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B2 verb #1,500 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

기능하다

gineunghada Top 1,500

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At the A1 level, '기능하다' is a bit difficult. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'to work' or 'to do its job.' Imagine your phone. It has many parts. The camera 'functions' to take pictures. The screen 'functions' to show you videos. In A1, we usually use simpler words like '해요' (do) or '잘 돼요' (works well). But if you see '기능하다', just remember it means something is doing what it is supposed to do in a system. For example, 'This button functions.' It is a formal word, so you might see it in a simple instruction manual. It comes from '기능' (function) and '하다' (to do). So, 'function-do.'

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At the A2 level, you can start using '기능하다' to describe the parts of things. For example, 'The heart functions' or 'The computer functions.' It is more formal than '작동하다' (to work/operate). You might use it when talking about your body or a machine in a classroom setting. A good way to remember it is by using the pattern 'A는 B로서 기능해요' which means 'A functions as B.' For example, 'My phone functions as a clock.' This helps you describe the purpose of things more clearly than just saying 'I use my phone as a clock.' It shows you understand that things have specific roles.

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At the B1 level, '기능하다' becomes useful for discussing social and technical systems. You can use it to describe how a library functions as a community center or how a specific law functions to protect people. You should distinguish it from '작동하다' (mechanical operation). While a car '작동하다' (starts/runs), its seatbelt '기능하다' (functions) to keep you safe. You will start seeing this word in news articles and intermediate reading passages. It often appears with adverbs like '정상적으로' (normally) or '제대로' (properly). It's a key word for moving from basic descriptions to more analytical ones.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to use '기능하다' in academic and professional contexts. It is essential for explaining complex systems where multiple parts work together. You should be able to use it to describe abstract concepts, such as how 'social media functions as a double-edged sword.' At this level, you should also understand its relationship with nouns like '기능성' (functionality) and '기능적' (functional). You will encounter it in discussions about economics, sociology, and advanced technology. It is often used to describe the 'failure' of a system (기능을 상실하다 - to lose function) or its 'recovery' (기능을 회복하다).

At the C1 level, '기능하다' is used to analyze the structural and systemic roles of entities within a discourse. You will use it to discuss the nuanced roles of institutions, such as how the judiciary functions as a check on executive power. It is frequently paired with sophisticated adverbs like '유기적으로' (organically), '중추적으로' (pivotally), or '상호보완적으로' (complementarily). You should be able to distinguish it from '작용하다' (to act/affect) and '수행하다' (to perform) with precision. In C1 writing, '기능하다' helps in constructing logical arguments about the utility and purpose of various social or scientific phenomena.

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At the C2 level, '기능하다' is a fundamental tool for high-level philosophical, technical, and literary analysis. You might use it to describe how a metaphor functions within a poem or how a specific historical event functioned as a catalyst for social change. The word is used to explore the teleology (purpose) of systems. You will understand its usage in highly specialized fields, such as 'functionalism' in sociology or 'functional programming' in computer science. At this level, the word is not just about 'working' but about the essential reason for an entity's existence within a complex, multifaceted reality. You can use it to critique whether an institution is truly 'functioning' according to its stated ideals.

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기능하다 in 30 Sekunden

기능하다 means to perform a specific role or function within a system, whether biological, technical, or social, focusing on purpose rather than just movement.
It is a formal verb often used with '~로서' (as) to define the identity or utility of the subject in a larger context.
Commonly found in academic, medical, and news contexts, it distinguishes itself from '작동하다' (mechanical operation) by emphasizing the systemic contribution of the subject.
Correct usage involves intransitive patterns, typically paired with adverbs like '정상적으로' (normally) or '유기적으로' (organically) to describe the quality of the performance.

