Skin is the body's outer protective covering, crucial for health and sensory perception.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Outer protective layer of the body.
- Covers humans and animals.
- Related to health, beauty, and touch.
Overview
皮肤（pífū）是构成我们身体最外层的器官，它像一道屏障，保护着我们免受外界环境的侵害。从生物学角度看，皮肤由表皮、真皮和皮下组织三层构成，每一层都承担着特定的功能。它不仅是身体的保护罩，更是我们感知世界的重要媒介，通过皮肤上的神经末梢，我们可以感受到冷热、触碰和疼痛。同时，皮肤在维持体温恒定、排泄废物（如通过汗液）以及合成维生素D等方面也起着至关重要的作用。
在日常交流中，“皮肤”一词的使用非常普遍，通常指代人或动物的体表覆盖物。它可以用来描述皮肤的健康状况（如“皮肤干燥”、“皮肤过敏”），皮肤的颜色（如“皮肤白皙”、“皮肤黝黑”），或者与皮肤相关的护理和美容话题（如“护肤品”、“皮肤科医生”）。在更广泛的意义上，有时也可能引申指事物的“外表”或“表层”，但这种情况相对较少，且需要根据上下文判断。
- 1健康与医疗：讨论皮肤疾病、过敏反应、晒伤、伤口愈合等。例如：“他的皮肤对阳光过敏。” 2. 美容与护理：谈论化妆品、护肤品、皮肤清洁、美白、抗衰老等。例如：“我需要买一些新的护肤品来改善我的皮肤状况。” 3. 日常生活：描述天气对皮肤的影响、运动后的出汗、受伤后的淤青等。例如：“冬天天气干燥，我的皮肤很容易裂开。” 4. 动物学：描述动物的体表特征。例如：“蛇的皮肤覆盖着鳞片。”
- 1肌肤 (jīfū)：'肌肤' 比 '皮肤' 更具文学色彩和书面语的意味，常用于诗歌、散文或高端护肤品广告中，强调皮肤的细腻、光滑和健康美感。例如：“她拥有吹弹可破的肌肤。” 2. 皮 (pí)：'皮' 是一个更基础、更口语化的词，可以指皮肤，也可以指水果、木材等的表层，或者动物的毛皮。在指人或动物的皮肤时，通常用于较不正式的场合，或指皮肤的某个特定状态（如“破皮了”）。例如：“小心，别把手皮弄破了。” 3. 表皮 (biǎopí)：'表皮' 是一个更专业的生物学词汇，特指皮肤的最外层，即上皮组织。它通常在科学讨论或医学语境中使用。例如：“表皮细胞的更新速度很快。”
Examples
夏天到了，要注意防晒，保护好皮肤。
everydaySummer is here, pay attention to sun protection to protect your skin.
这位患者的皮肤出现了红疹，需要尽快就医。
medicalThis patient's skin has developed a rash and requires prompt medical attention.
她每天都花很多时间在护肤上，她的皮肤看起来非常好。
informalShe spends a lot of time on skincare every day, and her skin looks very good.
研究表明，长期暴露在紫外线下会严重损害皮肤细胞。
academicResearch indicates that prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation can severely damage skin cells.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
皮肤过敏
skin allergy
皮肤干燥
dry skin
护肤
skincare
Often Confused With
'肌肤' is a more literary and formal term for skin, often used in contexts emphasizing beauty and smoothness, like in poetry or high-end cosmetics advertising. '皮肤' is the general, everyday term.
'皮' is a broader and more colloquial term. It can refer to skin, but also to the peel of fruits, bark of trees, or the hide of animals. When referring to human skin, it's often used in more informal situations or for specific conditions like a cut.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word '皮肤' is a neutral term suitable for most contexts, from everyday conversations to medical discussions. When discussing beauty or a more refined appearance, '肌肤' might be preferred. Avoid using '皮' when a precise term for human skin is needed, unless the context is clearly informal.
