§ Understanding 病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo)
Alright, let's talk about something pretty practical if you're ever working or studying in China: the 病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo). This isn't just a casual note; it's a formal document. Think of it as your official doctor's note or sick leave certificate. It’s what you give to your employer or school to prove you were genuinely sick and couldn't come in.
- DEFINITION
- Sick leave certificate.
You'll typically get a 病假条 from a hospital or clinic after seeing a doctor. It usually states your name, the duration of your recommended rest, and the doctor's signature or a hospital stamp. This is crucial for formal leave requests, so don't lose it!
我需要一张病假条才能请病假。
Translation hint: I need a sick leave certificate to ask for sick leave.
医生给我开了一张三天的病假条。
Translation hint: The doctor gave me a three-day sick leave certificate.
§ Similar Words and When to Use Them
While 病假条 is pretty specific, you might encounter other terms related to leave or illness. Let's break down a few of them so you know exactly what to say.
病假 (bìngjià) - Sick leave: This is the general term for sick leave itself, the period you're off work due to illness. 病假条 is the *document* you use to get or prove your 病假.
我今天请了病假。
Translation hint: I took sick leave today.
请假 (qǐngjià) - To ask for leave: This is a broader term meaning to request any kind of leave (sick leave, annual leave, personal leave, etc.). If you're going to use a 病假条, you would first 请假, specifying it's for illness.
我想请假两天。
Translation hint: I want to ask for two days off.
证明 (zhèngmíng) - Certificate/Proof: This is a general word for a certificate or proof of something. A 病假条 is a type of 证明, specifically proving your illness for leave purposes. You wouldn't just ask for a "证明" if you mean a sick leave note, you'd be more specific with 病假条.
你需要提供一份学历证明。
Translation hint: You need to provide an educational background certificate.
The key takeaway here is that 病假条 is very specific. When you need a doctor's note for sick leave, this is the exact term you should use. Don't try to substitute it with other words; it might cause confusion or sound unprofessional.
Pronunciation Guide
- Mispronouncing the individual tones, especially the rising tone of 'tiáo'.
- Failing to connect the syllables smoothly.
Grammar to Know
病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo) is a noun and acts as a direct object in a sentence. It refers to the document itself, not the act of taking sick leave. For example, you might "需要一张病假条" (need a sick leave certificate).
我需要一张病假条。 (Wǒ xūyào yī zhāng bìngjiàtiáo.) - I need a sick leave certificate.
It can be modified by adjectives or possessive pronouns. For instance, you could talk about "我的病假条" (my sick leave certificate) or "医生的病假条" (the doctor's sick leave certificate).
我的病假条在这里。 (Wǒ de bìngjiàtiáo zài zhèlǐ.) - My sick leave certificate is here.
When referring to the quantity of sick leave certificates, measure words are used. The most common measure word for 病假条 is 张 (zhāng), which is used for flat, thin objects like paper or tickets.
他交了两张病假条。 (Tā jiāole liǎng zhāng bìngjiàtiáo.) - He handed in two sick leave certificates.
You can use verbs like 开 (kāi - to write/issue), 请 (qǐng - to ask for/request), or 提交 (tíjiāo - to submit) with 病假条 to describe actions related to it.
医生给我开了一张病假条。 (Yīshēng gěi wǒ kāile yī zhāng bìngjiàtiáo.) - The doctor issued me a sick leave certificate.
It can be used in a compound noun, for example, to specify a type of leave. While 病假 is sick leave, adding 条 emphasizes the document. It's less common to see it combine with other types of 'leave' nouns to form new specific certificate types, as 病假条 is quite specific.
请假需要病假条。 (Qǐngjià xūyào bìngjiàtiáo.) - Requesting leave requires a sick leave certificate.
Examples by Level
我需要一张病假条。
I need a sick leave certificate.
他递交了病假条。
He submitted a sick leave certificate.
