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B2 adjective 10 min de lecture

savunmasız

Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces savunmasız en 30 secondes

Explication savunmasız in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'savunmasız' might be a bit difficult because it is a long word with multiple suffixes. However, you can think of it as meaning 'not safe' or 'having no help.' Imagine a small baby or a kitten; they are 'savunmasız' because they cannot take care of themselves. You don't need to use this word often at A1, but knowing it helps you understand stories about animals or families. Just remember: Savunma = Defense, -sız = Without. So, 'without defense.'

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'savunmasız' to describe simple situations. For example, you can say 'The cat is defenseless' (Kedi savunmasız). You are learning about adjectives that describe states of being. This word is useful when you are talking about people who need help. You might see it in simple news headlines or children's stories. It is a good way to expand your vocabulary beyond basic words like 'kötü' (bad) or 'küçük' (small). It shows you are starting to understand how Turkish suffixes like '-sız' work to change meanings.

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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'savunmasız' in more complex sentences. You can use it to talk about your feelings, like 'I felt vulnerable in that city' (O şehirde kendimi savunmasız hissettim). You can also use it in the context of health or environment, like 'Our bodies are vulnerable to viruses.' At this level, you are moving from concrete meanings (physical defense) to more abstract meanings (emotional or systemic vulnerability). You should also recognize the noun form 'savunmasızlık' (vulnerability).

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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should use 'savunmasız' with precision. You should understand the difference between 'savunmasız,' 'korumasız,' and 'çaresiz.' You will encounter this word in news reports about politics, economics, and social issues. You should be able to discuss 'vulnerable populations' (savunmasız nüfus) and 'security vulnerabilities' (güvenlik açıkları/savunmasızlıkları). You can use it to add nuance to your arguments, showing that a situation is not just 'bad' but specifically 'exposed to risk.'

At the C1 level, you use 'savunmasız' in academic and professional contexts. You might analyze the 'savunmasızlık' of a financial market or the psychological state of a character in a novel. You should be able to use its Ottoman synonym 'müdafaasız' in literary discussions to show a high level of linguistic mastery. You understand the philosophical implications of being 'savunmasız' and can use the word to discuss complex human conditions and social structures with ease and natural flow.

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At the C2 level, 'savunmasız' is a word you use instinctively and with perfect timing. You can use it in sophisticated wordplay, metaphors, and high-level rhetoric. You are aware of its historical evolution and its place within the broader Turkic language family. You can use it to describe the most subtle nuances of human existence, from the vulnerability of a newborn's breath to the systemic fragility of global civilizations. It is a tool in your vast linguistic toolbox for expressing deep empathy and complex analysis.

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Entraîne-toi Exemples Notes et astuces

savunmasız en 30 secondes

Savunmasız means 'vulnerable' or 'defenseless,' coming from the root 'savunmak' (to defend) plus the negative suffix '-sız' (without).
It is used for physical, emotional, and social lack of protection, applicable to people, animals, and systems like cybersecurity.
Commonly paired with verbs like 'kalmak' (to stay/be left) and 'hissetmek' (to feel) to describe a state of exposure.
It is a key term in B2 Turkish for discussing social issues, personal feelings, and technical risks with precision.

The Turkish word savunmasız is a multi-layered adjective that translates primarily to 'vulnerable' or 'defenseless' in English. To understand its core essence, one must look at its morphological structure: the root verb savunmak means 'to defend.' When we add the negative noun-forming suffix -ma, we get savunma (defense). Finally, the privative suffix -sız is added, which translates to 'without' or '-less.' Therefore, the word literally means 'without defense.' However, its usage in modern Turkish extends far beyond mere physical lack of protection. It encapsulates emotional exposure, economic fragility, and social disadvantage. It is a word that carries significant weight in both formal and daily discourse.

Morphological Breakdown: Savun (Root: defend) + -ma (Noun suffix) + -sız (Without) = Savunmasız (Defenseless).
Emotional Context: Used to describe a state of being emotionally open or prone to hurt, often in relationships or personal growth.
Physical Context: Describing a city without walls, an animal without its mother, or a person without weapons.

In a social sense, savunmasız is frequently used in political and sociological discussions. You will hear it when activists talk about 'vulnerable groups' (savunmasız gruplar) such as children, the elderly, or refugees. It implies a moral obligation for the stronger party to provide protection. It is not just a state of being; it is a call for empathy and action. When a Turkish speaker says they feel savunmasız, they are expressing a deep lack of security, often looking for a 'liman' (harbor) or a 'dayanak' (support).

