The Persian verb ختم کردن (khatm kardan) means to finish or to conclude something. You use it when an action or event comes to an end. For example, if you finish your homework, you can use this verb. It's a common and practical verb to know.
You'll often hear
ختم کردن (khatm kardan) used when someone finishes something. Think of it like saying "to finish up" or "to conclude."
For example, if you're done with a project, you could say you ختم کردن (khatm kardan) it. It's a practical verb to know for everyday situations.
When you're speaking Persian at a B1 level, you'll often need to talk about finishing things. The verb ختم_کردن is a really useful one for this. It means 'to conclude' or 'to bring to an end.'
You can use it when you're talking about finishing a meeting, ending a speech, or even concluding a chapter in a book. It's a versatile verb that helps you express the completion of an action or event clearly and directly.
Think of it as a go-to word when you want to signal that something has come to its natural or intended close.
When using the verb "ختم کردن" (khatm kardan) at a C1 level, it's important to grasp its nuanced applications beyond just simply 'finishing.' While it does mean 'to finish' or 'to conclude,' it often implies a more formal or definitive ending to something, rather than just completing a task.
You might use it when referring to the conclusion of a project, a meeting, a ceremony, or even a period of study. For instance, you would say a graduation ceremony "ختم شد" (khatm shod) meaning it concluded, rather than simply "تمام شد" (tamām shod), which is more general.
Consider the context carefully: is the ending final, formal, or a significant milestone? If so, "ختم کردن" is likely the more appropriate and precise verb to use to convey that sense of finality and completion.
When we talk about "ختم_کردن" (khatm kardan) at a C2 level, we're looking beyond its basic meaning of 'to finish' or 'to conclude.' At this advanced stage, you'll encounter its more nuanced uses, especially in formal or literary contexts.
For instance, it can imply a definitive or even ceremonial ending, such as concluding a formal meeting, a legal process, or a significant life event like studies. It also appears in idiomatic expressions where the 'ending' might be less about a physical termination and more about resolution or finalization, often carrying a sense of closure or completeness.
Understanding its precise connotation in various sophisticated texts and conversations is key to C2 proficiency.
ختم_کردن in 30 Sekunden
- to finish
- to complete
- to conclude
§ What does "ختم کردن" mean?
The Persian verb "ختم کردن" (khatm kardan) is a common and practical word that means "to bring to an end" or "to conclude." Think of it as finishing something, wrapping it up, or completing a task. It's used in many everyday situations, so mastering it will significantly boost your Persian communication skills.
- DEFINITION
- To bring to an end; to conclude; to finish.
You'll hear "ختم کردن" used in various contexts, from simple daily activities to more formal discussions. It's a versatile verb that expresses the completion or termination of an action, event, or process.
§ Common Uses of "ختم کردن"
Here are some common situations where "ختم کردن" is used:
- Finishing a task or work: This is perhaps the most frequent use. If you've completed your homework, a project, or your daily chores, you can use "ختم کردن."
- Ending a meeting or conversation: When a discussion comes to a close, this verb is appropriate.
- Concluding a book or a course: If you've read the last page of a novel or finished all the lessons in a class, "ختم کردن" fits perfectly.
- Terminating a relationship or agreement: In more formal or serious contexts, it can refer to bringing an end to a relationship, a contract, or an agreement.
- Completing a prayer or religious ritual: In some religious contexts, it refers to the completion of a specific prayer or ritual.
§ Examples in Context
Let's look at some practical examples to see how "ختم کردن" works in sentences. Pay attention to the context to fully grasp its meaning.
من کارم را ختم کردم و الان می توانم استراحت کنم.
English hint: I finished my work and now I can rest.
جلسه راس ساعت پنج ختم می شود.
English hint: The meeting concludes at five o'clock sharp.
امیدوارم این بحث به زودی ختم شود.
English hint: I hope this discussion ends soon.
او دوره ی آموزشی خود را با موفقیت ختم کرد.
English hint: He successfully completed his training course.
§ Important things to remember
For example:
- Present tense: من ختم میکنم (man khatm mikonam - I conclude/finish)
- Past tense: او ختم کرد (u khatm kard - He/She concluded/finished)
- Future tense: ما ختم خواهیم کرد (mā khatm khāhim kard - We will conclude/finish)
Another thing to keep in mind is that while "ختم کردن" can often be replaced by other verbs like "تمام کردن" (tamām kardan - to finish/complete) or "به پایان رساندن" (be pāyān rasāndan - to bring to an end), "ختم کردن" sometimes carries a slightly more formal or definitive nuance. It implies a clear and intentional termination.
§ Practice makes perfect
To truly get comfortable with "ختم کردن," try to use it in your own sentences. Think about activities you finish every day. Did you finish your breakfast? Did you finish watching a movie? Did you finish a chapter in a book? The more you practice, the more naturally it will come to you.
§ What 'ختم کردن' Means
- Definition
- To bring to an end, to conclude, to finish, or to complete something.
You might think of 'تمام کردن' (tamām kardan) as the main verb for 'to finish,' and it's true, that's very common. However, 'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) carries a slightly more formal or definitive nuance. It often implies a deliberate or official ending to a process, a meeting, a lecture, or even a life.
§ 'ختم کردن' in the Workplace
In a professional setting, 'ختم کردن' is quite common. You'll hear it when people talk about concluding meetings, projects, or even their contracts. It conveys a sense of finality to a task or event.
- Context
- Concluding a meeting.
جلسه راس ساعت پنج ختم شد.