The Korean verb 기능하다 (ginunghada) is a sophisticated term primarily used to describe the act of fulfilling a specific role, purpose, or function within a larger system. Unlike the simple verb 'to work' (일하다) or 'to operate' (작동하다), 기능하다 implies a systemic relationship where the subject is a component contributing to a whole. It is derived from the noun 기능 (機能), meaning 'function' or 'faculty,' and the auxiliary verb 하다. In essence, when something '기능한다', it isn't just moving; it is performing the specific duty it was designed or evolved to do.

Systemic Utility: It describes how a part serves the whole, such as an organ in a body or a department in a corporation.
Abstract Roles: It is often used for abstract concepts, like how a law functions as a deterrent or how a park functions as a social hub.

이 기계는 비상시에만 기능하도록 설계되었습니다. (This machine is designed to function only in emergencies.)

In biological contexts, you might hear about how the heart functions to pump blood. In sociological contexts, you might discuss how schools function as agents of socialization. The word carries a formal tone, making it a staple in academic writing, technical manuals, and news reports. It suggests a level of structural necessity; if something fails to 기능하다, the entire system might collapse or become inefficient.

간이 정상적으로 기능하지 않으면 건강에 치명적입니다. (If the liver does not function normally, it is fatal to health.)

Furthermore, 기능하다 often appears with the particle '~로서' (as), indicating the specific capacity in which something is functioning. For example, '언어는 소통의 수단으로서 기능한다' (Language functions as a means of communication). This highlights the functional identity of the subject within a specific context.

이 공간은 지역 주민들을 위한 쉼터로서 기능하고 있습니다. (This space is functioning as a shelter for local residents.)

Technical Nuance: In software engineering, it refers to a module performing its designated logic within the application architecture.

새로운 업데이트 이후 검색 엔진이 제대로 기능하지 않습니다. (The search engine has not been functioning properly since the new update.)

In summary, 기능하다 is about the 'why' and 'how' of a component's existence within a structure. It is less about the mechanical movement and more about the fulfillment of a purpose. Whether it's a biological organ, a social institution, or a piece of software, 기능하다 describes the active state of being useful and purposeful.

가족은 사회의 가장 기본적인 단위로서 기능합니다. (The family functions as the most basic unit of society.)

Using 기능하다 correctly requires understanding its formal register and its typical grammatical companions. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object with '을/를'. Instead, the thing that is functioning is the subject (이/가), and the role it plays is often marked by '로서' (as) or '으로' (as/into).

Grammar Pattern 1: [Subject] + [Adverb] + 기능하다: Commonly used with adverbs like '정상적으로' (normally), '원활하게' (smoothly), or '제대로' (properly).

정부는 경제가 원활하게 기능하도록 지원해야 합니다. (The government must provide support so that the economy functions smoothly.)

When discussing the purpose of an object, you will frequently see the construction '~로서 기능하다'. This is the most common way to express 'to function as'. It identifies the identity or role the subject assumes within a context.

Grammar Pattern 2: [Subject] + [Noun]로서 기능하다: This highlights the specific role. For example, '교육은 계층 이동의 사다리로서 기능한다' (Education functions as a ladder for social mobility).

이 건물은 박물관이자 교육 센터로서 기능하고 있습니다. (This building is functioning as both a museum and an education center.)

In negative contexts, it is often used to describe systemic failure. Instead of saying something is 'broken' (고장 나다), saying it 'does not function' (기능하지 못하다) suggests a more serious, structural issue. This is common in medical or political discourse.

민주주의가 제대로 기능하지 못할 때 부패가 발생합니다. (Corruption occurs when democracy does not function properly.)

Collocations: Commonly paired with: 정상적으로 (normally), 사회적으로 (socially), 유기적으로 (organically), 핵심적으로 (centrally).

각 부서가 유기적으로 기능해야 프로젝트가 성공합니다. (Each department must function organically for the project to succeed.)

Finally, remember that '기능하다' is a stative-like action verb. It describes an ongoing state of performance. Therefore, it is frequently used in the present progressive form (~고 있다) to describe current roles or in the potential form (~ㄹ 수 있다) to describe capabilities.