Fırtınanın ortasında küçük bir tekne gibi savunmasız kalmıştı.

Translation: He was left defenseless like a small boat in the middle of a storm.

Furthermore, the word appears in cybersecurity (siber güvenlik) to describe systems that are open to attacks. In this technical context, it is synonymous with 'vulnerability' in a digital sense. The breadth of this word's application—from a crying infant to a broken firewall—makes it an essential part of the B2-level Turkish vocabulary. It allows the speaker to articulate complex states of risk and openness that simpler words like 'zayıf' (weak) cannot fully capture.

Çocuklar, toplumun en savunmasız bireyleridir.

Translation: Children are the most vulnerable individuals of society.

Kendimi senin yanında hiç savunmasız hissetmedim.

Translation: I never felt vulnerable/defenseless when I was with you.

Köy, gece yapılan saldırıya karşı tamamen savunmasız durumdaydı.

Translation: The village was completely defenseless against the night attack.

Ekonomik dalgalanmalar, küçük işletmeleri savunmasız bırakıyor.

Translation: Economic fluctuations leave small businesses vulnerable.

Using savunmasız correctly requires understanding its placement as an adjective or an adverbial modifier. In Turkish, adjectives typically precede the noun they modify. For example, 'savunmasız bir çocuk' (a defenseless child). However, it is also very frequently used with the auxiliary verb 'kalmak' (to stay/to be left) or 'hissetmek' (to feel). When you say 'savunmasız kaldım,' you are saying 'I was left defenseless,' implying an external force or situation stripped away your protection.

With 'Kalmak' (To be left): Describes a sudden change in state. Example: 'Aniden savunmasız kaldık.'
With 'Bırakmak' (To leave/abandon): Used when someone else causes the vulnerability. Example: 'Beni savunmasız bıraktın.'
As a Predicate: Used at the end of the sentence with 'dır/dir' or personal endings. Example: 'O, çok savunmasızdır.'

In formal writing, such as academic papers or legal documents, savunmasız refers to groups that lack legal protection or social safety nets. You might read about 'savunmasız nüfus' (vulnerable population) in a report about climate change or economic policy. In these contexts, the word lacks the emotional 'pity' often associated with it in daily speech and instead focuses on objective risk assessment. It is a precise term used to categorize those who are most likely to suffer during a crisis.

Argümanları o kadar zayıftı ki, eleştiriler karşısında savunmasız bir hale geldi.

Translation: His arguments were so weak that he became vulnerable to criticism.

When describing nature or biology, savunmasız is used for organisms that lack natural defenses. A turtle without its shell would be 'savunmasız.' In psychology, Brené Brown's concept of 'vulnerability' is often translated as 'kırılganlık' (fragility), but 'savunmasızlık' (the noun form) is also used to describe the state of being open and honest about one's feelings. Choosing between 'kırılgan' and 'savunmasız' depends on whether you want to emphasize the likelihood of breaking (fragility) or the lack of protection (vulnerability).

Yeni yazılım güncellemesi yapılmazsa, bilgisayarınız saldırılara karşı savunmasız kalabilir.

Translation: If the new software update is not done, your computer may remain vulnerable to attacks.

Savaşın ortasında kalan siviller tamamen savunmasız bir durumdaydı.

Translation: The civilians caught in the middle of the war were in a completely defenseless state.

You will encounter savunmasız in several specific domains in Turkey. First and foremost is the news media (haberler). News anchors frequently use this term when reporting on social injustices, natural disasters, or international conflicts. Phrases like 'savunmasız siviller' (defenseless civilians) or 'savunmasız bölgeler' (vulnerable regions) are staples of Turkish journalism. It evokes a sense of urgency and ethical responsibility in the audience.

TV News & Documentaries: Often used in nature documentaries to describe prey animals or in news to describe victims of war.
Psychology & Self-Help: Used in therapy or podcasts to talk about 'emotional vulnerability' as a strength.
Politics & Law: Referring to groups that are not protected by current legislation.

In Turkish literature and cinema (Türk edebiyatı ve sineması), the 'savunmasız' hero is a common trope. Think of the classic Yeşilçam films where a poor, defenseless protagonist faces a powerful villain. The word here represents more than just a lack of physical power; it represents a lack of 'arkası sağlam' (having strong backing/connections). Being savunmasız in a Turkish social context often means you don't have a powerful family or political connection to protect you from the 'kurtlar sofrası' (table of wolves/cruel world).

Haberlerde, depremzedelerin ne kadar savunmasız kaldığı anlatılıyordu.