- Hint
- The meeting was concluded exactly at five o'clock.
- Context
- Finishing a project.
باید این پروژه را تا پایان هفته ختم کنیم.
- Hint
- We must conclude this project by the end of the week.
§ 'ختم کردن' in Academic Settings
In universities and schools, 'ختم کردن' is frequently used for lectures, courses, or even academic programs. It marks the official end of a learning period or a specific educational event.
- Context
- Concluding a lecture.
استاد سخنرانی خود را با یک سوال ختم کرد.
- Hint
- The professor concluded his lecture with a question.
- Context
- Finishing a course.
دانشجویان دوره زبان فارسی را با موفقیت ختم کردند.
- Hint
- The students successfully concluded the Persian language course.
§ 'ختم کردن' in the News and Public Discourse
When you're reading or listening to Persian news, 'ختم کردن' is often used to describe the end of an official period, a diplomatic mission, or even a life (in a formal context). It gives a gravitas to the ending.
- Context
- Concluding negotiations.
مذاکرات پس از چند ساعت بحث به ختم رسید.
- Hint
- The negotiations concluded after several hours of discussion.
- Context
- Marking the end of a time period, often historically or ceremonially.
این مراسم به ختم دوره سلطنت منجر شد.
- Hint
- This ceremony led to the conclusion of the monarchy period.
§ Key Takeaways for Using 'ختم کردن'
When you want to convey a sense of a formal, definite, or significant ending, 'ختم کردن' is your go-to verb. It's more about bringing something to a final close rather than just finishing a casual activity. Pay attention to the contexts where native speakers use it, and you'll quickly pick up its nuances.
- Use it for meetings, projects, lectures, courses, and official periods.
- It implies a more structured or important ending compared to 'تمام کردن'.
- Remember the idiom 'به ختم رسیدن' for 'to be concluded'.
How Formal Is It?
"کنفرانس با موفقیت به پایان رسید. (The conference successfully concluded.)"
"من کارم را تمام کردم. (I finished my work.)"
"بچهها بازیشون رو تموم کردن. (The kids finished their game.)"
"بازی تموم شد. (The game is over/finished.)"
"بساط رو جمع کنیم بریم. (Let's pack up and go. / Let's wrap things up and leave.)"
Beispiele nach Niveau
من کار را ختم کردم.
Man kār rā khatm kardam. (I finished the work.)
او جلسه را ختم کرد.
U jaleseh rā khatm kard. (He ended the meeting.)
ما صحبت را ختم کردیم.
Mā sohbat rā khatm kardim. (We concluded the conversation.)
آنها بازی را ختم کردند.
Ānhā bāzi rā khatm kardand. (They finished the game.)
شما درس را ختم کردید.
Shomā dars rā khatm kardid. (You finished the lesson.)
من امروز کارم را ختم میکنم.
Man emrooz kāram rā khatm mikonam. (I will finish my work today.)
او میخواهد کتاب را ختم کند.
U mikhāhad ketāb rā khatm konad. (He wants to finish the book.)
لطفاً فیلم را ختم کنید.
Lotfan film rā khatm konid. (Please finish the movie.)
او میخواهد کارش را امروز ختم کند.
He wants to finish his work today.
جلسه در ساعت چهار ختم شد.
The meeting concluded at four o'clock.
ما باید این بحث را ختم کنیم.
We need to end this discussion.
فیلم با یک پایان خوش ختم شد.
The movie ended with a happy ending.
او تصمیم گرفت رابطهاش را با او ختم کند.
She decided to end her relationship with him.
مذاکرات بدون نتیجهای ختم شد.
The negotiations concluded without any results.
کتاب با مرگ قهرمان داستان ختم میشود.
The book ends with the death of the protagonist.
آنها مسابقه را در وقت اضافه ختم کردند.
They finished the game in extra time.
او سخنرانی خود را با تشکر از حضار ختم کرد.
He ended his speech by thanking the audience.
جلسه با توافق بر سر اهداف جدید ختم شد.
The meeting concluded with an agreement on new objectives.
داستان با یک پایان غیرمنتظره ختم میشود.
The story ends with an unexpected conclusion.
پروژه ساخت و ساز بالاخره هفته گذشته ختم شد.
The construction project finally concluded last week.
معلم کلاس را رأس ساعت مقرر ختم کرد.
The teacher ended the class at the scheduled time.
مذاکرات صلح با امضای قرارداد ختم گردید.
The peace negotiations concluded with the signing of a treaty.
آنها سفر طولانی خود را در پاریس ختم کردند.
They ended their long journey in Paris.
بحث زمانی ختم شد که هیچ کس حرف دیگری برای گفتن نداشت.
The discussion ended when no one had anything else to say.
بعد از ساعت ها بحث و گفتگو، بالاخره جلسه را ختم کردیم.
After hours of discussion, we finally concluded the meeting.
Simple Past Tense
او سخنرانی خود را با نقل قولی از شاعر معروف ختم کرد.
He concluded his speech with a quote from the famous poet.
Simple Past Tense
تصمیم گرفتیم پروژه را به موقع ختم کنیم تا به ضرب الاجل برسیم.
We decided to conclude the project on time to meet the deadline.
Subjunctive Mood
با طلوع آفتاب، شب تاریک بالاخره ختم شد.
With the sunrise, the dark night finally came to an end.
Simple Past Tense
او قصد داشت دوره کارآموزی خود را در پایان ماه ختم کند.
