非法 en 30 segundos
- <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> means illegal or unlawful.
- It's used for actions forbidden by law.
- Commonly found in legal and news contexts.
- Often paired with nouns like 'trade', 'entry', 'weapons'.
- Core Meaning
- The word 非法 (fēifǎ) is an adjective that directly translates to 'illegal' or 'unlawful' in English. It signifies something that is against the law, prohibited by regulations, or not permitted by legal statutes. When something is described as 非法, it means it lacks legal authorization or violates established legal principles.
- Usage Contexts
- This term is commonly used in legal discussions, news reports, and formal contexts when referring to actions, activities, or items that are not in compliance with the law. For instance, 非法 immigration refers to entering or residing in a country without proper authorization. 非法 trading denotes conducting business activities that are forbidden by law, such as trading in prohibited goods or operating without a license. 非法 use of property means occupying or utilizing a space without the owner's permission or legal right. The word carries a strong negative connotation, indicating a breach of rules and potential legal consequences.
- Beyond Strict Legality
- While primarily referring to legal prohibitions, 非法 can sometimes be used in broader, though less common, contexts to describe actions that are morally wrong or highly inappropriate, even if not strictly illegal. However, its primary and most accurate application is in situations involving legal contraventions. It is important to distinguish 非法 from words that describe mere inconvenience or minor rule-breaking; 非法 implies a more serious transgression against established order.
在中国，任何非法的集会都会被禁止。(Zài Zhōngguó, rènhé fēifǎ de jíhuì dōu huì bèi jìnzhǐ.) - In China, any illegal assembly will be prohibited.
警方正在调查非法下载的来源。(Jǐngfāng zhèngzài diàochá fēifǎ xiàzài de láiyuán.) - The police are investigating the source of the illegal download.
拥有非法武器是严重的犯罪行为。(Yǒngyǒu fēifǎ wǔqì shì yánzhòng de fànzuì xíngwéi.) - Possessing illegal weapons is a serious criminal act.
- Basic Sentence Structure
- The adjective 非法 (fēifǎ) typically precedes the noun it modifies. This is a common pattern for adjectives in Chinese. For example, you can say 非法移民 (fēifǎ yímín), meaning 'illegal immigrant'. The structure is straightforward: Subject + 非法 + Noun.
- In Declarative Sentences
- In a simple declarative sentence, 非法 functions like any other adjective, describing a noun. For instance: 'This action is illegal.' would be '这个行为是非法的 (Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de).' Note the use of '的 (de)' at the end of the sentence when 非法 acts as a predicate adjective.
- When Used with Verbs
- Sometimes, 非法 can be used in conjunction with verbs, often implying an action done illegally. For example, to say 'They are engaging in illegal trade,' you might say '他们进行非法交易 (Tāmen jìnxíng fēifǎ jiāoyì).' Here, 非法 directly modifies the noun '交易' (jiāoyì - trade), indicating the nature of the transaction. You can also see structures like '受到非法的对待 (shòudào fēifǎ de duìdài)' meaning 'to be treated illegally', where 非法 describes the manner of treatment.
- In Questions
- To ask if something is illegal, you can form questions using the structure: Subject + 是不是 (shì bu shì) + 非法 + 的? For example, 'Is this entry illegal?' could be '这个入境是不是非法的? (Zhège rùjìng shì bu shì fēifǎ de?).
- Adding Nuance
- You can add adverbs to modify the degree of illegality or the certainty of it. For instance, 'completely illegal' could be '完全非法 (wánquán fēifǎ)'. Similarly, 'potentially illegal' might be phrased differently depending on context, but 非法 itself is a direct descriptor of illegality.
我们必须阻止非法捕捞。(Wǒmen bìxū zǔzhǐ fēifǎ bǔlāo.) - We must stop illegal fishing.
这种行为是非法的，不能容忍。(Zhè zhǒng xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de, bù néng róngrěn.) - This behavior is illegal and cannot be tolerated.
未经许可，进行非法采伐是违法的。(Wèijīng xǔkě, jìnxíng fēifǎ cǎifá shì wéifǎ de.) - Conducting illegal logging without permission is against the law.
- Legal and Law Enforcement Contexts
- The word 非法 (fēifǎ) is very common in settings related to law, crime, and justice. You'll frequently hear it in news reports discussing arrests, court cases, or government crackdowns on illegal activities. Police statements, legal documents, and courtroom proceedings are prime environments for this word. For example, a news anchor might report on the confiscation of 非法 firearms or the prosecution of individuals involved in 非法 gambling. Lawyers and judges use this term to describe actions that contravene statutes.
- Government and Policy Discussions
- Government officials, policymakers, and academics discussing regulations and societal issues will often employ 非法. Discussions about immigration policies, environmental protection laws, and economic regulations might involve phrases like 非法 immigration, 非法 dumping, or 非法 financial activities. Speeches by politicians or public service announcements about adhering to the law often feature this word to emphasize the seriousness of breaking rules.
- Business and Commerce
- In the business world, 非法 is used to denote activities that are outside the bounds of legitimate commerce. This could include 非法 manufacturing (producing counterfeit goods), 非法 sales (selling prohibited items), or 非法 land use. Business ethics discussions and legal compliance training materials would likely incorporate this term.
