When we say something happens at random, it means it happens by chance. There is no special order or plan.
Imagine you have many toys and you close your eyes and pick one. You pick a toy at random.
Sometimes, if someone you don't know appears, we might say a random person showed up. It means they were unexpected.
When we say something happens at random, it means there's no special reason or plan behind it. Imagine you have a bag of different colored balls, and you pick one without looking; that's picking at random.
It's like when things happen by chance, not because someone decided they should happen that way. So, there's no pattern or purpose guiding the choice.
As a noun, the word 'random' is most commonly found in the phrase 'at random'. This means that things are chosen or happen without any particular plan, pattern, or reason. For example, if you pick a card from a deck at random, you haven't decided which card you want beforehand.
More informally, 'random' can also refer to a person you don't know or didn't expect to see in a certain place or situation. Imagine you're at a party and someone you've never met before suddenly joins your conversation; you might describe them as a 'random' person.
At the C1 level, understanding the nuances of 'random' as a noun is crucial for expressing advanced concepts of probability and unpredictability. While commonly encountered in the phrase 'at random,' signifying a lack of predetermined order or method, its modern informal usage expands to describe an individual encountered without prior expectation or connection. This distinction is vital for both academic and social contexts, where precise language regarding chance and unfamiliarity is paramount. Therefore, mastering both formal and informal applications of 'random' demonstrates a sophisticated grasp of the English lexicon.
At the C2 level, understanding 'random' as a noun moves beyond its common usage to encompass more nuanced applications and implications. While its primary function remains within the idiom 'at random,' signifying a lack of predetermined order or predictability, a C2 grasp also recognizes its contemporary, informal use to denote an individual who is unexpected, unknown, or seemingly out of place in a given situation. This usage often carries connotations of spontaneity or an uncalculated appearance, contrasting with more formal terms for unfamiliar people. Furthermore, at this advanced level, one might consider the philosophical or statistical implications of randomness, understanding it not just as an absence of pattern, but as a concept deeply embedded in probability theory and complex systems.
§ The Prepositional Phrase 'At Random'
The most common and grammatically accepted way to use 'random' as a noun is within the prepositional phrase 'at random'. This phrase signifies an action or selection made without any specific order, plan, or discernible pattern. It implies an element of chance or unpredictability in the process. When using 'at random', you are describing the manner in which something is done or chosen.
The cards were dealt at random to ensure fairness.
They chose names from the hat at random for the prize draw.
§ Informal Usage: 'A Random' (Person)
In more modern, informal contexts, 'random' can be used as a noun to refer to an unknown or unexpected person who appears in a particular situation. This usage is common in casual conversation, especially among younger speakers. It implies that the person is not part of the expected group or is unfamiliar to the speaker.
- Grammar Note
- When used in this way, 'random' is often preceded by the indefinite article 'a' or 'an'.
Some random walked into our private conversation.
We were just hanging out when a random joined our table.
§ Common Mistakes to Avoid
When using 'random' as a noun, it's important to be aware of common pitfalls. The primary mistake is using 'random' as a standalone noun when you intend to describe something as being random (in which case, 'random' would be an adjective).
Incorrect: The choice was a random. (Here, 'random' is incorrectly used as a noun instead of an adjective describing 'choice'.)
Correct (adjective): The choice was random. OR The choice was a random one.
Correct (noun usage): The choice was made at random.
Also, ensure that when you use 'a random' to refer to a person, the context clearly indicates this informal meaning, to avoid confusion.
سطح دشواری
The definition is straightforward, but understanding the nuanced usage 'at random' and the informal meaning might require careful reading.
Using 'at random' correctly in sentences and understanding when the informal noun form is appropriate can be a bit tricky for B2 learners.
Similar to writing, correctly using 'at random' and the informal noun 'random' in spoken English requires practice and familiarity with context.
Understanding the different meanings of 'random' in context, especially the informal use, requires good listening comprehension.
بعداً چه یاد بگیریم؟
پیشنیازها
بعداً یاد بگیرید
پیشرفته
مثالها بر اساس سطح
The children picked flowers at random in the field.
बच्चों ने खेत में बेतरतीब ढंग से फूल चुने।
Here, 'at random' describes how the flowers were picked – without a specific order.
He chose a book at random from the shelf.
उसने शेल्फ से एक किताब यूं ही चुनी।
'At random' indicates that the choice was not planned.
They sat at random tables in the cafeteria.
वे कैफेटेरिया में बेतरतीब ढंग से किसी भी मेज पर बैठ गए।
This means they didn't pick specific tables; they just sat wherever.
The teacher called on students at random to answer questions.
शिक्षक ने बेतरतीब ढंग से छात्रों को प्रश्नोत्तर के लिए बुलाया।
'At random' shows that there was no particular order for calling on students.
We decided to walk at random through the city.
हमने शहर में यूं ही घूमने का फैसला किया।
Here, 'at random' means walking without a specific destination or path.
The lottery numbers are chosen at random.
लॉटरी के नंबर बेतरतीब ढंग से चुने जाते हैं।
This emphasizes that the numbers are selected without any pattern or prediction.
A random person asked for directions.
एक अनजान व्यक्ति ने दिशा-निर्देश पूछे।
In this informal usage, 'random person' refers to someone unexpected or unknown.
Some random cat walked into our garden.
कोई अनजान बिल्ली हमारे बगीचे में आ गई।
Here, 'random cat' means a cat that was not expected or known to the speaker.
The winning numbers in the lottery are chosen at random, making it impossible to predict them.
Los números ganadores de la lotería se eligen al azar, lo que los hace imposibles de predecir.
Here, 'at random' acts as an adverbial phrase modifying 'chosen', indicating the manner of selection.