医生给我开了病假条。
The doctor wrote me a sick leave certificate.
请把病假条交给经理。
Please hand in the sick leave certificate to the manager.
我的病假条找不到了。
I can't find my sick leave certificate.
公司要求病假条。
The company requires a sick leave certificate.
病假条上有医生的签名。
The sick leave certificate has the doctor's signature.
他因为没有病假条而被扣工资。
He had his salary deducted because he didn't have a sick leave certificate.
你需要医生开的病假条才能请病假。
You need a doctor's sick leave certificate to take sick leave.
A common structure for expressing necessity is '需要...才能...' (xūyào...cái néng...).
我把病假条交给人事部了。
I submitted the sick leave certificate to Human Resources.
交 (jiāo) means to hand over or submit. 人事部 (rénshìbù) is Human Resources.
公司要求员工提供病假条。
The company requires employees to provide a sick leave certificate.
要求 (yāoqiú) means to require or demand. 提供 (tígōng) means to provide.
她的病假条上写着她需要休息三天。
Her sick leave certificate stated she needed three days of rest.
写着 (xiězhe) indicates something is written on it. 休息 (xiūxi) means to rest.
没有病假条，你就不能获得带薪病假。
Without a sick leave certificate, you cannot get paid sick leave.
没有...就不能... (méiyǒu...jiù bù néng...) is a common way to express a conditional negative.
请把你的病假条复印一份留作记录。
Please make a copy of your sick leave certificate for your records.
复印 (fùyìn) means to make a copy. 留作记录 (liú zuò jìlù) means to keep for records.
经理问我有没有病假条。
The manager asked me if I had a sick leave certificate.
有没有 (yǒu méi yǒu) is a common way to ask 'do you have... or not?'.
医生给我开了张病假条。
The doctor issued me a sick leave certificate.
开 (kāi) in this context means to issue or write (a document). 张 (zhāng) is a measure word for flat objects like a certificate.
我需要向公司提交病假条，因为我感冒了。
I need to submit a sick leave certificate to the company because I have a cold.
向 (xiàng) means 'to' or 'towards'. 因为 (yīnwèi) means 'because'.
医生给我开了一张病假条，建议我休息三天。
The doctor gave me a sick leave certificate, suggesting I rest for three days.
给 (gěi) means 'to give'. 建议 (jiànyì) means 'to suggest'.
请问，你们公司对病假条有什么具体要求吗？
Excuse me, does your company have any specific requirements for sick leave certificates?
请问 (qǐngwèn) means 'excuse me, may I ask'. 对 (duì) means 'regarding' or 'to'. 要求 (yāoqiú) means 'requirements'.
我今天生病了，下午会把病假条发给你。
I'm sick today, I'll send you the sick leave certificate this afternoon.
今天 (jīntiān) means 'today'. 下午 (xiàwǔ) means 'afternoon'. 发 (fā) means 'to send'.
为了请病假，你必须提供有效的病假条。
In order to take sick leave, you must provide a valid sick leave certificate.
为了 (wèile) means 'in order to'. 必须 (bìxū) means 'must'. 提供 (tígōng) means 'to provide'.
他因为没有病假条，所以请病假被拒绝了。
Because he didn't have a sick leave certificate, his sick leave request was rejected.
因为...所以... (yīnwèi...suǒyǐ...) means 'because...therefore...'. 被 (bèi) is a passive voice marker.
人事部要求所有病假都必须附上医生开的病假条。
The HR department requires all sick leaves to be accompanied by a doctor's sick leave certificate.
人事部 (rénshìbù) means 'HR department'. 附上 (fùshàng) means 'to attach'.
这份病假条是真实的，上面有医院的盖章。
This sick leave certificate is genuine, it has the hospital's stamp on it.
真实 (zhēnshí) means 'genuine' or 'true'. 盖章 (gàizhāng) means 'stamp' or 'seal'.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
我需要一张病假条。
Wǒ xūyào yī zhāng bìngjiàtiáo. (I need a sick leave certificate.)