She intended to conclude her internship at the end of the month.
Past Progressive Tense
داستان با پایانی غیرمنتظره و تاثیرگذار ختم شد.
The story concluded with an unexpected and impactful ending.
Simple Past Tense
امیدواریم این درگیری به زودی ختم شود و صلح برقرار گردد.
We hope this conflict will soon come to an end and peace will be established.
Subjunctive Mood
او هرگز سخنان خود را با عذرخواهی ختم نمیکند.
He never concludes his statements with an apology.
Simple Present Tense
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
او جلسه را ختم کرد.
He concluded the meeting.
ما باید این بحث را ختم کنیم.
We must end this discussion.
آنها تصمیم گرفتند پروژه را ختم کنند.
They decided to complete the project.
آیا می خواهید سخنرانی خود را ختم کنید؟
Do you want to finish your speech?
این رابطه باید ختم شود.
This relationship needs to end.
بالاخره دعوا ختم شد.
Finally, the fight ended.
من نمی خواهم بازی را ختم کنم.
I don't want to end the game.
چگونه می توانیم این کتاب را ختم کنیم؟
How can we finish this book?
خدمت او در ارتش ختم شد.
His service in the army ended.
تحقیقات هنوز ختم نشده است.
The investigations have not concluded yet.
Wird oft verwechselt mit
This is the direct opposite of 'ختم_کردن'. While 'ختم_کردن' brings something to an end, 'شروع_کردن' initiates it.
This implies prolonging something, whereas 'ختم_کردن' means to stop or finish it.
While 'متوقف_کردن' can seem similar, it often implies a temporary cessation or an interruption, not necessarily a definitive conclusion like 'ختم_کردن'.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
"ختم کلام"
The end of the speech; in conclusion.
و ختم کلام، امیدوارم که همگی از این جلسه بهره برده باشید.
neutral"خیر و ختم به خیر شدن"
To have a good ending; to end well.
با تلاش همه، پروژه به خیر و ختم به خیر شد.
neutral"ختم به خیر کن!"
Bring it to a good end! (often used to encourage someone to finish something successfully)
این کار را شروع کردی، حالا ختم به خیر کن!
informal"کار را ختم کردن"
To finish the work; to conclude the task.
ما باید قبل از غروب آفتاب کار را ختم کنیم.
neutral"ختم مجلس"
The end of the gathering/assembly.
با اعلام خاتمه جلسه، همه از ختم مجلس مطلع شدند.
formal"ختم پرونده"
Closing a file/case.
بعد از بررسیهای دقیق، پرونده ختم شد.
formal"ختم غائله"
To end a dispute/conflict.
با میانجیگری بزرگان، غائله ختم شد.
neutral"ختم کردن به"
To lead to; to result in.
تلاشهای او به موفقیت ختم شد.
neutral"به ختم رسیدن"
To reach an end; to be concluded.
داستان بالاخره به ختم رسید.
neutral"ختم عملیات"
End of operations.
بعد از ساعتها جستجو، ختم عملیات اعلام شد.
formalLeicht verwechselbar
Both 'ختم_کردن' and 'پایان_دادن' mean 'to end' or 'to finish'. The distinction lies in their nuance and common usage.
'ختم_کردن' often implies a formal or definite conclusion, like ending a meeting or a project. 'پایان_دادن' can be more general, referring to the end of an activity or a situation.
او جلسه را ختم_کرد. (He concluded the meeting.) / او به کارش پایان_داد. (He finished his work.)
'تمام_کردن' also means 'to finish' or 'to complete', similar to 'ختم_کردن'.
'تمام_کردن' usually refers to the completion of a task, an action, or using something up. While 'ختم_کردن' can be used for tasks, it often carries a more formal or definitive sense of bringing something to a close.
من کتاب را تمام_کردم. (I finished the book.) / مراسم با سخنرانی ختم_شد. (The ceremony concluded with a speech.)
This phrase directly translates to 'to bring to completion', making it very close in meaning to 'ختم_کردن'.
'به_اتمام_رساندن' is a more formal and slightly more emphatic way of saying 'to finish' or 'to complete' something, often a project or a long-term task. 'ختم_کردن' can be used in a broader range of contexts, including simply concluding a conversation.
آنها پروژه را به_اتمام_رساندند. (They completed the project.) / بحث با یک توافق ختم_شد. (The discussion concluded with an agreement.)
While 'منقضی_شدن' means 'to expire' or 'to run out', which is a type of ending, it's often confused due to the general idea of something coming to a stop.
'منقضی_شدن' specifically refers to a time limit running out, often for documents, licenses, or products. 'ختم_کردن' is about an active decision to conclude something or a process reaching its end.
تاریخ انقضای پاسپورت من منقضی_شده_است. (My passport's expiration date has expired.) / سخنرانی به_زودی ختم_می_شود. (The speech will conclude soon.)
'لغو_کردن' means 'to cancel', which results in something ending, causing confusion.
'لغو_کردن' implies an active decision to call off or invalidate something that was planned or in progress. 'ختم_کردن' means to bring something to its natural or intended conclusion, or a formal ending.
ما پروازمان را لغو_کردیم. (We canceled our flight.) / جلسه ساعت ۵ ختم_شد. (The meeting concluded at 5 o'clock.)
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Adjektive
Tipps
Use with formal events
You'll often hear 'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) when talking about ending a formal event like a meeting, a ceremony, or a lecture.
Think 'conclude'
A good English equivalent to remember is 'to conclude'. It captures the sense of a definitive ending.
