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B1 adjective #3,000 सबसे आम 14 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

مدیریتی

modiriyati
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव مدیریتی 30 सेकंड में
व्याख्या مدیریتی in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are at the very beginning of their Persian language journey. The primary focus at this stage is on basic survival vocabulary, simple greetings, and fundamental grammatical structures like the present tense of 'to be' and basic subject-verb agreement. Therefore, encountering a B1-level adjective like مدیریتی (managerial) might seem premature or overly complex. However, introducing such vocabulary early on can be highly strategic, especially for adult learners who are studying Persian for professional, academic, or business purposes. While an A1 learner is not expected to engage in complex discussions about corporate governance or strategic management, they can certainly begin to recognize and use this word in its simplest forms. For instance, an A1 learner can learn to say 'I have a managerial job' (من یک شغل مدیریتی دارم) or 'He is in a managerial position' (او در یک پست مدیریتی است). By learning this word early, students begin to build a mental framework for professional vocabulary. Furthermore, this word serves as an excellent introduction to Persian word formation. Even at the A1 level, learners can grasp the concept that 'مدیر' means manager, and by adding suffixes, we create related words. This morphological awareness is a crucial skill that will accelerate vocabulary acquisition in later stages. Teachers can use this word to demonstrate the Ezafe construction in a highly practical context. Instead of just learning 'blue car' (ماشین آبی), learners can practice 'managerial work' (کار مدیریتی), which might be more relevant to their daily lives. Additionally, exposure to formal vocabulary at the A1 level helps learners develop an ear for the professional register of Persian. They begin to understand that the language used in a business setting differs from the language used in casual conversation. This early exposure reduces the shock of transitioning to higher levels where formal language becomes the norm. To practice this word at the A1 level, learners should focus on simple, highly structured sentences. Flashcards, basic matching exercises, and simple translation tasks are effective. The goal is not mastery of complex usage, but rather recognition and basic application. By incorporating relevant, high-frequency professional vocabulary into the A1 curriculum, educators can keep adult learners motivated and demonstrate the immediate practical value of their language studies. This approach ensures that learners are not just memorizing abstract grammar rules, but are acquiring the tools they need to communicate their professional identities and aspirations in Persian from the very beginning of their learning process.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
As learners progress to the A2 level, their ability to construct more complex sentences and discuss their daily routines, including their work life, expands significantly. At this stage, the word مدیریتی transitions from being a mere recognition word to an active part of their descriptive vocabulary. A2 learners are learning to describe their past experiences, future plans, and professional environments in more detail. Consequently, they can use this adjective to talk about their career aspirations or describe the structure of their workplace. For example, an A2 student should be able to say, 'In the future, I want to have a managerial role' (در آینده، من می‌خواهم یک نقش مدیریتی داشته باشم) or 'My company has a good managerial team' (شرکت من یک تیم مدیریتی خوب دارد). This level is also where the mastery of the Ezafe construction becomes critical. Learners must consistently and accurately link nouns to adjectives without hesitation. Practicing phrases like 'تجربه مدیریتی' (managerial experience) or 'مشکلات مدیریتی' (managerial problems) helps solidify this grammatical rule in a practical, high-frequency context. Furthermore, A2 learners begin to read short, simple texts. Introducing simplified job advertisements or basic company profiles in Persian allows them to see this word in its natural habitat. They can practice scanning texts for keywords related to employment and administration. This exposure helps them understand the collocations associated with the word—which verbs and nouns frequently accompany it. For instance, they might learn the verb 'داشتن' (to have) is often used with 'تجربه مدیریتی' (to have managerial experience). In terms of speaking practice, role-playing simple job interviews is an excellent activity at the A2 level. Students can practice answering questions about their skills and whether they prefer 'کارهای اجرایی' (executive/operational work) or 'کارهای مدیریتی' (managerial work). This not only reinforces the vocabulary but also builds confidence in using Persian in formal situations. While they may not yet have the vocabulary to debate management theories, A2 learners can effectively use this word to navigate basic professional interactions, describe their resumes, and understand the fundamental hierarchy of a business environment. This solid foundation prepares them for the more nuanced and abstract discussions expected at the B1 level and beyond, ensuring a smooth transition into intermediate professional Persian.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
The B1 level is the true home of the word مدیریتی. At this intermediate stage, learners are expected to handle a wide variety of situations likely to arise while travelling or working in an area where the language is spoken. They can produce simple connected text on topics that are familiar or of personal interest, and they can describe experiences, events, dreams, hopes, and ambitions, and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. In a professional context, this means a B1 learner must be fully capable of discussing their career, their company's structure, and general business concepts. The adjective مدیریتی becomes an indispensable tool for these tasks. A B1 learner should confidently use complex noun phrases like 'مهارت‌های عالی مدیریتی' (excellent managerial skills) or 'تصمیمات مهم مدیریتی' (important managerial decisions). They should be able to articulate the difference between various roles within an organization, explaining why a specific problem requires a 'راه حل مدیریتی' (managerial solution) rather than just a technical one. At this level, learners are also engaging with more authentic media, such as standard news broadcasts, podcasts, and intermediate-level articles. They will frequently encounter this word in reports about the economy, corporate mergers, or government policies. The focus shifts from merely understanding the word to understanding its implications within a broader text. Teachers should encourage B1 students to summarize business articles, explicitly requiring them to use target vocabulary like مدیریتی in their summaries. Furthermore, B1 learners can begin to express opinions on management styles. They might say, 'به نظر من، سبک مدیریتی او خیلی سنتی است' (In my opinion, his managerial style is very traditional). This requires not just vocabulary, but the ability to synthesize concepts and express a critical viewpoint. Writing tasks at this level should include drafting formal emails, cover letters, and basic reports, all of which provide natural contexts for deploying this adjective. The goal at B1 is fluency and accuracy in standard professional situations. Mistakes with the Ezafe or confusing the adjective with the noun form should be actively corrected, as these errors can impede clear communication in a business setting. By mastering this word and its associated collocations at the B1 level, learners unlock the ability to function effectively in a Persian-speaking workplace, participate in meetings, and comprehend standard professional discourse with confidence and clarity.