이 앱은 오프라인에서도 핵심 기능들이 기능할 수 있습니다. (The core functions of this app can function even offline.)

You will encounter 기능하다 in environments that require precision, formality, and structural analysis. It is not a word you would typically use while chatting with friends about a broken toaster, but it is exactly what you would hear in a documentary about how that toaster was engineered or in a news report about a power grid failure.

News & Media: Journalists use it to describe the state of public institutions, economic markets, or international treaties.

국회가 마비되어 입법 기관으로서 전혀 기능하지 못하고 있습니다. (The National Assembly is paralyzed and not functioning as a legislative body at all.)

In academic settings, particularly in the sciences and social sciences, 기능하다 is indispensable. Professors and researchers use it to explain how biological systems maintain homeostasis or how social structures maintain order. If you are reading a Korean textbook on biology, sociology, or economics, you will see this word on almost every page.

Medical & Scientific Contexts: Used to describe the physiological performance of organs, cells, and enzymes.

뇌의 특정 부위가 기능하는 방식을 연구하고 있습니다. (We are studying the way specific parts of the brain function.)

In the corporate world, 기능하다 is used during strategy meetings or performance reviews. It describes how departments or specific roles contribute to the company's overall goals. It sounds much more professional than saying '일을 하다' (to do work).

우리 팀은 마케팅 전략의 핵심 허브로서 기능해야 합니다. (Our team must function as the core hub of the marketing strategy.)

Technology & IT: Used in software documentation to explain what a specific feature or API endpoint does.

이 플러그인은 보안 강화 도구로서 기능합니다. (This plugin functions as a security enhancement tool.)

Lastly, you'll hear it in legal or administrative contexts. When a law or a committee is established, its 'function' is defined using this verb. It establishes the legal boundaries of what that entity is supposed to do.

이 위원회는 자문 기구로서만 기능할 뿐, 결정권은 없습니다. (This committee only functions as an advisory body and has no decision-making power.)

While 기능하다 is a powerful word, learners often misuse it by confusing it with similar-sounding or similar-meaning verbs. The most common error is using it where 작동하다 (to operate/work) is more appropriate. 작동하다 is used for the mechanical 'on/off' state of a machine, while 기능하다 is about the purpose it serves.

Error 1: Confusing with 작동하다: Incorrect: '컴퓨터가 기능하지 않아요' (The computer doesn't function - sounds like it's missing its purpose). Correct: '컴퓨터가 작동하지 않아요' (The computer won't turn on/work).

리모컨이 작동하지 않는 것 같아요. (The remote doesn't seem to be working/operating.)

Another common mistake is confusing 기능하다 with 작용하다 (to act/affect). 작용하다 is used when one thing exerts an influence on another, like a medicine acting on a virus or gravity acting on an object. 기능하다 is internal to the subject's role.

Error 2: Confusing with 작용하다: Incorrect: '이 약은 해열제로 기능합니다' (This medicine functions as a fever reducer - acceptable but '작용합니다' is better for chemical effects).

중력은 모든 물체에 작용합니다. (Gravity acts upon all objects.)

Learners also sometimes try to use 기능하다 with human subjects in a casual way. You shouldn't say '나는 선생님으로 기능해요' to mean 'I work as a teacher.' This sounds like you are a robot or a component in a machine. Instead, use '일하다' or '교직에 있다'. 기능하다 is for systems, organs, or abstract roles.

Error 3: Over-formalizing Human Roles: Avoid using it for individual human jobs unless you are talking about a person's role within a specific organizational structure in a very technical sense.

그는 팀에서 리더로서 역할을 하고 있습니다. (He is playing a role as a leader in the team - better than '기능하고'.)

Finally, ensure you are using the correct particle. It is almost always '~로서' (as a status/role) and not '~로써' (as a tool/means), although this is a common mistake even for native speakers. Since '기능하다' usually refers to a role or identity, '로서' is the grammatically correct choice.