Past tense is common
It's very common to use 'ختم کردن' in the past tense when talking about things that have already finished. For example, 'جلسه ختم شد' (jalese khatm shod) - 'The meeting concluded'.
Not for casual endings
Avoid using 'ختم کردن' for very casual or informal endings, like finishing a snack or turning off a light. For those, you'd use other verbs like 'تمام کردن' (tamām kardan).
Focus on completion
The verb emphasizes the idea of bringing something to its full completion or a formal close.
Don't confuse with 'تمام کردن'
While 'تمام کردن' (tamām kardan) also means 'to finish', 'ختم کردن' has a more formal or definitive tone, often implying finality.
Religious context
In a religious context, 'ختم کردن' can refer to the completion of reciting a holy book or a series of prayers.
Noun form 'ختم'
The noun form 'ختم' (khatm) itself means 'end' or 'conclusion', and it's also used in phrases like 'مراسم ختم' (marāsem-e khatm) for a funeral ceremony.
Practice with sentences
Try forming simple sentences like: 'ما پروژه را ختم کردیم.' (Mā prōzhe rā khatm kardim.) - 'We concluded the project.' This helps solidify understanding.
Listen for usage
Pay attention to how native speakers use 'ختم کردن' in different contexts. You'll notice it often implies a formal closure.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Finishing a task or project.
- من پروژه را ختم کردم. (I finished the project.)
- او کارش را ختم نکرد. (He didn't finish his work.)
- کی می خوای این بحث رو ختم کنی؟ (When are you going to conclude this discussion?)
Concluding a meeting or speech.
- جلسه رو ختم می کنیم. (We are concluding the meeting.)
- سخنرانی خود را ختم کرد. (He concluded his speech.)
- بعد از چند دقیقه، او بحث را ختم کرد. (After a few minutes, he concluded the discussion.)
Ending a relationship or period of time.
- رابطه ی آنها ختم شد. (Their relationship ended.)
- دوران دانشجویی من ختم شد. (My student life ended.)
- این دوره به زودی ختم می شود. (This period will end soon.)
Bringing an argument or conflict to a close.
- بیایید این دعوا را ختم کنیم. (Let's end this argument.)
- او سعی کرد درگیری را ختم کند. (He tried to conclude the conflict.)
- آنها بالاخره نزاع را ختم کردند. (They finally ended the dispute.)
Finishing a book or chapter.
- من کتاب را ختم کردم. (I finished the book.)
- او فصل اول را ختم کرد. (She finished the first chapter.)
- کی داستان رو ختم می کنی؟ (When will you finish the story?)
Gesprächseinstiege
"آیا تا به حال مجبور شده اید چیزی را قبل از اینکه می خواستید ختم کنید؟ (Have you ever had to end something before you wanted to?)"
"وقتی یک پروژه بزرگ را ختم می کنید چه احساسی دارید؟ (How do you feel when you conclude a big project?)"
"آیا دوست دارید سریع یک مکالمه را ختم کنید یا ترجیح می دهید ادامه دهید؟ (Do you like to end a conversation quickly or do you prefer to continue it?)"
"وقتی یک بحث را ختم می کنید، معمولاً چگونه این کار را می کنید؟ (When you conclude an argument, how do you usually do it?)"
"چه چیزی باعث می شود شما یک کتاب یا فیلم را قبل از دیدن پایانش ختم کنید؟ (What makes you stop a book or movie before seeing the end?)"
Tagebuch-Impulse
درباره زمانی بنویسید که مجبور بودید یک پروژه مهم را ختم کنید. (Write about a time you had to conclude an important project.)
درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک رابطه را ختم کردید و چه درس هایی از آن گرفتید. (Write about a time you ended a relationship and what lessons you learned from it.)
درباره بهترین راه برای ختم یک بحث یا نزاع بنویسید. (Write about the best way to conclude an argument or dispute.)
درباره اینکه چگونه یک روز کاری خود را ختم می کنید و برای روز بعد آماده می شوید بنویسید. (Write about how you conclude your workday and prepare for the next day.)
درباره اینکه چه چیزی برای شما سخت است که آن را ختم کنید و چرا بنویسید. (Write about what is difficult for you to end and why.)
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenYou can use it like this: مراسم در ساعت 5 عصر ختم شد. (The ceremony concluded at 5 PM.) or او سخنرانی خود را با یک داستان ختم کرد. (He ended his speech with a story.)
It's generally more on the formal side, suitable for written text and formal speeches, but you'll hear it in everyday conversation too. It's a versatile word.
Both mean 'to finish' or 'to end,' but 'ختم کردن' often implies a more definitive or official conclusion, like a ceremony or a long process. 'تمام کردن' is more general, like finishing a task or a meal.
Yes, you can say: من کتاب را ختم کردم. (I finished the book.) It implies you've read it from beginning to end.
Not really in a common context. Its primary meaning revolves around concluding or ending something. In some religious contexts, it can refer to the completion of reading the entire Quran.
Besides 'تمام کردن', you can also consider words like 'پایان دادن' (to put an end to) or 'به اتمام رساندن' (to bring to completion), though these might be even more formal.
'ختم کردن' is a compound verb. You conjugate 'کردن' (to do/make). So, for example: من ختم میکنم (I conclude), تو ختم کردی (You concluded), او ختم خواهد کرد (He/She will conclude).
Yes, the noun 'ختم' (khatm) means 'end', 'conclusion', or 'completion'. For example, مراسم ختم (funeral ceremony, literally 'ceremony of conclusion').