Reaching the B2 level marks a significant leap in language proficiency, characterized by the ability to understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in one's field of specialization. For learners engaging with business, economics, or administration, the word مدیریتی is no longer just a descriptive label; it becomes a key concept in analyzing and evaluating organizational behavior and strategy. At the B2 level, learners are expected to use this adjective with a high degree of precision and nuance. They should be comfortable discussing abstract concepts such as 'بحران‌های مدیریتی' (managerial crises), 'اصلاحات ساختاری و مدیریتی' (structural and managerial reforms), and 'چالش‌های مدیریتی در سطح کلان' (macro-level managerial challenges). The vocabulary surrounding the word expands significantly, requiring learners to pair it with advanced verbs and complex grammatical structures. For instance, a B2 learner might write, 'شرکت برای غلبه بر مشکلات مالی، نیازمند تغییرات بنیادین در کادر مدیریتی خود است' (To overcome financial problems, the company requires fundamental changes in its managerial staff). This level also demands a strong grasp of register. B2 learners must know exactly when to use formal, academic, or corporate jargon versus more standard language. They should be able to read authentic, unadapted Iranian business newspapers, such as Donya-e-Eqtesad, and fully comprehend articles analyzing the 'عملکرد مدیریتی' (managerial performance) of various CEOs or government ministers. In speaking, B2 learners should be capable of participating actively in professional meetings, defending their viewpoints, and negotiating. They might argue for a specific course of action by stating, 'از لحاظ مدیریتی، این تصمیم ریسک بالایی دارد' (From a managerial perspective, this decision carries a high risk). This demonstrates the ability to use the concept as a framework for analysis. Writing tasks at this level involve producing detailed reports, essays, and proposals. Learners should practice writing critical evaluations of case studies, focusing on the 'نقاط ضعف و قوت مدیریتی' (managerial strengths and weaknesses) of a given scenario. The focus is on producing clear, detailed text that effectively communicates complex professional ideas. Mastery of this word at the B2 level means the learner can seamlessly integrate it into sophisticated arguments, demonstrating a deep understanding of both the Persian language and the cultural nuances of Iranian corporate and administrative environments.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
At the C1 level, learners possess an advanced, operational proficiency in the language. They can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. In the realm of professional and academic Persian, the use of مدیریتی at this level is characterized by absolute fluency, stylistic appropriateness, and the ability to engage with highly abstract and theoretical concepts. A C1 learner does not merely use the word to describe a job; they use it to dissect complex organizational paradigms and critique systemic issues. They engage with texts from academic journals, advanced economic analyses, and high-level policy documents. In these contexts, they will encounter and actively use phrases like 'پارادایم‌های نوین مدیریتی' (modern managerial paradigms), 'تمرکززدایی مدیریتی' (managerial decentralization), and 'پیامدهای مدیریتی تصمیمات کلان اقتصادی' (the managerial consequences of macroeconomic decisions). The ability to understand and manipulate these dense noun phrases is a hallmark of C1 proficiency. Furthermore, C1 learners can navigate the subtle political and cultural implications of managerial discourse in Iran. They understand how terms related to management and leadership are used in public relations, government propaganda, and corporate communications to frame narratives and assign responsibility. They can detect irony, criticism, or bias in a journalist's assessment of a 'تیم مدیریتی' (managerial team). In terms of production, C1 learners can deliver formal presentations on complex business topics, write comprehensive analytical reports, and participate in high-stakes negotiations. They use the word effortlessly as part of a broader, sophisticated vocabulary, demonstrating a command of cohesive devices and complex sentence structures. For example, they might articulate, 'علی‌رغم تزریق سرمایه، فقدان یک استراتژی مدیریتی منسجم، مانع از تحقق اهداف توسعه‌ای سازمان گردید' (Despite the injection of capital, the lack of a coherent managerial strategy prevented the realization of the organization's developmental goals). At this level, the focus is on refining style, expanding knowledge of rare collocations, and ensuring that the language produced is virtually indistinguishable from that of an educated native professional. The word مدیریتی becomes a versatile instrument for advanced intellectual and professional expression.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
The C2 level represents the highest echelon of language proficiency, indicating a mastery akin to that of a highly educated native speaker. A C2 learner can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. They can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently, and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations. When dealing with the concept of مدیریتی, a C2 user operates at the level of philosophy, advanced theory, and nuanced socio-economic critique. They are capable of reading and producing doctoral-level dissertations, complex legal frameworks regarding corporate governance, and profound analyses of leadership theory in the Persian language. At this stage, the vocabulary is used to explore the ontological and epistemological foundations of management. A C2 user might discuss 'آسیب‌شناسی سیستم‌های مدیریتی در کشورهای در حال توسعه' (the pathology of managerial systems in developing countries) or analyze the 'ابعاد روان‌شناختی و جامعه‌شناختی تصمیم‌گیری‌های کلان مدیریتی' (the psychological and sociological dimensions of macro-managerial decision-making). They possess an exhaustive knowledge of all possible collocations, idioms, and register variations associated with the root word. They can seamlessly shift between the highly formal, arcane language of bureaucratic decrees and the dynamic, modern jargon of tech startups. Furthermore, a C2 user understands the historical evolution of managerial concepts within Iran, recognizing how the language of administration has changed from the Qajar era through the Pahlavi period to the modern Islamic Republic. They can critically evaluate how the term مدیریتی is deployed rhetorically by different political factions or economic schools of thought. In writing and speaking, their use of the word is characterized by absolute precision, elegance, and rhetorical power. They can craft persuasive arguments, subtle critiques, and visionary proposals, using this vocabulary to influence, lead, and innovate at the highest levels of academia, government, or international business. For a C2 learner, the word is not just a tool for communication; it is a lens through which to analyze and shape the complex organizational realities of the Persian-speaking world.
पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें
इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