During the experiment, participants were assigned to different groups at random to ensure fairness.
Durante el experimento, los participantes fueron asignados a diferentes grupos al azar para garantizar la equidad.
Similar to the first example, 'at random' describes the method of assignment.
He picked a book from the shelf at random, hoping to find something interesting to read.
Eligió un libro del estante al azar, esperando encontrar algo interesante que leer.
This sentence uses 'at random' to explain the casual and unplanned way the book was chosen.
The teacher called on students at random to answer questions, keeping everyone attentive.
El profesor llamó a los estudiantes al azar para responder preguntas, manteniendo a todos atentos.
Here, 'at random' emphasizes that there was no particular order or preference in calling on students.
It seemed like a random person had left their bag on the bench, causing some concern.
Parecía que una persona cualquiera había dejado su bolso en el banco, causando cierta preocupación.
In this informal usage, 'a random person' refers to someone unknown or unexpected in that context.
I ran into a random acquaintance at the concert, which was a pleasant surprise.
Me encontré con un conocido cualquiera en el concierto, lo cual fue una agradable sorpresa.
Similar to the previous example, 'a random acquaintance' implies someone not specifically expected to be there.
The security guard questioned a random individual who was loitering near the entrance.
El guardia de seguridad interrogó a un individuo cualquiera que estaba merodeando cerca de la entrada.
This use of 'a random individual' highlights that the person was not known or expected in that specific location.
We received a random call from an unknown number, and we decided not to answer it.
Recibimos una llamada aleatoria de un número desconocido, y decidimos no contestar.
Here, 'a random call' implies an unprompted and unexpected phone call.
The lottery numbers are drawn at random, ensuring fairness and unpredictability in the selection process.
Los números de la lotería se sortean al azar, lo que garantiza la equidad y la imprevisibilidad en el proceso de selección.
Here, 'at random' acts as an adverbial phrase modifying 'drawn', indicating the manner of selection.
During the experiment, participants were assigned to either the control or experimental group at random to minimize bias.
Durante el experimento, los participantes fueron asignados al grupo de control o experimental al azar para minimizar el sesgo.
'At random' is crucial for establishing the scientific rigor of the experiment by ensuring unbiased group assignment.
He picked a book from the shelf at random, hoping to stumble upon something interesting to read.
Tomó un libro del estante al azar, esperando tropezar con algo interesante para leer.
This example emphasizes the lack of specific intention in the selection, highlighting the 'without a definite plan' aspect.
The survey questions were presented at random to prevent any order effects from influencing the respondents' answers.
Las preguntas de la encuesta se presentaron al azar para evitar que los efectos del orden influyeran en las respuestas de los encuestados.
The phrase 'at random' is used here to describe a deliberate methodological choice to ensure data validity.
It was completely out of character for him to just show up at random at the party, considering his usual meticulous planning.
Estaba completamente fuera de lugar que él apareciera al azar en la fiesta, considerando su habitual planificación meticulosa.
This usage of 'at random' implies an unexpected or unannounced arrival, contrasting with his typical behavior.
She often makes her travel plans at random, preferring the spontaneity of discovering new places without a strict itinerary.
A menudo hace sus planes de viaje al azar, prefiriendo la espontaneidad de descubrir nuevos lugares sin un itinerario estricto.
'At random' characterizes her approach to travel planning, emphasizing a lack of pre-determination.
A random showed up at the concert, claiming to be a friend of the band, but no one recognized him.
Un desconocido apareció en el concierto, afirmando ser amigo de la banda, pero nadie lo reconoció.
Here, 'a random' is used informally as a noun, referring to an unknown or unexpected person, as per the modern informal definition.
The security guard was wary of the random who kept lingering near the entrance, as he didn't seem to have a ticket.
El guardia de seguridad desconfiaba del desconocido que seguía merodeando cerca de la entrada, ya que no parecía tener una entrada.
This example further illustrates the informal use of 'random' as a noun to describe an unfamiliar and possibly suspicious individual.
ترکیبهای رایج
عبارات رایج
chosen at random
picked at random
selected at random
happen at random
a random person
just a random
some random guy
a random thought popped into my head
running into random people
it was so random
اصطلاحات و عبارات
"At random"
Without a definite plan, purpose, or pattern; haphazardly.
The winning numbers were chosen at random from a drum.
neutral"Random act of kindness"
A selfless act performed by a person or people wishing to assist or cheer up an individual person or people.
She paid for the stranger's coffee as a random act of kindness.
neutral"Random sample"
A sample in which each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
A random sample of students was surveyed about their opinions on the new curriculum.
formal"Random access"
The ability to access data directly, regardless of its physical location.
Computers use random access memory (RAM) to quickly retrieve data.
formal"Just a random thought"
A thought that comes to mind without any particular reason or connection to the current conversation.
Just a random thought, but wouldn't it be great to take a spontaneous trip next month?
informal"Random guy/person"
An unknown or unexpected person who appears in a specific situation.
Some random guy walked into the party and started dancing.
informal"Random fact"
An interesting but often irrelevant piece of information.
Did you know that a group of owls is called a parliament? Just a random fact for you.
neutral"Random encounter"
An unexpected meeting with someone or something.
I had a random encounter with an old school friend at the supermarket.
neutral"Random luck"
Good fortune that occurs by chance, without any effort or planning.
It was just random luck that I found a parking spot right in front of the building.
neutral"Random chance"
The possibility of something happening by accident, without any predictable cause.
Winning the lottery is purely a matter of random chance.
neutralنحوه استفاده
Usage of 'random' as a noun is generally informal and often carries a casual tone. The most common and formally accepted usage is within the phrase 'at random.' For example, 'The numbers were chosen at random.' When referring to an unknown person, it's typically used in very informal settings, such as 'Some random guy walked into the party.' It is not generally appropriate in formal writing or speech in this context. Use 'at random' when you want to describe something happening by chance or without a specific order.