- Online and Digital Contexts
- The rise of the internet has also brought 非法 into discussions about digital activities. You might encounter terms like 非法 downloading, 非法 streaming, or 非法 access to computer systems. Cybersecurity discussions and warnings about online risks often use this word to describe malicious or prohibited digital actions.
- Academic and Research Settings
- In academic research, particularly in fields like criminology, sociology, political science, and law, 非法 is a fundamental term used to analyze and categorize certain behaviors and phenomena. Research papers and scholarly articles will frequently use it when examining the causes and consequences of illegal activities or the effectiveness of legal measures.
新闻报道了非法采矿活动。(Xīnwén bàodào le fēifǎ cǎikuàng huódòng.) - The news reported on illegal mining activities.
政府正在打击非法的野生动物交易。(Zhèngfǔ zhèngzài dǎjí fēifǎ de yěshēng dòngwù jiāoyì.) - The government is cracking down on illegal wildlife trade.
网络安全专家警告了非法软件的风险。(Wǎngluò ānquán zhuānjiā jǐnggào le fēifǎ ruǎnjiàn de fēngxiǎn.) - Cybersecurity experts warned about the risks of illegal software.
- Confusing with '不合法' (bù héfǎ)
- A common mistake is to confuse 非法 (fēifǎ) with '不合法' (bù héfǎ). While both mean 'illegal' or 'not legal', 非法 is generally considered more formal and carries a stronger sense of being strictly prohibited by law, often implying a criminal offense. '不合法' is a more general term for 'not legal' or 'not lawful' and can sometimes be used for less severe violations or when something simply doesn't comply with a rule. For example, a business operating without a license might be described as 非法 (fēifǎ) in a legal context, but simply '不合法' (bù héfǎ) in a less formal discussion about compliance.
- Overuse or Misapplication
- Learners might overuse 非法 for situations that are merely inconvenient or against social norms but not strictly against the law. For instance, describing a crowded bus as 非法 would be incorrect. 非法 should be reserved for actions or items that are explicitly forbidden by legal statutes or regulations. It's important to consider the legal implications before labeling something as 非法.
- Grammatical Placement
- While 非法 is an adjective, learners might sometimes place it incorrectly in a sentence. The standard placement is before the noun it modifies, as in 非法入境 (fēifǎ rùjìng - illegal entry). When used as a predicate adjective (describing the subject after a linking verb), it typically requires '的 (de)' at the end: '这个行为是非法的 (Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de)'. Incorrect placement can lead to awkward phrasing or misunderstanding.
- Using with Abstract Nouns
- While 非法 can modify abstract nouns, learners might struggle with which abstract nouns it naturally applies to. For example, 非法所得 (fēifǎ suǒdé - illegal income) is a common collocation. However, using it with less common abstract nouns without context might sound unnatural. It's best to learn common collocations and phrases to ensure correct usage.
- Ignoring Tone and Formality
- 非法 is a relatively formal word. While it can appear in everyday conversation when discussing serious matters, using it in very casual or lighthearted contexts might sound overly serious or out of place. For instance, calling a child's minor transgression 非法 would be inappropriate. Understanding the register of the word is crucial for effective communication.
Incorrect: 这个行为不非法。(Zhège xíngwéi bù fēifǎ.) - This behavior is not illegal. (This phrasing is awkward and potentially confusing.)
Correct: 这个行为是非法的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.) - This behavior is illegal.
Incorrect: 他非法了。(Tā fēifǎ le.) - He illegal. (Grammatically incorrect as 非法 needs a noun or a predicate structure.)
- 不合法 (bù héfǎ)
- Meaning: Not legal, unlawful. Usage: This is a more general term than 非法. It can apply to anything that doesn't comply with laws or regulations, from minor infractions to more serious violations. 非法 often implies a more severe, often criminal, violation. Example: 他的行为不合法，但可能不是犯罪。(Tā de xíngwéi bù héfǎ, dàn kěnéng bùshì fànzuì.) - His behavior is not legal, but it might not be a crime. vs. 他的行为是非法的，属于犯罪。(Tā de xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de, shǔyú fànzuì.) - His behavior is illegal and constitutes a crime.
- 违法的 (wéifǎ de)
- Meaning: Violating the law, illegal. Usage: This phrase is very similar to 非法 and is often interchangeable. It directly emphasizes the act of breaking a law. 非法 is a single adjective, while 违法的 is a verb-object phrase used adjectivally. Example: 这种行为是非法的。(Zhè zhǒng xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.) - This behavior is illegal. vs. 这种行为是违法的。(Zhè zhǒng xíngwéi shì wéifǎ de.) - This behavior is in violation of the law.
- 禁止的 (jìnzhǐ de)
- Meaning: Prohibited, forbidden. Usage: This term focuses on the aspect of being explicitly forbidden by a rule or authority, which often implies illegality. While something 禁止的 is usually illegal, not everything 非法 is necessarily described as 禁止的 (though there's significant overlap). Example: 抽烟是禁止的。(Chōuyān shì jìnzhǐ de.) - Smoking is prohibited. (This could be a rule in a building, implying it's also against regulations.)