你能帮我开病假条吗？
Nǐ néng bāng wǒ kāi bìngjiàtiáo ma? (Can you help me get a sick leave certificate issued?)
我把病假条带来了。
Wǒ bǎ bìngjiàtiáo dài láile. (I brought the sick leave certificate.)
公司要求病假条。
Gōngsī yāoqiú bìngjiàtiáo. (The company requires a sick leave certificate.)
请出示你的病假条。
Qǐng chūshì nǐde bìngjiàtiáo. (Please show your sick leave certificate.)
他没有病假条。
Tā méiyǒu bìngjiàtiáo. (He doesn't have a sick leave certificate.)
这个病假条是真的吗？
Zhège bìngjiàtiáo shì zhēnde ma? (Is this sick leave certificate real?)
我需要一个星期的病假条。
Wǒ xūyào yī gè xīngqī de bìngjiàtiáo. (I need a sick leave certificate for one week.)
请提交你的病假条到人事部。
Qǐng tíjiāo nǐde bìngjiàtiáo dào rénshìbù. (Please submit your sick leave certificate to HR.)
我的病假条过期了。
Wǒde bìngjiàtiáo guòqī le. (My sick leave certificate has expired.)
Often Confused With
This is a more general term for any leave slip, including sick leave. '病假条' is a specific type of '假条'.
This is a very close synonym. '病假条' specifically implies the purpose is for sick leave, often for employers/schools. '医生证明' can be more general proof from a doctor for various reasons.
This refers to the report from a doctor's visit, detailing diagnosis and treatment. While related to being sick, it's not the same as the official 'sick leave certificate' itself.
Idioms & Expressions
"请病假"
To ask for sick leave.
我今天生病了，想请病假。 (I'm sick today, I'd like to ask for sick leave.)
neutral"开病假条"
To write a sick leave certificate.
医生给我开了一张病假条。 (The doctor wrote me a sick leave certificate.)
neutral"提交病假条"
To submit a sick leave certificate.
请尽快提交你的病假条。 (Please submit your sick leave certificate as soon as possible.)
neutral"批准病假"
To approve sick leave.
公司批准了我的病假。 (The company approved my sick leave.)
neutral"病假期间"
During sick leave.
病假期间，请好好休息。 (Please rest well during your sick leave.)
neutral"延长病假"
To extend sick leave.
我的病还没好，需要延长病假。 (I'm not well yet, I need to extend my sick leave.)
neutral"销假"
To report back to work after leave.
我的病好了，明天就可以销假了。 (I'm well now, I can report back to work tomorrow.)
neutral"带薪病假"
Paid sick leave.
我们公司有带薪病假。 (Our company has paid sick leave.)
neutral"无薪病假"
Unpaid sick leave.
我申请了无薪病假。 (I applied for unpaid sick leave.)
neutral"病假福利"
Sick leave benefits.
了解你的病假福利很重要。 (It's important to understand your sick leave benefits.)
neutralEasily Confused
Both involve 'leave' and 'certificate', but the purpose is different.
"请假条" is a general leave application form for any kind of leave (e.g., personal leave, vacation), whereas "病假条" specifically refers to sick leave.
我写了一张请假条，明天想请一天事假。 (I wrote a leave application form, I want to take a day off for personal matters tomorrow.)
They both relate to sick leave.
"病假" refers to the sick leave itself (the time off), while "病假条" is the document that justifies that leave.
我请了两天病假。 (I took two days of sick leave.)
Both can mean 'certificate' or 'proof'.
"证明" is a general term for any kind of proof or certification. "病假条" is a specific type of certificate for sick leave.
你需要一份收入证明。 (You need an income certificate.)
Both are 'documents' and can be 'reports'.
"报告" typically refers to a general report, like a work report or a medical report (describing findings). "病假条" is specifically a note for absence due to illness.