A common mistake is using 'random' as a noun when an adjective or adverb would be more appropriate. For instance, instead of saying 'He just showed up, it was a random,' it's better to say 'He just showed up, it was random' (using 'random' as an adjective to describe the situation) or 'He just showed up randomly' (using 'randomly' as an adverb). Another mistake is using it as a noun to refer to a thing or event directly outside of the 'at random' phrase. For example, 'That was a complete random' is generally considered incorrect; instead, you might say 'That was completely random.' Remember, 'random' as a noun for a person is very informal and should be used sparingly.
نکات
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words in context. For 'random', think of sentences like 'The cards were dealt at random.' or 'A random person walked into the room.'
Prepositional Phrases
Pay close attention to prepositional phrases. For 'random' as a noun, the key phrase is 'at random'. Practice using it in various sentences.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms for 'at random' such as 'haphazardly', 'arbitrarily', or 'randomly' (adverb). Antonyms might include 'systematically' or 'deliberately'.
Informal Usage
Be aware that the use of 'random' as a noun to mean an 'unknown or unexpected person' is largely informal. Avoid it in formal writing or speech.
Sentence Building
Create your own sentences using 'at random'. For example, 'The numbers for the lottery are chosen at random.' This helps solidify understanding.
Flashcards
Make flashcards. On one side, write 'random (noun)'. On the other, write the definition and example sentences with 'at random' and the informal usage.
Pop Culture Context
The informal use of 'random' for a person is common in younger generations' speech. Listening to podcasts or watching shows might expose you to this usage in its natural habitat. It often carries a sense of unpredictability or slight oddness.
Etymology
Understanding the origin of 'random' (from Old French 'randun' meaning 'running, speed, impetuosity') can help grasp the core idea of lack of control or plan.
Practice Speaking
Integrate 'at random' into your conversations. Try to describe situations where things happen without a plan, like 'The guests arrived at random times.'
Reading Comprehension
When reading, actively look for the word 'random'. Notice how it's used, especially in the phrase 'at random', to understand its nuance in different texts.
حفظ کنید
روش یادسپاری
To remember 'at random' means without a plan, think of 'RAndoM' as 'Really ANy Day, Maybe.' This highlights the unplanned nature.
تداعی تصویری
Imagine a lottery machine with balls bouncing around, each being picked 'at random' with no specific order or intention. Or, for the informal meaning, picture a group of friends chatting, and suddenly a completely unfamiliar person (a 'random') walks into their circle, looking a bit confused.
شبکه واژگان
چالش
Describe a time you encountered a 'random' person in an unexpected place, or explain a situation where decisions were made 'at random' and what the outcome was.
تمرین در زندگی واقعی
موقعیتهای واقعی
When objects are distributed 'at random,' it means they are placed without any particular order or design, often to ensure fairness or unpredictability.
- distributed at random
- placed at random
- selected at random
If a sample is chosen 'at random,' each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, which is crucial for statistical validity.
- chosen at random
- picked at random
- selected at random
In games or experiments, events happening 'at random' implies that their occurrence is due to chance, with no predictable pattern.
- happen at random
- occur at random
- generated at random
When referring to an unexpected person as 'a random,' it often happens in casual social settings, like a party or gathering.
- a random showed up
- some random person
- just a random
Sometimes, 'a random' can be someone you encounter briefly and unexpectedly, often without knowing their identity.
- met a random
- a random person walked by
- talked to a random
شروعکنندههای مکالمه
"Can you think of a situation where choosing something at random would be the fairest approach?"
"Have you ever experienced a time when a 'random' (unexpected person) showed up and changed the dynamic of a situation?"
"In what scenarios is it important for elements to be 'distributed at random' to ensure accuracy or impartiality?"
"How does the concept of 'at random' differ when applied to scientific experiments versus everyday decision-making?"
"What's your opinion on using 'random' to describe an unknown person? Is it always informal, or can it be used in more formal contexts?"
موضوعات نگارش
Describe a time you had to make a choice 'at random.' What was the outcome, and how did you feel about it?
Reflect on an instance where an unexpected 'random' person entered your life, however briefly. What impact did they have?
Consider the role of randomness in creativity or problem-solving. How can introducing 'random' elements lead to new ideas?
Write about a hypothetical situation where ensuring something is truly 'at random' is critical for a positive outcome. What challenges might arise?
Explore the social implications of labeling someone 'a random.' When is it acceptable, and when might it be inappropriate or even harmful?
سوالات متداول
10 سوالThe main way 'random' is used as a noun is in the prepositional phrase 'at random.' This means something is chosen or happens without a specific plan or pattern.
Certainly! An example would be: 'The teacher called on students at random to answer questions,' meaning there was no particular order.
Generally, yes, when referring to the state of being without a plan. However, in more modern, informal contexts, it can be used on its own to refer to a person.
It means in casual conversation, especially among younger people, 'a random' can refer to an unexpected or unknown person who shows up somewhere.
Yes, absolutely! 'A random person' is a very common way to express the same idea in informal settings.
While it's widely understood and used informally, it's generally considered slang or informal usage rather than formal grammatical correctness. In formal writing, you'd usually use 'an unknown person' or 'a stranger.'
As an adjective, 'random' describes something (e.g., 'a random choice'). As a noun, it typically functions within the phrase 'at random' or, informally, refers to an unexpected person.
The word 'random' is generally considered a CEFR B2 level word, meaning it's suitable for upper-intermediate learners.
