되풀이하다
되풀이하다 en 30 secondes
- Means 'to repeat' or 'to say/do again'.
- Used for clarification, practice, or emphasis.
- Common in daily conversation, education, and skill-building.
- Can describe habitual actions or cyclical events.
- Example Usage
- The teacher asked the students to **되풀이하다** the alphabet song. (선생님은 학생들이 알파벳 노래를 **되풀이하다**라고 요청했습니다.)
- Contextual Nuance
- When someone asks you to **되풀이하다** a question, it means they didn't understand or hear you clearly and want you to say it again.
- Action-Oriented
- Practicing a new skill often involves **되풀이하다** the movements until they become natural.
Please **되풀이하다** the sentence for me. (문장을 저에게 다시 **되풀이하다** 주세요.)
We need to **되풀이하다** the important points of the lesson. (우리는 수업의 중요한 점들을 **되풀이하다** 해야 합니다.)
- Present Tense
- 저는 그 말을 다시 되풀이해요. (I repeat that word again.)
- Past Tense
- 그는 같은 실수를 되풀이했어요. (He repeated the same mistake.)
- Future Tense
- 내일 이 내용을 다시 되풀이할 거예요. (I will repeat this content again tomorrow.)
- Request Form
- 잘 못 들었으니, 다시 되풀이해 주세요. (I didn't hear well, so please repeat it.)
- Nominalization
- 되풀이하기는 어렵지만, 꼭 필요한 과정입니다. (Repeating is difficult, but it is a necessary process.)
The teacher asked us to **되풀이하다** the vocabulary words. (선생님은 우리가 어휘 단어들을 **되풀이하다**라고 요청했습니다.)
Don't **되풀이하다** the same mistake. (같은 실수를 **되풀이하다** 마세요.)
- In Classrooms
- A teacher might say: '중요한 내용은 다시 한번 되풀이하다.' (We will repeat the important content one more time.)
- Everyday Conversations
- If you miss something: '다시 한번 되풀이해 주시겠어요?' (Could you repeat it one more time?)
- Learning New Skills
- Practicing a musical instrument: '이 부분을 계속 되풀이하다 연습해야 해요.' (You need to practice by repeatedly doing this part.)
- Workplace Instructions
- Confirming understanding: '이 지침을 되풀이하다 확인해 주십시오.' (Please repeat these instructions to confirm.)
The students had to **되풀이하다** the lecture notes for the exam. (학생들은 시험을 위해 강의 노트를 **되풀이하다** 해야 했습니다.)
He tends to **되풀이하다** the same story every time. (그는 매번 같은 이야기를 **되풀이하다**는 경향이 있습니다.)
- Confusing with '반복하다'
- Mistake: Using '반복하다' for casual repetition of spoken words. Correct: Use '되풀이하다' for more natural, everyday repetitions.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- Mistake: '나는 그것을 되풀이하다.' (I repeat that - grammatically incomplete). Correct: '나는 그것을 되풀이했어요.' (I repeated that.)
- Wrong Verb Choice
- Mistake: Using '되풀이하다' for academic review. Correct: Use '복습하다' (to review) when studying for exams.
- Object Placement
- Mistake: '되풀이하다 이 말을.' (Repeat this word - incorrect order). Correct: '이 말을 되풀이하다.' (Repeat this word.)
Incorrect: '그는 같은 실수를 반복하다.' Correct: '그는 같은 실수를 되풀이했어요.' (He repeated the same mistake.)
Incorrect: '이것을 되풀이하다.' Correct: '이것을 되풀이해 주세요.' (Please repeat this.)
- 되풀이하다 vs. 반복하다
- 되풀이하다: More general, often for spoken words, actions, or informal repetition. 반복하다: More systematic, procedural, or mechanical repetition.
- For Learning
- 복습하다: Specifically for reviewing or restudying material for academic purposes.
- For Spoken Words
- 다시 말하다: Literally 'to say again,' often used in direct requests for clarification.
- Abstract Repetition
- 역사는 되풀이된다: An idiom meaning 'history repeats itself.'
Instead of '그는 자주 반복하다,' it's often more natural to say '그는 자주 되풀이하다.' (He repeats often.)
For studying, use '시험을 위해 내용을 복습하다.' (Review the content for the exam.)
How Formal Is It?
Le savais-tu ?
The prefix '되-' is quite productive in Korean and appears in many words related to doing something again or in reverse, such as '되돌리다' (to turn back, reverse) and '되살리다' (to revive, bring back to life). This prefix gives a strong sense of recurrence or undoing/re-doing.
Guide de prononciation
- Mispronouncing the initial 'dw' sound as 'd' or 'w' alone.
- Not aspirating the 'p' in '풀' (pul), making it sound like '불' (bul).
- Omitting the 'h' sound in '하다' (ha-da).
- Incorrectly stressing syllables, as Korean stress is generally even.
Niveau de difficulté
The word '되풀이하다' is relatively common and its meaning is quite direct. However, understanding its nuances compared to synonyms like '반복하다' and its usage in various grammatical structures might require some effort for learners. Its presence in everyday conversations and educational materials makes it accessible, but mastering its subtle uses can be a gradual process.
