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A1 verb 8 min de lectura

uyumak

Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos uyumak en 30 segundos

Explicación uyumak in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'uyumak' is one of the first verbs you learn. You use it in its simplest forms to describe your daily routine. You will learn to say 'I sleep' (Uyuyorum), 'I want to sleep' (Uyumak istiyorum), and 'I slept' (Uyudum). The focus is on basic biological needs and simple time expressions like 'at night' (gece) or 'early' (erken). You should be able to answer the question 'Do you sleep a lot?' (Çok uyur musun?) with a basic 'Yes' or 'No'. At this stage, don't worry about complex idioms; just focus on the basic action of resting at night. You will also learn the negative form 'uyumamak' to say you don't sleep or didn't sleep. For example, 'Dün gece uyumadım' (I didn't sleep last night) is a very common A1 sentence. You might also encounter it in simple children's stories or basic health dialogues where a doctor asks about your sleep patterns. The goal is to connect the verb to yourself and your immediate environment.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'uyumak' with more varied tenses and basic compound structures. You will learn the future tense 'uyuyacağım' (I will sleep) and the necessity modal 'uyumam lazım' (I must sleep). You also start to use adverbs to describe how you sleep, such as 'iyi' (well), 'kötü' (badly), or 'rahat' (comfortably). At this level, you might encounter the compound verb 'uyuyakalmak' (to fall asleep accidentally), which is very useful for explaining why you missed a phone call or a bus. You can also start using 'uyumak' in simple 'if' clauses, like 'Eğer uyursan, kendini daha iyi hissedersin' (If you sleep, you will feel better). You'll also differentiate between 'uyumak' (the act) and 'yatmak' (going to bed). Your vocabulary expands to include related words like 'uyku' (sleep - the noun) and 'uykulu' (sleepy). You can describe your sleep habits in more detail, talking about what time you usually go to sleep and how long you stay in bed.

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By B1, you can use 'uyumak' in more complex social and narrative contexts. You start using the 'miş' past tense for reported or inferred actions, such as 'Bebek sonunda uyumuş' (Apparently, the baby has finally fallen asleep). You can handle more nuanced adverbs like 'deliksiz' (without interruption) or 'hafif' (lightly). This level introduces the causative form 'uyutmak' (to put to sleep), allowing you to talk about children or pets. You also begin to understand and use common idioms like 'gözüne uyku girmemek' (to not be able to sleep a wink). You can discuss the importance of sleep for health or productivity in a short paragraph. You might also start using the passive form 'uyunmak' in impersonal sentences like 'Bu sıcakta uyunmuyor' (One cannot sleep in this heat). Your ability to describe dreams and the quality of sleep becomes more sophisticated, using words like 'kabus' (nightmare) or 'derin uyku' (deep sleep).

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At B2, you use 'uyumak' to discuss abstract concepts and more formal topics. You can talk about sleep disorders, the science of sleep, or the metaphorical 'sleeping' of various entities like the economy or a social movement. You are comfortable with all complex tenses and moods, including the conditional and the optative. You can use 'uyumak' in longer, more structured arguments, perhaps debating the merits of polyphasic sleep or the impact of technology on sleep cycles. You understand the subtle differences between 'uyumak', 'uyuklamak', and 'kestirmek' in various social registers. You can also use the verb in more literary contexts, understanding how it might symbolize peace, ignorance, or death in a Turkish novel. You are able to use the verb to create complex relative clauses, such as 'Dün gece yeterince uyumayan öğrenciler bugün sınavda zorlandılar' (The students who didn't sleep enough last night struggled in the exam today).

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At the C1 level, your use of 'uyumak' is nuanced and stylistically varied. You can use it in academic or professional discussions about psychology, biology, or sociology. You are familiar with rare idioms and literary uses of the word. You can analyze how 'uyumak' is used in Turkish poetry to evoke specific moods. You understand the political connotations of 'uyuyan hücreler' (sleeper cells) or 'halkı uyutmak' (to keep the public 'asleep' or uninformed). You can switch between formal and slang registers effortlessly, using terms like 'sızmak' (to pass out) in informal settings and 'istirahat etmek' (to rest/sleep) in formal ones. Your mastery of the causative, passive, and reflexive forms of the verb is complete. You can write essays or give presentations where 'uyumak' serves as a central metaphor for societal stagnation or individual peace. You also understand the cultural history behind Turkish lullabies and how the concept of sleep has evolved in Turkish literature.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'uyumak' and all its derivatives. You can catch subtle puns and wordplay involving the verb in complex literature or high-level political satire. You understand the deepest philosophical implications of 'the big sleep' (death) in Turkish thought. You can use the verb to express the finest shades of meaning, choosing between various synonyms and related phrases to achieve a specific rhetorical effect. You are capable of translating complex texts involving sleep-related metaphors from English to Turkish and vice versa, maintaining the correct cultural and emotional weight. You can engage in deep discussions about the neurological processes of sleep using the verb in highly technical contexts. For you, 'uyumak' is not just a verb; it's a versatile tool that you can manipulate to suit any possible communicative need, from the most mundane domestic remark to the most profound philosophical inquiry.