Indirectly. When referring to someone's life ending, you'd typically use phrases like 'فوت کردن' (to pass away) or 'درگذشتن' (to die). However, 'مراسم ختم' is the common term for a funeral ceremony.
A common mistake is overusing it in situations where 'تمام کردن' would be more natural. Remember, 'ختم کردن' often implies a more significant or final conclusion. Also, make sure to conjugate 'کردن' correctly.
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من کارم را ___ کردم. (man kaaram raa ___ kardam.)
The sentence means 'I finished my work.' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish.
او کتاب را ___ کرد. (oo ketaab raa ___ kard.)
The sentence means 'He finished the book.' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish or conclude.
ما غذا را ___ کردیم. (maa ghazaa raa ___ kardim.)
The sentence means 'We finished the food.' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish.
آیا شما درس را ___ کردید؟ (aayaa shomaa dars raa ___ kardid?)
The sentence means 'Did you finish the lesson?' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish.
آنها پروژه را ___ نکردند. (anhaa proozheh raa ___ nakardand.)
The sentence means 'They did not finish the project.' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish.
من نامه را ___ کردم. (man naameh raa ___ kardam.)
The sentence means 'I finished the letter.' 'تمام کردن' (tamaam kardan) means to finish writing or conclude.
Which word means to finish something?
The word 'ختم کردن' means to bring something to an end or to conclude it. The other options have different meanings.
What is the opposite of 'ختم کردن' (to finish)?
If 'ختم کردن' means to finish, then 'شروع کردن' (to start) is its opposite.
Which sentence correctly uses 'ختم کردن'?
'ختم کردن' is typically used for tasks, events, or processes that are brought to a conclusion, like finishing a book or a meeting. It's less common for consumable items like water or food, or for building a house.
The word 'ختم کردن' can mean 'to start'.
No, 'ختم کردن' means 'to finish' or 'to conclude', not 'to start'.
You can use 'ختم کردن' when a meeting ends.
Yes, 'ختم کردن' is commonly used to describe the conclusion of events like meetings.
If you 'ختم کردن' your work, it means your work is just beginning.
No, if you 'ختم کردن' your work, it means your work is finished, not just beginning.
Write a short sentence about finishing a meal.
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Sample answer
من غذایم را تمام کردم. (I finished my meal.)
Imagine you are finishing a book. Write a sentence about it.
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Sample answer
من کتابم را ختم کردم. (I finished my book.)
Write a simple sentence about ending a class.
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Sample answer
کلاس تمام شد. (The class finished.)
مریم چه چیزی را ختم کرد؟
Read this passage:
مریم امروز کار خود را ختم کرد. او خوشحال است.
مریم چه چیزی را ختم کرد؟
The passage states 'مریم امروز کار خود را ختم کرد.' which means 'Maryam finished her work today.'
The passage states 'مریم امروز کار خود را ختم کرد.' which means 'Maryam finished her work today.'
پدر چه زمانی شام را تمام کرد؟
Read this passage:
پدر شام را تمام کرد. او الان میخوابد.
پدر چه زمانی شام را تمام کرد؟
The passage says 'پدر شام را تمام کرد.' which implies evening, and 'او الان میخوابد.' which means 'He is sleeping now,' reinforcing it's nighttime.
The passage says 'پدر شام را تمام کرد.' which implies evening, and 'او الان میخوابد.' which means 'He is sleeping now,' reinforcing it's nighttime.
آیا من فیلم را دوست داشتم؟
Read this passage:
من فیلم را ختم کردم. فیلم خیلی خوب بود.
آیا من فیلم را دوست داشتم؟
The passage states 'فیلم خیلی خوب بود.' meaning 'The movie was very good,' indicating I liked it.
The passage states 'فیلم خیلی خوب بود.' meaning 'The movie was very good,' indicating I liked it.
This sentence means 'I finished my lesson.' The order of words is crucial for correct meaning in Persian.
This sentence means 'He/She finished his/her work.' Practice ordering the words correctly.
This sentence means 'They concluded the meeting.' The verb 'کردند' matches the plural subject 'آنها'.
او کارش را ______.
The sentence means 'He finished his work.' The verb 'ختم_کردن' (to finish/conclude) is appropriate here.
جلسه در ساعت ۵ عصر ______.
The sentence means 'The meeting concluded at 5 PM.' The passive form 'ختم_شدن' (to be concluded) fits the context.
معلم درس را ______.
The sentence means 'The teacher finished the lesson.' 'ختم_کردن' (to finish) is the correct verb here.
او سخنرانی خود را با یک شعر ______.
The sentence means 'He concluded his speech with a poem.' 'ختم_کردن' (to conclude) is the suitable verb.
بازی در دقیقه ۹۰ ______.
The sentence means 'The game ended in the 90th minute.' 'ختم_شدن' (to be ended/concluded) is correct.
من نامه را با احترام ______.
The sentence means 'I concluded the letter respectfully.' 'ختم_کردن' (to conclude) is the appropriate verb.
The task is to finish the work.
The meeting ended yesterday.
I want to conclude this discussion.
Read this aloud:
لطفا این درس را تمام کنید.
Focus: تَ_مام کُنید
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آنها پروژه را ختم کردند.
Focus: ختم کَردَند
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چه وقت این فیلم ختم میشود؟
Focus: خَتم می_شَوَد
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Write a short sentence about finishing your homework using 'ختم_کردن'.