Quoi apprendre ensuite
Prérequis
Apprends ensuite
Avancé
Grammaire à connaître
Verb Conjugation (-아요/어요/해요)
되풀이하다 becomes 되풀이해요 (present neutral politeness), 되풀이했어요 (past neutral politeness).
Negative Imperative (-지 마세요)
같은 실수를 되풀이하지 마세요. (Don't repeat the same mistake.)
Conditional (-면)
이것을 되풀이하면 더 잘 알 수 있어요. (If you repeat this, you can understand better.)
Nominalization (-기)
되풀이하기는 지루하지만 중요하다. (Repeating is boring but important.)
Purpose (-기 위해)
실수를 되풀이하지 않기 위해 노력할 것입니다. (I will strive not to repeat mistakes.)
Exemples par niveau
이것을 다시 되풀이해 주세요.
Please repeat this.
Basic polite request form.
선생님, 다시 되풀이해 주세요.
Teacher, please repeat.
Using honorifics for teacher.
잘 못 들었어요. 되풀이해 줄래요?
I didn't hear well. Will you repeat?
Informal request form.
이 단어를 되풀이해 보세요.
Try repeating this word.
Imperative form with '-어 보세요'.
그는 같은 말을 되풀이해요.
He repeats the same words.
Present tense, neutral politeness.
이 노래를 되풀이해서 들었어요.
I listened to this song repeatedly.
Past tense, using '-어서' for sequential actions.
실수를 되풀이하지 마세요.
Don't repeat mistakes.
Negative imperative form.
이것을 되풀이하면 더 잘 알 수 있어요.
If you repeat this, you can understand better.
Conditional form with '-면'.
제가 방금 말한 것을 다시 한번 되풀이해 줄래요?
Could you repeat what I just said one more time?
Polite request, emphasizing 'just said'.
이 문장은 너무 어려워서 여러 번 되풀이해야 했어요.
This sentence was too difficult, so I had to repeat it many times.
Past tense, expressing necessity with '-해야 했어요'.
그는 항상 똑같은 실수를 되풀이하는 것 같아.
It seems like he always repeats the same mistake.
Expressing an observation or opinion with '-는 것 같아'.
수업 내용을 되풀이해서 공부하면 시험을 잘 볼 수 있을 거예요.
If you study by repeating the lesson content, you will likely do well on the exam.
Conditional form with '-면', future possibility with '-ㄹ 수 있을 거예요'.
이 춤 동작을 되풀이해서 연습하세요.
Practice by repeating these dance moves.
Imperative form with '-세요', emphasizing practice.
그 이야기는 너무 많이 되풀이되어서 이제는 지루해요.
That story has been repeated so many times that it's boring now.
Passive form '-되어서' indicating cause for boredom.
어린이들은 동요를 되풀이하며 즐겁게 노래합니다.
Children happily sing children's songs, repeating them.
Present tense, describing a common action.
실수를 되풀이하지 않도록 주의해야 합니다.
We must be careful not to repeat mistakes.
Expressing obligation or necessity with '-어야 합니다'.
그가 하는 말은 항상 같은 논리를 되풀이할 뿐입니다.
What he says only repeats the same logic.
Emphasizing limitation with '-을 뿐입니다'.
이 복잡한 절차는 몇 번이고 되풀이해야 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있습니다.
This complex procedure must be repeated many times to obtain accurate results.
Expressing necessity with '-어야', emphasizing 'many times' with '몇 번이고'.
오랜 시간 동안 같은 패턴을 되풀이하는 것은 때로는 지루함을 유발할 수 있습니다.
Repeating the same pattern for a long time can sometimes cause boredom.
Using '-는 것은' as a nominalized clause, expressing cause with '-을 유발할 수 있습니다'.
역사에서 같은 실수를 되풀이하지 않기 위해 우리는 과거를 배워야 합니다.
We must learn from the past so as not to repeat the same mistakes in history.
Expressing purpose with '-기 위해'.
그는 자신의 의견을 되풀이하는 경향이 있어서 대화가 진전되지 않았습니다.
His tendency to repeat his opinions prevented the conversation from progressing.
Using '-는 경향이 있어서' to describe a tendency and its consequence.
이 노래의 후렴구는 너무 중독적이어서 저도 모르게 되풀이하게 됩니다.
The chorus of this song is so addictive that I find myself repeating it unconsciously.
Expressing involuntary action with '-게 됩니다'.
협상 과정에서 상대방은 자신의 요구 사항을 끊임없이 되풀이했습니다.
During the negotiation process, the other party constantly repeated their demands.
Using '-었습니다' for past narrative, emphasizing continuity with '끊임없이'.
새로운 기술을 익히기 위해서는 반복적인 되풀이가 필수적입니다.
Repetitive practice is essential for learning new skills.
Using '반복적인 되풀이' for emphasis, '필수적입니다' for necessity.
그는 자신의 이론을 뒷받침하기 위해 동일한 근거를 되풀이하여 제시했습니다.
He repeatedly presented the same evidence to support his theory.
Using '-하여' to indicate the manner of presentation.
반복되는 일상에 지쳐 새로운 자극을 찾아 되풀이되는 삶에서 벗어나고 싶었다.