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Practícalo Ejemplos Notas y consejos

uyumak en 30 segundos

Primary Turkish verb for 'to sleep', essential for daily routine and health discussions.
Follows regular -mak conjugation rules with back-vowel harmony (uyu-mak).
Used both literally (biological sleep) and metaphorically (dormancy or ignorance).
Forms key compound verbs like 'uyuyakalmak' (to fall asleep accidentally).

The Turkish verb uyumak is one of the most fundamental building blocks of the Turkish language, equivalent to the English verb 'to sleep'. At its core, it describes the natural, recurring state of rest for the body and mind. However, in Turkish culture and linguistics, uyumak carries a weight that extends beyond mere biological necessity. It is used to describe everything from a baby's peaceful slumber to the metaphorical state of a city at night or even a dormant computer. Understanding uyumak requires recognizing its role in daily routines, health discussions, and emotional expressions.

Biological Necessity: In its most literal sense, it refers to the physiological act of sleeping. Whether you are talking about eight hours of nightly rest or a quick afternoon nap, uyumak is your primary verb. It covers all stages of sleep, from the moment you close your eyes to the moment you wake up.
Metaphorical Inactivity: Beyond biology, uyumak is used to describe things that are 'dormant' or 'inactive'. For instance, a volcano that hasn't erupted in centuries might be described as 'sleeping' (uyuyan yanardağ). Similarly, a project that has been put on hold might be said to be 'sleeping' in a drawer.
Social Contexts: In Turkish social life, asking someone if they slept well (İyi uyudun mu?) is a common way to show care. It is deeply connected to hospitality; a host will always ensure their guest has a comfortable place to uyumak. It also appears in humorous contexts, such as describing someone who is oblivious to what's happening around them as 'sleeping' (Ayakta uyuyor - literally 'sleeping while standing').

Bebek mışıl mışıl uyuyor.
— The baby is sleeping soundly (literally: 'mishil mishil').

Dün gece sadece üç saat uyudum.
— I only slept for three hours last night.

Köpek bütün gün güneşin altında uyudu.
— The dog slept under the sun all day.

Biraz uyumak bana iyi gelecek.
— Sleeping a little will do me good.

In summary, uyumak is an essential verb that transcends simple rest. It is a marker of health, a metaphor for peace or neglect, and a central part of human interaction. Whether you are a beginner learning to say 'I want to sleep' (Uyumak istiyorum) or an advanced student discussing the 'sleeping' state of the economy, this verb is your foundation.

Using uyumak correctly involves mastering its conjugations and understanding its relationship with other words in a sentence. Since it is a regular verb ending in -mak, it follows standard Turkish vowel harmony rules. This means the vowels in the suffixes will change based on the last vowel of the root uyu-.

The Present Continuous (Current Action): To say someone is currently sleeping, use uyuyor. Example: "Ali şu an uyuyor." (Ali is sleeping right now). Note how the -yor suffix attaches directly to the root uyu-.
The Past Tense (Completed Action): To describe sleep that has already happened, use uyudu. Example: "Dün çok erken uyudum." (I slept very early yesterday). The -du suffix indicates the definite past.
The Future Tense (Planned Action): To talk about future sleep, use uyuyacak. Example: "Yarın geç uyuyacağım." (I will sleep late tomorrow). Notice the buffer letter 'y' between the root uyu- and the suffix -acak.

Işıkları kapat, çocuklar uyuyor.
— Turn off the lights, the children are sleeping.

In complex sentences, uyumak often takes the infinitive form to express desire or necessity. For example, "Uyumak istiyorum" (I want to sleep) or "Uyumam lazım" (I need to sleep). The latter uses the possessive-suffixed infinitive uyuma-m.