이 공원은 도시의 허파로서 기능합니다. (This park functions as the lungs of the city.)

Understanding the nuances between 기능하다 and its synonyms will help you choose the right word for the right context. While they all relate to 'working' or 'doing,' their specific applications vary significantly.

작동하다 (To Operate): Focuses on the mechanical or electronic movement. A machine '작동한다' when it's turned on and running. '기능하다' is what that running achieves.
작용하다 (To Act/Affect): Focuses on the influence or effect one thing has on another. It's about interaction and impact.
역할을 하다 (To Play a Role): This is the more natural, less formal version of '기능하다'. It is used for both people and objects.

비타민 C는 항산화제로서 작용합니다. (Vitamin C acts as an antioxidant - focus on the chemical effect.)

When comparing 기능하다 and 수행하다 (to carry out/perform), 수행하다 is more active and task-oriented. You '수행하다' a mission or a duty. 기능하다 is more about the inherent state of being functional within a system.

수행하다 vs 기능하다: 수행하다 is 'doing a task'; 기능하다 is 'serving a purpose'.

컴퓨터가 복잡한 계산을 수행하고 있습니다. (The computer is performing complex calculations.)

In technical documentation, you might also see 구동하다 (to drive/run). This is specifically for starting up software or engines. Once a system is '구동' (driven/started), it then '기능' (functions) to provide services to the user.

새로운 운영체제는 저사양 PC에서도 잘 구동됩니다. (The new OS runs well even on low-spec PCs.)

Lastly, 활약하다 (to be active/play a great part) is a more dynamic and positive synonym, usually used for people in sports or business who are doing an exceptionally good job. 기능하다 is neutral and systemic.

그 선수는 이번 경기에서 공격수로서 크게 활약했습니다. (That player played a great part as a forward in this game.)

How Formal Is It?

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Wichtige Grammatik

~로서 vs ~로써

~기 시작하다

~도록 설계되다

~지 못하다

~ㄴ/는다는 점에서

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Beispiele nach Niveau

이 버튼은 전원 버튼으로 기능합니다.

This button functions as a power button.

Subject + ~으로 + 기능합니다 (Formal present)

심장은 몸에서 중요하게 기능해요.

The heart functions importantly in the body.

Adverb + 기능해요 (Polite present)

기계가 잘 기능합니까?

Does the machine function well?

Question form

이 앱은 지도로 기능해요.

This app functions as a map.

~로 (as/into)

카메라가 정상적으로 기능해요.

The camera functions normally.

Adverbial use

그것은 시계로 기능하지 않아요.

It does not function as a clock.

Negative form ~지 않다

코는 숨을 쉬는 곳으로 기능해요.

The nose functions as a place to breathe.

Descriptive clause + 곳으로

이 도구는 칼로 기능합니다.

This tool functions as a knife.

Simple function description

스마트폰은 이제 컴퓨터로서 기능합니다.

Smartphones now function as computers.

~로서 (as - status/role)

이 방은 공부방으로 기능하고 있어요.

This room is functioning as a study room.

~고 있다 (Progressive)

소금은 조미료로서 기능해요.

Salt functions as a seasoning.

Noun + 로서

그 건물은 학교로서 기능했습니다.

That building functioned as a school.

Past tense ~었습니다

자전거는 교통수단으로 기능할 수 있어요.

Bicycles can function as a means of transport.

~ㄹ 수 있다 (Possibility)

이 소프트웨어는 무료로 기능합니다.

This software functions for free.

Adverbial phrase '무료로'

눈은 사물을 보는 기관으로 기능해요.

Eyes function as organs that see objects.

Noun + 기관으로

돈은 교환의 수단으로 기능합니다.

Money functions as a means of exchange.

Abstract function

가족은 사회를 유지하는 기초 단위로서 기능한다.