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Sample answer
من تکالیفم را ختم کردم. (I finished my homework.)
Write a sentence describing how a meeting was concluded using 'ختم_کردن'.
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Sample answer
جلسه ساعت چهار ختم شد. (The meeting concluded at four o'clock.)
Imagine you are telling a friend about a book you finished. Use 'ختم_کردن' in your sentence.
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Sample answer
من آن کتاب را دیروز ختم کردم. (I finished that book yesterday.)
What did he do at five o'clock?
Read this passage:
او کار خود را در ساعت پنج ختم کرد و به خانه رفت. او بسیار خسته بود.
What did he do at five o'clock?
The passage says 'او کار خود را در ساعت پنج ختم کرد' which means 'He finished his work at five o'clock'.
The passage says 'او کار خود را در ساعت پنج ختم کرد' which means 'He finished his work at five o'clock'.
How did the story end?
Read this passage:
داستان با یک پایان خوش ختم شد. همه خوشحال بودند.
How did the story end?
The passage states 'داستان با یک پایان خوش ختم شد', meaning 'The story concluded with a happy ending'.
The passage states 'داستان با یک پایان خوش ختم شد', meaning 'The story concluded with a happy ending'.
What concluded the celebration ceremony?
Read this passage:
مراسم جشن با سخنرانی رئیس ختم شد. همه دست زدند.
What concluded the celebration ceremony?
The passage says 'مراسم جشن با سخنرانی رئیس ختم شد', which translates to 'The celebration ceremony concluded with the president's speech'.
The passage says 'مراسم جشن با سخنرانی رئیس ختم شد', which translates to 'The celebration ceremony concluded with the president's speech'.
This sentence means 'I finished my lesson.' The order of words is crucial for correct meaning in Persian.
This sentence means 'He/She finished his/her work.' The structure follows the subject-object-verb pattern typical in Persian.
This sentence means 'We concluded the meeting.' The verb 'کردیم' (we did) correctly matches the plural subject 'ما' (we).
من امروز کارم را ___ کردم. (I ___ my work today.)
The verb 'تمام کردن' (tamām kardan) means 'to finish' or 'to complete', which is the closest in meaning to 'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) in this context.
جلسه با صحبتهای رئیس ___ شد. (The meeting ___ with the chairman's speech.)
Here, 'ختم شد' (khatm shod) is used to indicate that the meeting concluded.
او داستان را به زیبایی ___ کرد. (He ___ the story beautifully.)
In this sentence, 'ختم کرد' (khatm kard) means he brought the story to an end.
کتاب با یک پیام امیدبخش ___ میشود. (The book ___ with a hopeful message.)
The book concludes or ends with a hopeful message, making 'ختم' (khatm) the correct choice.
بعد از ساعتها کار، بالاخره پروژهام را ___ کردم. (After hours of work, I finally ___ my project.)
'ختم کردم' (khatm kardam) means 'I finished' or 'I concluded' my project.
سخنرانی او با یک شعر زیبا ___ شد. (His speech ___ with a beautiful poem.)
The speech concluded or ended with a beautiful poem. 'ختم شد' (khatm shod) fits this meaning.
The meeting ends at 5 o'clock.
He concluded his speech with a funny story.
The contract will be concluded next week.
Read this aloud:
لطفاً سخنرانی خود را ختم کنید.
Focus: ختم کنید
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Read this aloud:
آیا شما جلسه را ختم خواهید کرد؟
Focus: ختم خواهید کرد
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او برنامه را با یک شعر ختم کرد.
Focus: ختم کرد
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Imagine you are finishing a long project at work. Write a short sentence in Persian saying that you have concluded the project. Use the verb 'ختم کردن'.
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Sample answer
من پروژه را ختم کردم.
Your friend is telling you a long story. You want them to conclude it. Write a polite Persian phrase asking them to finish the story. Use 'ختم کردن'.
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Sample answer
لطفاً داستان را ختم کنید.
You are at a meeting that needs to end. Write a short Persian sentence stating that the meeting will be concluded soon. Use 'ختم شدن'.
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Sample answer
جلسه به زودی ختم خواهد شد.
What did he do to conclude his speech?
Read this passage:
او سخنرانی خود را با یک داستان کوتاه ختم کرد. همه حاضران از این نتیجه گیری خوششان آمد. این بهترین راه برای پایان دادن به صحبت هایش بود.
What did he do to conclude his speech?
The passage says 'او سخنرانی خود را با یک داستان کوتاه ختم کرد.' which means 'He concluded his speech with a short story.'
The passage says 'او سخنرانی خود را با یک داستان کوتاه ختم کرد.' which means 'He concluded his speech with a short story.'
What is mentioned as concluded?
Read this passage:
کتاب درسی بالاخره ختم شد. ما دو ماه برای مطالعه آن وقت گذاشتیم. حالا می توانیم به سراغ کتاب بعدی برویم.
What is mentioned as concluded?
The passage states 'کتاب درسی بالاخره ختم شد.' which translates to 'The textbook was finally concluded.'
The passage states 'کتاب درسی بالاخره ختم شد.' which translates to 'The textbook was finally concluded.'
How did they conclude the ceremony?
Read this passage:
آنها مراسم را با خواندن دعا ختم کردند. این یک سنت قدیمی است که همیشه انجام می شود. همه احساس آرامش کردند.
How did they conclude the ceremony?
The passage says 'آنها مراسم را با خواندن دعا ختم کردند.' meaning 'They concluded the ceremony by reading a prayer.'