مدیریتی 30 सेकंड में

  • Derived from 'مدیر' (manager) and 'مدیریت' (management), meaning 'managerial'.
  • Always used with the Ezafe construction to modify nouns (e.g., تصمیم مدیریتی).
  • Highly common in business, corporate, government, and academic contexts.
  • Does not change form to agree with plural nouns; it remains invariable.
The Persian adjective مدیریتی (modiriyati) is a fundamental vocabulary item for anyone engaging with the business, administrative, or organizational sectors in Iran or other Persian-speaking environments. Understanding the depth and application of this word requires a comprehensive analysis of its morphological roots, syntactic behavior, and pragmatic usage. At its core, the word is derived from the Arabic root د-و-ر (d-w-r), which relates to turning, revolving, or circulating. From this root, the Arabic active participle مدیر (modir) is formed, meaning 'manager' or 'director'—the person who keeps the organization running or 'turning'. In Persian, this noun is fully integrated and serves as the base for further derivation. By adding the abstract noun suffix یت (-iyat), which is also of Arabic origin but highly productive in Persian, we get مدیریت (modiriyat), meaning 'management' or 'administration'. Finally, the addition of the Persian relative suffix ی (-i) transforms this abstract noun into the adjective مدیریتی, meaning 'managerial' or 'relating to management'. This step-by-step morphological process is a perfect illustration of how Persian seamlessly blends Arabic loanwords with its own native affixes to create precise and nuanced vocabulary.
Morphology
The study of the internal structure of words and how they are formed from smaller units called morphemes.
For learners, recognizing these patterns is an incredibly powerful tool for vocabulary expansion. Instead of memorizing isolated words, you can learn roots and affixes, allowing you to deduce the meanings of unfamiliar words.

تصمیمات مدیریتی نقش مهمی در موفقیت شرکت دارند.

In the context of the modern workplace, this adjective is ubiquitous. It is used to describe a wide array of concepts, from the skills required for a job to the structure of an organization. For example, when applying for a leadership position, a candidate will often highlight their 'مهارت‌های مدیریتی' (managerial skills). This phrase indicates not just the ability to do a specific task, but the capacity to oversee, coordinate, and lead others effectively.
Syntax
The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
Similarly, in business news and economic reports, you will frequently encounter terms like 'اصلاحات مدیریتی' (managerial reforms) or 'بحران مدیریتی' (managerial crisis). These terms reflect the critical role that leadership and administration play in the broader economic landscape.

او تجربه مدیریتی بالایی در سطح بین‌المللی دارد.

Furthermore, the use of this word is not limited to the corporate sector. It is equally prevalent in government, education, healthcare, and non-profit organizations. Any entity that requires structured oversight and decision-making will utilize this terminology.

پست‌های مدیریتی نیاز به تجربه و دانش فراوان دارند.

From a syntactic perspective, as an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe. The Ezafe is an enclitic vowel (usually -e or -ye) that links the head noun to its modifiers.
Ezafe
A grammatical particle in Persian used to link words together, forming noun phrases.
Mastering the Ezafe is essential for producing natural-sounding Persian. In written Persian, the Ezafe is often not explicitly marked, which can pose a challenge for beginners. However, with practice and exposure, predicting its presence becomes second nature. Beyond its grammatical function, the word carries a specific register. It is inherently formal and professional. You would use it in a resume, a formal report, or a professional meeting.

تغییرات مدیریتی به زودی در سازمان اعمال می‌شود.

Using it in casual conversation to describe everyday situations might sound overly bureaucratic or pretentious. Therefore, understanding the pragmatic context is just as important as knowing the dictionary definition. In conclusion, mastering this adjective opens up a significant portion of professional and formal Persian discourse, enabling learners to navigate the complexities of the Iranian business and administrative landscape with confidence and precision.

سبک مدیریتی او بسیار مدرن و کارآمد است.

Using the adjective مدیریتی correctly in Persian requires a solid understanding of Persian noun phrase structure, specifically the Ezafe construction, as well as an awareness of the appropriate professional register. Because Persian adjectives generally follow the nouns they modify, you will almost always see this word placed immediately after a noun, linked by the Ezafe vowel. The Ezafe is pronounced as an 'e' after consonants and a 'ye' after vowels. This grammatical linkage is the absolute foundation of descriptive language in Persian. For instance, to say 'managerial skills', you take the noun 'مهارت‌ها' (skills), add the Ezafe 'ی' (ye), and then add the adjective, resulting in 'مهارت‌های مدیریتی' (maharat-ha-ye modiriyati).
Noun Phrase
A word or group of words containing a noun and functioning in a sentence as subject, object, or prepositional object.
This structure is non-negotiable and must be mastered by any learner aiming for B1 proficiency or higher. The beauty of the Persian adjective system is its simplicity regarding agreement; unlike Romance languages or Arabic, Persian adjectives do not change form to agree with the gender or number of the noun they modify. Whether you are talking about a single 'managerial decision' (تصمیم مدیریتی) or multiple 'managerial decisions' (تصمیم‌های مدیریتی), the adjective remains exactly the same.

این یک تصمیم مدیریتی بسیار دشوار بود.

This lack of agreement simplifies the learning process, allowing students to focus entirely on vocabulary acquisition and proper Ezafe placement. In terms of sentence structure, this adjective can be used both attributively (modifying a noun directly within a phrase) and predicatively (following a linking verb to describe the subject). Attributive use is by far the most common in business contexts. For example, in a job interview, you might say, 'من به دنبال یک نقش مدیریتی هستم' (I am looking for a managerial role). Here, the adjective directly modifies 'نقش' (role). Predicative use, while less frequent with this specific word, is still entirely possible and grammatically sound. For instance, one might say, 'ماهیت این کار کاملاً مدیریتی است' (The nature of this work is entirely managerial).
Attributive Adjective
An adjective that usually comes directly before or after the noun it modifies without a linking verb.
Beyond basic syntax, understanding how to use this word involves recognizing its common collocations—the words it naturally pairs with in native speech. High-frequency collocations include 'تجربه مدیریتی' (managerial experience), 'توانایی مدیریتی' (managerial ability), 'کادر مدیریتی' (managerial staff), and 'مشکلات مدیریتی' (managerial problems).

شرکت ما به دنبال جذب کادر مدیریتی جدید است.

Memorizing these chunks of language is far more effective than trying to construct phrases word-by-word from English translations. When drafting professional emails, reports, or formal proposals in Persian, these collocations serve as essential building blocks.

مشکلات مدیریتی باعث افت کیفیت محصولات شد.