医生给我出了一份检查报告。 (The doctor gave me a medical examination report.)
Both are 'slips' or 'notes'.
"收据" is a receipt for payment or goods. "病假条" is a document for sick leave.
请给我一张收据。 (Please give me a receipt.)
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
How to Use It
A 病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo) is a sick leave certificate, often required by employers or schools to prove an illness and justify absence from work or study. You'll typically get this from a doctor after a medical consultation. It's a formal document, so treat it as such. Think of it as the Chinese equivalent of a doctor's note for sick leave.
One common mistake is confusing 病假条 with just a verbal announcement of being sick. While you might inform your boss you're unwell, a 病假条 is the official document. Another mistake is using it for non-medical reasons; it's specifically for sickness. Also, don't try to get one without actually seeing a doctor, as that's dishonest and can have consequences. Sometimes learners might try to translate 'sick note' directly, but 病假条 is the established and correct term.
Test Yourself 78 questions
I need a sick leave certificate.
The doctor gave me a sick leave certificate.
Can you help me ask for sick leave? I need a sick leave certificate.
Read this aloud:
我需要病假条。
Focus: 病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
医生会给我病假条。
Focus: 医生 (yīshēng)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
请给我一张病假条。
Focus: 请 (qǐng)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
如果你生病了需要请假，你的老板可能会让你提供什么？
生病请假需要“病假条”来证明。
老师说，如果你明天不能来上课，需要拿一张______给她。
不能上课通常是因为生病，需要提供“病假条”。
小明发烧了，医生给他开了一张______。
医生会给生病的人开“病假条”以便请假。
如果你身体不舒服，不需要病假条也可以请假。
在很多情况下，生病请假是需要提供病假条的。
病假条是医生为你开的，证明你生病了。
是的，病假条通常由医生提供，证明你的健康状况。
请假时，你可以用机票代替病假条。
机票是旅行证明，不能作为生病请假的证明。
The doctor gave me a sick leave certificate.
You need a sick leave certificate to take time off.
I gave the sick leave certificate to my boss.
Read this aloud:
我需要一张病假条。
Focus: bìng jià tiáo
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
医生会给我开病假条吗？
Focus: kāi bìng jià tiáo
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
请把病假条给我。
Focus: qǐng bǎ bìng jià tiáo gěi wǒ
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
The doctor gave me a sick leave certificate.
You need a sick leave certificate to take time off.
I submitted the sick leave certificate to the company.
Read this aloud:
请问，我需要病假条吗？
Focus: bìng jià tiáo
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我今天生病了，需要一张病假条。
Focus: bìng jià tiáo
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我的病假条可以请三天假。
Focus: bìng jià tiáo
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence means 'need a sick leave certificate'. The common structure is 'Subject + 需要 (need) + number/measure word + noun'.
This sentence means 'He took sick leave'. 请病假 (qǐng bìngjià) means 'to ask for sick leave' or 'to take sick leave'.
This sentence means 'The doctor gave me a sick leave certificate'. The structure '给 (gěi) someone + verb' means 'do something for someone'. 开 (kāi) means 'to issue' or 'to write' in this context.
如果你身体不舒服需要请假，通常需要医生开具一份______。
When you are sick and need to take time off, a doctor's sick leave certificate (病假条) is usually required.
他因为感冒发烧，所以向公司提交了医生的______。
He submitted the doctor's sick leave certificate (病假条) to the company because of a cold and fever.
请假前，务必准备好医生的______，以便顺利办理请假手续。
Before taking leave, be sure to prepare the doctor's sick leave certificate (病假条) to facilitate the leave application process.
公司规定，请病假超过三天必须提供______。
Company policy states that a sick leave certificate (病假条) must be provided for sick leave exceeding three days.
老师，我今天身体不适，可以请病假吗？我会尽快补上______。
Teacher, I'm not feeling well today, can I take sick leave? I will submit the sick leave certificate (病假条) as soon as possible.