The passage says 'آنها مراسم را با خواندن دعا ختم کردند.' meaning 'They concluded the ceremony by reading a prayer.'
This means 'to conclude the meeting quickly'. 'جلسه' (jalseh) is meeting, 'سریع' (sari') is quickly, and 'ختم_کردن' (khatm kardan) is to conclude.
This means 'I must finish the lesson today'. 'من' (man) is I, 'باید' (bâyad) is must, 'امروز' (emrooz) is today, 'درس' (dars) is lesson, and 'ختم_کنم' (khatm konam) is to finish (first person singular).
This means 'He decided to end his job'. 'او' (u) is he/she, 'تصمیم_گرفت' (tasmim gereft) is decided, 'شغلش' (shoghlash) is his/her job, and 'ختم_کند' (khatm konad) is to end (third person singular).
جلسه با یک سخنرانی کوتاه توسط مدیر ____ شد.
The word 'ختم' (khatm) is the most appropriate verb to complete the sentence, meaning 'to be concluded' or 'brought to an end,' fitting the context of a meeting ending.
او تصمیم گرفت تحصیلات خود را در خارج از کشور ____.
'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) means 'to conclude' or 'to finish.' In this context, it implies finishing one's education abroad.
پروژه ساخت و ساز بالاخره ماه گذشته ____ شد.
'ختم شدن' (khatm shodan) is the passive form of 'to conclude' or 'to be brought to an end,' which fits the context of a construction project being finished.
بحث با توافق جمعی ____.
'ختم شدن' (khatm shodan) signifies that the discussion was concluded, in this case, with a collective agreement.
نمایشنامه با یک صحنه غمانگیز ____ شد.
'ختم شدن' (khatm shodan) is the correct choice here, indicating that the play was concluded or ended with a sad scene.
ما باید این همکاری را در اسرع وقت ____.
'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) means 'to bring to an end' or 'to conclude.' This implies that the collaboration should be finished as soon as possible.
Imagine you are writing an email to a colleague. You have just finished a major project. Write a sentence or two to inform them that you have concluded the project and are ready for the next steps. Use the verb "ختم کردن".
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Sample answer
من پروژه را ختم کردم و اکنون آماده شروع مرحله بعدی هستم. (I concluded the project and am now ready to start the next phase.)
You are telling a friend about a book you just finished reading. Write a sentence saying that you have concluded the book and enjoyed it. Use the verb "ختم کردن".
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Sample answer
من خواندن این کتاب را ختم کردم و از آن بسیار لذت بردم. (I concluded reading this book and enjoyed it very much.)
Describe a situation where you had to bring an argument or discussion to an end. How did you "ختم کردن" it? Write 2-3 sentences.
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Sample answer
بحث ما طولانی شده بود، بنابراین تصمیم گرفتم آن را ختم کنم. با یک توافق دوجانبه به پایان رسید. (Our discussion had become long, so I decided to conclude it. It ended with a mutual agreement.)
چه زمانی جلسه به پایان رسید؟ (When did the meeting end?)
Read this passage:
پس از ساعتها تلاش بیوقفه، بالاخره جلسه را ختم کردیم. تصمیمات مهمی گرفته شد و همه با رضایت کامل جلسه را ترک کردند.
چه زمانی جلسه به پایان رسید؟ (When did the meeting end?)
The passage states 'پس از ساعتها تلاش بیوقفه، بالاخره جلسه را ختم کردیم.' which means 'After hours of continuous effort, we finally concluded the meeting.'
The passage states 'پس از ساعتها تلاش بیوقفه، بالاخره جلسه را ختم کردیم.' which means 'After hours of continuous effort, we finally concluded the meeting.'
چرا لازم است بررسیهای اولیه هرچه زودتر ختم شوند؟ (Why is it necessary to conclude the initial reviews as soon as possible?)
Read this passage:
مدیر پروژه اعلام کرد که باید هر چه زودتر بررسیهای اولیه را ختم کنیم تا بتوانیم به مرحله بعدی برویم. این کار برای موفقیت پروژه حیاتی است.
چرا لازم است بررسیهای اولیه هرچه زودتر ختم شوند؟ (Why is it necessary to conclude the initial reviews as soon as possible?)
The passage says 'باید هر چه زودتر بررسیهای اولیه را ختم کنیم تا بتوانیم به مرحله بعدی برویم.' which translates to 'We must conclude the initial reviews as soon as possible so we can move to the next phase.'
The passage says 'باید هر چه زودتر بررسیهای اولیه را ختم کنیم تا بتوانیم به مرحله بعدی برویم.' which translates to 'We must conclude the initial reviews as soon as possible so we can move to the next phase.'
نتیجه ختم شدن دوره آموزشی چه بود؟ (What was the result of concluding the training course?)
Read this passage:
علیرغم مشکلات فراوان، توانستیم دوره آموزشی را در زمان مقرر ختم کنیم. دانشآموزان از کیفیت آموزش راضی بودند و گواهینامههای خود را دریافت کردند.
نتیجه ختم شدن دوره آموزشی چه بود؟ (What was the result of concluding the training course?)
The passage states 'دانشآموزان از کیفیت آموزش راضی بودند و گواهینامههای خود را دریافت کردند.' which means 'The students were satisfied with the quality of education and received their certificates.'
The passage states 'دانشآموزان از کیفیت آموزش راضی بودند و گواهینامههای خود را دریافت کردند.' which means 'The students were satisfied with the quality of education and received their certificates.'