The family functions as a basic unit that maintains society.

Plain style ~ㄴ다

이 공원은 도시의 열기를 식히는 허파로서 기능합니다.

This park functions as lungs that cool down the city's heat.

Metaphorical usage

정부가 제대로 기능하지 않으면 혼란이 생깁니다.

If the government does not function properly, chaos arises.

Conditional ~으면

언어는 문화 전달의 도구로서 기능하고 있다.

Language is functioning as a tool for cultural transmission.

Progressive aspect

새로운 시스템이 안정적으로 기능하기 시작했습니다.

The new system has started to function stably.

~기 시작하다 (Start to...)

이 약이 몸 안에서 어떻게 기능하는지 궁금해요.

I am curious about how this medicine functions inside the body.

Indirect question ~는지

박물관은 교육의 장으로서 기능해야 합니다.

Museums must function as places of education.

~해야 하다 (Obligation)

인터넷은 정보 공유의 핵심 통로로서 기능한다.

The internet functions as a core channel for information sharing.

Formal definition

법은 사회 정의를 실현하는 장치로서 기능해야 한다.

Law must function as a device that realizes social justice.

B2 level abstract noun usage

그 조직은 더 이상 정상적으로 기능하지 못하고 있다.

The organization is no longer able to function normally.

~지 못하고 있다 (Inability + Progressive)

이 기술은 보안 위협을 차단하는 방화벽으로서 기능합니다.

This technology functions as a firewall that blocks security threats.

Technical context

전통 시장은 지역 경제의 중심지로서 기능해 왔다.

Traditional markets have functioned as the center of local economies.

~어 오다 (Continuation from past)

세포가 유기적으로 기능할 때 생명이 유지된다.

Life is maintained when cells function organically.

Scientific adverb '유기적으로'

예술은 인간의 감정을 치유하는 수단으로서 기능할 수 있다.

Art can function as a means of healing human emotions.

Psychological context

광고는 소비자의 구매 욕구를 자극하는 기제로 기능한다.

Advertising functions as a mechanism that stimulates consumer purchasing desire.

Academic term '기제' (mechanism)

이 회의는 의견을 조율하는 창구로서 기능할 것이다.

This meeting will function as a window for coordinating opinions.

Future tense ~ㄹ 것이다

언론은 권력을 감시하는 파수꾼으로서 기능해야 할 의무가 있다.

The press has an obligation to function as a watchdog that monitors power.

C1 level metaphorical '파수꾼'

종교는 사회적 통합을 이루는 기제로 기능하기도 한다.

Religion also functions as a mechanism for achieving social integration.

~기도 하다 (Also does...)

해당 부품이 결합되어 하나의 시스템으로 기능하게 된다.

The parts are combined to function as a single system.

~게 되다 (Resultative)

도시 재생 사업은 지역 공동체를 회복하는 동력으로서 기능한다.

Urban regeneration projects function as a driving force for restoring local communities.

C1 level abstract '동력'

이 이론은 현상을 설명하는 틀로서 기능하기에는 한계가 있다.

This theory has limitations in functioning as a framework for explaining the phenomenon.

~기에는 (For doing...)

교육 시스템이 계층 고착화의 수단으로 기능해서는 안 된다.

The education system must not function as a means of class solidification.

~해서는 안 된다 (Strong prohibition)

문화적 다양성은 창의성의 원천으로서 기능할 잠재력이 크다.

Cultural diversity has great potential to function as a source of creativity.

Potentiality description

화폐가 가치 저장 수단으로서 제대로 기능하지 못할 때 인플레이션이 발생한다.

Inflation occurs when currency fails to function properly as a store of value.

Economic analysis

문학은 지배 이데올로기에 저항하는 담론의 장으로서 기능해 왔다.

Literature has functioned as a site of discourse resisting dominant ideologies.