办理住院手续时，医生会开具______给你。
When completing hospitalization procedures, the doctor will issue a sick leave certificate (病假条) to you.
The speaker is talking about needing to submit something to their company that a doctor gave them.
The sentence discusses a requirement for sick leave approval at a company.
The speaker is advising someone to bring a document for precaution.
Read this aloud:
我需要医生给我开一张病假条。
Focus: 病假条 (bìngjiàtiáo)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
公司要求我提交病假条。
Focus: 要求 (yāoqiú)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
你有没有把病假条交给你的经理？
Focus: 经理 (jīnglǐ)
You said:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This sentence asks if someone needs a sick leave certificate. The structure is 'Subject + Verb + Object + Question Particle'.
This sentence means 'The doctor issued me a sick leave certificate.' The structure is 'Subject + Indirect Object + Verb + Quantity Word + Object'.
This sentence means 'Please hand in the sick leave certificate to Human Resources.' The '把' (bǎ) structure is used to indicate what is done with an object.
因为感冒，他不得不向老板请了___。
Contextually, '感冒' (cold) leads to needing a 'sick leave certificate' (病假条). '假条' is too general, '请假条' is a leave request, and '休假条' is a vacation leave slip.
医生给我开了一张___，证明我需要休息三天。
A doctor issues a 'sick leave certificate' (病假条) to confirm the need for rest due to illness. '诊断书' is a diagnosis, '证明书' is a general certificate, and '医嘱' is a doctor's order.
她把___交给了公司的人事部。
A 'sick leave certificate' (病假条) is what you submit to HR when you are sick. '申请表' is an application form, '请假信' is a leave letter, and '工作报告' is a work report.
如果没有___，公司可能不会批准你的病假申请。
To get sick leave approved, a 'sick leave certificate' (病假条) is usually required. '医生证明' is a doctor's certificate, '医院报告' is a hospital report, and '健康证' is a health certificate, none of which specifically refer to a sick leave document.
这份___上写明了我需要休息一周。
The 'sick leave certificate' (病假条) is the document that specifies the duration of your sick leave. '通知' is a notice, '文件' is a document, and '声明' is a statement.
他因为生病请假，并提供了医生开具的___。
When taking sick leave, a 'sick leave certificate' (病假条) issued by a doctor is typically required. '收据' is a receipt, '处方' is a prescription, and '证明' is a general certificate.
If you need to ask for sick leave, what document do you typically need to provide to your employer in China?
In China, a '病假条' (sick leave certificate) is the official document required by employers when an employee takes sick leave.
Your boss asks for '病假条'. What is he asking for?
The term '病假条' literally translates to 'sick leave certificate', which is a medical certificate used to prove illness and justify absence from work.
Which of the following situations would most likely require a '病假条'?
A '病假条' is specifically for documenting sick leave. Extended illness that prevents work is a classic scenario for needing one.
A '病假条' is typically issued by a school for a student who is absent due to illness.
While schools may have their own procedures, a '病假条' is primarily associated with employees needing to provide proof of illness to their employer for sick leave.
You can get a '病假条' from any store or shop.
A '病假条' must be issued by a medical professional or institution, such as a hospital or clinic, to be considered valid.
If you are feeling unwell and cannot go to work, you will likely need to provide a '病假条' to your company.
This is a standard requirement in many workplaces for employees taking sick leave, especially for multiple days.