Tired of the repetitive daily routine, I wanted to escape the cycle of repeating life and find new stimulation.
Using '되풀이되는 삶' to describe a cyclical existence.
교육 시스템은 학생들이 지식을 효과적으로 습득하도록 돕기 위해 내용의 되풀이를 포함해야 합니다.
The education system should include repetition of content to help students effectively acquire knowledge.
Using '내용의 되풀이' as a noun phrase.
그의 연설은 이미 알려진 사실들을 되풀이하는 데 그쳤고, 새로운 통찰력은 제공하지 못했습니다.
His speech merely repeated already known facts and failed to offer new insights.
Using '-는 데 그쳤고' to indicate a limited scope.
우리는 과거의 오류를 되풀이하지 않기 위해 현재의 상황을 신중하게 분석해야 합니다.
We must carefully analyze the current situation so as not to repeat past errors.
Using '-지 않기 위해' to express the purpose of avoiding something.
이러한 문제점들이 계속해서 되풀이되는 근본적인 원인을 파악해야 합니다.
We need to identify the root cause of these problems continuing to recur.
Using '계속해서 되풀이되는' to describe ongoing recurrence.
새로운 아이디어를 창출하는 과정에서 기존의 개념을 되풀이하는 것은 때로는 발판이 될 수 있습니다.
In the process of generating new ideas, repeating existing concepts can sometimes serve as a stepping stone.
Using '되풀이하는 것' as a nominalized clause, '발판이 될 수 있습니다' for potential.
그는 자신의 주장을 강화하기 위해 수사적인 기법으로 같은 말을 되풀이하는 전략을 사용했습니다.
He used the strategy of repeating the same words as a rhetorical technique to strengthen his argument.
Using '되풀이하는 전략' to describe a deliberate approach.
인간의 본능 중 하나는 과거의 경험을 되풀이하며 안전을 추구하는 것이다.
One of human instincts is to seek safety by repeating past experiences.
Using '-는 것이다' to define an instinct.
그 작가는 작품 전반에 걸쳐 특정 상징을 되풀이함으로써 주제를 강조했습니다.
The author emphasized the theme by repeating a specific symbol throughout the work.
Using '-함으로써' to indicate the method of emphasis.
정치적 수사에서 특정 구절을 되풀이하는 것은 대중의 감정에 호소하는 효과적인 방법이 될 수 있습니다.
Repeating certain phrases in political rhetoric can be an effective way to appeal to public emotions.
Using '되풀이하는 것' as a nominalized subject, '효과적인 방법이 될 수 있습니다' for potential.
현대 사회는 소비 문화를 되풀이하며 끊임없이 새로운 상품을 갈망합니다.
Modern society repeats consumer culture, constantly craving new products.
Using '소비 문화를 되풀이하며' to describe a societal pattern.
그의 비판은 문제의 근본적인 해결책을 제시하기보다는 기존의 불만을 되풀이하는 데 그쳤습니다.
His criticism stopped at repeating existing grievances rather than presenting a fundamental solution to the problem.
Using '-기보다는' for contrast, and '-는 데 그쳤습니다' for limitation.
예술 작품에서 특정 모티프를 되풀이하는 것은 작가의 내면세계나 예술적 의도를 드러내는 중요한 장치입니다.
Repeating a specific motif in a work of art is an important device for revealing the artist's inner world or artistic intent.
Using '모티프를 되풀이하는 것' as a subject, '중요한 장치입니다' for significance.
우리가 직면한 위기는 과거에 우리가 되풀이했던 잘못된 결정들의 결과일 수 있습니다.
The crisis we are facing may be the result of wrong decisions we repeated in the past.
Using '되풀이했던 잘못된 결정들' to describe past mistakes.
정보의 홍수 속에서 우리는 유사한 정보들을 되풀이하여 접하게 되며, 이는 피로감을 가중시킬 수 있습니다.
Amidst the flood of information, we repeatedly encounter similar information, which can exacerbate fatigue.
Using '유사한 정보들을 되풀이하여 접하게 되며' to describe repeated exposure.
그는 딜레마에 빠져, 벗어나기 위해 안간힘을 쓰면서도 결국은 동일한 선택지를 되풀이할 수밖에 없었다.
He was caught in a dilemma, and despite desperately trying to escape, he inevitably had to repeat the same choices.
Using '-ㄹ 수밖에 없었다' to express inevitability.
문학 작품에서 반복되는 주제나 상징은 작가의 깊은 사유를 반영하며, 독자에게 다층적인 의미를 되풀이하여 탐색하게 한다.
Recurring themes or symbols in literary works reflect the author's deep contemplation and lead the reader to explore multilayered meanings repeatedly.
Using '다층적인 의미를 되풀이하여 탐색하게 한다' to describe an active interpretive process.
사회 구조적 모순은 종종 세대를 거쳐 되풀이되며, 이는 개혁의 필요성을 절감하게 만든다.
Socio-structural contradictions are often repeated across generations, making the need for reform acutely felt.
Using '세대를 거쳐 되풀이되며' to describe generational repetition.