Translation: In the news, it was explained how vulnerable the earthquake victims were left.

In daily conversations, you might hear it in more intimate settings. A friend might confess, 'Kendimi çok savunmasız hissediyorum' (I feel very vulnerable), after a breakup or a job loss. This usage is deeply personal and signals a high level of trust in the listener. It is an admission that their 'zırh' (armor) is down. In the business world, a manager might warn that a company is 'savunmasız' against a hostile takeover or a new competitor, highlighting a strategic weakness.

Siber saldırganlar, en savunmasız hedefleri seçerler.

Translation: Cyber attackers choose the most vulnerable targets.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing savunmasız with güçsüz (weak). While they are related, they are not interchangeable. Güçsüz refers to a lack of power, energy, or strength. You can be strong but still be savunmasız if you are caught off guard or lack the necessary tools to protect yourself. For example, a powerful army can be savunmasız if they are asleep. Using 'güçsüz' when you mean 'savunmasız' misses the nuance of 'protection' versus 'power.'

Savunmasız vs. Güçsüz: Savunmasız = Lacking protection. Güçsüz = Lacking strength.
Savunmasız vs. Çaresiz: Savunmasız = Vulnerable/Defenseless. Çaresiz = Helpless/Without options.
Savunmasız vs. Kırılgan: Savunmasız = Open to attack. Kırılgan = Easily broken/fragile.

Another common error is using çaresiz (helpless) as a synonym. Çaresiz implies that there are no solutions or 'remedies' (çare) for a situation. You can be savunmasız (exposed) but still have a çare (solution) if you act quickly. Conversely, you can be well-defended but çaresiz if you are facing an incurable disease. Keeping these distinctions clear will significantly improve your precision in Turkish.

Yanlış: O çok güçsüz, kendini koruyamıyor. (Eğer koruma eksikliğinden bahsediliyorsa 'savunmasız' daha iyidir.)

Finally, watch out for the suffix usage. Some learners try to say 'savunmayok' or 'savunmaolmayan.' While grammatically understandable, these are unnatural. The suffix -sız is the standard way to express 'without' in this context. Also, remember that savunmasız is an adjective. If you want to use it as a noun, you must add the suffix -lık to get savunmasızlık (vulnerability). Don't say 'Onun savunmasızı' when you mean 'His vulnerability'; say 'Onun savunmasızlığı.'

Doğru: Şehir, hava saldırılarına karşı savunmasız bir durumdaydı.

To truly master Turkish, you should know the synonyms and near-synonyms of savunmasız and when to choose them. The most common alternative is korumasız. While very similar, korumasız (unprotected) often refers to a physical lack of a 'koruma' (guard or protector). You might say 'korumasız bir çocuk' if the child has no parents nearby, but 'savunmasız bir çocuk' if the child is inherently unable to protect themselves due to age or state.

Savunmasız vs. Korumasız: Savunmasız is more about the internal state of being unable to defend. Korumasız is about the external lack of a protector.
Savunmasız vs. Hassas: Hassas means 'sensitive' or 'delicate'. Used for skin, topics, or feelings. A 'hassas' person is easily affected, while a 'savunmasız' person is easily attacked.
Savunmasız vs. Maruz (Kalan): Maruz means 'exposed'. It is usually used with the dative case (-e/a maruz kalmak). 'Tehlikeye maruz kalmak' means to be exposed to danger.

In academic or high-level Turkish, you might encounter the word müdafaasız. This is the older, Ottoman-rooted version of savunmasız. While you won't hear it in a grocery store, you will definitely see it in historical texts, old legal documents, or classic literature. Using it today would sound very formal or poetic. Another term is zayıf (weak/thin). While 'zayıf' is very common, it lacks the specific nuance of being 'open to attack' that savunmasız provides.

Eski dilde müdafaasız kelimesi aynı anlamı taşırdı.

Translation: In the old language, the word 'müdafaasız' used to carry the same meaning.

When discussing vulnerability in a social context, dezavantajlı (disadvantaged) is often used as a synonym in policy discussions. For example, 'dezavantajlı gruplar' and 'savunmasız gruplar' are often used interchangeably in NGO reports. However, 'dezavantajlı' focuses on the lack of resources, whereas 'savunmasız' focuses on the lack of safety. Understanding these subtle shifts in meaning will make your Turkish sound more native and sophisticated.

Bu bölge, seller karşısında oldukça hassas ve savunmasız.

Translation: This region is quite sensitive and vulnerable to floods.

How Formal Is It?

Le savais-tu ?