Televizyonun karşısında uyuyakalmışım.
— I accidentally fell asleep in front of the TV (inferred past).

The word uyuyakalmak (to fall asleep accidentally/suddenly) is a compound verb derived from uyumak and kalmak. It is extremely common in daily speech when you didn't intend to sleep but did so anyway.

You will hear uyumak everywhere in Turkey, from the quietest bedrooms to the busiest offices. It is a staple of everyday conversation, media, and literature. Here are the most common environments where this word surfaces:

At Home: Parents telling their children to go to sleep: "Hadi, uyuma vakti!" (Come on, time to sleep!). Spouses asking each other: "Dün gece iyi uyudun mu?" (Did you sleep well last night?). It's the language of domestic comfort.
In the Workplace: Colleagues complaining about fatigue: "Hiç uyumadım, çok yorgunum." (I didn't sleep at all, I'm very tired). Or a boss jokingly warning an employee who looks drowsy: "Masada uyuma sakın!" (Don't you dare sleep at the desk!).
In Public Transport: Observing people on the Metrobus or ferry in Istanbul: "Bak, amca ayakta uyuyor." (Look, the uncle is sleeping while standing). It's a common sight in the hustle and bustle of big cities.

Doktor, günde en az yedi saat uyumanız gerektiğini söyledi.
— The doctor said you need to sleep at least seven hours a day.

In Turkish songs and poetry, uyumak often represents peace, death, or the end of a struggle. A famous lullaby might start with "Uyusun da büyüsün" (Let him sleep so he can grow). In news reports, you might hear about 'sleeping cells' (uyuyan hücreler) in a security context. The word is versatile, moving from the literal to the highly figurative with ease.

Even though uyumak seems simple, English speakers often trip over specific Turkish nuances. Here are the pitfalls to avoid:

Confusing 'To Sleep' with 'To Fall Asleep': In English, 'I slept at 10 PM' can mean 'I went to bed/fell asleep at 10 PM.' In Turkish, uyumak describes the state. To say you started sleeping, use uykuya daldım or yattım (went to bed). Saying "Saat on’da uyudum" is okay, but "Saat on’da yattım" is often more natural for the act of going to bed.
Transitive vs. Intransitive Use: You cannot 'sleep someone' in Turkish. To put someone to sleep (like a baby), you must use the causative form: uyutmak. Example: "Bebeği uyutuyorum" (I am putting the baby to sleep). Using uyumak here is a major grammatical error.
Vowel Harmony in Conjugation: Because the root ends in 'u', beginners sometimes get confused with suffixes. Remember that 'u' is a back-rounded vowel, so suffixes will usually follow the 'u' or 'a' pattern. For example, it's uyuyacak, not uyuyecek.

Yanlış: Ben bebeği uyuyorum.
Doğru: Ben bebeği uyutuyorum.

To sound more like a native, you should know when to use uyumak and when to choose a more specific alternative. Turkish is rich in verbs that describe different qualities of rest.

Kestirmek vs. Uyumak: Kestirmek specifically refers to a short nap, usually during the day. Uyumak is the general term for sleeping, often implying a full night's rest. If you say "Biraz kestireceğim," you mean you'll be back in 20 minutes.
Uyuklamak vs. Uyumak: Uyuklamak means 'to doze off' or 'to be drowsy'. It describes that state where you are fighting sleep, often in a meeting or on a bus. Uyumak is the successful completion of that fight—you are actually asleep.
Sızmak vs. Uyumak: Sızmak is 'to pass out' or 'to crash'. It implies falling asleep very quickly due to extreme exhaustion or, sometimes, intoxication. It's much more informal than uyumak.

Toplantıda uyuklamamaya çalışıyorum.
— I'm trying not to doze off in the meeting.

Finally, consider yatmak (to lie down/go to bed). In many cases where an English speaker says "I'm going to sleep now," a Turk would say "Ben yatıyorum" (I'm lying down/going to bed), even if the ultimate goal is sleep.

How Formal Is It?

Dato curioso

The word for 'sleep' (uyku) is actually a noun derived from the verb 'uyumak'. In many languages, it's the other way around, but in Turkish, the action is the base.

Guía de pronunciación

UK /u.ju.ˈmak/

US /u.ju.ˈmɑk/

The stress falls on the final syllable: u-yu-MAK.