Common Mistakes
Learners might overuse the word '皮' when referring to human skin in formal settings. Also, confusing '皮肤' (skin) with '皮' (peel or hide) can lead to misunderstandings. Ensure you use '皮肤' when specifically talking about the outer covering of the human or animal body.
Tips
Think of Skin as a Shield
Imagine your skin as a protective shield for your body, keeping harmful things out and important things in.
Be Careful with '皮'
While '皮' can mean skin, it's often more informal or refers to other coverings like fruit peel. Use '皮肤' for clarity when talking about your body.
Skin Tone Perceptions
In some cultures, lighter skin tones have historically been associated with higher social status, though this perception is evolving globally.
Word Origin
The character '皮' (pí) originally depicted an animal hide being peeled or stretched. '肤' (fū) also refers to skin. Together, '皮肤' clearly denotes the outer covering of the body.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, maintaining clear and healthy skin is often valued, especially for women, and is linked to overall well-being and attractiveness. Skincare routines are very popular.
Memory Tip
Think of '皮肤' (pífū) as the 'protective covering' (pī - peel/hide, fū - cover/wrap). It's the body's natural wrap that shields you.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions“皮肤”是通用词，指身体外部的覆盖层。“肌肤”更偏向书面语和文学色彩，常用来形容健康、细腻、光滑的皮肤状态，尤其在美容领域使用。
偶尔可以，但不太常见。比如形容事物的“外表”或“表面层”，但通常需要明确的语境才能被理解，否则容易引起混淆。
皮肤是身体的第一道防线，能抵御细菌和病毒。它还能帮助调节体温，让我们感知冷热、疼痛等，对维持生命和与外界互动至关重要。
常见的搭配有：干燥的皮肤、过敏的皮肤、白皙的皮肤、粗糙的皮肤、护肤品、皮肤科、皮肤病等。
Test Yourself
我的______在冬天特别容易干燥。
句子描述的是身体外部容易干燥的部分，最符合的是“皮肤”。
皮肤的主要功能不包括以下哪一项？
消化食物是消化系统的功能，与皮肤无关。皮肤的主要功能是保护、感觉和体温调节。
请用“皮肤”、“需要”、“护理”、“健康”组成一个句子。
“健康的皮肤需要护理”是最自然、最符合逻辑的表达方式，说明保持皮肤健康需要进行适当的护理。
Score: /3
Summary
Skin is the body's outer protective covering, crucial for health and sensory perception.
- Outer protective layer of the body.
- Covers humans and animals.
- Related to health, beauty, and touch.
Think of Skin as a Shield
Imagine your skin as a protective shield for your body, keeping harmful things out and important things in.
Be Careful with '皮'
While '皮' can mean skin, it's often more informal or refers to other coverings like fruit peel. Use '皮肤' for clarity when talking about your body.
Skin Tone Perceptions
In some cultures, lighter skin tones have historically been associated with higher social status, though this perception is evolving globally.
Examples
4 of 4夏天到了，要注意防晒，保护好皮肤。
Summer is here, pay attention to sun protection to protect your skin.
这位患者的皮肤出现了红疹，需要尽快就医。
This patient's skin has developed a rash and requires prompt medical attention.
她每天都花很多时间在护肤上，她的皮肤看起来非常好。
She spends a lot of time on skincare every day, and her skin looks very good.
研究表明，长期暴露在紫外线下会严重损害皮肤细胞。
Research indicates that prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation can severely damage skin cells.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Grammar Rules
Related Vocabulary
More body words
消化道
A2digestive tract
流汗
A2to sweat
发抖
B1to tremble, to shiver
高矮
A2Height (of a person)
手指
A2finger
脚趾
A2toe
排尿
B1to urinate
心脏
A2Heart; a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood.
肌肉
A2Muscle; a band of fibrous tissue that contracts.
脖子
A2Neck; the part of a body connecting the head to the torso.