The suffix '-ma' turns the action into a concept (defense), and '-sız' is one of the oldest privative suffixes in the Turkic language family, dating back over a thousand years to the Orkhon inscriptions.

Guide de prononciation

UK /sa.vun.ma.ˈsɯz/

US /sa.vun.ma.ˈsɯz/

The stress is on the final syllable: savunmaSIZ.

Rime avec

Anlamsız (Meaningless) İmkansız (Impossible) Bağlantısız (Disconnected) Kararsız (Indecisive) Zamansız (Timeless) Vefasız (Unfaithful) İnsafsız (Merciless) Amansız (Relentless)

Erreurs fréquentes

Pronouncing the 'ı' as an 'i' (like 'seen'). It should be deeper.
Putting stress on the first syllable.
Not fully pronouncing the 'v' sound.
Confusing 'u' and 'ü'. It is 'savun-', not 'savün-'.
Skipping the 'n' in the middle.

Niveau de difficulté

Lecture 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root and suffixes.

Écriture 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'ı' and '-sız' suffix.

Expression orale 4/5

The 'ı' sound can be tricky for English speakers.

Écoute 3/5

Clearly pronounced in most contexts.

Quoi apprendre ensuite

Prérequis

Savunmak Savunma Güçsüz Korumak Zayıf

Apprends ensuite

Savunmasızlık Kırılgan Hassasiyet Müdafaa Tedbir

Avancé

Ontolojik Dezavantajlı Maruziyet Bağışıklık Mukavemet

Grammaire à connaître

The Privative Suffix -sız/-siz/-suz/-süz

Savunma + sız = Defenseless. Şeker + siz = Sugarless.

Adjective to Noun with -lık

Savunmasız + lık = Savunmasızlık (Vulnerability).

Consonant Mutation (k to ğ)

Savunmasızlık + ı = Savunmasızlığı.

The Use of 'Kalmak' for State Changes

Savunmasız kalmak means to enter a state of being defenseless.

Dative Case with 'Karşı'

Saldırı-ya karşı (Against the attack).

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Exemples par niveau

Küçük kedi çok savunmasız.

The little cat is very defenseless.

Simple subject + adjective structure.

Bebekler savunmasızdır.

Babies are defenseless.

Uses the -dır suffix for a general fact.

O, savunmasız bir kuş.

It is a defenseless bird.

Adjective + Noun phrase.

Savunmasız kalma.

Don't stay defenseless.

Imperative form of the verb 'kalmak'.

Bu ev çok savunmasız.

This house is very vulnerable.

Describing a physical object's state.

Yardım et, o savunmasız.

Help, he is defenseless.

Using the adjective as a predicate.

Denizde savunmasızım.

I am defenseless in the sea.

First person singular ending -ım.

Savunmasız hayvanları koruyalım.

Let's protect defenseless animals.

Optative mood 'koruyalım' (let's protect).

Sokaktaki çocuklar çok savunmasız görünüyor.

The children on the street look very vulnerable.

Using 'görünmek' (to seem/look).

Köyümüz saldırılara karşı savunmasızdı.

Our village was defenseless against attacks.

Past tense -dı added to the adjective.

Kendimi bu büyük şehirde savunmasız hissediyorum.

I feel vulnerable in this big city.

Using 'hissetmek' (to feel).

Korumasız ve savunmasız bir hayat istemiyorum.

I don't want an unprotected and defenseless life.

Using two similar adjectives together.

Savunmasız insanlara yardım etmeliyiz.

We must help vulnerable people.

Necessitative mood -meli/-malı.

Kapıyı açık bırakma, ev savunmasız kalır.

Don't leave the door open, the house stays vulnerable.

Conditional context.

O çocuk çok savunmasız bir durumda.

That child is in a very vulnerable situation.

Using 'durumda' (in a state/situation).

Kışın hayvanlar doğada savunmasız kalıyor.

In winter, animals remain defenseless in nature.

Present continuous tense.

Ekonomik kriz nedeniyle birçok aile savunmasız kaldı.

Many families were left vulnerable due to the economic crisis.

Using 'nedeniyle' (due to).

Onun karşısında kendimi neden bu kadar savunmasız hissediyorum?

Why do I feel so vulnerable in front of him/her?

Interrogative sentence with 'neden'.

Yaşlılar, dolandırıcılara karşı daha savunmasız olabilirler.

The elderly can be more vulnerable to scammers.

Probability with 'olabilirler'.

Savunmasız bir anımda bana bu soruyu sordu.

He asked me this question in a vulnerable moment of mine.