Furthermore, the use of this adjective often implies a level of authority, strategic planning, and responsibility. It differentiates a task from mere administrative or operational duties. For example, filing paperwork is an administrative task (کار اداری), but deciding on the company's annual budget is a managerial task (کار مدیریتی).
Collocation
The habitual juxtaposition of a particular word with another word or words with a frequency greater than chance.
This semantic distinction is crucial for accurate communication in the workplace. Using the wrong adjective can misrepresent your skills or misunderstand a job requirement. Therefore, learners should actively seek out authentic business texts, such as Iranian economic newspapers (like Donya-e-Eqtesad) or corporate websites, to observe how native speakers deploy this word in complex, real-world sentences.

توانایی مدیریتی او در زمان بحران ثابت شد.

By analyzing these authentic examples, learners can internalize the rhythm, syntax, and pragmatic nuances of professional Persian, elevating their language skills from basic conversational ability to sophisticated professional fluency.

او سال‌ها تجربه مدیریتی در صنعت نفت دارد.

The adjective مدیریتی is a cornerstone of professional and formal Persian discourse, and its usage is heavily concentrated in specific environments where organizational structure, leadership, and administration are primary concerns. The most obvious and frequent context where you will hear and read this word is within the corporate world and business environments. In offices across Iran and in Persian-speaking businesses globally, this term is part of the daily lexicon. During job interviews, human resources professionals will inquire about a candidate's 'سابقه مدیریتی' (managerial background) or assess their 'پتانسیل مدیریتی' (managerial potential).
Corporate Discourse
The specialized language and communication styles used within business and corporate environments.
When writing a resume (رزومه) in Persian, utilizing this adjective is essential for anyone applying for roles above entry-level. It signals to the employer that the applicant understands the responsibilities of leadership and strategic oversight.

در جلسه امروز درباره چالش‌های مدیریتی بحث کردیم.

Beyond individual career progression, the word is ubiquitous in corporate meetings, strategic planning sessions, and annual reports. Executives discuss 'استراتژی‌های مدیریتی' (managerial strategies) to improve efficiency or navigate market fluctuations. Another major domain where this word is highly prevalent is in news media, particularly in economic and political reporting. Journalists and analysts frequently use it to critique or praise the performance of government officials, corporate CEOs, and institutional leaders.
Media Register
The specific tone, vocabulary, and style used in journalism and news broadcasting.
You will often read headlines discussing a 'ضعف مدیریتی' (managerial weakness) that led to an economic crisis, or an 'ابتکار مدیریتی' (managerial initiative) that successfully resolved a public issue.

روزنامه‌ها از ضعف مدیریتی در این پروژه انتقاد کردند.

In this context, the word carries significant weight, as it is used to evaluate the competence and effectiveness of those in power. Furthermore, the academic world, specifically in faculties of business, economics, and public administration, relies heavily on this terminology. University courses on organizational behavior, human resources, and strategic planning will constantly employ this adjective.

دانشجویان باید یک مقاله درباره تئوری‌های مدیریتی بنویسند.

Students read textbooks filled with concepts like 'حسابداری مدیریتی' (managerial accounting) and 'اقتصاد مدیریتی' (managerial economics). For learners aiming to study in Persian-speaking universities, mastering this academic register is an absolute necessity.
Academic Register
The formal, objective, and specialized language used in scholarly writing and university settings.
Additionally, the government and public sector are massive consumers of this vocabulary. Bureaucratic documents, official decrees, and public policy papers are laden with references to 'سیستم‌های مدیریتی' (managerial systems) and 'نظارت مدیریتی' (managerial oversight). Navigating any bureaucratic process in Iran often involves interacting with individuals holding 'سمت‌های مدیریتی' (managerial positions). Understanding this vocabulary helps demystify the complex hierarchy of Iranian administrative structures.

این بخشنامه برای تمام سطوح مدیریتی ارسال شده است.

Even in everyday life, you might hear this word in discussions about sports teams (e.g., discussing the 'کادر مدیریتی باشگاه' - the club's managerial staff) or the administration of a residential building complex. In summary, while it is a formal word, its application spans across business, media, academia, and government, making it an indispensable tool for anyone seeking a deep and comprehensive understanding of contemporary Iranian society and its organizational frameworks.

تیم فوتبال به دلیل اشتباهات مدیریتی سقوط کرد.

When learners of Persian begin incorporating the adjective مدیریتی into their vocabulary, they often encounter several common pitfalls related to morphology, syntax, and semantic nuance. One of the most frequent morphological mistakes is confusing the adjective form with the base noun 'مدیر' (manager) or the abstract noun 'مدیریت' (management). Because English often uses nouns as adjectives (e.g., 'management skills' instead of 'managerial skills'), English speakers frequently translate this structure directly into Persian, resulting in incorrect phrases like 'مهارت‌های مدیریت' (skills of management) when they actually mean 'مهارت‌های مدیریتی' (managerial skills).
Morphological Confusion
The error of using a word in the wrong grammatical form, such as using a noun instead of an adjective.
While 'مهارت‌های مدیریت' is grammatically possible (meaning skills belonging to the management department), it does not convey the intended meaning of skills pertaining to the act of managing. Learners must consciously apply the '-i' suffix to create the proper adjective.

اشتباه: او یک شغل مدیریت دارد. / درست: او یک شغل مدیریتی دارد.

Another significant area of difficulty lies in the syntactic application of the Ezafe. Beginners often forget to add the Ezafe vowel between the noun and the adjective, leading to disjointed and incorrect sentences. For example, saying 'تصمیم مدیریتی' without pronouncing the 'e' sound between the two words sounds unnatural and immediately marks the speaker as a novice. Furthermore, learners whose native languages feature adjective agreement (like Spanish, French, or Arabic) might mistakenly try to alter the ending of 'مدیریتی' to match plural nouns. They might attempt to say 'تصمیم‌های مدیریتی‌ها' or something similar, which is entirely incorrect in Persian.
Adjective Agreement
A grammatical rule in some languages where adjectives must change form to match the gender or number of the noun. This does NOT exist in Persian.
Persian adjectives are invariable; they never change form regardless of the noun's plurality or (non-existent) gender. The correct phrase is always 'تصمیم‌های مدیریتی'.