- 犯法的 (fànfǎ de)
- Meaning: Breaking the law, committing a crime. Usage: This phrase is very close in meaning to 非法 and often implies criminal activity. It emphasizes the act of committing a legal offense. Example: 他犯了非法的罪。(Tā fàn le fēifǎ de zuì.) - He committed an illegal crime. (Here, 非法 modifies 'crime'.) A more direct use would be: 这种行为是犯法的。(Zhè zhǒng xíngwéi shì fànfǎ de.) - This behavior is law-breaking.
- 无证的 (wúzhèng de)
- Meaning: Unlicensed, without a permit. Usage: This describes a specific condition that often leads to an activity being considered 非法. It's a cause or a characteristic of illegality. Example: 他在经营无证的餐馆。(Tā zài jīngyíng wúzhèng de cānguǎn.) - He is operating an unlicensed restaurant. (This restaurant operation is likely 非法.)
Comparing 非法 and 不合法:
- 非法: More formal, stronger implication of criminal offense.
- 不合法: More general, 'not legal', can be less severe.
Comparing 非法 and 违法的:
- 非法: A single adjective.
- 违法的: A phrase emphasizing the act of breaking the law. Often interchangeable in meaning.
How Formal Is It?
Dato curioso
The character '法' (fǎ) itself has an interesting etymology. Its ancient form depicts water flowing and a ruler or a judge, symbolizing the cleansing and governing power of law. The combination with '非' (fēi) to create 非法 highlights the direct opposition to this concept of lawful order.
Guía de pronunciación
- Incorrect tones: Mispronouncing the falling tones on both syllables can change the meaning of the word.
- Vowel pronunciation: Not pronouncing the 'ei' and 'a' sounds correctly.
- Confusing with similar-sounding words: Especially if tones are not clear.
Nivel de dificultad
The word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> is relatively straightforward in meaning. However, understanding its nuances and common collocations requires exposure to legal and news contexts. Recognizing its formality and distinguishing it from similar terms like '不合法' can be challenging for intermediate learners.
Accurate usage in writing requires understanding the correct grammatical placement (before a noun or as a predicate adjective with '的') and choosing appropriate collocations. Overuse or misapplication for non-legal transgressions is a common pitfall.
Pronouncing the tones correctly is important. Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> in spontaneous speech requires confidence in its meaning and appropriate contexts. Learners might hesitate to use it for fear of sounding too formal or incorrect.
Recognizing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> in spoken Chinese is generally not difficult due to its clear pronunciation and common usage in media. However, distinguishing its meaning from similar terms in rapid speech might require practice.
Qué aprender después
Requisitos previos
Aprende después
Avanzado
Gramática que debes saber
Adjective Placement: In Chinese, adjectives typically precede the nouns they modify. 非法 follows this rule.
非法 移民 (fēifǎ yímín - illegal immigrant).
Predicate Adjectives: When an adjective describes the subject after a verb like '是' (shì - to be), it is often followed by '的' (de).
这个行为是非法的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.) - This behavior is illegal.
Forming Questions with 是不是 (shì bu shì): To ask if something is 非法, use the '是不是' structure.
这个行为是不是非法的？(Zhège xíngwéi shì bu shì fēifǎ de?) - Is this behavior illegal?
Using Adverbs with Adjectives: Adverbs can modify adjectives like 非法 to indicate degree.
这是完全非法的。(Zhè shì wánquán fēifǎ de.) - This is completely illegal.
Common Collocations: Learning common phrases where 非法 is used helps solidify its meaning and usage.
非法移民, 非法交易.
Ejemplos por nivel
这是非法的东西。
This is illegal stuff.
不要做非法的事情。
Don't do illegal things.
这是非法进入。
This is illegal entry.
非法停车。
Illegal parking.
他们做了非法的事。
They did something illegal.
这是非法交易。
This is an illegal transaction.
非法下载是错的。
Illegal downloading is wrong.
不要买非法物品。
Don't buy illegal items.
那个生意是非法的。
That business is illegal.
The adjective 非法 is used with '的' to describe the noun '生意' (business) as a predicate adjective.
他们被指控非法集会。
They were accused of illegal assembly.
非法 modifies the noun '集会' (assembly).
禁止非法捕捞。
Illegal fishing is prohibited.
非法 directly precedes the noun '捕捞' (fishing).
这是非法移民。
This is illegal immigration.
非法 modifies the noun '移民' (immigration).
警方阻止了非法交易。
The police stopped the illegal transaction.
非法 modifies the noun '交易' (transaction).
拥有非法武器是危险的。
Possessing illegal weapons is dangerous.
非法 modifies the noun '武器' (weapons).
他们正在进行非法活动。
They are engaging in illegal activities.
非法 modifies the noun '活动' (activities).
这是非法下载。
This is an illegal download.
非法 modifies the noun '下载' (download).
政府正在采取措施打击非法采伐。
The government is taking measures to combat illegal logging.
非法 modifies the noun '采伐' (logging).
未经授权，使用公司数据是非法的。
Using company data without authorization is illegal.
非法 acts as a predicate adjective, describing the act of using data.
他们被控非法持有管制物品。
They are accused of illegally possessing controlled substances.
非法 modifies the noun '持有' (possession) in this context, or more precisely, the controlled substances themselves.
这个网站提供非法内容，必须关闭。
This website provides illegal content and must be shut down.