Possessive 'an-ım-da'.

Şehir planlaması zayıf olduğu için depreme karşı savunmasızız.

We are vulnerable to earthquakes because city planning is weak.

Causal link with 'için'.

Savunmasız halkın sesi olmak istiyordu.

He wanted to be the voice of the vulnerable people.

Infinitive 'olmak' used as an object.

Bu bölgedeki bitkiler soğuğa karşı savunmasızdır.

The plants in this region are vulnerable to the cold.

Dative case 'soğuğa' (to the cold).

Onun dürüstlüğü onu bazen savunmasız bırakıyor.

His honesty sometimes leaves him vulnerable.

Abstract usage of the word.

Siber güvenlik önlemleri alınmazsa şirket verileri savunmasız kalacaktır.

If cybersecurity measures are not taken, company data will remain vulnerable.

Passive voice 'alınmazsa' and future tense.

Toplumun en savunmasız kesimlerini korumak devletin görevidir.

It is the state's duty to protect the most vulnerable segments of society.

Superlative 'en' and genitive construction.

Eleştiriler karşısında savunmasız kalmamak için iyi hazırlanmalısın.

You must prepare well so as not to remain vulnerable to criticism.

Negative infinitive 'kalmamak için'.

Duygusal olarak bu kadar savunmasız olacağını tahmin etmemiştim.

I hadn't guessed that you would be so emotionally vulnerable.

Future participle 'olacağını' used in a noun clause.

Yetersiz beslenme, çocukları hastalıklara karşı savunmasız hale getirir.

Malnutrition makes children vulnerable to diseases.

Fact-stating present tense (Aorist).

Savunmasız bir bölgede kamp yapmak tehlikeli olabilir.

Camping in a vulnerable/unprotected area can be dangerous.

Gerund 'kamp yapmak'.

Siyasi boşluk, ülkeyi dış müdahalelere karşı savunmasız bıraktı.

The political vacuum left the country vulnerable to foreign intervention.

Abstract political context.

Onun sessizliği, aslında ne kadar savunmasız olduğunun bir kanıtıydı.

His silence was actually a proof of how vulnerable he was.

Noun clause 'olduğunun'.

Yazar, karakterin içsel dünyasındaki savunmasızlığı ustalıkla işlemiş.

The author has masterfully handled the vulnerability in the character's inner world.

Noun form 'savunmasızlık' with the objective case.

Küresel ısınma, kıyı kentlerini deniz seviyesindeki artışa karşı savunmasız kılıyor.

Global warming is making coastal cities vulnerable to the rise in sea levels.

Using 'kılmak' (to make/render) instead of 'yapmak'.

Savunmasız bir argüman, mantıksal tutarsızlıklar barındırır.

A vulnerable argument contains logical inconsistencies.

Academic register.

Hukuki düzenlemelerin eksikliği, işçileri işveren karşısında savunmasız bırakıyor.

The lack of legal regulations leaves workers vulnerable against employers.

Complex noun phrases.

İnsanın en savunmasız olduğu an, aslında en dürüst olduğu andır.

The moment a human is most vulnerable is actually the moment they are most honest.

Philosophical structure.

Şirket, pazar payını kaybetme riskiyle savunmasız bir konuma düştü.

The company fell into a vulnerable position with the risk of losing market share.

Idiomatic 'konuma düşmek'.

Savunmasızlık, bazen en büyük cesaret örneğidir.

Vulnerability is sometimes the greatest example of courage.

Abstract noun as subject.

Teknolojiye olan aşırı bağımlılığımız bizi siber tehditlere karşı savunmasız kılıyor.

Our extreme dependence on technology makes us vulnerable to cyber threats.

Causal relationship.

Varlığın bu denli savunmasız oluşu, ontolojik bir kaygı kaynağıdır.

The fact that existence is so vulnerable is a source of ontological anxiety.

High-level philosophical vocabulary.

Diplomatik manevralar, ülkeyi stratejik olarak savunmasız bir duruma sokabilir.

Diplomatic maneuvers can put the country into a strategically vulnerable position.

Strategic/Political register.

Şiirlerinde, insan ruhunun ne kadar savunmasız ve çıplak olduğunu anlatır.

In his poems, he describes how vulnerable and naked the human soul is.

Literary analysis style.

Modern toplumlar, altyapı yetersizlikleri nedeniyle doğal afetler karşısında dehşet verici derecede savunmasızdır.

Modern societies are terrifyingly vulnerable to natural disasters due to infrastructure inadequacies.