اشتباه: مهارت‌های مدیریتی‌ها / درست: مهارت‌های مدیریتی

Semantically, a common mistake is using this formal, professional word in overly casual or inappropriate contexts. For instance, using 'مدیریتی' to describe organizing a small family dinner or managing a personal daily schedule sounds comically grandiose and out of place.

استفاده از این کلمه برای کارهای ساده روزمره مناسب نیست.

The word carries a weight of professional responsibility and organizational structure. For personal or simple organizational tasks, verbs like 'برنامه‌ریزی کردن' (to plan) or 'مرتب کردن' (to organize) are much more appropriate. Additionally, learners sometimes confuse 'مدیریتی' with related but distinct concepts like 'اداری' (administrative) or 'اجرایی' (executive). While a manager might do administrative work, the terms are not strictly synonymous. 'اداری' relates to office work, paperwork, and bureaucracy, whereas 'مدیریتی' implies leadership, decision-making, and strategic oversight.
Semantic Nuance
The subtle differences in meaning or connotation between closely related words.
Using 'کار اداری' when you mean 'کار مدیریتی' can significantly downplay the level of responsibility involved in a role.

تفاوت بین کارهای اداری و مدیریتی در میزان مسئولیت است.

Overcoming these mistakes requires active attention to context, consistent practice with the Ezafe, and a clear understanding of the morphological boundaries between nouns and adjectives in Persian. By addressing these common errors, learners can significantly improve the accuracy and professionalism of their Persian communication.

با تمرین مستمر، خطاهای مربوط به کلمات مدیریتی کاهش می‌یابد.

Expanding your professional Persian vocabulary requires understanding not just the word مدیریتی, but also the network of similar and related words that populate the business and administrative lexicon. By learning these related terms, you can express nuances in roles, responsibilities, and organizational structures with much greater precision. One of the most closely related terms is اجرایی (ejraee), which translates to 'executive' or 'operational'. While 'مدیریتی' focuses on the planning, oversight, and decision-making aspects of leadership, 'اجرایی' emphasizes the implementation and execution of those decisions.
اجرایی (Ejraee)
Executive, operational; relating to the implementation of plans or laws.
For example, a CEO is a 'مدیر اجرایی' (executive manager), combining both the strategic oversight and the responsibility for execution. Understanding the distinction between a 'تصمیم مدیریتی' (a managerial decision to do something) and 'اقدام اجرایی' (an executive action to get it done) is crucial for advanced business communication.

بخش مدیریتی برنامه‌ریزی می‌کند و بخش اجرایی عمل می‌کند.

Another highly relevant word is سرپرستی (sarparasti), meaning 'supervisory'. This term is often used for lower or middle-management roles where the primary duty is overseeing the day-to-day work of employees rather than making high-level strategic decisions. A 'نقش سرپرستی' (supervisory role) is often a stepping stone to a 'نقش مدیریتی' (managerial role).
سرپرستی (Sarparasti)
Supervisory; relating to the direct oversight of staff or specific tasks.
Furthermore, the word اداری (edari), meaning 'administrative', is frequently used in conjunction with or in contrast to managerial terms. 'کارهای اداری' (administrative tasks) typically involve paperwork, filing, human resources processing, and general office management.

او از کارهای اداری خسته شده و به دنبال پست مدیریتی است.

While managers certainly perform administrative tasks, their core function is 'مدیریتی'. Confusing these two can lead to misunderstandings about job descriptions and responsibilities. Another term to consider is سازمانی (sazmani), meaning 'organizational'. This is a broader term that encompasses anything related to the structure or function of an organization.

تغییرات سازمانی نیازمند تصمیمات مدیریتی قوی است.

You might discuss 'فرهنگ سازمانی' (organizational culture) or 'ساختار سازمانی' (organizational structure), which are heavily influenced by the 'سبک مدیریتی' (managerial style) of the leadership.
سازمانی (Sazmani)
Organizational; relating to the structure, culture, or function of an organization.
For those dealing with government or public policy, the word ریاستی (riyasati), meaning 'presidential' or 'relating to the head/chair', is also pertinent. It implies a higher level of authority, often at the very top of an institution, whereas 'مدیریتی' can apply to various levels of middle and upper management. Finally, the term راهبردی (rahbordi), meaning 'strategic', frequently collocates with managerial concepts. 'مدیریت راهبردی' (strategic management) is a major field of study and practice.

دیدگاه راهبردی برای موفقیت در پست‌های مدیریتی ضروری است.

By mastering this cluster of related vocabulary—اجرایی, سرپرستی, اداری, سازمانی, and راهبردی—learners can articulate complex professional scenarios, accurately describe job functions, and engage in sophisticated discussions about business and administration in Persian.

آشنایی با این کلمات، درک متون مدیریتی را بسیار آسان‌تر می‌کند.

How Formal Is It?

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

The Ezafe Construction (linking nouns and adjectives)

Word Formation: The suffix '-i' (ی) to create adjectives

Word Formation: The suffix '-iyat' (یت) to create abstract nouns

Noun Phrases in Persian

Attributive vs. Predicative Adjectives

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

1

من یک کار مدیریتی دارم.

I have a managerial job.

Basic use of the adjective modifying a noun with Ezafe.

2

او در بخش مدیریتی است.

He is in the managerial department.

Using the adjective with 'bakhsh' (department).

3

این یک نقش مدیریتی است.

This is a managerial role.

Simple 'to be' sentence with the adjective.

4

من کار مدیریتی را دوست دارم.

I like managerial work.

Using the phrase as a direct object.

5

او مهارت مدیریتی دارد.

She has managerial skill.

Basic possession sentence.

6

این میز مدیریتی است.

This is a managerial desk (executive desk).

Using the adjective to describe an object.

7

تیم مدیریتی ما خوب است.

Our managerial team is good.

Using the adjective with a plural pronoun possessive.

8

آیا این پست مدیریتی است؟

Is this a managerial post?

Forming a simple yes/no question.

1

من برای یک پست مدیریتی رزومه فرستادم.

I sent a resume for a managerial post.

Using the phrase with a preposition (baraye).