非法 modifies the noun '内容' (content).
警方正在调查非法放贷活动。
The police are investigating illegal lending activities.
非法 modifies the noun '放贷活动' (lending activities).
任何非法的入侵行为都会受到法律制裁。
Any illegal act of intrusion will be subject to legal sanctions.
非法 modifies the noun phrase '入侵行为' (act of intrusion).
他们因非法倾倒废物而被罚款。
They were fined for illegal dumping of waste.
非法 modifies the noun '倾倒废物' (dumping of waste).
公司面临着非法所得的指控。
The company faces accusations of illegal income.
非法 modifies the noun '所得' (income).
该组织涉嫌进行非法武器交易。
The organization is suspected of engaging in illegal arms trafficking.
非法 modifies the noun '武器交易' (arms trafficking).
在公共场所进行非法集会可能导致被逮捕。
Engaging in illegal assembly in public places may lead to arrest.
非法 modifies the noun '集会' (assembly).
未经许可，传播非法信息是违法的。
Disseminating illegal information without permission is against the law.
非法 modifies the noun '信息' (information).
他因非法侵占他人财产而被起诉。
He was prosecuted for illegally seizing another person's property.
非法 modifies the noun '侵占' (seizure/usurpation) in this context.
加强对非法金融活动的监管至关重要。
Strengthening regulation of illegal financial activities is crucial.
非法 modifies the noun '金融活动' (financial activities).
媒体报道了非法窃听丑闻。
The media reported on an illegal wiretapping scandal.
非法 modifies the noun '窃听' (wiretapping).
许多国家都在努力打击非法人口贩运。
Many countries are working to combat illegal human trafficking.
非法 modifies the noun '人口贩运' (human trafficking).
这项政策旨在阻止非法土地开发。
This policy aims to prevent illegal land development.
非法 modifies the noun '土地开发' (land development).
调查揭露了公司长期从事非法倾销行为。
The investigation revealed the company's long-term engagement in illegal dumping practices.
非法 modifies the noun '倾销行为' (dumping practices).
该法案旨在规范网络言论，防止非法信息传播。
The bill aims to regulate online speech and prevent the dissemination of illegal information.
非法 modifies the noun '信息传播' (dissemination of information).
警方破获了一个非法制造假冒奢侈品的犯罪团伙。
The police busted a criminal gang involved in the illegal manufacturing of counterfeit luxury goods.
非法 modifies the noun '制造' (manufacturing) in this context.
政府部门正努力遏制非法采砂对生态环境造成的破坏。
Government departments are striving to curb the environmental damage caused by illegal sand mining.
非法 modifies the noun '采砂' (sand mining).
该案例涉及非法获取和使用商业机密。
This case involves the illegal acquisition and use of trade secrets.
非法 modifies the noun '获取和使用' (acquisition and use).
我们必须警惕非法集资行为，以免遭受经济损失。
We must be wary of illegal fundraising activities to avoid financial losses.
非法 modifies the noun '集资行为' (fundraising activities).
对非法的网络攻击进行追溯和打击是当前网络安全的重要课题。
Tracing and combating illegal cyberattacks is a current important topic in cybersecurity.
非法 modifies the noun '网络攻击' (cyberattacks).
该地区面临着非法采矿带来的严重环境污染。
The region is facing severe environmental pollution caused by illegal mining.
非法 modifies the noun '采矿' (mining).
该跨国犯罪集团涉嫌进行非法洗钱活动，转移了巨额资金。
The transnational criminal organization is suspected of engaging in illegal money laundering activities, transferring vast sums of money.
非法 modifies the noun '洗钱活动' (money laundering activities).
司法部门正在调查涉及非法获取国家机密的泄密案。
Judicial departments are investigating a leak case involving the illegal acquisition of state secrets.
非法 modifies the noun '获取' (acquisition) in this context.
该报告深入剖析了非法移民对区域经济和社会结构造成的复杂影响。
The report deeply analyzes the complex impacts of illegal immigration on regional economy and social structure.
非法 modifies the noun '移民' (immigration).
为了打击非法野生动物贸易，国际社会加强了合作。
To combat illegal wildlife trade, the international community has strengthened cooperation.
非法 modifies the noun '野生动物贸易' (wildlife trade).
这项技术本应用于科研，却被用于非法的目的。
This technology, originally intended for scientific research, was used for illegal purposes.
非法 modifies the noun '目的' (purpose).
对非法制造和销售假药的监管是公共卫生安全的重中之重。
Regulation of illegal manufacturing and sale of counterfeit drugs is of paramount importance for public health and safety.
非法 modifies the compound noun '制造和销售假药' (manufacturing and sale of counterfeit drugs).
该企业因非法排放污染物而被处以巨额罚款。
The enterprise was fined a huge amount for illegally discharging pollutants.
非法 modifies the noun '排放' (discharge) in this context.
对非法侵入个人电脑系统的行为，法律将予以严惩。
The law will severely punish acts of illegal intrusion into personal computer systems.
非法 modifies the noun '侵入' (intrusion).
Colocaciones comunes
Frases Comunes
— Illegal act or behavior.
任何非法行为都将受到法律的制裁。(Rènhé fēifǎ xíngwéi dōu jiāng shòudào fǎlǜ de zhìcái.) - Any illegal act will be punished by law.