Complex adverbial phrases.

Adaletin olmadığı yerde, birey her türlü zorbalığa karşı savunmasız kalır.

Where there is no justice, the individual remains vulnerable to all kinds of tyranny.

Conditional relative clause.

Savunmasızlığın estetiği, sanatçının eserlerinde merkezi bir tema olarak belirir.

The aesthetics of vulnerability appears as a central theme in the artist's works.

Art criticism terminology.

Ekosistemin hassas dengesi bozulduğunda, tüm türler savunmasız hale gelir.

When the delicate balance of the ecosystem is disturbed, all species become vulnerable.

Scientific/Environmental register.

Kendi içsel çatışmalarıyla boğuşan lider, dış tehditlere karşı savunmasız bir portre çiziyordu.

The leader, struggling with his own internal conflicts, was portraying a vulnerable image against external threats.

Metaphorical 'portre çizmek'.

Synonymes

Korumasız Açık Hassas Zayıf Müdafaasız Kırılgan Çıplak Mağdur

Antonymes

Korumalı Güçlü Güvenli Dayanıklı

Collocations courantes

Savunmasız kalmak

Savunmasız bırakmak

Savunmasız gruplar

Savunmasız hissetmek

Savunmasız hedef

Savunmasız bir an

Savunmasız sivil

Savunmasız bölge

Savunmasız çocuk

Savunmasızlık düzeyi

Phrases Courantes

Savunmasız yakalanmak

— To be caught off guard or when one has no defense.

Sınavda çalışmadığım yerden savunmasız yakalandım.

Tamamen savunmasız

— Completely defenseless; having no protection at all.

Ordu tamamen savunmasız bir durumdaydı.

Savunmasız bir halde

— In a defenseless state.

Onu sokakta savunmasız bir halde bulduk.

Duygusal olarak savunmasız

— Being in a state where one's feelings are easily hurt.

Şu an duygusal olarak çok savunmasızım.

Saldırıya savunmasız

— Vulnerable to an attack.

Kale, denizden gelecek bir saldırıya savunmasız.

Savunmasız bir pozisyon

— A position that offers no safety or advantage.

Satrançta savunmasız bir pozisyona düştü.

Sosyal olarak savunmasız

— Lacking social support or legal protection.

Göçmenler sosyal olarak savunmasız kalabiliyor.

Savunmasız bir yürek

— A vulnerable heart (poetic).

Onun savunmasız bir yüreği var.

Savunmasız bir yapı

— A structure that is not strong or protected.

Bu bina depreme karşı savunmasız bir yapı.

Savunmasızca beklemek

— To wait in a defenseless manner.

Kaderini savunmasızca bekliyordu.

Souvent confondu avec

savunmasız vs Güçsüz

Güçsüz means weak in strength, while savunmasız means lacking defense. A strong person can be savunmasız if they are asleep.

savunmasız vs Çaresiz

Çaresiz means having no options or remedies. You can have a defense (not savunmasız) but still be çaresiz if the threat is overwhelming.

savunmasız vs Korumasız

Korumasız usually refers to the lack of an external guard, while savunmasız can be an internal state of inability to defend.

Expressions idiomatiques

"Eli kolu bağlı olmak"

— To be helpless or unable to do anything, which is a state of being 'savunmasız'.

Paramız bitince elimiz kolumuz bağlı, savunmasız kaldık.

Informal

"Kurtlar sofrasına düşmek"

— To fall into a situation where powerful and cruel people will exploit you.

Tecrübesiz genç, iş dünyasında kurtlar sofrasına, savunmasız bir halde düştü.

Informal/Idiomatic

"Korumasız kalmak"

— To be left without any protection.

Ailesi gidince çocuk korumasız ve savunmasız kaldı.

Neutral

"Açık hedef haline gelmek"

— To become an open target, extremely vulnerable.

Açıklamalarıyla medyanın açık hedefi ve savunmasız kurbanı oldu.

Neutral

"Zırhı delinmek"

— One's emotional or physical defense being breached.

Eleştirilerle zırhı delindi ve savunmasız kaldı.

Metaphorical

"Kaderine terk edilmek"

— To be abandoned to one's fate, usually in a vulnerable state.

Yaşlı adam savunmasız bir şekilde kaderine terk edildi.

Neutral

"Ok yaydan çıkmak"

— The arrow has left the bow; things are now out of control and one is vulnerable to the outcome.

Artık ok yaydan çıktı, savunmasızca bekleyeceğiz.

Literary

"Savunma kalkanı çökmek"

— One's defense shield collapsing.