그의 연설은 수사적 기교를 통해 청중의 공감을 얻으려 했으나, 결국은 익숙한 논리를 되풀이하는 것에 머물렀다.
His speech attempted to gain audience empathy through rhetorical skill, but ultimately remained at repeating familiar logic.
Using '-는 것에 머물렀다' to indicate a lack of progress or depth.
기억의 본질은 과거의 경험을 끊임없이 되풀이하며 현재와 미래를 구성하는 복잡한 신경학적 과정이다.
The essence of memory is a complex neurological process that constitutes the present and future by endlessly repeating past experiences.
Using '끊임없이 되풀이하며' to describe the continuous nature of memory.
기술 발전의 역사는 혁신과 기존 기술의 되풀이 혹은 개선의 연속으로 볼 수 있다.
The history of technological advancement can be seen as a continuum of innovation and the repetition or improvement of existing technologies.
Using '기존 기술의 되풀이 혹은 개선' to describe technological evolution.
인간은 자신도 모르게 과거의 트라우마를 되풀이하는 패턴에 갇히곤 하지만, 이를 인지하는 것만으로도 극복의 첫걸음이 될 수 있다.
Humans unconsciously tend to get trapped in patterns that repeat past traumas, but recognizing this alone can be the first step towards overcoming them.
Using '트라우마를 되풀이하는 패턴' to describe psychological patterns.
문화적 전승 과정에서 특정 관습이나 이야기가 되풀이되는 것은 그 의미와 가치를 보존하고 다음 세대에 전달하기 위함이다.
The repetition of certain customs or stories in the process of cultural transmission is for preserving their meaning and value and passing them on to the next generation.
Using '이야기가 되풀이되는 것은' as a subject, '위함이다' to state purpose.
Collocations courantes
Phrases Courantes
— This is a polite request asking someone to repeat what they said, usually because you didn't hear or understand it clearly. It's very common in everyday conversations.
죄송하지만, 다시 한번 되풀이해 주세요. 잘 못 들었습니다. (Excuse me, please repeat it one more time. I didn't hear well.)
— This phrase means to avoid making the same mistake again. It implies learning from past errors and taking measures to prevent them from happening in the future.
이전의 경험을 바탕으로 같은 실수를 되풀이하지 않도록 노력하겠습니다. (Based on previous experience, I will try not to repeat the same mistake.)
— This is an instruction or suggestion to try repeating something, often for practice or learning purposes. It encourages the listener to mimic or go through the action again.
이 단어를 되풀이해 보세요. 발음이 중요합니다. (Try repeating this word. The pronunciation is important.)
— This describes someone who habitually repeats the same words or ideas, often implying they are not saying anything new or are being redundant. It can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation.
그는 항상 똑같은 주장을 되풀이해서 대화가 진전되지 않습니다. (He always repeats the same argument, so the conversation doesn't progress.)
— This refers to the act of reviewing or going over the material taught in a class. It's a common practice for students to reinforce their learning and prepare for tests.
시험 전에 수업 내용을 되풀이하는 것이 매우 중요합니다. (It is very important to repeat the lesson content before the exam.)
— This means listening to a song multiple times, often because you enjoy it or want to memorize the lyrics or melody. It's a common activity for music lovers.
이 노래가 너무 좋아서 하루 종일 되풀이해서 들었어요. (This song is so good that I listened to it repeatedly all day.)
— This is a well-known idiom suggesting that historical events and patterns tend to recur over time. It implies that lessons from the past should be learned to avoid repeating mistakes.
많은 사람들이 '역사는 되풀이된다'는 격언을 믿고 있습니다. (Many people believe the adage 'History repeats itself'.)
— This phrase emphasizes that something is repeated a great number of times, often to achieve mastery or ensure accuracy. It highlights the intensity of the repetition.
이 복잡한 기술을 배우기 위해 몇 번이고 되풀이해야 했습니다. (I had to repeat this complex technique many times to learn it.)
— This means to make the same mistake again. It's often used in a cautionary way, advising against repeating errors that have been made previously.
같은 실수를 되풀이하지 않도록 주의하세요. (Be careful not to repeat the same mistake.)
— This expresses a desire not to say or mention something again, often because it is unpleasant, sensitive, or has already been discussed. It implies a wish to move past the topic.
그는 더 이상 그 불쾌한 사건에 대해 되풀이하고 싶지 않다고 말했습니다. (He said he didn't want to repeat that unpleasant incident anymore.)
Souvent confondu avec
Both mean 'to repeat'. '되풀이하다' is often more natural for spoken words and informal actions, while '반복하다' can imply more systematic or mechanical repetition. For example, asking a friend to repeat a sentence uses '되풀이하다', while a computer program performing a loop uses '반복하다'.
'복습하다' specifically means 'to review' or 'to study again', usually in an academic context. '되풀이하다' is a more general term for repetition and is not limited to studying.
'다시 말하다' literally means 'to say again' and is often used as a direct request for clarification. '되풀이하다' is broader and can refer to repeating actions as well as words.
Expressions idiomatiques
— This idiom means that historical events and patterns tend to recur over time. It suggests that humanity often makes the same mistakes or follows similar trajectories if lessons from the past are not learned.