Not commonly. These are the primary ways 'random' functions as a noun in English. Its noun usage is quite limited compared to its adjective form.
Sure! Imagine a party and someone says, 'Who's that random over by the snacks?' They're referring to someone they don't know who is unexpectedly there.
خودت رو بسنج 126 سوال
The children picked flowers ____.
The phrase 'at random' means without a plan or pattern.
A ___ person came to our party.
In informal English, 'a random person' means someone unexpected or unknown.
We chose a game ____ from the shelf.
'At random' is the correct phrase to express choosing without a specific plan.
If you choose something 'at random', you pick it very carefully.
Choosing something 'at random' means choosing it without a plan or care.
A 'random' person means someone you know well.
A 'random' person means someone you don't know, or who is unexpected.
The teacher picked names at random for the presentation.
This means the teacher chose names without a specific order or plan.
This sentence describes someone choosing a card without any specific plan or order.
This sentence indicates that the toys were scattered without any particular arrangement.
This sentence uses 'random' informally to mean an unexpected person helped.
The students picked their topics ___ random from a hat.
The phrase is 'at random', meaning without a plan or pattern.
He chose a book ___ random from the shelf.
The correct idiom is 'at random' to signify an unspecific choice.
A ___ person walked into the party and everyone wondered who she was.
In informal contexts, 'random' can describe an unknown or unexpected person.
The teacher called on students ___ random to answer the questions.
'At random' means without a particular order or selection.
We made a ___ discovery while cleaning the attic.
Here, 'random' describes something unexpected or unplanned.
Someone just left a ___ comment on my post. I don't know who it is.
In informal use, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person or thing.
The students picked numbers ______ for the game.
The phrase 'at random' means without a plan or pattern.
A ______ person knocked on my door yesterday. I didn't know them.
In informal contexts, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person.
We chose a card ______ from the deck.
The correct phrase is 'at random' when something is chosen without a specific method.
If you choose something 'at random,' you have a special plan for it.
'At random' means without a definite plan or purpose.
When someone says 'a random person,' they usually know that person well.
In informal contexts, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person.
Picking names 'at random' means everyone has an equal chance.
To pick names 'at random' means without any specific order or preference, giving everyone an equal chance.
Imagine you are at a school event. Describe something that happened 'at random'.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
At the school fair, a balloon suddenly flew into my face at random. It was very surprising!
Write a sentence using 'at random' to describe how objects were placed.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
The books were placed on the shelf at random, not in any special order.
Describe a time you met a 'random' person. What happened?
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I was walking in the park and a random person started talking to me about the weather. It was a little strange.
Why did Sarah turn left 'at random'?
این متن را بخوانید:
Sarah was looking for her lost cat. She searched all over her house, opening closets and checking under beds. Finally, she decided to try outside. She walked down the street and then turned left at random, hoping she would see her cat. Suddenly, she heard a meow from behind a bush.
Why did Sarah turn left 'at random'?
The phrase 'at random' means without a definite plan or purpose. Sarah was just hoping to find her cat.
The phrase 'at random' means without a definite plan or purpose. Sarah was just hoping to find her cat.
What does 'random man' mean in this text?
این متن را بخوانید:
During the party, a random man walked into the living room. Nobody knew who he was, and he just stood there for a moment before leaving. It was a very strange and unexpected moment for everyone.
What does 'random man' mean in this text?
In informal contexts, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person.
In informal contexts, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person.
What did the teacher want the students to do?
این متن را بخوانید:
The teacher told the students to pick a book at random from the library shelf. She wanted them to explore different stories and not just choose books they already knew. One student picked a book about space, and another picked a book about animals.
What did the teacher want the students to do?
Picking 'at random' means choosing without a definite plan or pattern, encouraging them to find new books.
Picking 'at random' means choosing without a definite plan or pattern, encouraging them to find new books.
The phrase 'at random' means without a plan, so the sentence describes someone picking a card without choosing a specific one.
In informal contexts, 'a random person' refers to someone unknown or unexpected.
Choosing names 'at random' means they didn't have a specific order or plan for selecting them.
The students picked their topics ___ for their presentations, leading to a variety of interesting subjects.
The phrase 'at random' means without a definite plan or pattern, which fits the context of students choosing a variety of topics without specific guidance.
During the lottery, numbers were drawn ___, so everyone had an equal chance of winning.
'Randomly' is the adverbial form of 'random' and indicates that something happens without a plan or pattern, which is how lottery numbers are drawn.
A ___ guy started talking to me at the bus stop, which was a bit surprising.
In informal contexts, 'random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person, which fits the situation of someone surprising you by starting a conversation.
We decided to choose a movie ___ from the list, hoping for a pleasant surprise.
Choosing 'at random' implies selecting without a particular reason or plan, which aligns with hoping for a surprise.
It felt a bit strange when a ___ dog suddenly appeared in our backyard.
Here, 'random' refers to an unexpected or unknown animal appearing, fitting the informal usage of the word.
The teacher handed out the test papers ___, ensuring no student received special treatment.
Distributing 'at random' means without a specific order or plan, which ensures fairness and no special treatment.
Listen for how the winners were selected.
Pay attention to who entered the meeting.
What kind of movie did they choose?
این را بلند بخوانید:
Can you give me an example of something chosen at random?
تمرکز: random
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Describe a time when a random person surprised you.
تمرکز: random, person
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
How do you feel about making decisions at random?
تمرکز: decisions, random
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Imagine you are at a party and someone you don't know starts talking to you. Describe this situation in 3-4 sentences, using the word 'random' in the informal sense.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I was enjoying the music at the party when a random person came up and started a conversation with me. I didn't know them at all, but they seemed friendly. It was a bit unexpected, but we ended up chatting for a while.
Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) describing a situation where something happened 'at random,' meaning without a specific plan. For example, finding something interesting unexpectedly.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Yesterday, I decided to go for a walk in the park. I didn't have any specific route in mind, just walking at random. Suddenly, I stumbled upon a beautiful hidden garden that I had never seen before. It was a lovely surprise!
You are organizing a game where players have to pick an item 'at random'. Write a simple instruction (1-2 sentences) for the players.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Please close your eyes and pick a card at random from the deck. Do not try to choose a specific one.
What does 'at random' mean in this passage?
این متن را بخوانید:
During the school play auditions, the director decided to choose students at random for the smaller roles. This way, everyone had an equal chance, and it prevented any accusations of favoritism. Many students were surprised but happy with this fair approach.
What does 'at random' mean in this passage?
The passage explains that 'at random' meant everyone had an equal chance and it prevented favoritism, indicating no specific plan or choice was made.
The passage explains that 'at random' meant everyone had an equal chance and it prevented favoritism, indicating no specific plan or choice was made.
Who was the 'random person' in this story?
این متن را بخوانید:
I was waiting for my friend at the coffee shop when a random person came up and asked if the seat next to me was free. I had never seen them before, but they were very polite. It was a little bit unexpected, but a normal occurrence in a busy place.
Who was the 'random person' in this story?
The passage states, 'I had never seen them before,' which means the 'random person' was a stranger.
The passage states, 'I had never seen them before,' which means the 'random person' was a stranger.
Why did they draw names 'at random'?
این متن را بخوانید:
To decide who would go first in the game, we decided to draw names from a hat at random. This was the fairest way to begin, ensuring that no one could complain about the order. Everyone agreed it was a good idea.
Why did they draw names 'at random'?
The passage clearly states, 'This was the fairest way to begin, ensuring that no one could complain about the order,' which explains why they drew names at random.
The passage clearly states, 'This was the fairest way to begin, ensuring that no one could complain about the order,' which explains why they drew names at random.
The lottery numbers are chosen completely ___ , making it impossible to predict the outcome.
The phrase 'at random' means without a definite plan, purpose, or pattern, which fits the context of lottery number selection.
A ___ showed up at the party, and nobody knew who he was.
In informal contexts, 'a random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person, which fits the scenario of someone showing up at a party uninvited or unrecognized.
They scattered the seeds ___ across the field, hoping for a good harvest.
Scattering seeds 'at random' implies they were spread without a specific pattern or order, which aligns with the meaning of the phrase.
She picked a book ___ from the shelf, not knowing what she wanted to read.
Picking a book 'at random' suggests the choice was made without a specific plan or reason, but rather by chance.
During the protest, a ___ person started shouting, distracting from the main message.
A 'random' person here implies an unexpected or unknown individual who appeared in the situation, fitting the informal use of the word.
The detective chose a few houses ___ to interview the residents about the crime.
Choosing houses 'at random' indicates that the selection was made without a particular system or preference, but by chance.
Listen for how the questions were selected.
Pay attention to how the page was chosen.
Notice the description of the person at the party.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Can you give me three examples of things that might happen at random?
تمرکز: random
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Describe a time you encountered a 'random' person in an unexpected situation.
تمرکز: random, unexpected
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Explain the difference between 'at random' and 'by chance'.
تمرکز: random, chance, difference
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Imagine you're organizing a small, informal party. Describe how you would ensure the guest list, music, and food choices are varied and inclusive, avoiding anything chosen 'at random.'
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
To make sure my party is inclusive, I'll deliberately invite friends from different social circles and ask them to suggest music genres they enjoy, rather than just picking songs at random. For food, I'll plan a diverse menu with options for various dietary needs, ensuring no one feels left out. This approach avoids a random mix and creates a more welcoming atmosphere.
Write a short paragraph about a time you encountered a 'random' person in an unexpected situation. Describe the context and your reaction.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
I was waiting for my coffee when a random person, completely unknown to me, started enthusiastically explaining the complex history of coffee beans to the barista. It was quite unexpected, and my initial reaction was a mix of amusement and slight bewilderment. Despite his passion, I just wanted my cappuccino without a lecture.
You are giving advice to a friend about making important life decisions. Explain why it's crucial not to make these decisions 'at random' and suggest a more thoughtful approach.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
When it comes to big life choices, you really can't just pick something at random. That approach can lead to unforeseen consequences and regret. Instead, I'd suggest taking the time for careful consideration, weighing all your options, and reflecting on what truly aligns with your long-term goals. A deliberate decision, even if difficult, is always better than a random one.
According to the passage, why is 'at random' selection important in scientific experiments?
این متن را بخوانید:
In many scientific experiments, it's vital to select participants at random to ensure the results are unbiased and representative of the larger population. Without this random selection, researchers risk skewing their data, which could lead to incorrect conclusions. However, outside of controlled environments, 'random' encounters can often add a touch of serendipity to daily life, though these are typically unplanned and lack scientific rigor.
According to the passage, why is 'at random' selection important in scientific experiments?
The passage explicitly states, 'it's vital to select participants at random to ensure the results are unbiased and representative.'
The passage explicitly states, 'it's vital to select participants at random to ensure the results are unbiased and representative.'
What was the result of the band choosing songs 'at random' for their setlist?
این متن را بخوانید:
The band decided to change up their setlist, choosing songs at random from their entire discography. This led to a very eclectic performance, with old favorites mixed in with lesser-known tracks. While some fans appreciated the unpredictability, others missed the carefully curated flow of their usual shows, preferring a more structured experience over a random assortment.
What was the result of the band choosing songs 'at random' for their setlist?
The passage states, 'choosing songs at random... This led to a very eclectic performance.'