Rima con

duymak (to hear) uymak (to fit) doymak (to be full) koymak (to put) yaymak (to spread) saymak (to count) caymak (to give up) kaymak (to slide)

Errores comunes

Pronouncing 'u' as 'uh' (like in 'up'). In Turkish, 'u' is always rounded like 'oo'.
Stress on the first syllable. Turkish verbs usually take stress on the suffix.
Softening the 'k' at the end. It should be a crisp, voiceless velar plosive.
Confusing the 'y' sound with a vowel; it is a clear consonant here.
Merging the two 'u' sounds into one long vowel.

Nivel de dificultad

Lectura 1/5

Very easy to recognize in texts as it is a frequent word.

Escritura 2/5

Requires knowledge of vowel harmony for correct suffixation.

Expresión oral 1/5

Simple pronunciation and clear syllables.

Escucha 1/5

Easily distinguishable even in fast speech.

Qué aprender después

Requisitos previos

ben (I) gece (night) yatak (bed) yorgun (tired) saat (hour)

Aprende después

uyanmak (to wake up) dinlenmek (to rest) rüya görmek (to dream) uyutmak (to put to sleep) yatmak (to lie down)

Avanzado

uyuyakalmak uyuklamak uyurgezer uykusuzluk vurdumduymazlık

Gramática que debes saber

Vowel Harmony

Uyu-mak (Back vowel 'u' takes '-mak' not '-mek').

Present Continuous Suffix

Uyu-yor (The suffix '-yor' drops the 'i' because the root ends in 'u').

Buffer Letter 'y'

Uyu-y-acak (Future tense requires a buffer 'y' between two vowels).

Causative Suffix

Uyu-t-mak (Adding '-t' makes the verb 'to cause to sleep').

Ability Negative

Uyu-y-ama-mak (Adding '-ama' expresses the inability to sleep).

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Ejemplos por nivel

Ben her gece sekiz saat uyuyorum.

I sleep eight hours every night.

Present continuous tense (-yor) is used for habitual actions here.

Bebek şimdi uyuyor.

The baby is sleeping now.

Simple present continuous for an ongoing action.

Dün gece çok iyi uyudum.

I slept very well last night.

Past tense (-du) for a completed action.

Uyumak istiyorum.

I want to sleep.

Infinitive form (-mak) used with the verb 'istemek'.

Kardeşim erken uyudu.

My sibling slept early.

Subject-verb agreement in the past tense.

Burada uyuma!

Don't sleep here!

Imperative negative form (-ma).

Annem uyuyor mu?

Is my mother sleeping?

Question form of the present continuous.

Gece uyumadım.

I didn't sleep at night.

Negative past tense (-ma + -dı).

Yarın geç uyuyacağım.

I will sleep late tomorrow.

Future tense with buffer 'y'.

Televizyon izlerken uyuyakalmışım.

I accidentally fell asleep while watching TV.

Compound verb 'uyuyakalmak' in the inferred past.

Biraz uyumam lazım.

I need to sleep a bit.

Necessity structure with possessive infinitive.

Köpek bütün gün uyudu.

The dog slept all day.

Simple past tense.

Hala uyuyor musun?

Are you still sleeping?

Use of 'hala' (still) with present continuous.

Dün akşam erken uyumaya çalıştım.

I tried to sleep early yesterday evening.

Dative case on the infinitive before 'çalışmak'.

O kadar yorgundu ki hemen uyudu.

He was so tired that he slept immediately.

Use of 'o kadar ... ki' (so ... that) structure.

Lütfen sessiz olun, babam uyuyor.

Please be quiet, my father is sleeping.

Polite imperative followed by present continuous.

Bebeği uyutmak çok zor oldu.

Putting the baby to sleep was very difficult.

Causative form 'uyutmak'.

Dün gece gözüme uyku girmedi.

I couldn't sleep a wink last night.

Common idiom involving the noun 'uyku'.

Bu gürültüde nasıl uyuyorsun?

How do you sleep in this noise?

Interrogative 'nasıl' with present continuous.

Yorgun olduğum için erkenden uyumuşum.

Because I was tired, I apparently fell asleep early.

Inferred past (-miş) expressing realization.

Öğleden sonra biraz kestirmek ister misin?

Would you like to nap a bit in the afternoon?

Using 'kestirmek' as a synonym for sleeping shortly.

Uyumadan önce kitap okurum.

I read a book before sleeping.

Ablative case with '-dan önce' on the verb root.

Hava çok sıcak, bu odada uyunmaz.