2

او تجربه مدیریتی زیادی در این شرکت دارد.

He has a lot of managerial experience in this company.

Adding an adverb of quantity (ziyadi).

3

کلاس‌های مدیریتی فردا شروع می‌شود.

Managerial classes start tomorrow.

Using the adjective with a plural noun as the subject.

4

ما به یک تصمیم مدیریتی نیاز داریم.

We need a managerial decision.

Using the phrase with the verb 'niyaz dashtan' (to need).

5

جلسه مدیریتی دو ساعت طول کشید.

The managerial meeting lasted two hours.

Using the phrase in a past tense sentence.

6

حقوق پست‌های مدیریتی بالاتر است.

The salary of managerial posts is higher.

Using the adjective in a comparative context.

7

من کتاب‌های مدیریتی می‌خوانم.

I read managerial books.

Using the adjective with a plural direct object.

8

مشکلات مدیریتی باعث تاخیر شد.

Managerial problems caused the delay.

Using the phrase as the cause of an event.

1

او به دلیل مهارت‌های مدیریتی‌اش ارتقا یافت.

She was promoted due to her managerial skills.

Using the adjective with a possessive suffix attached to the noun phrase.

2

سبک مدیریتی او بسیار مشارکتی و مدرن است.

His managerial style is very participatory and modern.

Using the adjective as the subject of a descriptive sentence.

3

شرکت در حال ایجاد تغییرات مدیریتی گسترده‌ای است.

The company is making extensive managerial changes.

Using the adjective with another adjective (gostardeh) modifying the same noun.

4

گزارش مدیریتی باید تا پایان هفته آماده شود.

The managerial report must be ready by the end of the week.

Using the phrase with a modal verb (bayad).

5

آنها در حال بررسی راهکارهای مدیریتی برای حل بحران هستند.

They are examining managerial solutions to solve the crisis.

Using the phrase in a complex sentence with a purpose clause.

6

فقدان تجربه مدیریتی نقطه ضعف اصلی او در مصاحبه بود.

The lack of managerial experience was his main weakness in the interview.

Using the phrase as part of a larger noun phrase (foghdan-e...).

7

این نرم‌افزار برای کارهای مدیریتی و حسابداری طراحی شده است.

This software is designed for managerial and accounting tasks.

Using the adjective in a coordinated phrase with 'and'.

8

تصمیمات مدیریتی اخیر تاثیر مثبتی بر روحیه کارکنان داشته است.

Recent managerial decisions have had a positive impact on employee morale.

Using the adjective with a time modifier (akhir).

1

بحران فعلی نتیجه سال‌ها سوء‌مدیریت و تصمیمات غلط مدیریتی است.

The current crisis is the result of years of mismanagement and wrong managerial decisions.

Combining the adjective with a negative descriptor (ghalat) and a related noun (soo-e-modiriyat).

2

ساختار مدیریتی سازمان نیازمند بازنگری و اصلاحات اساسی است.

The managerial structure of the organization requires fundamental review and reforms.

Using the phrase as the subject of a formal, abstract sentence.

3

وی دارای سوابق درخشان مدیریتی در سطح کلان اقتصادی می‌باشد.

He has a brilliant managerial record at the macroeconomic level.

Using highly formal vocabulary (savabegh, mibashad).

4

چالش‌های مدیریتی در شرکت‌های چندملیتی بسیار پیچیده‌تر از شرکت‌های محلی است.

Managerial challenges in multinational companies are much more complex than in local companies.

Using the phrase in a complex comparative structure.

5

استقرار سیستم‌های نوین مدیریتی می‌تواند بهره‌وری را به طور چشمگیری افزایش دهد.

The establishment of modern managerial systems can significantly increase productivity.

Using the phrase as the object of a verbal noun (esteghrar).

6

هیئت مدیره به دلیل ضعف عملکرد مدیریتی، مدیرعامل را برکنار کرد.

The board of directors dismissed the CEO due to weak managerial performance.

Using the phrase in a causal clause.

7

انتقال دانش مدیریتی از نسل‌های گذشته به مدیران جوان امری حیاتی است.

The transfer of managerial knowledge from past generations to young managers is a vital matter.

Using the phrase as part of a complex subject phrase.

8

این دوره آموزشی با هدف ارتقای توانمندی‌های مدیریتی مدیران میانی برگزار می‌شود.

This training course is held with the aim of upgrading the managerial capabilities of middle managers.

Using the phrase in a formal passive construction.

1

پارادایم‌های نوین مدیریتی بر لزوم چابکی سازمانی در مواجهه با نوسانات بازار تاکید دارند.

Modern managerial paradigms emphasize the necessity of organizational agility in the face of market fluctuations.

Using highly academic and abstract vocabulary (paradigm, chaboki).

2

تمرکززدایی مدیریتی و تفویض اختیار می‌تواند به تسریع روند تصمیم‌گیری در سازمان‌های عریض و طویل کمک کند.

Managerial decentralization and delegation of authority can help accelerate the decision-making process in sprawling organizations.

Using the adjective in a compound abstract concept (tamarkoz-zodaei).

3

گزارش‌های حسابرسی حاکی از وجود خلاءهای جدی در سیستم‌های نظارت مدیریتی شرکت است.

Audit reports indicate the existence of serious gaps in the company's managerial oversight systems.

Using the phrase in a complex sentence involving corporate governance terminology.

4

علی‌رغم تزریق منابع مالی هنگفت، فقدان یک استراتژی منسجم مدیریتی مانع از تحقق اهداف توسعه‌ای گردید.

Despite the injection of massive financial resources, the lack of a coherent managerial strategy prevented the realization of developmental goals.

Using the phrase in a sentence with a concessive clause (ali-raghm).

5

تحلیل‌گران اقتصادی، ریشه تورم ساختاری را در ناکارآمدی سیاست‌های کلان مدیریتی دولت می‌دانند.

Economic analysts consider the root of structural inflation to be the inefficiency of the government's macro-managerial policies.

Using the adjective to modify complex political-economic concepts.

6

پیاده‌سازی رویکردهای نوین در حسابداری مدیریتی، شفافیت مالی سازمان را به طرز بی‌سابقه‌ای افزایش داده است.