The passage states, 'choosing songs at random... This led to a very eclectic performance.'
What made the 'random' person stand out in the market?
این متن را بخوانید:
Walking through the bustling market, I spotted a random person wearing a fluorescent green hat, which immediately caught my eye. They were deep in conversation with a vendor about exotic fruits, completely oblivious to the unusual sight they presented. It was a brief, amusing moment that stood out in the otherwise familiar chaos of the marketplace, a reminder of the unexpected characters you can encounter in a big city.
What made the 'random' person stand out in the market?
The passage states, 'I spotted a random person wearing a fluorescent green hat, which immediately caught my eye.'
The passage states, 'I spotted a random person wearing a fluorescent green hat, which immediately caught my eye.'
The phrase 'at random' means without a specific order or pattern, which fits the context of dealing cards.
Here, 'random' describes an unknown or unexpected person, a modern informal usage.
To select participants 'at random' ensures there is no bias in the selection process.
The lottery numbers are chosen completely ___ , making it impossible to predict the outcome.
The phrase 'at random' is the correct idiomatic expression to indicate that something is chosen without a definite plan or pattern.
A ___ showed up to the party uninvited, much to everyone's surprise.
In informal contexts, 'a random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person, fitting the context of someone appearing uninvited.
The system generates passwords ___ to ensure maximum security.
The phrase 'at random' is used to describe an action that occurs without a specific order or plan.
During the protest, a ___ person started shouting slogans, inciting the crowd.
Here, 'random' functions as an adjective meaning an unknown or unexpected individual, aligning with the informal usage.
They selected ten participants ___ from the pool of applicants for the study.
The phrase 'at random' is the correct way to express that selections were made without any specific method or bias.
I saw some ___ guy trying to open the locked door; it was quite suspicious.
In this informal sentence, 'random guy' means an unknown or unexpected man, fitting the modern informal usage of the word as a noun referring to a person.
The security system is designed to generate passcodes ______ to prevent unauthorized access.
The idiom 'at random' means without a definite plan or pattern, which fits the context of generating unpredictable passcodes.
During the protest, a ______ started shouting slogans, distracting from the organized message.
In informal modern English, 'a random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person who appears in a situation, making it the most concise and appropriate choice here.
The art exhibition featured pieces collected ______ from various local artists, creating an eclectic display.
The phrase 'at random' is used to describe selection without a specific method or order, perfectly fitting the context of an eclectic art collection.
When you choose items 'at random', you are making a deliberate and planned selection.
Choosing items 'at random' implies a lack of definite plan or purpose, making the statement false.
In a modern informal context, referring to someone as 'a random' suggests they are a well-known acquaintance.
In informal modern English, 'a random' refers to an unknown or unexpected person, not a well-known acquaintance.
If a computer program generates numbers 'at random', it means there's a predictable sequence to them.
Generating numbers 'at random' means without a definite pattern or predictability, therefore the statement is false.
This sentence describes how numbers can be generated without a specific pattern or order, using the phrase 'at random'.
This sentence illustrates the action of choosing something without prior selection or plan, using 'at random'.
This sentence uses 'random' in its informal sense to describe an unexpected and unknown person.
The decision to abandon the meticulously planned expedition was made entirely ___, leaving everyone bewildered by the sudden change in direction.
The phrase 'at random' is the correct idiom to express something happening without a definite plan or purpose.
A seemingly ___ encounter with a retired linguistics professor led to a groundbreaking discovery in ancient dialects.
Here, 'random' acts as an adjective modifying 'encounter,' signifying an unexpected or unplanned meeting. 'At random' is a prepositional phrase.
The security protocol stipulated that a certain percentage of packages would be selected ___ for thorough inspection, ensuring unpredictable scrutiny.
The phrase 'at random' means without a definite plan or pattern, which fits the context of unpredictable scrutiny. 'Randomly' is an adverb.
The sudden appearance of a complete ___ at the exclusive gala caused a stir, as no one recognized his face or knew how he had gained entry.
In informal modern contexts, 'a random' can refer to an unknown or unexpected person. While 'stranger' is also plausible, 'random' specifically emphasizes the unexpected, out-of-place nature as per the definition.
During the chaotic market crash, stock prices fluctuated ___ as investors panicked, selling off their holdings without any discernible strategy.
'Randomly' is the adverbial form, correctly describing how the stock prices fluctuated without a pattern or plan. 'At random' is typically used for selection or occurrence.
The avant-garde artist claimed his brushstrokes were entirely ___, a testament to his belief in pure, uninhibited creative expression.
Here, 'random' functions as an adjective describing the nature of the brushstrokes, emphasizing their lack of preconceived order or plan. 'At random' wouldn't fit grammatically or stylistically.
The curator meticulously arranged the exhibition, leaving nothing to chance; each piece was deliberately placed, eschewing any hint of ____.
The sentence emphasizes deliberate placement and the absence of chance, making 'haphazardness' (the quality of being random or unsystematic) the best fit. 'Fortuity' and 'contingency' relate to chance but aren't nouns for the state of being random. 'Serendipity' is fortunate accidental discovery.
Despite the meticulously planned itinerary, a sense of ____ pervaded their spontaneous road trip, leading to unexpected detours and delightful discoveries.
The sentence describes a planned itinerary contrasted with spontaneous detours, implying an element of 'whim' or 'randomness'. 'Caprice' (a sudden and unaccountable change of mood or behavior, or a whim) captures this well. 'Stochastics' relates to random variables but is a more technical term, less suited for the informal sense implied.
In a truly chaotic system, events unfold with a complete lack of discernible pattern or causality, appearing to occur purely at ____.