— Illegal intrusion or trespass.
未经许可，非法侵入他人住宅是犯罪。(Wèijīng xǔkě, fēifǎ qīnrù tārén zhùzhái shì fànzuì.) - Illegally intruding into another person's residence without permission is a crime.
— Illegal operation or business.
这家餐馆因非法经营而被查封。(Zhè jiā cānguǎn yīn fēifǎ jīngyíng ér bèi chá fēng.) - This restaurant was shut down for illegal operation.
— Illegal publications (e.g., banned books, counterfeit materials).
海关查获了一批非法出版物。(Hǎiguān cháhuòle yī pī fēifǎ chūbǎnwù.) - Customs seized a batch of illegal publications.
— Illegal labor (e.g., working without a permit).
许多非法劳动者面临被遣返的风险。(Xǔduō fēifǎ láodòng zhě miànlín bèi qiǎnfǎn de fēngxiǎn.) - Many illegal laborers face the risk of deportation.
— Illegal intrusion (often used in cybersecurity).
公司加强了网络安全措施，以防止非法入侵。(Gōngsī jiāqiángle wǎngluò ānquán cuòshī, yǐ fángzhǐ fēifǎ qīnrù.) - The company strengthened its cybersecurity measures to prevent illegal intrusion.
— Illegal surrogacy.
在中国，非法代孕是被禁止的。(Zài Zhōngguó, fēifǎ dàiyùn shì bèi jìnzhǐ de.) - In China, illegal surrogacy is prohibited.
— Illegal acquisition or obtaining.
他因非法获取他人信息而受到指控。(Tā yīn fēifǎ huòqǔ tārén xìnxī ér shòudào zhǐkòng.) - He was charged with illegally obtaining another person's information.
— Illegal search.
警方必须遵守法律程序，不能进行非法搜查。(Jǐngfāng bìxū zūnshǒu fǎlǜ chéngxù, bù néng jìnxíng fēifǎ sōuchá.) - Police must follow legal procedures and cannot conduct illegal searches.
— Illegal fundraising or pooling of funds.
许多人因参与非法集资而损失惨重。(Xǔduō rén yīn cānyù fēifǎ jízī ér sǔnshī cǎnzhòng.) - Many people suffered heavy losses due to participating in illegal fundraising.
Se confunde a menudo con
While both mean 'not legal', 非法 is more formal and often implies a more serious offense, sometimes criminal. '不合法' is more general and can apply to less severe non-compliance.
Very similar in meaning and often interchangeable. 非法 is a single adjective, while 违法的 is a phrase emphasizing the act of breaking the law.
Means 'prohibited'. While prohibited actions are often illegal, 禁止的 can also refer to rules that are not strictly legal (e.g., a school rule).
Fácil de confundir
Both words translate to 'illegal' or 'not legal' and are used to describe actions that do not comply with rules.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) is generally more formal and carries a stronger implication of a criminal offense or a serious violation of law. It's often used in legal contexts and news reports. '不合法' (bù héfǎ) is a more general term for 'not legal' or 'unlawful', and can encompass less severe infractions or simply a lack of compliance with regulations, without necessarily implying criminal activity. For example, operating a business without a specific permit might be described as <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> in a legal notice, but simply '不合法' in a casual conversation about business practices.
他的行为是<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>的，他会被起诉。(Tā de xíngwéi shì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> de, tā huì bèi qǐsù.) - His behavior is illegal; he will be prosecuted. vs. 这个规定<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>不合法</mark>。(Zhège guīdìng bù héfǎ.) - This regulation is not legal.
Both <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> and 违法的 describe something that goes against the law.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) is a single adjective meaning 'illegal'. 违法的 (wéifǎ de) is a phrase derived from the verb '违法' (wéifǎ - to violate the law) and functions adjectivally, meaning 'in violation of the law' or 'law-breaking'. While their meanings are very close and often interchangeable, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> is a more direct descriptor of illegality, whereas 违法的 emphasizes the act of transgression. In many contexts, you can use either, but <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> might be slightly more common as a direct adjective modifying a noun.
警方正在调查<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>交易。(Jǐngfāng zhèngzài diàochá <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> jiāoyì.) - The police are investigating illegal transactions. vs. 这种行为是<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>违法的</mark>。(Zhè zhǒng xíngwéi shì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>wéifǎ de</mark>.) - This behavior is in violation of the law.
Actions that are 'prohibited' are often illegal, leading to confusion between the terms.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) specifically means 'illegal' or 'contrary to law'. '禁止的' (jìnzhǐ de) means 'prohibited' or 'forbidden'. While many illegal acts are prohibited, not all prohibited things are necessarily illegal in a criminal sense. '禁止的' can refer to rules set by authorities that are not strictly laws, like 'no smoking' signs in a private building. However, when a prohibition is backed by legal statute, it becomes synonymous with <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>. For example, 'no entry' signs on private property mean 'forbidden', but entering might only be trespassing, not necessarily a criminal <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> act unless specified by law.
此处<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>禁止</mark>吸烟。(Chùchù <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>jìnzhǐ</mark> xīyān.) - Smoking is prohibited here. (This might be a building rule, not necessarily a criminal offense.) vs. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>持有毒品是犯罪。(Fēifǎ chíyǒu dúpǐn shì fànzuì.) - Illegally possessing drugs is a crime.