The weather is very hot, one cannot sleep in this room.

Passive impersonal form 'uyunmaz'.

Onu uyandırma, daha yeni uyudu.

Don't wake him up, he just fell asleep.

Negative imperative and 'daha yeni' (just now).

Düzenli uyumak sağlığımız için kritiktir.

Sleeping regularly is critical for our health.

Infinitive used as a subject noun.

Dün gece deliksiz bir uyku uyumuşum.

I apparently had an uninterrupted sleep last night.

Use of the adjective 'deliksiz' (holeless/uninterrupted).

Sınav stresinden dolayı uyuyamıyorum.

I can't sleep because of exam stress.

Ability negative form (-ama).

Halkı yalanlarla uyutmaya çalışıyorlar.

They are trying to keep the public 'asleep' (ignorant) with lies.

Metaphorical use of the causative 'uyutmak'.

Uykusuzluk problemi çekenler doktora gitmeli.

Those who suffer from insomnia should go to the doctor.

Relative clause with 'çekenler'.

O kadar derin uyuyordu ki gök gürültüsünü duymadı.

He was sleeping so deeply that he didn't hear the thunder.

Past continuous tense used for background action.

Sadece dört saat uyuyarak nasıl bu kadar enerjiksin?

How are you so energetic by only sleeping four hours?

Adverbial '-(y)arak' form.

Şehir gece yarısından sonra tamamen uyuyor gibiydi.

The city seemed to be completely sleeping after midnight.

Simile 'gibiydi' with the verb.

Yazar, bu romanda toplumsal bilincin uyumasını eleştiriyor.

The author criticizes the 'sleeping' (dormancy) of social consciousness in this novel.

Verbal noun 'uyumasını' used as a direct object.

Uzun süredir uyuyan bu volkan her an harekete geçebilir.

This volcano, which has been sleeping for a long time, could erupt at any moment.

Participle 'uyuyan' used as an adjective.

Gece boyu uyuyup gündüzleri çalışan bir düzeni var.

He has a routine of sleeping through the night and working during the days.

Gerund '-(y)up' connecting two clauses.

Uyunması gereken en verimli saatler gece yarısından öncedir.

The most productive hours that must be slept are before midnight.

Passive participle 'uyunması gereken'.

Felsefeciler için uyumak, bazen gerçeklikten kaçışın bir sembolüdür.

For philosophers, sleeping is sometimes a symbol of escape from reality.

Infinitive as a subject in a formal definition.

İlaçların etkisiyle derin bir uykuya daldı.

He fell into a deep sleep under the influence of the medication.

Phrase 'uykuya dalmak' used with a dative object.

Uyumak ile uyanıklık arasındaki o ince çizgide kalmıştı.

He was stuck on that thin line between sleeping and wakefulness.

Comparison between two verbal nouns.

Proje şimdilik uyumaya bırakıldı.

The project has been left to 'sleep' (put on hold) for now.

Dative case on the verbal noun expressing purpose.

Medeniyetlerin çöküşü genellikle entelektüel bir uyuma dönemiyle başlar.

The collapse of civilizations usually begins with a period of intellectual dormancy.

Abstract noun 'uyuma' (dormancy).

Onun bu vurdumduymazlığı, sanki ayakta uyuyor dedirtiyor insana.

His indifference makes one say 'it's as if he's sleeping while standing'.

Causative 'dedirtmek' with a complex idiomatic expression.

Uyuyup kalmak bazen bedenin en büyük isyanıdır.

Falling asleep is sometimes the body's greatest rebellion.

Philosophical subject-predicate structure.

Siyasal iktidar, kitleleri uyutmak adına medyayı bir araç olarak kullanıyor.

The political power uses the media as a tool to keep the masses 'asleep'.

Causative 'uyutmak' in a political context.

Uyuyan bir devi uyandırmak bazen geri dönülemez sonuçlar doğurur.

Waking a sleeping giant sometimes produces irreversible results.

Metaphorical use of 'uyuyan' as an adjective.

Ruhun uyuması, bedenin uyumasından çok daha tehlikelidir.

The sleeping of the soul is much more dangerous than the sleeping of the body.

Comparative structure with verbal nouns.

Ölüm, bazen edebiyatta ebedi bir uyumak olarak tasvir edilir.

Death is sometimes depicted in literature as an eternal sleep.

Passive voice 'tasvir edilir'.

