When used as an adjective, kallis has two main meanings that you need to learn. Firstly, it can mean expensive, referring to the high cost of something. For example, See auto on kallis means 'This car is expensive.' Secondly, and more affectionately, kallis can mean dear or beloved. You might hear someone say Minu kallis sõber, which translates to 'My dear friend.' The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.
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Short word, common letters.
Short word, no unusual characters.
Pronunciation is straightforward.
Distinct sound, easily recognizable.
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Basic Meanings of kallis
The word "kallis" has two main meanings: expensive and dear. Think of it like the English word "dear" which can mean both high in price and beloved.
Using kallis for Price
When talking about price, "kallis" means expensive. For example, "See auto on kallis" means "This car is expensive."
Using kallis for Affection
When expressing affection, "kallis" means dear or beloved. For example, "Minu kallis sõber" means "My dear friend."
Comparing with Odav
The opposite of "kallis" (expensive) is "odav," which means cheap or inexpensive. "See raamat on odav" means "This book is cheap."
Formal vs. Informal Usage
"Kallis" is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts for both meanings. However, for expensive, it's generally a straightforward descriptor.
Common Phrases with kallis
You'll often hear "Tere, kallis!" which means "Hello, dear!" It's a common and friendly greeting.
Kallis for Loved Ones
You can use "kallis" as a term of endearment for family and romantic partners, similar to "my love" or "my darling."
Declension of kallis
Like most Estonian adjectives, "kallis" will change its ending depending on the noun it modifies. For example, "kallis raamat" (expensive book) vs. "kallid raamatud" (expensive books).
Practice with Examples
Try forming your own sentences using "kallis" in both senses. For instance, "See kohv on kallis" (This coffee is expensive) and "Mu kallis ema" (My dear mother).
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See auto on liiga ___. (This car is too expensive.)
'Kallis' means expensive, which fits the context of a car being too much money.
Mu ___ sõber elab Tallinnas. (My dear friend lives in Tallinn.)
'Kallis' can also mean dear, as in a beloved friend.
Need kingad on väga ___. (These shoes are very expensive.)
Here, 'kallis' is used to describe the price of the shoes.
Ta on mu ___ ema. (She is my dear mother.)
In this context, 'kallis' expresses affection for one's mother.
See kleit on ___ minu jaoks. (This dress is expensive for me.)
The sentence implies the dress costs too much money.
Head aega, mu ___! (Goodbye, my dear!)
'Kallis' is used as a term of endearment, often when saying goodbye.
Which of these means 'expensive'?
In Estonian, 'kallis' means expensive. 'Odav' means cheap, 'suur' means big, and 'väike' means small.
Which sentence uses 'kallis' to mean 'dear' (like a loved one)?
'Kallis' can mean both expensive and dear. In this sentence, it's used as an endearment.
If something is not 'kallis', it might be:
The opposite of 'kallis' (expensive) is 'odav' (cheap).
'Kallis' can describe the price of an item.
Yes, 'kallis' is commonly used to describe something that costs a lot of money.
You can use 'kallis' to greet a friend.
Yes, 'kallis' can mean 'dear' and is often used in greetings like 'Kallis sõber!' (Dear friend!).
The word 'kallis' only ever means 'expensive'.
No, 'kallis' can also mean 'dear' or 'beloved', in addition to 'expensive'.
Choose the best translation for 'See auto on väga kallis.'
'Kallis' in this context means expensive.
Which sentence correctly uses 'kallis' to mean 'dear' in an affectionate way?
'Kallis' can also mean 'dear' when referring to a person.
What is the opposite of 'kallis' (expensive)?
'Odav' means cheap, which is the opposite of expensive.
You can use 'kallis' to describe a high price.
'Kallis' is used to describe something that costs a lot of money.
In the phrase 'kallis ema' (dear mother), 'kallis' means expensive.
In 'kallis ema', 'kallis' means 'dear' or 'beloved', showing affection, not price.
If something is 'kallis', it always means it is good quality.
While expensive items can be good quality, 'kallis' only refers to the price, not necessarily the quality.
This sentence means 'This is a very expensive car.' The order follows Estonian sentence structure.
This translates to 'Dear friend, how are you?' 'Kallis' is used here in the sense of 'dear'.
This means 'Is this dress too expensive?' 'Kas' indicates a question.
The dress is very expensive, but I love it. Listen for 'kallis'.
Is this car really as expensive as you say? Listen for 'kallis'.
My friend is a very dear person to me. Listen for 'kallis'.
Read this aloud:
See oli kallis õppetund, aga ma õppisin sellest palju.
Focus: õppetund
Dijiste:
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Read this aloud:
Ma pean leidma midagi odavamat, see on liiga kallis.
Focus: odavamat
Dijiste:
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Read this aloud:
Kas sa arvad, et see kingitus oli talle piisavalt kallis?
Focus: kingitus
Dijiste:
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This sentence means 'This is a very expensive car.' The word order in Estonian is similar to English for this type of descriptive sentence.
This translates to 'She bought herself an expensive piece of jewelry.' 'Kallis' takes the genitive form 'kalli' when used with a noun in the partitive case.
This means 'My dear friend arrived today.' 'Kallis' here refers to 'dear' or 'beloved'.
The correct order is Subject (See), Verb (on), Adverb (väga), Adjective (kallis), Noun (kleit).
The sentence starts with the main clause 'Ma arvan' (I think), followed by 'et' (that), then the subordinate clause 'see auto on liiga kallis minu jaoks' (this car is too expensive for me).
The sentence begins with the subordinating conjunction 'Kuigi' (Although), followed by the clause 'see oli kallis' (it was expensive), then the main clause 'ostsin ma selle kingituse oma emale' (I bought this gift for my mother).
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Basic Meanings of kallis
The word "kallis" has two main meanings: expensive and dear. Think of it like the English word "dear" which can mean both high in price and beloved.
Using kallis for Price
When talking about price, "kallis" means expensive. For example, "See auto on kallis" means "This car is expensive."
Using kallis for Affection
When expressing affection, "kallis" means dear or beloved. For example, "Minu kallis sõber" means "My dear friend."
Comparing with Odav
The opposite of "kallis" (expensive) is "odav," which means cheap or inexpensive. "See raamat on odav" means "This book is cheap."