Both <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> and 犯法的 relate to breaking the law.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) is an adjective meaning 'illegal'. 犯法的 (fànfǎ de) is a phrase that means 'law-breaking' or 'committing a crime'. It emphasizes the action or the person who commits the offense. While <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> describes the nature of an act or item, 犯法的 describes the act of doing something against the law. They are closely related; an <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> act is often a 犯法的 act.
他们被指控<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>持有武器。(Tāmen bèi zhǐkòng <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> chíyǒu wǔqì.) - They are accused of illegally possessing weapons. vs. 他<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>犯法</mark>了，应该受到惩罚。(Tā <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fànfǎ</mark> le, yīnggāi shòudào chéngfá.) - He broke the law and should be punished.
Having no license (无证) often leads to an activity being considered illegal (<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>).
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) means 'illegal' in general. '无证的' (wúzhèng de) specifically means 'unlicensed' or 'without a permit'. Being unlicensed is often a condition that makes an activity <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>, but it is not the only reason for an activity to be illegal. For instance, selling illegal drugs is <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>, but it's not necessarily because the seller lacks a license; it's because the drug itself is prohibited. However, operating a restaurant without a health permit would be both <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> and <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>无证</mark>.
他经营一家<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>无证</mark>的餐馆。(Tā jīngyíng yī jiā <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>wúzhèng</mark> de cānguǎn.) - He operates an unlicensed restaurant. (This operation is likely <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>.)
Patrones de oraciones
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun
这是<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>停车。(Zhè shì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> tíngchē.) - This is illegal parking.
Subject + 是 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + 的
这个行为是<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> de.) - This behavior is illegal.
Verb + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun
警方阻止了<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>交易。(Jǐngfāng zǔzhǐle <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> jiāoyì.) - The police stopped the illegal transaction.
Subject + 正在 + Verb + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun
他们正在进行<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>活动。(Tāmen zhèngzài jìnxíng <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> huódòng.) - They are engaging in illegal activities.
Noun + (Verb) + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun + 的 + Verb
对<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>倾倒行为的惩罚很重。(Duì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> qīngdǎo xíngwéi de chéngfá hěn zhòng.) - The punishment for illegal dumping is severe.
Subject + 因 + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun + 而 + Verb
他因<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>入境而被逮捕。(Tā yīn <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> rùjìng ér bèi dàibǔ.) - He was arrested for illegal entry.
Adverb + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun
该组织涉嫌<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>长期</mark><mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>交易。(Gāi zǔzhī shèxián <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>chángqī</mark> <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> jiāoyì.) - The organization is suspected of long-term illegal trading.
Noun + (Verb) + <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> + Noun + 的 + Verb
对<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>信息传播的打击力度需要加强。(Duì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> xìnxī chuánbō de dǎjí lìdù xūyào jiāqiáng.) - The crackdown on illegal information dissemination needs to be strengthened.
Familia de palabras
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Cómo usarlo
High in specific contexts (legal, news), moderate overall.
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Using <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> for minor rule-breaking.
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Use terms like '不该' (bù gāi - shouldn't) or '不对' (bù duì - not right) for minor infractions.
<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> specifically refers to actions that violate established laws. Applying it to personal or minor social rules can sound overly dramatic or incorrect. For example, telling a child '你<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>不打扫房间!' (You illegally didn't clean your room!) is wrong; it should be '你不应该不打扫房间' (You shouldn't not clean your room).
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Confusing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> with '不合法' in formal contexts.
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Use <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> in formal legal or news contexts where a serious violation is implied.
While both mean 'not legal', <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> has a higher degree of formality and severity. In legal documents or official reports, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> is often preferred to convey a clear breach of law. For instance, a court might rule an action as <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>, but a general discussion about compliance might use '不合法'.
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Incorrect grammatical placement.
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Place <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> before the noun it modifies, or use it with '是...的' structure as a predicate adjective.
The most common mistake is incorrect word order. <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> functions as an adjective. So, 'illegal activity' is <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>活动 (fēifǎ huódòng). If used predicatively, it becomes 'This activity is illegal' - 这个活动是<mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark>的 (Zhège huódòng shì <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>fēifǎ</mark> de).
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Overusing <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> when a more specific term exists.
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Use more specific terms when appropriate, like '盗版' (dàobǎn - pirated) or '走私' (zǒusī - smuggled), which are types of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> activities.
While <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> is a general term for illegal, there are often more precise words for specific illegal actions. For example, instead of just saying <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> goods, if they are counterfeit, you'd say 假冒伪劣产品 (jiǎmào wěiliè chǎnpǐn). If they are smuggled, you'd use 走私物品 (zǒusī wùpǐn). Using the specific term is often clearer.
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Ignoring pronunciation, especially tones.
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Practice the correct tones for 'fēi' and 'fǎ'.
The pronunciation of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēi fǎ) is crucial. Both syllables have the fourth tone (falling tone). Incorrect tones can lead to misunderstanding or sounding unnatural. For example, saying it with a different tone might sound like a completely different word or phrase.