جلسه با یک سخنرانی کوتاه توسط مدیر عامل به پایان ____.
در فارسی، 'به پایان رسیدن' یا 'ختم شدن' برای بیان 'به پایان رسیدن' یا 'خاتمه یافتن' یک رویداد به کار میرود.
او تصمیم گرفت دوره آموزشی خود را با یک پروژه تحقیقاتی بزرگ ____.
فعل 'ختم کردن' به معنای به پایان رساندن یا خاتمه دادن است و در این جمله به معنای 'پایان دادن به یک دوره' استفاده شده است.
بحثهای طولانی بالاخره با توافق طرفین ____.
'ختم شدن' به معنای 'به پایان رسیدن' یا 'اتمام یافتن' است که در مورد بحثها به کار میرود.
برنامه تلویزیونی پس از پنج فصل موفق به ____ رسید.
'به اختتام رسیدن' به معنای 'به پایان رسیدن' یا 'خاتمه یافتن' است و برای برنامه های تلویزیونی مناسب است.
او سخنرانی خود را با نقل قولی الهامبخش ____.
'به پایان رساندن' به معنای 'تمام کردن' یا 'ختم کردن' است و برای سخنرانی به کار میرود.
مراسم با دعای خیر از سوی حاضران ____.
'ختم گردیدن' یک حالت رسمیتر از 'ختم شدن' است و به معنای 'به پایان رسیدن' یا 'خاتمه یافتن' است.
جمله ای که بهترین مفهوم 'ختم کردن' را بیان میکند، کدام است؟
«ختم کردن» به معنای به پایان رساندن یا خاتمه دادن به چیزی است.
کدام گزینه نمیتواند جایگزین مناسبی برای 'ختم کردن' در جمله "او سخنرانی خود را با یک داستان کوتاه ختم کرد" باشد؟
"آغاز کرد" به معنای شروع کردن است که متضاد "ختم کردن" است.
در جمله "جلسه با توافق همه اعضا ختم شد"، معنی 'ختم شد' چیست؟
«ختم شد» در این جمله به معنای پایان یافتن و تمام شدن جلسه است.
اگر شما یک کتاب را 'ختم کنید'، به این معنی است که خواندن آن را به پایان رساندهاید.
«ختم کردن کتاب» به معنای به پایان رساندن خواندن کتاب است.
عبارت "ختم شدن" همیشه به معنای چیزی منفی است.
«ختم شدن» میتواند برای پایان یافتن موضوعات خنثی یا حتی مثبت نیز به کار رود، مثلاً ختم شدن یک مراسم شاد.
در جمله "او کار خود را با موفقیت ختم کرد"، فعل 'ختم کرد' به معنای شروع کردن است.
در این جمله، «ختم کرد» به معنای به پایان رساندن و تکمیل کردن کار است.
The ceremony concluded with the president's speech.
He decided to finish his studies abroad.
The business meeting ended on time so everyone could make their next appointments.
Read this aloud:
آیا می توانید این بحث را به سرعت ختم کنید؟
Focus: بحث را به سرعت ختم کنید
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Read this aloud:
قرارداد بین دو شرکت دیروز ختم شد.
Focus: قرارداد بین دو شرکت ختم شد
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Read this aloud:
ما باید این پروژه را تا پایان ماه ختم کنیم.
Focus: پروژه را تا پایان ماه ختم کنیم
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We successfully concluded the meeting.
He concluded his speech with a strong statement.
The president concluded his official visit by signing an agreement.
تصمیم گرفتیم جلسه را با یک سخنرانی کوتاه در مورد دستاوردهای شرکت ___.
The sentence implies bringing the meeting to a close. 'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) means 'to conclude' or 'to bring to an end'.
بعد از ساعتها بحث و گفتگو، سرانجام توانستند مناقشه را ___.
The context of 'hours of discussion' and 'dispute' suggests the aim was to resolve or conclude it. 'ختم کردن' is the appropriate verb.
با فرارسیدن شب، سفر طولانی ما بالاخره به ___ رسید.
The phrase 'به ختم رسیدن' (be khatm residan) means 'to come to an end'. This fits the context of a long journey concluding as night falls.
امیدواریم این پروژه را قبل از پایان سال جاری ___.
The sentence expresses a desire to finish the project by year-end. 'ختم کردن' perfectly conveys 'to conclude' or 'to complete'.
داور بازی را با به صدا درآوردن سوت پایان ___.
A referee blowing the final whistle signifies the end of the game. 'ختم کردن' is used here to mean 'to bring to an end'.
او تصمیم گرفت رابطه طولانی مدت خود را ___.
The decision to end a long-term relationship is conveyed by 'ختم کردن'.
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Summary
ختم کردن means to finish or conclude something, bringing it to an end.
- to finish
- to complete
- to conclude
Use with formal events
You'll often hear 'ختم کردن' (khatm kardan) when talking about ending a formal event like a meeting, a ceremony, or a lecture.
Think 'conclude'
A good English equivalent to remember is 'to conclude'. It captures the sense of a definitive ending.
Past tense is common
It's very common to use 'ختم کردن' in the past tense when talking about things that have already finished. For example, 'جلسه ختم شد' (jalese khatm shod) - 'The meeting concluded'.
Not for casual endings
Avoid using 'ختم کردن' for very casual or informal endings, like finishing a snack or turning off a light. For those, you'd use other verbs like 'تمام کردن' (tamām kardan).
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