우리가 과거의 교훈을 잊으면, 역사는 되풀이된다는 것을 명심해야 합니다. (We must remember that if we forget the lessons of the past, history repeats itself.)
General— This idiom describes someone who talks in circles, repeats themselves unnecessarily, or fails to provide new information. It often implies a lack of clarity or a tendency to ramble.
그는 변명만 계속 되풀이해서 설득력이 없었습니다. (His excuses were just repetitive, so they lacked persuasiveness.)
Informal— This refers to hearing the same predictable or unoriginal statement or idea repeatedly. It implies a lack of novelty and can be used to express boredom or frustration.
또 똑같은 소리만 되풀이하는군. (You're just repeating the same old story again.)
Informal— Literally 'an empty cart makes a lot of noise,' this idiom is often associated with people who talk a lot but have little substance, or who repeat what others say without understanding. While not directly using '되풀이하다', the concept of empty repetition is implied.
그는 아는 것도 없으면서 빈 수레가 요란한 격으로 아는 체하며 되풀이하는 경향이 있다. (He tends to pretend to know things and repeat them emptily, even though he knows nothing.)
Proverbial— This idiom means 'standing still' or 'making no progress'. It implies a situation where things are repeating without advancement, much like walking in place. While not using '되풀이하다' directly, it describes a state of repetitive non-progression.
이 문제는 몇 년째 제자리걸음만 하고 있어서 해결될 기미가 보이지 않는다. (This problem has been stuck in place for years, and there's no sign of it being resolved.)
General— This phrase describes a never-ending cycle or repetition of something, often implying tedium or a lack of resolution. It highlights the continuous nature of the repetition.
삶은 끝없는 되풀이의 연속처럼 느껴질 때가 있다. (Sometimes life feels like a continuous cycle of endless repetition.)
General— This verb means 'to follow blindly' or 'to repeat (mistakes or bad practices) without critical thought'. It's a more formal and often negative term for repetition, implying unthinking imitation.
과거의 잘못된 방식을 답습하다는 것은 매우 위험하다. (It is very dangerous to blindly follow past wrong methods.)
Formal— This refers to 'repeat play' in media players. It's a direct application of repetition for enjoyment or convenience.
이 노래를 너무 좋아해서 반복 재생으로 계속 들었어요. (I liked this song so much that I kept listening to it on repeat play.)
Informal (Technology)— This phrase describes recurring patterns, whether in behavior, events, or data. It's used to identify cyclical or predictable occurrences.
그의 행동에서 되풀이되는 패턴을 발견할 수 있었다. (I could find recurring patterns in his behavior.)
General— This phrase implies that despite efforts or changes, the outcome is ultimately the same as before; a return to the original state or action.
새로운 시도를 많이 했지만, 결국은 똑같은 문제로 되풀이되고 말았다. (We made many new attempts, but in the end, it just repeated into the same problem.)
GeneralFacile à confondre
Both verbs mean 'to repeat' and are often used interchangeably in casual contexts.
'되풀이하다' is generally more common in spoken Korean for everyday repetitions, like asking someone to repeat themselves or practicing a simple action. '반복하다' can sound more formal or technical, often used for systematic processes, data, or mechanical actions. For instance, you would '되풀이하다' a joke for a friend, but a machine might '반복하다' a cycle.
친구에게 농담을 <strong>되풀이하다</strong>. (Repeat a joke to a friend.) vs. 기계가 이 과정을 <strong>반복하다</strong>. (The machine repeats this process.)
'복습하다' involves repeating material, which is a form of repetition.
'복습하다' is specifically about reviewing academic material or learned knowledge, usually for the purpose of memorization or better understanding for exams. '되풀이하다' is a general term for repeating any action or words, not necessarily for academic review. You '복습하다' your textbook, but you '되풀이하다' a dance move.
시험을 위해 단어를 <strong>복습하다</strong>. (Review words for the exam.) vs. 춤 동작을 <strong>되풀이하다</strong>. (Repeat a dance move.)
Both involve continuation or doing something again.
'이어하다' means 'to continue doing' or 'to carry on'. It implies ongoing action, which might involve repetition but isn't solely focused on it. '되풀이하다' specifically means to do or say something *again*. For example, you '이어하다' your work from where you left off, but you might '되풀이하다' a difficult step within that work.
어제 하던 일을 <strong>이어하다</strong>. (Continue the work I was doing yesterday.) vs. 어려운 부분을 <strong>되풀이하다</strong>. (Repeat the difficult part.)
Both are used when something is said again.
'다시 말하다' literally means 'to say again' and is typically used in direct requests for clarification when you didn't hear or understand. It's specific to spoken words. '되풀이하다' is broader; it can refer to repeating words, actions, or even thoughts, and can be used in more general contexts beyond simple requests.
잘 못 들었으니, 다시 말해 주세요. (I didn't hear well, so please say it again.) vs. 그의 말은 항상 같은 결론으로 <strong>되풀이하다</strong>. (His words always repeat to the same conclusion.)
Both involve repeating something.
'답습하다' is a more formal and often negative term meaning 'to follow blindly' or 'to repeat bad practices or mistakes without critical thought'. It implies unthinking imitation or continuing negative patterns. '되풀이하다' is a neutral term for simply repeating something, whether good or bad, intentional or unintentional.