Bilgisayarın savunma kalkanı çökünce veriler savunmasız kaldı.

Technical/Metaphorical

"Kış günü açıkta kalmak"

— To be left out in the cold, very vulnerable.

Evsiz kalınca kış günü açıkta ve savunmasız kaldılar.

Informal

"Canı burnunda olmak"

— To be at one's limit, making them emotionally vulnerable/irritable.

Zaten canı burnunda, ona savunmasız anında yüklenme.

Informal

Facile à confondre

savunmasız vs Kırılgan

Both imply a state of risk.

Kırılgan means easily broken (fragile), while savunmasız means open to attack.

Cam kırılgandır, ama bir kale savunmasız olabilir.

savunmasız vs Hassas

Both relate to being easily affected.

Hassas is 'sensitive'. A sensitive person might not be defenseless.

Cildim güneşe karşı hassas.

savunmasız vs Zayıf

Often used as a general term for lack of power.

Zayıf is broad; savunmasız is specific to defense.

Zayıf bir halka tüm zinciri savunmasız bırakır.

savunmasız vs Mağdur

Vulnerable people are often victims.

Mağdur is someone who has already suffered harm.

Savunmasız insanlar mağdur olmaya daha yakındır.

savunmasız vs Açık

Both mean 'exposed'.

Açık is more literal or technical.

Pencere açık kalmış (Literal), Sistem açık vermiş (Technical).

Structures de phrases

[Noun] çok savunmasız.

Bebek çok savunmasız.

[Noun], [Noun]-e karşı savunmasız.

Kedi köpeğe karşı savunmasız.

Kendimi [Adverb] savunmasız hissediyorum.

Kendimi bugün savunmasız hissediyorum.

[Noun] savunmasız kaldığı için [Result].

Şehir savunmasız kaldığı için işgal edildi.

[Abstract Noun] bizi [Noun]-e karşı savunmasız kılıyor.

Korku bizi manipülasyona karşı savunmasız kılıyor.

Savunmasızlığın [Noun] üzerindeki etkisi büyüktür.

Savunmasızlığın yaratıcılık üzerindeki etkisi büyüktür.

Savunmasız bir [Noun] gibi görünmek.

Savunmasız bir çocuk gibi görünmek.

[Noun]-i savunmasız bırakmak büyük bir hatadır.

Sınırı savunmasız bırakmak büyük bir hatadır.

Famille de mots

Noms

Savunma Defense

Savunmasızlık Vulnerability/Defenselessness

Savunucu Defender/Advocate

Verbes

Savunmak To defend

Savunulmak To be defended

Adjectifs

Savunmalı Defended/Having defense

Savunmacı Defensive

Apparenté

Koruma

Güvenlik

Zayıflık

Hassasiyet

Risk

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Comment l'utiliser

frequency

High, especially in news and social discussions.

Erreurs courantes

Using 'savunmasiz' with an 'i'. → Savunmasız.
Turkish uses both dotted 'i' and undotted 'ı'. They are different sounds and changing them changes the word.
Saying 'O çok güçsüz' when you mean they are exposed to danger. → O çok savunmasız.
'Güçsüz' means they lack muscle or power; 'savunmasız' means they lack protection.
Using 'savunmasız' for a fragile glass. → Kırılgan.
'Savunmasız' is for attacks/harm; 'kırılgan' is for physical breaking.
Forgetting the 'ma' in the middle. → Savunmasız.
'Savun-sız' is incorrect. You need the noun form 'savunma' before adding '-sız'.
Using it as a noun without '-lık'. → Savunmasızlık.
'Onun savunmasızı' is wrong. Use 'Onun savunmasızlığı' for 'His vulnerability'.

Astuces

Suffix Power

Master the '-sız' suffix. It always means 'without'. Knowing this helps you understand hundreds of other words like 'parasız' (penniless) or 'susuz' (thirsty/waterless).

Nuance Matters

Don't just use 'zayıf'. Use 'savunmasız' when you specifically mean that something is open to being hurt or attacked.

Emotional Honesty

In Turkish, admitting you are 'savunmasız' is a sign of deep trust. Use it carefully in personal relationships.

News Keywords

When you hear 'savunmasız' on the news, pay attention to the nouns around it. It will help you learn about social issues in Turkey.

Pairing with Verbs

Always remember the pair 'savunmasız kalmak'. It is the most natural way to say 'to become/be left defenseless'.

The 'Merhamet' Connection

Understand that calling someone 'savunmasız' in Turkey often implies they deserve help and compassion.