Consejos
Mastering the Tones
The word 非法 (fēifǎ) has two falling tones (fourth tone in Mandarin). Practice saying 'fēi' and 'fǎ' with a sharp, downward inflection. Misplacing tones can change the meaning entirely, so focus on accurate tonal pronunciation.
Learn Collocations
Memorizing common phrases like 非法移民 (fēifǎ yímín) and 非法交易 (fēifǎ jiāoyì) will greatly improve your fluency and accuracy. These fixed expressions are frequently used and help solidify the word's meaning.
Predicate Adjectives
When 非法 follows a linking verb like '是' (shì), remember to add '的' (de) at the end for a complete predicate adjective phrase: '这个行为是非法的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.)'
Listen for Context
When you hear 非法, pay attention to the surrounding words. Is it describing a person, an action, a product, or a place? This will help you understand the specific type of illegality being discussed.
vs. '不合法'
Remember that 非法 is more formal and implies a stronger legal violation than '不合法' (bù héfǎ), which is more general. Choose 非法 for serious legal breaches.
Use in Sentences
Practice creating your own sentences using 非法. Try to describe different scenarios like 非法 immigration, 非法 downloading, or 非法 trade.
Meaning Breakdown
The character '非' (fēi) means 'not' and '法' (fǎ) means 'law'. So, 非法 literally means 'not law', which directly translates to illegal.
Cultural Significance
In Chinese culture, respect for law and order is important. The term 非法 is used seriously to denote actions that disrupt this order and are subject to legal consequences.
Regular Review
Revisit the definitions, examples, and collocations of 非法 regularly. Consistent review will help embed the word into your active vocabulary.
Memorízalo
Mnemotecnia
Imagine a judge holding a gavel ('法') and shaking his head 'no' ('非') at a defendant. This visual represents something that is 'not legal'. Alternatively, think of a big red 'X' (representing '非' - not) over a law book ('法').
Asociación visual
Picture a 'No Entry' sign (a red circle with a line through it, representing '非') superimposed on a courthouse or a law book ('法'). This strongly associates the word with something forbidden by law.
Word Web
Desafío
Try to find five news headlines in Chinese that use the word 非法 and try to summarize the context of each headline in English. This will help you see the word in real-world applications.
Origen de la palabra
The term 非法 (fēifǎ) is a compound word formed from two characters. '非' (fēi) means 'not', 'un-', or 'non-'. '法' (fǎ) means 'law' or 'method'. Together, they literally mean 'not law', hence 'illegal' or 'unlawful'. This etymology clearly points to its meaning of being contrary to established legal principles.
Significado original: Not according to law.
Sino-TibetanContexto cultural
The term 非法 should be used with care, as it denotes serious transgressions. It is not a term to be used lightly or for minor social improprieties. Misusing it can be offensive or misleading. When discussing sensitive topics like immigration or certain economic activities, ensure the context justifies the use of 非法.
In English-speaking countries, 'illegal' is also a fundamental term in legal and social discourse, carrying similar connotations of law violation and potential penalties. The legal systems, while different in structure, share the common goal of defining and enforcing what is lawful versus unlawful.
Practica en la vida real
Contextos reales
News reports about crime and law enforcement.
- 非法交易 (fēifǎ jiāoyì)
- 非法持有 (fēifǎ chíyǒu)
- 非法集会 (fēifǎ jíhuì)
- 警方调查非法活动 (jǐngfāng diàochá fēifǎ huódòng)
Government announcements and policy discussions.
- 打击非法活动 (dǎjí fēifǎ huódòng)
- 防止非法移民 (fángzhǐ fēifǎ yímín)
- 非法倾倒废物 (fēifǎ qīngdǎo fèiwù)
- 加强对非法采伐的监管 (jiāqiáng duì fēifǎ cǎifá de jiānguǎn)
Legal documents and court proceedings.
- 构成非法侵占 (gòuchéng fēifǎ qīnzhàn)
- 面临非法所得的指控 (miànlín fēifǎ suǒdé de zhǐkòng)
- 非法获取信息 (fēifǎ huòqǔ xìnxī)
- 非法搜查 (fēifǎ sōuchá)
Discussions about online activities and technology.
- 非法下载 (fēifǎ xiàzài)
- 非法侵入系统 (fēifǎ qīnrù xìtǒng)
- 非法信息传播 (fēifǎ xìnxī chuánbō)
- 非法使用软件 (fēifǎ shǐyòng ruǎnjiàn)
Business and trade regulations.
- 非法经营 (fēifǎ jīngyíng)
- 非法制造假冒产品 (fēifǎ zhìzào jiǎmào chǎnpǐn)
- 非法金融活动 (fēifǎ jīnróng huódòng)
- 非法代孕 (fēifǎ dàiyùn)
Inicios de conversación
"Have you heard about the recent news regarding 非法 activities in our city?"
"What are some common examples of 非法 actions that people should be aware of?"
"How does the law in China define 非法 immigration?"
"In your opinion, what are the biggest challenges in combating 非法 downloading?"
"What is the difference between 非法 and '不合法' in Chinese?"
Temas para diario
Describe a situation where you encountered the term <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> in a news article or conversation. What was the context?
Imagine you are a legal advisor. How would you explain the consequences of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> activities to someone who is unaware.