과거의 잘못된 방식을 <strong>답습하다</strong>. (Blindly follow past wrong methods.) vs. 이 노래를 <strong>되풀이하다</strong> 듣다. (Listen to this song repeatedly.)
Structures de phrases
이것을 되풀이해 주세요.
이 단어를 <strong>되풀이해 주세요</strong>. (Please repeat this word.)
그는 [Noun]을/를 되풀이해요.
그는 같은 말을 <strong>되풀이해요</strong>. (He repeats the same words.)
[Noun]을/를 되풀이하지 마세요.
같은 실수를 <strong>되풀이하지 마세요</strong>. (Don't repeat the same mistake.)
저는 [Noun]을/를 되풀이했어요.
저는 그 노래를 <strong>되풀이했어요</strong>. (I repeated that song.)
[Noun]을/를 되풀이해서 [Verb].
이것을 <strong>되풀이해서</strong> 외웠습니다. (I memorized this by repeating it.)
[Noun]이/가 되풀이되다.
같은 문제가 <strong>되풀이되다</strong>. (The same problem is repeated.)
[Noun]을/를 되풀이하는 것은 [Adjective/Noun].
<strong>되풀이하는 것</strong>은 때로 지루합니다. (Repeating is sometimes boring.)
과거의 [Noun]을/를 되풀이하지 않기 위해...
과거의 실수를 <strong>되풀이하지 않기 위해</strong> 노력해야 합니다. (We must strive not to repeat past mistakes.)
Famille de mots
Noms
Verbes
Apparenté
Comment l'utiliser
High. It's a very common verb used in everyday situations.
-
Using '되풀이하다' for academic review.
→
Using '복습하다' for academic review.
'되풀이하다' is a general term for repeating something. While it can apply to studying, '복습하다' is the specific verb for 'to review' or 'to study again' in an academic context. Using '복습하다' makes your sentence more precise and natural.
-
Confusing '되풀이하다' with '반복하다' in formal settings.
→
Using '반복하다' for more formal or systematic repetition.
While often interchangeable, '반복하다' can sound more formal or technical than '되풀이하다'. If you are describing a scientific experiment or a machine's operation, '반복하다' might be more appropriate than '되풀이하다'.
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Incorrect conjugation, e.g., using the base form in a sentence.
→
Conjugating '되풀이하다' correctly for tense and politeness.
Forgetting to conjugate the verb is a common error. For example, instead of saying '나는 이것을 되풀이하다', you should say '나는 이것을 되풀이했어요' (past tense) or '나는 이것을 되풀이해요' (present tense).
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Using '되풀이하다' when '다시 말하다' is more appropriate for a direct request.
→
Using '다시 말하다' for specific requests to repeat spoken words.
'다시 말하다' literally means 'to say again' and is the most direct and common way to ask someone to repeat what they just said. While '되풀이해 주세요' is also understood, '다시 말해 주세요' is often more natural for immediate clarification of speech.
-
Overusing '되풀이하다' when another verb might be more precise.
→
Choosing the most appropriate verb for the context.
For example, if you are talking about reversing something, '되돌리다' is better than '되풀이하다'. If you are talking about continuing work, '이어하다' is more suitable. Be mindful of the specific nuance you want to convey.
Astuces
Master Conjugations
Like all Korean verbs, '되풀이하다' changes its form based on tense, politeness level, and grammatical structure. Practice conjugating it in various forms (present, past, future, imperative, negative) to ensure accuracy in your sentences.
Distinguish from Synonyms
Understand the subtle differences between '되풀이하다', '반복하다', and '복습하다'. While they all relate to repetition, '되풀이하다' is often the most natural choice for everyday, spoken repetitions, whereas '반복하다' can be more formal/procedural and '복습하다' is specific to academic review.
Focus on 'dw' and 'p'
Pay special attention to the initial 'dw' sound and the aspirated 'p' in '되풀이하다'. Practicing these sounds will help you pronounce the word clearly and be understood better.
Use it Actively
The best way to learn '되풀이하다' is to use it! Try to incorporate it into your daily conversations, writing, and even your thoughts. Ask for repetitions, describe your practice sessions, and talk about recurring patterns.
Embrace Repetition for Learning
Korean culture often values diligent practice and repetition for skill acquisition. Understanding this cultural context can help you appreciate why '되풀이하다' is such a common and important verb.
Avoid Overgeneralization
While '되풀이하다' is versatile, be mindful of situations where a more specific verb might be better. For instance, use '복습하다' for academic review rather than '되풀이하다' to sound more natural.
Create Mnemonics
Use visual aids or create memorable stories or phrases to link the sound of '되풀이하다' to its meaning. Associating it with images of practice or repetition can also be effective.
Understand Sentence Patterns
Familiarize yourself with common sentence structures that use '되풀이하다', such as requests ('되풀이해 주세요'), descriptions of habits ('되풀이해요'), and warnings ('되풀이하지 마세요').
Listen for Context Clues
When listening, pay attention to the surrounding words and the overall situation to understand whether '되풀이하다' is being used for clarification, practice, or to describe a recurring event.