C2 level academic vocabulary '담론' (discourse)

헌법은 국가 권력의 남용을 방지하는 최후의 보루로서 기능한다.

The constitution functions as the last bastion preventing the abuse of state power.

Metaphorical '보루' (bastion)

생태계의 각 구성 요소는 상호 의존적으로 기능하며 평형을 유지한다.

Each component of the ecosystem functions interdependently to maintain equilibrium.

Scientific precision '상호 의존적으로'

이 철학적 개념은 현대 사회의 모순을 비판하는 렌즈로서 기능한다.

This philosophical concept functions as a lens for critiquing the contradictions of modern society.

Abstract metaphorical '렌즈'

디지털 플랫폼은 공론의 장으로서 기능함과 동시에 확증 편향을 심화시키기도 한다.

Digital platforms function as public spheres while simultaneously deepening confirmation bias.

~함과 동시에 (Simultaneity)

사법부의 독립성은 법치주의가 실질적으로 기능하기 위한 전제 조건이다.

The independence of the judiciary is a prerequisite for the rule of law to function substantively.

Legal/Political theory

언어적 상징은 공동체의 정체성을 형성하는 기표로서 기능한다.

Linguistic symbols function as signifiers that form the identity of a community.

Semiotic term '기표' (signifier)

기술적 진보가 인간 소외의 원인으로 기능하지 않도록 성찰이 필요하다.

Reflection is needed so that technological progress does not function as a cause of human alienation.

Ethical/Philosophical reflection

Synonyme

작용하다 역할을 하다 가동되다 운용되다

Gegenteile

마비되다 고장나다

Häufige Kollokationen

정상적으로 기능하다 (to function normally)

원활하게 기능하다 (to function smoothly)

유기적으로 기능하다 (to function organically)

제대로 기능하다 (to function properly)

핵심적으로 기능하다 (to function centrally)

사회적으로 기능하다 (to function socially)

독립적으로 기능하다 (to function independently)

상호보완적으로 기능하다 (to function complementarily)

정치적으로 기능하다 (to function politically)

안정적으로 기능하다 (to function stably)

Häufige Phrasen

~로서 기능하다 (to function as...)

기능을 상실하다 (to lose function)

기능을 회복하다 (to recover function)

기능을 수행하다 (to perform a function)

기능을 발휘하다 (to demonstrate a function/skill)

기능이 마비되다 (function is paralyzed)

다양하게 기능하다 (to function in various ways)

정상 기능하다 (to function normally - short form)

기능하지 못하다 (to fail to function)

기능을 멈추다 (to stop functioning)

Wird oft verwechselt mit

기능하다 vs 작동하다 (mechanical operation)

기능하다 vs 작용하다 (influence/effect)

기능하다 vs 수행하다 (task performance)

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"톱니바퀴처럼 기능하다 (to function like clockwork/gears)"

"허파로서 기능하다 (to function as the lungs - providing life/freshness)"

"윤활유로서 기능하다 (to function as a lubricant - making things smooth)"

"방패로서 기능하다 (to function as a shield - protecting)"

"가교로서 기능하다 (to function as a bridge - connecting)"

"창구로서 기능하다 (to function as a window/channel)"

"거름으로서 기능하다 (to function as fertilizer - helping growth)"

"등대로서 기능하다 (to function as a lighthouse - guiding)"

"쐐기로서 기능하다 (to function as a wedge - driving a gap)"

"뿌리로서 기능하다 (to function as the root - being the foundation)"

Leicht verwechselbar

기능하다 vs 기능 (技能)

기능하다 vs 기능 (機能)

Satzmuster

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So verwendest du es

nuance

기능하다 implies a purpose-driven action within a structure.

formality

High. Suitable for essays and reports.

Häufige Fehler

Using '기능하다' for a broken car (use '작동하다' or '움직이다').
Using the object marker '기능을 하다' when '기능하다' is more natural in formal writing.
Confusing '기능하다' with '작용하다' in chemical/physical contexts.
Misspelling '~로서' as '~로써' when used with this verb.
Using it for personal hobbies (e.g., 'I function as a gamer' - sounds weird).

