤剂（xǐ dí jì）是指用于清洁的化学制剂，通常是液体、粉末或膏状。它的主要作用是分解和去除污垢、油脂、蛋白质等物质，使它们能够被水冲走。洗涤剂广泛应用于家庭、工业和商业等各种场合，是现代生活中不可或缺的清洁用品。
洗涤剂的使用非常普遍。在家庭中，我们用洗衣液或洗衣粉洗衣服，用洗洁精洗碗，用消毒液清洁厨房和卫生间。在工业领域，洗涤剂被用于清洗机器设备、纺织品等。商业场所如酒店、餐厅也需要大量使用洗涤剂来维持卫生标准。
日常生活中最常见的洗涤剂包括洗衣液、洗衣粉、洗洁精、洗手液、地板清洁剂、玻璃清洁剂等。它们通常含有表面活性剂，能够降低水的表面张力，帮助污垢脱离表面并悬浮在水中。一些洗涤剂还含有酶、漂白剂、香料等成分，以增强清洁效果或增加使用舒适度。
与“清洁剂”（qīng jié jì）相比，“洗涤剂”更侧重于“洗”这个动作，通常指用于洗涤衣物或餐具的清洁用品。而“清洁剂”是一个更广泛的概念，泛指一切用于清洁的物质，可以包括消毒剂、抛光剂等。“洗涤剂”是“清洁剂”的一个重要子类。例如，洗洁精是洗涤剂，但消毒液虽然是清洁剂，却不一定属于洗涤剂的范畴。
Examples
请在洗衣机里加入适量的洗衣洗涤剂。
everydayPlease add an appropriate amount of laundry detergent to the washing machine.
该产品是一种高效的厨房油污洗涤剂。
commercialThis product is a highly effective kitchen degreaser.
洗洁精就是一种常用的餐具洗涤剂。
informalDish soap is a common detergent for tableware.
研究表明，某些洗涤剂中的化学成分可能对水生生物有害。
academicStudies indicate that certain chemical components in detergents can be harmful to aquatic life.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
使用洗涤剂
use detergent
环保洗涤剂
eco-friendly detergent
浓缩洗涤剂
concentrated detergent
Often Confused With
Detergent (洗涤剂) is a specific type of cleaning agent, primarily used for washing clothes or dishes. Cleaning agent (清洁剂) is a broader term encompassing all substances used for cleaning, including disinfectants and polishes.
Soap is typically made from natural fats and lye, while detergents are usually synthetic chemicals. Detergents often perform better in hard water and can be formulated with a wider range of specialized ingredients.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Detergent is a common noun referring to cleaning products. It can be used in both formal and informal contexts. Pay attention to the specific type of detergent mentioned, such as laundry detergent or dish detergent.
Common Mistakes
Students sometimes confuse 'detergent' (洗涤剂) with the broader term 'cleaning agent' (清洁剂). It's important to remember that detergent is a category within cleaning agents, specifically for washing.
Tips
Choose the Right Detergent
Always select the detergent specifically designed for the task, whether it's laundry, dishes, or surfaces, for optimal results and safety.
Avoid Mixing Cleaners
Never mix different types of cleaning agents, especially bleach with ammonia-based cleaners, as this can create toxic fumes.
Hygiene Standards
In many cultures, the regular use of detergents is closely linked to modern standards of personal and public hygiene.
Word Origin
The word 'detergent' comes from the Latin 'detergere', meaning 'to wipe off' or 'to clean'. The Chinese term '洗涤剂' is a direct translation, with '洗' meaning 'wash' and '涤' meaning 'rinse' or 'cleanse'.
Cultural Context
The widespread availability and use of detergents have significantly impacted hygiene practices globally, contributing to cleaner living environments and reduced transmission of diseases.
Memory Tip
Think of 'de-tergent' as something that 'detaches' dirt. The Chinese '洗涤剂' clearly indicates its function in 'washing' (洗) and 'rinsing' (涤).
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions洗涤剂通常是人造的合成化学品，而肥皂是天然油脂与碱反应制成的。洗涤剂在硬水中比肥皂效果更好，并且通常含有更多样的活性成分。
应根据说明书的指示使用，避免过量使用。同时，要注意区分不同用途的洗涤剂，如洗衣剂不能用于洗碗。使用后要彻底冲洗干净，避免残留。
常见的家用洗涤剂包括洗衣液、洗衣粉、洗洁精、洗手液、浴室清洁剂、厨房油污清洁剂等。
环保型洗涤剂通常采用可生物降解的成分，对环境污染较小，不含磷、荧光增白剂等有害物质，对人体也更温和。
Test Yourself
为了洗干净这些油腻的碗碟，我们需要使用一些专门的 ______。
句子的意思是需要清洁油腻的碗碟，洗涤剂是专门用于清洁餐具的清洁用品。
以下哪项不是常见的洗涤剂？
空气清新剂用于去除异味，不属于清洁污垢的洗涤剂。
洗涤剂 / 衣服 / 清洁 / 能够 / 污渍
这个句子结构完整，逻辑清晰，表达了洗涤剂的功能。
Score: /3
Summary
Detergent is a chemical cleaner used to remove dirt and stains from various surfaces.
- Chemical cleaner for laundry, dishes, and surfaces.
- Removes stains, grease, and bacteria effectively.
- Essential for household and industrial cleaning needs.
Choose the Right Detergent
Always select the detergent specifically designed for the task, whether it's laundry, dishes, or surfaces, for optimal results and safety.
Avoid Mixing Cleaners
Never mix different types of cleaning agents, especially bleach with ammonia-based cleaners, as this can create toxic fumes.
Hygiene Standards
In many cultures, the regular use of detergents is closely linked to modern standards of personal and public hygiene.
Examples
4 of 4请在洗衣机里加入适量的洗衣洗涤剂。
Please add an appropriate amount of laundry detergent to the washing machine.
该产品是一种高效的厨房油污洗涤剂。
This product is a highly effective kitchen degreaser.
洗洁精就是一种常用的餐具洗涤剂。
Dish soap is a common detergent for tableware.
研究表明，某些洗涤剂中的化学成分可能对水生生物有害。
Studies indicate that certain chemical components in detergents can be harmful to aquatic life.