Mémorise-le
Moyen mnémotechnique
Imagine a 'door' ('되' sounds a bit like 'door') that you have to go through 'full' ('풀') of times to get somewhere. You have to 'do' ('하다') this action again and again. So, 'door-full-do' – you repeatedly go through a door many times. This is a bit of a stretch, but the 'door' can remind you of '되' and 'full' of '풀'.
Association visuelle
Picture a student endlessly repeating a difficult math problem on a blackboard. Or imagine a singer practicing a song, hitting the same notes over and over again. Visualize a loop symbol (⟳) representing the act of repetition.
Word Web
Défi
Try to use '되풀이하다' in five different sentences today, each describing a different scenario: one where you ask someone to repeat something, one where you describe practicing a skill, one where you talk about a recurring problem, one where you mention reviewing study material, and one where you describe a song you listened to repeatedly. Make sure to conjugate it correctly for each sentence.
Origine du mot
The word '되풀이하다' is formed by combining the noun '되풀이' (repetition) with the verb-ending '-하다' (to do). The noun '되풀이' itself is derived from the verb '되풀이되다' (to be repeated) or the older verb '되풀이하다'. The prefix '되-' often indicates a reversal, return, or doing something again.
Sens originel : The core meaning revolves around the concept of 'doing again' or 'returning to a previous state or action'.
KoreanicContexte culturel
There are no particular sensitivities associated with the word '되풀이하다' itself. However, the context in which it is used can be sensitive. For instance, repeatedly making the same mistake might be seen as a lack of learning or a negative trait, while repeating a lesson is generally positive in an educational context.
In English-speaking cultures, while repetition is acknowledged as important for learning, there might be a greater emphasis on understanding concepts conceptually rather than solely through rote memorization. However, the idea of 'practice makes perfect' is universally understood.
Pratique dans la vie réelle
Contextes réels
Asking for clarification when you didn't hear or understand something.
- 다시 한번 되풀이해 주세요.
- 잘 못 들었어요. 되풀이해 줄래요?
- 뭐라고 하셨어요? 다시 되풀이해 주세요.
Practicing a skill or learning new material.
- 이것을 되풀이해서 연습하세요.
- 여러 번 되풀이해서 외웠어요.
- 수업 내용을 되풀이해야 해요.
Describing habitual actions or recurring events.
- 그는 같은 실수를 되풀이한다.
- 이런 일은 자주 되풀이된다.
- 습관적으로 되풀이하는 행동.
Giving instructions or making requests.
- 이 동작을 되풀이해 보세요.
- 말씀하신 것을 되풀이해서 적으세요.
- 저를 따라 되풀이하세요.
Discussing problems or negative patterns.
- 같은 실수를 되풀이하지 마세요.
- 이런 문제가 계속 되풀이되는 이유가 뭘까요?
- 그녀는 항상 똑같은 불평을 되풀이한다.
Amorces de conversation
"오늘 배운 단어 중에 '되풀이하다'가 있었는데, 혹시 오늘 뭐 되풀이했어요?"
"혹시 제가 방금 한 말을 다시 한번 되풀이해 줄 수 있어요? 잘 못 들었어요."
"어릴 때 뭔가 잘 하려고 되풀이했던 경험이 있나요? 어떤 거였어요?"
"어떤 노래를 되풀이해서 듣는 걸 좋아하세요? 저는 요즘 이 노래를 계속 되풀이해서 듣고 있어요."
"혹시 '역사는 되풀이된다'는 말에 동의하시나요? 왜 그렇게 생각하세요?"
Sujets d'écriture
오늘 하루 동안 내가 '되풀이하다'라고 느꼈던 순간들이 있었나요? 있다면 어떤 것이었고, 그 이유는 무엇이었나요?
새로운 것을 배울 때, '되풀이하다'는 과정이 나에게 어떤 의미인가요? 긍정적인 부분과 부정적인 부분을 모두 생각해 보세요.
최근에 내가 되풀이하고 싶지 않은 실수가 있다면 무엇인가요? 그 실수를 되풀이하지 않기 위해 어떤 노력을 할 수 있을까요?
내가 좋아하는 노래나 영화가 있다면, 왜 그것을 '되풀이하다' 듣거나 보게 되는지 이유를 적어보세요. 그 반복 속에서 어떤 즐거움을 찾나요?
혹시 주변 사람 중에 습관적으로 같은 말을 되풀이하는 사람이 있나요? 그런 상황에서 나는 어떻게 반응하는 편인가요? 그 이유는 무엇인가요?
Questions fréquentes
10 questionsBoth '되풀이하다' and '반복하다' mean 'to repeat'. However, '되풀이하다' is generally more common in everyday spoken Korean and can refer to repeating words, actions, or even thoughts in a more natural or informal way. '반복하다' often implies a more systematic, procedural, or mechanical repetition, like a machine repeating a task or a structured review. For instance, you would '되풀이하다' a joke for a friend, but a computer program might '반복하다' a calculation. In many casual contexts, they can be used interchangeably, but '되풀이하다' often feels more natural for spontaneous repetitions.