The implementation of modern approaches in managerial accounting has increased the organization's financial transparency unprecedentedly.

Using the specific technical collocation 'hesabdari-ye modiriyati'.

7

مقاومت در برابر تغییرات مدیریتی یکی از موانع اصلی در مسیر تحول دیجیتال سازمان‌ها محسوب می‌شود.

Resistance to managerial changes is considered one of the main obstacles on the path of digital transformation of organizations.

Using the phrase in a sentence discussing organizational psychology.

8

ارزیابی عملکرد مدیریتی باید مبتنی بر شاخص‌های کلیدی عملکرد (KPI) و به دور از سوگیری‌های شخصی انجام پذیرد.

The evaluation of managerial performance must be conducted based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and free from personal biases.

Using the phrase in a highly formal, prescriptive sentence.

1

آسیب‌شناسی سیستم‌های مدیریتی در اقتصادهای رانتی نشان می‌دهد که شایسته‌سالاری غالباً قربانی روابط حامی‌پرورانه می‌گردد.

The pathology of managerial systems in rentier economies shows that meritocracy often falls victim to clientelist relations.

Using the phrase within a deeply analytical socio-economic context.

2

ابعاد هستی‌شناختی و معرفت‌شناختی تئوری‌های کلاسیک مدیریتی در پرتو تحولات عصر پساصنعتی نیازمند بازخوانی انتقادی است.

The ontological and epistemological dimensions of classical managerial theories require critical rereading in light of the developments of the post-industrial era.

Using the phrase in a philosophical and highly academic register.

3

هژمونی گفتمان تکنوکراتیک در عرصه سیاست‌گذاری عمومی، لاجرم به تقلیل مسائل پیچیده اجتماعی به معضلات صرفاً مدیریتی می‌انجامد.

The hegemony of technocratic discourse in the realm of public policymaking inevitably leads to the reduction of complex social issues to purely managerial problems.

Using the adjective to critique a specific ideological approach.

4

درهم‌تنیدگی بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی و اقتصادی، اتخاذ یک رویکرد جامع‌نگر در حکمرانی و سیاست‌گذاری‌های کلان مدیریتی را اجتناب‌ناپذیر ساخته است.

The intertwining of environmental and economic crises has made the adoption of a holistic approach in governance and macro-managerial policymaking inevitable.

Using the phrase in a sentence discussing global, systemic issues.

5

تبیین سازوکارهای نهادی برای مهار فساد سیستماتیک، مستلزم شفاف‌سازی فرآیندهای تصمیم‌سازی در عالی‌ترین سطوح مدیریتی است.

Elucidating institutional mechanisms to curb systematic corruption requires clarifying decision-making processes at the highest managerial levels.

Using the phrase in a formal, prescriptive legal/administrative context.

6

ادبیات معاصر در حوزه رفتار سازمانی، بر نقش هوش هیجانی در ارتقای اثربخشی رهبری و کاهش فرسودگی شغلی در کادر مدیریتی تاکید می‌ورزد.

Contemporary literature in the field of organizational behavior emphasizes the role of emotional intelligence in enhancing leadership effectiveness and reducing burnout among managerial staff.

Using the phrase in a summary of academic literature.

7

گذر از مدیریت اقتدارگرا به رهبری تحول‌آفرین، نیازمند یک دگردیسی عمیق در فرهنگ سازمانی و الگوهای ذهنی طبقه مدیریتی است.

The transition from authoritarian management to transformational leadership requires a profound metamorphosis in organizational culture and the mental models of the managerial class.

Using the phrase to describe a sociological group ('tabaghe-ye modiriyati').

8

پیچیدگی‌های فزاینده زنجیره تامین جهانی، ضرورت استفاده از هوش مصنوعی را در بهینه‌سازی مدل‌های پیش‌بینی و تصمیم‌گیری‌های استراتژیک مدیریتی دوچندان کرده است.

The increasing complexities of the global supply chain have redoubled the necessity of using artificial intelligence in optimizing forecasting models and strategic managerial decisions.

Using the phrase in a highly technical, forward-looking business context.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

مهارت‌های مدیریتی
تجربه مدیریتی
تصمیمات مدیریتی
پست مدیریتی
کادر مدیریتی
مشکلات مدیریتی
سبک مدیریتی
تغییرات مدیریتی
ضعف مدیریتی
سیستم‌های مدیریتی

सामान्य वाक्यांश

در سطح مدیریتی
از لحاظ مدیریتی
دارای سابقه مدیریتی
تیم مدیریتی قوی
بحران مدیریتی

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

مدیریتی vs مدیریت (Management - Noun)

مدیریتی vs مدیر (Manager - Noun)

مدیریتی vs اداری (Administrative - Adjective)

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"N/A (As a formal adjective, it is rarely used in idioms, but frequently in formal collocations)"

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

مدیریتی vs

مدیریتی vs

مدیریتی vs

مدیریتی vs

مدیریتی vs

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

formality level

Formal/Professional

semantic nuance

Implies authority, strategic thinking, and oversight, distinguishing it from purely administrative or operational tasks.

regional variations

Standard across all Persian dialects.

सामान्य गलतियाँ
  • Using the noun 'مدیریت' instead of the adjective 'مدیریتی' to modify another noun (e.g., saying مهارت‌های مدیریت instead of مهارت‌های مدیریتی).
  • Forgetting to use the Ezafe construction to link the noun and the adjective.
  • Trying to make the adjective plural to match a plural noun (e.g., تصمیم‌های مدیریتی‌ها).
  • Using 'مدیریتی' to describe a person instead of using 'مدیر'.
  • Using the word in overly casual or personal contexts where simpler verbs like 'برنامه‌ریزی' would be better.

सुझाव

Always use the Ezafe

When using 'مدیریتی' to describe a noun, you must link them with the Ezafe. Without it, the sentence is grammatically incorrect. Practice saying 'kar-E modiriyati' aloud to build the habit.

Perfect for Resumes

If you are writing a CV in Persian, this word is essential. Use phrases like 'دارای ۵ سال تجربه مدیریتی' (having 5 years of managerial experience) to sound professional and competent.