Social Policy

If you are writing about sociology, 'savunmasız gruplar' is the standard term for 'vulnerable groups'.

Cybersecurity

In tech, 'savunmasız' is the direct translation for 'vulnerable' in terms of security risks.

Final Syllable Stress

Turkish words usually have stress on the last syllable. Make sure the 'SIZ' at the end of 'savunmasız' is clear.

Visual Aid

Visualize a 'Savunma' (Defense) wall with a 'Sız' (Leak/Hole) in it. That makes it 'savunmasız'.

Mémorise-le

Moyen mnémotechnique

Think of 'Seven' (7) 'Mas' (Masses) who are 'Sız' (Sizzling/Sad) because they have no defense. Savunmasız.

Association visuelle

Imagine a knight who has lost his shield and armor standing in the middle of a battlefield. He is 'savunmasız'.

Word Web

Savunmasız Korumasız Zayıf Hassas Açık Bebek Sivil Yazılım

Défi

Try to use 'savunmasız' in three different contexts today: one about an animal, one about your feelings, and one about a news event.

Origine du mot

The word is of Turkic origin. The root 'savun-' comes from the Old Turkic 'sapun-', which meant to ward off or to push away. It is related to the verb 'savmak' (to dismiss or get rid of).

Sens originel : To push away an attack or to protect oneself by warding off an enemy.

Turkic

Contexte culturel

When using this word for people, be careful not to sound patronizing. It implies a lack of power.

In English, 'vulnerable' can sometimes have a positive connotation in psychology (being open), but 'savunmasız' is almost always slightly negative or neutral, focusing on the lack of safety.

Turkish poetry often uses the state of being 'savunmasız' to describe the human soul before God. Songs by Sezen Aksu often touch upon emotional 'savunmasızlık'. News headlines during the 1999 and 2023 earthquakes heavily used this word.

Pratique dans la vie réelle

Contextes réels

Cybersecurity

Siber saldırıya savunmasız
Güvenlik açığı
Savunmasız sistem
Veri sızıntısı riski

Psychology

Duygusal savunmasızlık
Kendini açmak
İçsel kırılganlık
Güven eksikliği

Social Sciences

Savunmasız gruplar
Sosyal koruma
Ekonomik kırılganlık
Hak mahrumiyeti

Nature/Biology

Savunmasız türler
Doğal düşmanlar
Yavru hayvanlar
Ekolojik denge

Military/War

Savunmasız siviller
Stratejik zayıflık
Hava saldırısı
Korumasız bölge

Amorces de conversation

"Sence toplumun en savunmasız grubu hangisi?"

"Kendini en çok ne zaman savunmasız hissedersin?"

"İnternette verilerimizi savunmasız bırakan şeyler nelerdir?"

"Bir arkadaşın kendini savunmasız hissettiğinde ona nasıl yardım edersin?"

"Savunmasız olmak her zaman kötü bir şey midir?"

Sujets d'écriture

Bugün kendimi neden savunmasız hissettim? Bu hisle nasıl başa çıktım?

Savunmasız birini koruduğun bir anını anlat.

Teknolojinin bizi daha mı savunmasız yaptığını yoksa daha mı güçlü kıldığını tartış.

Savunmasızlık ve cesaret arasındaki ilişkiyi kendi hayatından örneklerle yaz.

Hayvanların doğada savunmasız kaldığı durumlar hakkında bir gözlemini paylaş.

Questions fréquentes

10 questions

No, it is very common in emotional and social contexts. For example, 'Kendimi savunmasız hissediyorum' means 'I feel emotionally vulnerable.'

Yes, it is a high-frequency word in Turkish news, literature, and daily conversation, especially at the B2 level and above.

The most direct opposites are 'korumalı' (protected) or 'güçlü' (strong/powerful).

Not really. For broken or easily broken objects, 'kırılgan' (fragile) is more appropriate. Use 'savunmasız' for living beings or systems.

Yes, it means 'vulnerability' and is used in academic and psychological discussions frequently.

It is a back vowel. Try making an 'ee' sound and then moving your tongue back without changing your lips. It sounds like the 'u' in 'butter' but higher.

Yes, to describe a company's position in the market or a security flaw in their infrastructure.

There isn't a direct slang equivalent, but 'açıkta kalmak' (to be left out/exposed) is an idiomatic way to express it.

'Korumasız' focuses on the absence of a protector (like a guard), while 'savunmasız' focuses on the inability to defend oneself.

Yes, 'Savunmasız bir şehir' means a city that is open to attack or has no defenses.

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