Gecenin sessizliğinde tüm dertler uyumaya çekilir.

In the silence of the night, all troubles withdraw to 'sleep'.

Personification of 'dertler' (troubles).

Sinónimos

kestirmek uyuklamak sızmak istirahat etmek dalmak pineklemek yatmak zıbarmak

Antónimos

uyanmak çalışmak uyanık kalmak canlanmak

Colocaciones comunes

derin uyumak

erken uyumak

geç uyumak

rahat uyumak

hiç uyumamak

deliksiz uyumak

ayakta uyumak

aç karnına uyumak

huzurla uyumak

öğlen uyumak

Frases Comunes

İyi uykular!

— The standard way to say 'Sleep well' or 'Goodnight'. Used when someone is going to bed.

Tamam anne, ben yatıyorum. - İyi uykular canım.

Uykusu gelmek

— To feel sleepy. Literally 'one's sleep is coming'.

Filmin yarısında uykum geldi.

Uykusu kaçmak

— To lose one's sleepiness or be unable to sleep. Literally 'one's sleep has run away'.

Kahve içince uykum kaçtı.

Uyku sersemi

— Grogginess right after waking up. Literally 'sleep-dazed'.

Uyku sersemiyken ne dediğimi bilmiyordum.

Uykusunu almak

— To get enough sleep. Literally 'to take one's sleep'.

Bugün uykumu tam aldım, kendimi çok iyi hissediyorum.

Güzellik uykusu

— Beauty sleep. A nap or sleep taken to look refreshed.

Biraz güzellik uykusuna yatmam lazım.

Kış uykusu

— Hibernation. Used for animals or metaphorically for long periods of inactivity.

Ayılar kış uykusuna yattı.

Uykusu ağır olmak

— To be a heavy sleeper. Literally 'to have heavy sleep'.

Onun uykusu çok ağırdır, top patlasa uyanmaz.

Uykusu hafif olmak

— To be a light sleeper. Literally 'to have light sleep'.

Uykum çok hafiftir, en küçük seste uyanırım.

Uyku tutmamak

— To be unable to fall asleep. Literally 'sleep not holding'.

Dün gece beni bir türlü uyku tutmadı.

Se confunde a menudo con

uyumak vs uyanmak

This means 'to wake up', the exact opposite of uyumak.

uyumak vs uyum

This means 'harmony' or 'compliance'. It shares a similar sound but is unrelated to sleep.

uyumak vs uymak

This means 'to fit' or 'to comply'. It is very easy to confuse for beginners.

Modismos y expresiones

"Ayakta uyumak"

— To be completely unaware of what is happening around you or to be easily deceived.

Herkes projeyi bitirdi, sen hala ayakta uyuyorsun.

Informal

"Gözüne uyku girmemek"

— To be unable to sleep at all, usually due to worry or excitement.

Sınav sonucunu beklerken gözüme uyku girmedi.

Neutral

"Uykusu akmak"

— To look extremely sleepy, as if sleep is 'flowing' from one's eyes.

Gözlerinden uyku akıyor, git artık yat.

Informal

"Uyutup uyandırmak"

— To deceive someone by giving them false confidence and then surprising them.

Rakiplerini önce uyutup sonra uyandırdı.

Metaphorical

"Uyku gözünden akmak"

— Similar to 'uykusu akmak', to be visibly exhausted.

Bütün gece çalışmış, uyku gözünden akıyor.

Informal

"Uykuda gezmek"

— To sleepwalk, or metaphorically to act without thinking.

Adam resmen uykuda geziyor, hiçbir şeyi fark etmiyor.

Neutral

"Derin bir uykuya dalmak"

— To fall into a very deep sleep.

Yastığa başını koyar koymaz derin bir uykuya daldı.

Neutral

"Uyku haram olmak"

— For sleep to become impossible due to distress or a difficult situation.

Bu dert varken bana uyku haram.

Emotional/Poetic

"Uyku basmak"

— To be suddenly overcome by a strong urge to sleep.

Kitap okurken bir anda uyku bastı.

Informal

"Uykusunu dağıtmak"

— To do something to make one's sleepiness go away (like drinking coffee).

Bir kahve içeyim de uykum dağılsın.

Neutral

Fácil de confundir

uyumak vs uyuklamak

Both involve sleep.

Uyumak is the full state of sleep, while uyuklamak is just nodding off or dozing.

Derste uyukladım ama tam uyumadım.

uyumak vs kestirmek

Both mean sleeping.