Tipps

Particle Choice

Always use '~로서' when defining a role. Using '~로써' is a common spelling mistake even for natives.

Synonym Nuance

Use '작동하다' for the physical act of working and '기능하다' for the systemic purpose.

Academic Tone

In essays, replace '일을 하다' or '도움이 되다' with '기능하다' to instantly elevate your writing style.

Professionalism

When explaining your job in an interview, say '저는 팀에서 ~로서 기능하고 있습니다' to sound like a systemic thinker.

News Keywords

When you hear '기능' on the news, it's usually followed by '상실' (loss) or '마비' (paralysis) in crisis reports.

Social Systems

Apply this word to institutions like schools, governments, and families to discuss their roles in society.

Biological Use

Use it to describe organs. '위는 소화를 돕는 기관으로 기능한다' (The stomach functions as an organ that aids digestion).

Software Logic

In coding or tech, use it to describe what a specific function or class does within the app.

Purpose-Driven

Always ask: 'What is the purpose of this part?' The answer to that is how it '기능한다'.

Root Word

Remember '기능' (Function). If you know the noun, adding '하다' makes it the action of functioning.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of a 'GEAR' (기) that has the 'ENERGY' (능) to 'DO' (하다) its job.

Wortherkunft

Derived from Sino-Korean roots where '기' implies a mechanism or structure and '능' implies the power or ability to act.

Kultureller Kontext

The word is a staple in the CSAT (Suneung) exam reading passages.

Using this word instead of '해요' shows professional maturity.

Functional products are highly valued in the Korean market.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Gesprächseinstiege

"이 앱의 주요 기능이 무엇이라고 생각하세요?"

"우리 몸에서 간은 어떤 역할을 하며 어떻게 기능할까요?"

"전통적인 가족의 형태가 현대 사회에서도 잘 기능하고 있을까요?"

"스마트워치가 시계로서의 기능을 넘어 어떻게 기능하고 있나요?"

"정부의 가장 중요한 기능은 무엇이라고 보십니까?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

오늘 내가 우리 팀에서 어떤 사람으로서 기능했는지 적어보세요.

나에게 가장 중요한 '기능'을 하는 물건 세 가지를 고르고 그 이유를 설명하세요.

현대 사회에서 SNS가 긍정적으로 기능하는 면과 부정적으로 기능하는 면에 대해 쓰세요.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is rare and sounds robotic. Use '역할을 하다' instead. However, in a very technical organizational chart discussion, you might say a person 'functions as a coordinator,' but it's still very formal.

작동하다 is about the mechanics (the engine is running). 기능하다 is about the purpose (the engine functions to move the car). If a machine is 'on' but not doing its job, it '작동' is fine but it doesn't '기능'.

Both are correct. '기능하다' is the verb form, while '기능을 하다' emphasizes the noun 'function.' In most cases, they are interchangeable, but '기능하다' is slightly more concise.

Yes, laws function as deterrents or as frameworks for society. This is a very common usage in legal and social science texts.

You can say '오작동하다' (for machines) or '기능 장애가 있다' (to have a functional disorder) or simply '제대로 기능하지 못하다'.

Not always, but very frequently. It can also be used with adverbs (정상적으로 기능하다) or just by itself if the context is clear.

It means 'functionality.' It's often used as an adjective-like noun for products, like '기능성 신발' (functional/orthopedic shoes).

Yes, it's perfect for software. 'This module functions to encrypt data' would be '이 모듈은 데이터를 암호화하는 기능을 합니다' or '암호화 모듈로서 기능합니다'.

In daily casual speech, no. In school, work, or media, yes, it is extremely common.

No, '기능하다' is already describing a state/action of the subject. You wouldn't say 'is functioned'.

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