Stress the last syllable

In Persian adjectives ending in '-i', the stress usually falls on that final syllable. Pronounce it as mo-di-ri-ya-TI to sound like a native speaker.

Don't use it for people

Never say 'He is managerial' in Persian by saying 'او مدیریتی است'. Always use the noun 'مدیر' for the person: 'او مدیر است'.

Learn it in chunks

Don't just memorize the word alone. Memorize it with its most common partners: مهارت‌های مدیریتی (skills), تجربه مدیریتی (experience), and تصمیمات مدیریتی (decisions).

Read business news

To see how this word is used naturally, read the economy section of Persian news websites. You will see it used to describe government policies and corporate actions.

Contrast with 'Edari'

In your writing, show advanced vocabulary skills by contrasting 'مدیریتی' (managerial) with 'اداری' (administrative) to clarify different types of tasks or roles.

Listen for the 'ye' sound

When listening to fast Persian, the Ezafe before 'مدیریتی' often sounds like a quick 'ye'. Train your ear to catch this subtle linking sound.

Recognize the pattern

Understanding that '-iyat' makes a noun and '-i' makes an adjective will help you decode hundreds of other formal Persian words with the same structure.

Keep it professional

Reserve this word for business, academic, or government contexts. Using it to describe organizing your closet will sound very strange to a native speaker.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine a MANAGER (مدیر) at a YACHT (یت) party, acting very bossy (ی). Modir-iyat-i = Managerial.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Arabic root integrated into Persian

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Highly formal. Used in professional, academic, and journalistic contexts.

The concept of modern corporate management evolved significantly in Iran during the 20th century, leading to the widespread adoption of this terminology in business education and practice.

Understood universally across Persian-speaking regions (Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan), though specific bureaucratic titles might vary.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"به نظر شما مهم‌ترین مهارت مدیریتی چیست؟ (What do you think is the most important managerial skill?)"

"آیا تا به حال تجربه مدیریتی داشته‌اید؟ (Have you ever had managerial experience?)"

"چگونه می‌توان مشکلات مدیریتی یک شرکت را حل کرد؟ (How can one solve the managerial problems of a company?)"

"تفاوت بین کارهای اجرایی و مدیریتی چیست؟ (What is the difference between executive and managerial work?)"

"سبک مدیریتی مدیرعامل شما چگونه است؟ (What is your CEO's managerial style like?)"

डायरी विषय

Describe a time when you had to use managerial skills, even if you weren't officially a manager.

Write a short review of a company's managerial performance based on recent news.

What are your career goals? Do they include a managerial position? Why or why not?

Discuss the impact of good vs. bad managerial decisions on employee morale.

How do cultural differences affect managerial styles in different countries?

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

No, 'مدیریتی' is an adjective used to describe things related to management, like skills, decisions, or roles. To describe a person, you use the noun 'مدیر' (manager). For example, you say 'او مدیر است' (He is a manager), not 'او مدیریتی است'.

No, Persian adjectives do not change form to agree with the noun's number or gender. Whether you are talking about one decision (تصمیم مدیریتی) or many decisions (تصمیم‌های مدیریتی), the adjective remains exactly the same.

You must use the Ezafe construction. This is a short vowel sound (usually 'e' or 'ye') added to the end of the noun. For example, 'کار' (work) becomes 'کارِ مدیریتی' (kar-e modiriyati). If the noun ends in a vowel, use 'ye', like 'نامه‌ی مدیریتی' (name-ye modiriyati).

Yes, it is highly formal and professional. It is best used in business environments, academic writing, news reports, and formal correspondence like resumes. Using it in casual, everyday conversation might sound unnatural.

'اداری' means administrative and relates to general office tasks, paperwork, and bureaucracy. 'مدیریتی' means managerial and implies leadership, strategic decision-making, and overseeing others. A manager does managerial work, while a clerk does administrative work.

No, it is strictly an adjective. The noun form is 'مدیریت' (management). If you want to talk about the concept or the department, use the noun. If you want to describe a skill or a meeting, use the adjective.

It comes from the Arabic root 'مدیر' (manager). Persian adds the abstract suffix '-iyat' to make 'مدیریت' (management), and then adds the adjective suffix '-i' to make 'مدیریتی' (managerial).

Some of the most common collocations are 'مهارت‌های مدیریتی' (managerial skills), 'تجربه مدیریتی' (managerial experience), 'تصمیمات مدیریتی' (managerial decisions), and 'پست مدیریتی' (managerial post/position).

It has five syllables: mo-di-ri-ya-ti. The stress is on the final syllable 'ti'. Make sure to pronounce the 'ya' clearly, as it comes from the 'iyat' suffix.

It's not recommended. 'مدیریتی' implies a formal, organizational context. For personal time management, it's better to use verbs like 'برنامه‌ریزی کردن' (to plan) or use the noun form in a specific phrase like 'مدیریت زمان' (time management), but not the adjective.

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खुद को परखो 180 सवाल

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

अभ्यास करने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

संबंधित सामग्री

work के और शब्द

عایدی

B1

काम या निवेश के बदले नियमित रूप से प्राप्त होने वाली आय या कमाई।

عمل کردن

A2

डॉक्टर ने मरीज का ऑपरेशन किया।

عملکرد

B1

जिस तरह से कोई व्यक्ति या मशीन किसी कार्य को पूरा करती है। किसी कार्रवाई की दक्षता या परिणामों का मूल्यांकन।

عملی

B1

व्यावहारिक: जो सिद्धांत के बजाय वास्तविक अनुभव या उपयोग से संबंधित हो।

عملیاتی

B1

परिचालन. प्रणाली अब चालू है.

اضافه کار

B2

ओवरटाइम। निर्धारित कार्य घंटों के अतिरिक्त किया गया कार्य।

اضافه کاری

B1

सामान्य कार्य घंटों के अतिरिक्त किया गया कार्य; ओवरटाइम।

اضافه کاری کردن

B1

काम पूरा करने के लिए ओवरटाइम करना।

اداره

A1

कार्यालय वह स्थान है जहाँ प्रशासनिक कार्य किया जाता है।

اداره کردن

B1

किसी संगठन या कार्य का प्रबंधन, संचालन या प्रशासन करना।

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