Kestirmek is always short and usually during the day (a nap).

Biraz kestirip işe döneceğim.

uyumak vs yatmak

Often used interchangeably in English ('I'm sleeping' = 'I'm going to bed').

Yatmak is the physical act of lying down; uyumak is the biological state.

Yattım ama bir saat boyunca uyuyamadım.

uyumak vs sızmak

Both mean falling asleep.

Sızmak implies an involuntary or sudden 'crashing' due to exhaustion.

Yorgunluktan koltukta sızmışım.

uyumak vs uyutmak

They share the same root.

Uyutmak is causative (making someone else sleep).

Annem kardeşimi uyutuyor.

Patrones de oraciones

[Person] [Time] uyuyor.

Ali gece uyuyor.

[Person] uyumak istiyor.

Ayşe uyumak istiyor.

[Person] uyuyakalmış.

Babam koltukta uyuyakalmış.

[Condition] rağmen uyudum.

Gürültüye rağmen uyudum.

Uyunması gereken [Time]...

Uyunması gereken saatleri kaçırdım.

[Metaphor] uyuyan [Noun]...

İçimizde uyuyan devi uyandırdık.

Çok uyudum.

Dün çok uyudum.

Uyumam lazım.

Şimdi uyumam lazım.

Familia de palabras

Sustantivos

uyku (sleep)

uykusuzluk (insomnia)

uyum (harmony - though etymologically different, often confused)

uyuyan (sleeper)

Verbos

uyutmak (to put to sleep - causative)

uyunmak (to be slept - passive)

uyuyakalmak (to fall asleep accidentally)

uyuklamak (to doze off)

Adjetivos

uykulu (sleepy)

uykusuz (sleepless)

uyuyan (sleeping/dormant)

Relacionado

yatak (bed)

yastık (pillow)

rüya (dream)

uyanmak (to wake up)

dinlenmek (to rest)

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Cómo usarlo

frequency

Extremely high; among the top 200 verbs in Turkish.

Errores comunes

Ben bebeği uyuyorum. → Ben bebeği uyutuyorum.
You cannot use the basic verb 'uyumak' transitively. You must use the causative form 'uyutmak' to mean 'to put someone to sleep'.
Dün gece çok iyi uyudum mu? → Dün gece iyi uyudun mu?
Learners often mix up personal endings in questions. 'Uyudun mu' is 'did you sleep', while 'uyudum mu' is 'did I sleep'.
Saat on'da uyudum. → Saat on'da yattım.
While not grammatically wrong, 'yattım' (I went to bed) is more natural for the act of going to bed than 'uyudum' (I was in the state of sleep).
Uyumak için çalışıyorum. → Uyumaya çalışıyorum.
In Turkish, the verb 'çalışmak' (to try) takes the dative case (-a/-e) on the preceding infinitive, not the 'için' (for) construction.
Odanın içinde uyunmaz. → Bu gürültüde uyunmaz.
The passive 'uyunmaz' is usually used for external conditions (noise, heat) rather than just being inside a room.

Consejos

Vowel Harmony Check

Always remember that the root 'uyu-' ends in a back vowel, so all suffixes will follow the 'a/u' pattern. Never use 'e' or 'i' suffixes with this verb.

Use 'Kestirmek' for Naps

If you are talking about a 20-minute nap, 'kestirmek' sounds much more natural and native than 'kestirme uyumak'.

Polite Sleep Inquiries

Asking 'İyi uyudun mu?' (Did you sleep well?) is a very common and polite way to start a morning conversation in Turkey.

Don't be 'Ayakta Uyuyan'

Be careful when people use this idiom; they might be telling you that you're missing something important!

Stress the End

In Turkish, the stress is almost always at the end of the verb. Saying uyuMAK clearly helps you sound more fluent.

Compound Verbs

Master 'uyuyakalmak'. It's one of the most useful compound verbs in daily life to explain being late or missing something.

Listen for 'Uykusu'

When you hear 'uykusu var', it means 'he/she is sleepy'. It's a very common way to describe someone's state.

Lullabies

Learn the phrase 'Uyusun da büyüsün'. It's the most famous line from Turkish lullabies and every Turk knows it.

Sleeping Cells

In news or political contexts, 'uyuyan hücre' refers to a sleeper cell. It's the same metaphor as in English.