You need to take two days off work due to a sudden illness. Write a short message to your boss explaining your situation and mentioning that you will provide a sick leave certificate upon your return. Be polite and professional.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
老板，您好。很抱歉通知您，我今天突然生病了，需要请两天病假。我会在周三回到办公室后把病假条交给您。给您带来不便，敬请谅解。
Imagine you are a doctor. A patient needs a sick leave certificate for a week. Write the essential information that should be included on the certificate for a common cold. Include dates and a brief diagnosis.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
诊断证明 患者：[患者姓名] 诊断：普通感冒 建议：建议休息一周，自[起始日期]至[结束日期]。 医生签名：[医生姓名] 日期：[当前日期]
You are a student who missed an important exam because you were sick. Write an email to your professor requesting a make-up exam and stating that you have a sick leave certificate to prove your absence.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
尊敬的教授，您好。 我是[你的名字]，是您[课程名称]课的学生。很抱歉，我因为突发疾病未能参加本周一的期中考试。我已取得病假条，可以证明我的缺席。恳请您能给我一次补考的机会。感谢您的理解和帮助。
根据短文，小张什么时候会把病假条交给人事部？
Read this passage:
小张因为突发高烧，昨天不得不请了病假。他今天去医院看了医生，医生给他开了一张病假条，建议他休息三天。他打算明天就把病假条交给人事部。
根据短文，小张什么时候会把病假条交给人事部？
短文中明确提到“他打算明天就把病假条交给人事部。”
短文中明确提到“他打算明天就把病假条交给人事部。”
根据公司规定，如果员工请病假两天，是否需要部门经理审批？
Read this passage:
请假流程：员工因病请假，需提供医生开具的病假条。若请假时间超过三天，除病假条外，还需提前向部门经理报备。未经审批的病假将按旷工处理。
根据公司规定，如果员工请病假两天，是否需要部门经理审批？
短文中提到“若请假时间超过三天，除病假条外，还需提前向部门经理报备。”，因此两天不需要。
短文中提到“若请假时间超过三天，除病假条外，还需提前向部门经理报备。”，因此两天不需要。
除了病假条，王经理还需要什么才能顺利请到病假？
Read this passage:
王经理今天上午打电话给秘书，说他得了重感冒，需要请一周病假。秘书提醒他，根据公司规定，请病假必须提交医生开具的病假条，而且需要他的直属上级签字批准。
除了病假条，王经理还需要什么才能顺利请到病假？
短文中明确指出“需要他的直属上级签字批准。”
短文中明确指出“需要他的直属上级签字批准。”
This sentence means 'He needs a sick leave certificate to ask for leave.' The correct order is to start with the subject, then the verb and object, followed by the condition for taking leave.
This sentence means 'The doctor issued him a sick leave certificate.' The structure is 'Doctor (subject) + to him (indirect object) + issued (verb) + a sick leave certificate (direct object).'
This sentence means 'To take leave, you need to provide a sick leave certificate as proof.' The action '请假' (taking leave) is followed by what is '需要' (needed), which is '提供病假条' (to provide a sick leave certificate), and then '作为证明' (as proof).
如果你生病了需要请假，通常需要向公司提交什么文件？
生病请假时，公司通常会要求提供医生开具的“病假条”作为证明。
小明因为感冒不能上班，他应该去哪里获取“病假条”？
“病假条”是医生开具的证明，所以需要在医院或诊所才能获得。
以下哪种情况最可能需要“病假条”？
“病假条”是用来证明因病请假的，所以因病无法工作是最需要它的情况。
只有住院才能开病假条。
即使是门诊看病，医生也可以根据病情开具病假条。
病假条可以由患者自己填写。
病假条必须由医生填写并盖章，个人填写无效。
公司通常会要求提供病假条以核实请假原因。
为了确保请假的真实性，公司通常会要求员工提供病假条。
/ 78 correct
Perfect score!
Example
他需要一张病假条才能请假。
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一粒
A2One pill; a grain (for small, round objects like pills).
一片
A2One tablet; a slice (for flat objects like pills).
不正常
A2abnormal
以上
A2Above, over (a number)
酸痛
A2Sore; aching (especially muscles).
倒是
A2On the contrary; actually.
针灸
A2Acupuncture; traditional Chinese therapy.
扎针
A2to give an injection
急性
B1acute (illness)
急性病
B1Acute disease.