The sentence describes events in a chaotic system as lacking pattern or causality, aligning with the idea of 'arbitrariness' (the quality of being based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system). 'Fortuitousness' implies chance but often with a positive outcome.
When a complex algorithm generates a sequence of numbers, and it's described as producing results 'at random,' it implies an underlying, unpredictable non-determinism, even if the process is computationally deterministic.
In a computational context, 'at random' can describe a sequence that appears unpredictable and lacks a discernible pattern, even if generated by a deterministic algorithm (a pseudorandom number generator). The perceived non-determinism is the key.
The phrase 'a random individual' invariably refers to someone specifically chosen for a particular task due to their unique qualifications.
The phrase 'a random individual' typically refers to an unknown or unexpected person, often someone who appears without specific intention or pre-selection, directly contradicting the idea of being 'specifically chosen for a particular task due to their unique qualifications.'
In a philosophical discussion about free will versus determinism, arguing that human choices are often made 'at random' would suggest they are uninfluenced by prior causes or external factors.
To say choices are made 'at random' in this context implies an absence of deterministic causes or external influences, aligning with the idea of choices being made without a definite plan or pattern derived from prior conditions.
The phrase 'at random' implies an absence of specific selection criteria.
Consider the informal usage of 'random' referring to an unexpected person.
The action of splashing paint 'at random' suggests a lack of predetermined design.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Can you explain the philosophical implications of a universe governed by principles of random chance, as opposed to deterministic laws?
تمرکز: random, deterministic, philosophical, implications
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Describe a scenario where introducing a 'random' or unexpected element could disrupt an established system, for better or worse.
تمرکز: scenario, unexpected, disrupt, established
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
این را بلند بخوانید:
Discuss the ethical considerations surrounding algorithms that make decisions 'at random' in critical applications like justice or resource allocation.
تمرکز: ethical, considerations, algorithms, allocation
تو گفتی:
تشخیص گفتار در مرورگر شما پشتیبانی نمیشود. از کروم یا اج استفاده کنید.
Discuss the philosophical implications of pure randomness versus determinism, referencing the concept of 'at random' in human decision-making and scientific observation.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
The age-old debate between determinism and pure randomness delves into the very fabric of existence. Determinism posits that all events, including human actions, are ultimately caused by prior events, leaving no room for true 'at random' choices. Conversely, concepts like quantum indeterminacy suggest an inherent unpredictability at the subatomic level, potentially offering a physical basis for genuine randomness. In human decision-making, while we often perceive ourselves as exercising volition, some psychological theories suggest our choices are merely the product of complex neuronal interactions, a sophisticated form of determinism. However, the experience of making choices 'at random,' such as picking a card without conscious bias, speaks to a perceived, if not absolute, freedom from predetermined paths. Scientific observation grapples with this too, differentiating between truly stochastic processes and those that merely appear random due to incomplete information.
Analyze how the informal use of 'random' to describe an unexpected person or event reflects contemporary societal trends in communication and interaction. Consider its impact on formality and social norms.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
The informal adoption of 'random' to denote an unexpected person or event is a fascinating linguistic snapshot of contemporary societal trends. This colloquialism underscores a growing preference for informality in communication, a shift amplified by digital interactions where brevity and spontaneity often take precedence over formal etiquette. When someone refers to 'some random guy' at a party, it not only implies unfamiliarity but also a lack of preconceived significance, reflecting a transient nature of many modern social encounters. This usage can sometimes flatten social hierarchies, as an 'uninvited random' is perceived outside established social circles. While it imbues language with a sense of casualness and immediacy, it also occasionally blurs the lines of politeness, potentially trivializing interactions that might otherwise call for more respectful address. The evolution of 'random' in this context highlights a cultural lean towards embracing the unexpected and the unscripted, even at the expense of traditional formality, shaping how we navigate and describe our increasingly fluid social landscapes.
Compose a short narrative (approx. 200 words) where a crucial plot point hinges on something occurring 'at random,' and later, an unexpected 'random' individual provides a key piece of information. Ensure the distinction between the two uses of 'random' is clear.
خوب نوشتید! تلاش خوبی بود! پاسخ نمونه را ببینید.
پاسخ نمونه
Elara had spent weeks deciphering the coded manuscript, each symbol a dead end. Despairing, she threw a dart 'at random' at a map tacked to her wall, vowing to research whatever location it landed on. The dart struck a forgotten village in the Pyrenees, a place she’d never considered. This purely random choice led her to an obscure library where, by chance, a dusty journal detailing similar cryptic symbols was found. Just as she began to connect the dots, a 'random' hiker, lost and seeking directions, stumbled into her quiet study. This man, an amateur historian, saw the journal and immediately recognized the symbols as an ancient dialect unique to his family's isolated valley. His unexpected, 'random' appearance provided the Rosetta Stone she desperately needed, unlocking the manuscript’s final secrets. The distinction was stark: the dart throw was a deliberate act to introduce unpredictability, whereas the hiker's arrival was an unforeseen, uninvited element, yet equally pivotal.
According to the passage, what is the key difference between genuine randomness and pseudorandomness?
این متن را بخوانید:
In the realm of statistical analysis, distinguishing between genuine randomness and pseudorandomness is paramount. Pseudorandom numbers, though generated by deterministic algorithms, are designed to exhibit statistical properties akin to true randomness, making them suitable for simulations and cryptographic applications. However, their predictability, even if computationally intensive to discern, means they are not truly 'at random' in the philosophical sense. The existence of a hidden pattern, no matter how complex, fundamentally differentiates them from events occurring without any underlying order or design. This distinction profoundly impacts fields ranging from particle physics to financial modeling, where the assumptions about true or apparent randomness can lead to vastly different conclusions and predictions.