'다시 말하다' literally means 'to say again' and is typically used as a direct request for clarification when you didn't hear or understand something clearly. It's specific to spoken words. '되풀이하다' is broader; it can refer to repeating words, actions, or even thoughts. For example, if you didn't hear a sentence, you'd say '다시 말해 주세요' (Please say it again). But if you're practicing a dance move, you'd say '이 동작을 되풀이하세요' (Repeat this move).
While '되풀이하다' can be used in the context of learning, the more specific and commonly used verb for academic review is '복습하다' (bok-seup-ha-da). '복습하다' means 'to review' or 'to study again' specifically for exams or to reinforce knowledge. You might say '시험을 위해 내용을 되풀이하다' (repeat the content for the exam), but '시험을 위해 내용을 복습하다' (review the content for the exam) is more precise and natural in an educational setting.
Yes, '되풀이하다' can be used for abstract concepts. The most famous example is the idiom '역사는 되풀이된다' (History repeats itself). This implies that historical events and patterns tend to recur. You can also use it to describe recurring patterns in behavior or thoughts, such as '그는 같은 생각만 되풀이한다' (He only repeats the same thoughts).
'되풀이하다' is a regular verb ending in '-하다'. So, it conjugates like other '-하다' verbs. For example: 되풀이해요 (present, neutral politeness), 되풀이했어요 (past, neutral politeness), 되풀이할 거예요 (future, neutral politeness), 되풀이하세요 (imperative, polite), 되풀이하지 마세요 (negative imperative, polite).
'되풀이하다' itself is generally neutral in terms of formality. Its formality level can be adjusted by the sentence endings you use. For example, '되풀이해 주세요' is polite, while '되풀이해 줄래?' is informal. However, in some contexts, especially when contrasting with more formal verbs like '반복하다', it can lean towards informal or neutral.
The noun form is '되풀이' (dwe-pul-i), which means 'repetition'. For example, '그는 되풀이를 싫어한다' (He dislikes repetition).
Yes, it can be used negatively, often to express disapproval of repeated mistakes or undesirable actions. For example, '같은 실수를 되풀이하지 마세요' (Don't repeat the same mistake). It can also be used to describe someone who is stuck in a rut, like '그는 항상 똑같은 말만 되풀이한다' (He always repeats the same words).
'되풀이하다' means to repeat an action or words. '되돌리다' means to turn back, return, or reverse something, like turning back time or reversing a decision. While '되돌리다' can sometimes imply going back to a previous state (which might involve repetition), its core meaning is reversal or return, not simply repetition of an action.
Yes, besides '반복하다', '복습하다', and '다시 말하다', there are also verbs like '답습하다' (to follow blindly, repeat bad practices) which is more formal and negative, and '순환하다' (to circulate, cycle) which describes repetitive natural processes.
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Summary
The Korean verb '되풀이하다' signifies the action of repeating something, whether it's spoken words or physical actions. It's essential for learning, communication, and describing recurring events, and its usage ranges from simple requests for repetition to more abstract concepts like historical cycles.
- Means 'to repeat' or 'to say/do again'.
- Used for clarification, practice, or emphasis.
- Common in daily conversation, education, and skill-building.
- Can describe habitual actions or cyclical events.
Context is Key
While '되풀이하다' means 'to repeat', its exact nuance depends heavily on the context. Consider if you are asking for clarification, practicing a skill, describing a habit, or noting a recurring event. This will help you use it most effectively.
Master Conjugations
Like all Korean verbs, '되풀이하다' changes its form based on tense, politeness level, and grammatical structure. Practice conjugating it in various forms (present, past, future, imperative, negative) to ensure accuracy in your sentences.
Distinguish from Synonyms
Understand the subtle differences between '되풀이하다', '반복하다', and '복습하다'. While they all relate to repetition, '되풀이하다' is often the most natural choice for everyday, spoken repetitions, whereas '반복하다' can be more formal/procedural and '복습하다' is specific to academic review.
Focus on 'dw' and 'p'
Pay special attention to the initial 'dw' sound and the aspirated 'p' in '되풀이하다'. Practicing these sounds will help you pronounce the word clearly and be understood better.
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입체적
B2Ayant un effet tridimensionnel ou examinant quelque chose sous plusieurs perspectives.
~에 관해
B1Une expression signifiant 'à propos de' ou 'concernant'. Elle est utilisée dans des contextes formels pour introduire un sujet.
~에 대하여
A2Concernant ou à propos d'un sujet particulier. 'Je parle à propos de mon travail.' (Je parle de mon travail.)
~대해
A2Cela signifie 'à propos de' ou 'concernant'. On l'utilise pour indiquer le sujet d'une discussion.
~에 관하여
A2Concernant ou à propos d'un sujet. Utilisé dans des contextes formels comme des rapports ou des discours.
~에 대해(서)
A1Indique le sujet ou le thème d'une discussion, signifiant 'à propos de' ou 'concernant'. On l'utilise souvent avec des verbes comme parler ou penser.
무엇보다
A2Plus que tout; avant tout.
결석생
A2A student who is absent from class.
추상화하다
B2Abstraire : considérer quelque chose théoriquement ou séparément de sa réalité physique.
추상
A2Abstraction; the quality of dealing with ideas rather than events.
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