Reflect on the importance of laws in society. How does the existence of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> actions highlight the need for legal frameworks?
Write a short story where a character unintentionally engages in an <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> act. How do they realize their mistake and what do they do?
Compare and contrast the usage of <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> with its antonym '合法' in at least three different sentences.
Preguntas frecuentes
10 preguntasWhile both translate to 'illegal' or 'not legal', 非法 is generally more formal and implies a more serious violation of the law, often a criminal offense. '不合法' is a broader term for 'not legal' or 'unlawful' and can cover less severe infractions or simply a lack of compliance with rules. For instance, a serious crime might be described as 非法, while a minor administrative issue might be '不合法'.
Primarily, 非法 is strictly for things that are against the law. While an illegal act might also be morally wrong, the word 非法 specifically refers to the legal status. If something is only morally wrong but not against the law, you would use other terms to describe it, not 非法.
Very common collocations include 非法移民 (illegal immigration), 非法交易 (illegal transaction), 非法所得 (illegal income), 非法下载 (illegal download), and 非法集会 (illegal assembly). Learning these will help you use the word correctly.
When 非法 describes the subject after a linking verb like '是' (shì - to be), you typically add '的' (de) at the end. For example: '这个行为是非法的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.)' meaning 'This behavior is illegal.'
Yes, 非法 is generally considered a formal word. It is commonly used in legal contexts, news reports, and official documents. While it can appear in everyday conversation when discussing serious matters, it's less common in very casual or lighthearted settings.
In online contexts, 非法 often refers to actions like 非法下载 (illegal downloading), 非法侵入 (illegal intrusion/hacking), or distributing 非法内容 (illegal content). These activities violate copyright laws, privacy laws, or other digital regulations.
While its primary meaning is legal, in very rare and specific contexts, 非法 could be used figuratively to describe something that is extremely improper or goes against strong ethical norms, even if not strictly illegal. However, this is not its standard usage and can lead to misunderstanding. It's best to stick to its literal legal meaning.
The pronunciation is fēi fǎ. 'fēi' is pronounced like 'fay' with a falling tone, and 'fǎ' is pronounced like 'fah' also with a falling tone. Pay close attention to the tones for correct pronunciation.
The consequences vary greatly depending on the specific 非法 action. They can range from fines and civil penalties to criminal charges, imprisonment, and deportation, especially in cases of serious offenses like 非法 immigration or 非法 trading.
No, 非法 is too strong for minor personal or household rule-breaking. It refers to violations of established laws. For not cleaning your room, you might say '我不该不打扫房间' (I shouldn't not clean my room) or '我没有遵守规定' (I didn't follow the rules), but not 非法.
Ponte a prueba 10 preguntas
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
The word <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> (fēifǎ) is a crucial adjective for describing anything that violates legal statutes or regulations, translating directly to 'illegal' or 'unlawful'. It is frequently encountered in formal settings such as news reports, legal proceedings, and government discussions, where it denotes actions or items that are prohibited by law and may incur penalties. Understanding <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> is essential for comprehending discussions related to crime, compliance, and societal order. For example, <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> immigration refers to unauthorized entry into a country, highlighting its direct link to legal transgressions.
- <mark class='bg-violet-200 dark:bg-violet-800 px-0.5 rounded'>非法</mark> means illegal or unlawful.
- It's used for actions forbidden by law.
- Commonly found in legal and news contexts.
- Often paired with nouns like 'trade', 'entry', 'weapons'.
Mastering the Tones
The word 非法 (fēifǎ) has two falling tones (fourth tone in Mandarin). Practice saying 'fēi' and 'fǎ' with a sharp, downward inflection. Misplacing tones can change the meaning entirely, so focus on accurate tonal pronunciation.
Context is Key
非法 is a formal term. Use it when discussing actual legal violations. Avoid using it for minor social transgressions or personal preferences. Think of it in headlines, legal documents, or serious news reports.
Learn Collocations
Memorizing common phrases like 非法移民 (fēifǎ yímín) and 非法交易 (fēifǎ jiāoyì) will greatly improve your fluency and accuracy. These fixed expressions are frequently used and help solidify the word's meaning.
Predicate Adjectives
When 非法 follows a linking verb like '是' (shì), remember to add '的' (de) at the end for a complete predicate adjective phrase: '这个行为是非法的。(Zhège xíngwéi shì fēifǎ de.)'
Ejemplo
非法活动将受到法律的严惩。
Contenido relacionado
Esta palabra en otros idiomas
Más palabras de business
本事
A2Skill; ability; capability.
相应地
B1Correspondientemente / en consecuencia. Se usa para indicar que una acción se ajusta a un cambio previo.
账号
A2Un número de cuenta o nombre de usuario utilizado para acceder a servicios bancarios o en línea.
客户经理
A2Un gerente de cuentas que se encarga de mantener la relación con los clientes.
账户
B1A record of financial transactions for an individual or business, usually at a bank; or a user profile for a digital service.
会计
A2Un contador es responsable de los registros financieros.
收购
B1Adquirir o comprar una empresa.
商业活动
A2Business activity.
广告费
A2Gastos de publicidad. El dinero que se paga por anuncios en medios de comunicación.
调整
B1Necesitamos ajustar nuestra estrategia de marketing para el próximo trimestre.