According to the passage, what is the key difference between genuine randomness and pseudorandomness?
The passage explicitly states that pseudorandom numbers, despite appearing random, are generated by deterministic algorithms and possess 'hidden patterns,' which is the fundamental difference from true randomness, which occurs 'without any underlying order or design.'
The passage explicitly states that pseudorandom numbers, despite appearing random, are generated by deterministic algorithms and possess 'hidden patterns,' which is the fundamental difference from true randomness, which occurs 'without any underlying order or design.'
What nuance does the passage introduce regarding 'random acts of kindness'?
این متن را بخوانید:
The concept of 'random acts of kindness' gained popularity in recent decades, advocating for spontaneous, altruistic gestures performed without expectation of reward or recognition. While seemingly embodying the informal sense of 'random' as unexpected, these acts are often driven by a deliberate choice to foster positivity and community, rather than being truly arbitrary. The 'randomness' here lies more in the recipient and the specific timing, not in the intention behind the act itself. This social phenomenon highlights an interesting tension between the casual use of language and the deeper motivations underlying human behavior, suggesting that even seemingly 'random' good deeds often stem from a conscious ethical framework.
What nuance does the passage introduce regarding 'random acts of kindness'?
The passage clarifies that while these acts may seem spontaneous, the 'randomness' is in 'the recipient and the specific timing, not in the intention behind the act itself.' It also states they are 'often driven by a deliberate choice to foster positivity.'
The passage clarifies that while these acts may seem spontaneous, the 'randomness' is in 'the recipient and the specific timing, not in the intention behind the act itself.' It also states they are 'often driven by a deliberate choice to foster positivity.'
How does the passage characterize the role of 'randoms' in urban social fabric?
این متن را بخوانید:
In the chaotic tapestry of urban life, encounters with 'randoms' – unknown or unexpected individuals – are commonplace. These brief interactions, whether a shared glance on a crowded subway or an overheard snippet of conversation in a cafe, form an invisible yet integral part of the city's social fabric. While many such encounters are fleeting and inconsequential, occasionally a 'random' person can unexpectedly alter one's day, offering a piece of advice, a moment of connection, or even a challenge that shifts perspective. This informal usage of 'random' captures the serendipitous and often fleeting nature of human connections in densely populated environments, underscoring how anonymity can paradoxically lead to unexpected, albeit temporary, social bonds.
How does the passage characterize the role of 'randoms' in urban social fabric?
The passage states that encounters with 'randoms' 'form an invisible yet integral part of the city's social fabric' and that 'occasionally a 'random' person can unexpectedly alter one's day.'
The passage states that encounters with 'randoms' 'form an invisible yet integral part of the city's social fabric' and that 'occasionally a 'random' person can unexpectedly alter one's day.'
This sentence uses 'at random' to indicate that the artifacts were scattered without any particular order or plan.
Here, 'random' describes an unexpected or unplanned encounter, fitting the informal usage of the word.
'Random checks' signifies that the checks were done without a predictable pattern, which aligns with the noun form's meaning of 'without a definite plan or purpose'.
/ 126 درست
نمره کامل!
Contextual Learning
Always try to learn new words in context. For 'random', think of sentences like 'The cards were dealt at random.' or 'A random person walked into the room.'
Prepositional Phrases
Pay close attention to prepositional phrases. For 'random' as a noun, the key phrase is 'at random'. Practice using it in various sentences.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Explore synonyms for 'at random' such as 'haphazardly', 'arbitrarily', or 'randomly' (adverb). Antonyms might include 'systematically' or 'deliberately'.
Informal Usage
Be aware that the use of 'random' as a noun to mean an 'unknown or unexpected person' is largely informal. Avoid it in formal writing or speech.
مثال
The teacher picked names at random to answer the questions.
محتوای مرتبط
این کلمه در زبانهای دیگر
عبارات مرتبط
واژههای بیشتر Math
divisions
B1Divisions refer to the acts of separating something into multiple parts or the specific sections that result from such a process. It can also describe disagreements between groups of people or major departments within a large organization or military structure.
proportion
A2نسبت یعنی یه بخش از یه کل، که معمولاً با کلش مقایسه میشه. همچنین نسبت اندازهی دو تا چیز مختلف رو هم نشون میده.
count
A2یعنی شمردن تعداد چیزها. گاهی هم به معنی اینه که چیزی مهمه یا ارزش و اعتباری داره.
addition
B2The act of joining or putting something with something else to increase the size, number, or amount. It can also refer to a person or thing that is added to improve or supplement an existing group or object.
add
A1یعنی چیزی رو به چیز دیگهای اضافه کنی تا مقدار یا کیفیتش بیشتر بشه. توی ریاضی هم به معنی جمع کردن عددها با هم برای رسیدن به یک کل هست.
formula
C1یک سری قاعده یا نماد که رابطه ریاضی یا علمی رو نشون میده. گاهی هم به معنی یه روش امتحانپسداده برای رسیدن به یه نتیجه خاصه.
percentage
C2A percentage is a rate, number, or amount in each hundred, used to express a proportion or ratio relative to a whole. In academic contexts, it specifically refers to the quantitative measurement of a subset compared to the total population or data set.
variable
C1A variable is an element, feature, or factor that is liable to vary or change, especially in the context of a scientific experiment or mathematical calculation. It represents a quantity or characteristic that can have different values depending on the circumstances.
parameter
B2یه محدودیت یا معیار که مشخص میکنه یه سیستم چطور کار میکنه. در واقع یه فاکتور قابل اندازهگیریه که شرایط رو تعیین میکنه.
arithmetic
C1In a manner that relates to the branch of mathematics dealing with the properties and manipulation of numbers. It specifically describes processes carried out using addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division.