Uyumak vs Uyutmak

Never say 'Bebeği uyuyorum'. It must be 'Bebeği uyutuyorum'. The causative '-t' is essential when you are the one making someone else sleep.

Memorízalo

Mnemotecnia

Think of 'U' as a person curled up in bed, and 'YU' as the sound you make when you yawn (Yuuu...). 'MAK' is the action you take. U-YU-MAK.

Asociación visual

Imagine a giant letter 'U' acting as a hammock where someone is sleeping peacefully.

Word Web

Uyku (Noun) Uyutmak (Causative) Uykulu (Adjective) Uyanmak (Antonym) Yatak (Context) Rüya (Context) Gece (Context) Yorgun (Cause)

Desafío

Try to use 'uyumak' in three different tenses today: Tell someone when you slept yesterday, that you are sleepy now, and when you will sleep tonight.

Origen de la palabra

Derived from the Old Turkic root 'u-' meaning 'to sleep' or 'to rest'. This root has been consistent across Turkic languages for over a millennium.

Significado original: The fundamental act of resting through sleep.

Turkic

Contexto cultural

Be careful when using 'uyutmak' (to put to sleep) in a medical context, as it can also mean euthanasia for animals, similar to English.

Unlike English 'to sleep', Turkish often uses 'to lie down' (yatmak) to mean the intention to go to bed.

The film 'Kış Uykusu' (Winter Sleep) by Nuri Bilge Ceylan, which won the Palme d'Or. The famous lullaby 'Dandini Dandini Dastana'. The poem 'Sessiz Gemi' by Yahya Kemal Beyatlı, which uses sleep as a metaphor for death.

Practica en la vida real

Contextos reales

Daily Routine

Erken uyurum.
Geç uyudum.
Kaçta uyuyorsun?
İyi uyudun mu?

Health and Wellness

Uykusuz kaldım.
Uyumam gerekiyor.
Deliksiz uyudum.
Uykumu alamadım.

Travel

Uçakta uyuyabilir miyim?
Otobüste uyudum.
Otelde çok iyi uyudum.
Gürültüden uyuyamadım.

Work/Study

Dün hiç uyumadım.
Masada uyuyakalmışım.
Uykum geldi.
Kahve uykumu açtı.

Parenting

Bebek uyuyor.
Onu uyutuyorum.
Uyuma vakti geldi.
Sessiz ol, çocuk uyuyor.

Inicios de conversación

"Dün gece toplam kaç saat uyudun?"

"Genellikle saat kaçta uyumaya gidersin?"

"Gündüzleri kestirmeyi sever misin?"

"Uyumadan önce kitap okur musun yoksa telefonuna mı bakarsın?"

"Bugün kendini uykusuz hissediyor musun?"

Temas para diario

Dün geceki uykun hakkında yaz. İyi uyudun mu? Neden?

Uyumadan önceki ideal rutinin nedir? Neler yaparsın?

Hiç uyuyakaldığın için önemli bir şeyi kaçırdın mı? Anlat.

Uykunun senin sağlığın ve ruh halin üzerindeki etkilerini düşün.

En ilginç rüyanı gördüğün bir uykunu detaylıca tarif et.

Preguntas frecuentes

10 preguntas

You can use the phrase 'uykuya dalmak' (to dive into sleep) or 'uyuyakalmak' if it was accidental. For example: 'Kitap okurken uykuya daldım.'

Yes, 'uyumak' is a regular verb. It follows all the standard rules for Turkish verb conjugation based on its root 'uyu-'.

'Yatmak' means to lie down or go to bed. 'Uyumak' means to actually be in the state of sleep. You can 'yatmak' without 'uyumak' (e.g., if you have insomnia).

You use the negative ability form: 'Uyuyamadım.' This specifically means you tried but were unable to.

It is an idiom meaning to be unaware of what's happening or to be easily fooled by others. Literally, it means 'sleeping while standing'.

The most common phrase is 'İyi uykular' (Good sleeps/Sleep well) or 'İyi geceler' (Good nights).

Yes, 'uyumak' is used for humans, animals, and even metaphorically for inanimate objects like volcanoes or cities.

The passive form is 'uyunmak'. It is used in impersonal sentences like 'Bu odada uyunmaz' (One cannot sleep in this room).

It is 'uyuyacağız'. Root (uyu) + buffer (y) + future suffix (acak) + personal ending (ız, with k changing to ğ).

It is an onomatopoeic expression meaning to sleep very soundly and peacefully, like a baby.

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