محصور
محصور 30 सेकंड में
- Mahsoor means 'enclosed' or 'surrounded'. It describes things with clear physical or metaphorical boundaries that prevent them from expanding or moving freely.
- Commonly used for gardens, cities under siege, or people under house arrest, this C1-level word adds a formal and precise tone to descriptions.
- Unlike 'mahdood' (limited in quantity), 'mahsoor' emphasizes the surrounding barrier or the state of being inside a restricted space or system.
- It is a passive participle from the Arabic root for 'besieging', carrying connotations of both protection (like a private garden) and confinement (like a prison).
The Persian word محصور (Mahsoor) is a sophisticated adjective primarily used to describe something that is physically enclosed, surrounded, or restricted within specific boundaries. At its most literal level, it refers to architectural or geographical spaces that are walled in or fenced off. However, its usage extends far beyond the physical realm into the abstract, describing individuals who feel trapped by circumstances, ideas that are limited by a specific framework, or even political situations where a group is besieged or under house arrest. Understanding this word requires an appreciation for the concept of 'boundary' in Persian culture, which can represent both protection (like a private garden) and restriction (like a prison).
- Literal Enclosure
- In architecture, a garden surrounded by high walls is described as a 'Bagh-e Mahsoor'. This implies a sense of privacy and exclusivity. It suggests that the space is defined and separated from the outside world by a physical barrier.
این حیاط قدیمی با دیوارهای آجری بلند محصور شده است تا آرامش ساکنان حفظ شود.
- Metaphorical Confinement
- When used metaphorically, it describes a person's state of mind or social condition. For instance, if someone is 'mahsoor' in their own thoughts, they are unable to see beyond their current perspective. In political contexts, it is the standard term for house arrest or being under a blockade.
The word carries a weight of formality. You are more likely to encounter it in classical literature, legal documents, or news broadcasts than in casual street slang. It evokes a sense of being 'held'—whether by walls, by law, or by fate. In historical texts, you might see it used to describe a city under siege (shahr-e mahsoor), where the inhabitants are cut off from resources. In modern academic writing, it might describe a dataset that is 'mahsoor' or limited to a specific demographic. The richness of the word lies in its ability to transition between the physical walls of a fortress and the invisible walls of a social contract.
اندیشههای او در چارچوبهای سنتی محصور نماند و به افقهای جدیدی دست یافت.
- Legal and Political Nuance
- In modern Iranian political discourse, 'Hasr' (the noun form related to mahsoor) is a very charged term. It specifically refers to the restriction of movement imposed on political figures. Therefore, calling someone 'mahsoor' in a political discussion is a serious statement about their lack of freedom.
Using 'محصور' correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a passive participle functioning as an adjective. It is frequently paired with the auxiliary verb 'shodan' (to become) or 'budan' (to be). It almost always requires a preposition to indicate what is doing the enclosing, typically 'dar' (in), 'be' (by/to), or 'ba' (with).
این روستا در میان کوههای بلند محصور شده است.
When describing physical objects, the structure is: [Subject] + [Preposition] + [Boundary] + [Mahsoor] + [Verb]. For example, 'The house (khaneh) is surrounded (mahsoor) by trees (ba derakhtan)'. This word is particularly useful in descriptive writing to create a sense of atmosphere—whether it is the cozy enclosure of a library or the suffocating enclosure of a prison cell.
- Describing Physical Spaces
- Use it for geography and architecture. 'The island is mahsoor by the sea.' 'The castle is mahsoor by a moat.' It emphasizes the boundary itself.
جزیره توسط آبهای نیلگون محصور است.
- Describing Abstract Limits
- Use it for rules, laws, or mental states. 'Our project is mahsoor within a tight budget.' 'His talent was mahsoor by lack of opportunity.' In these cases, it functions like 'restricted' or 'limited'.
پروژه ما به دلیل کمبود بودجه در امکانات اندکی محصور مانده است.
In C1 level writing, you should use 'mahsoor' to add precision to your descriptions. Instead of saying something is 'basteh' (closed), which is very basic, 'mahsoor' provides a more vivid picture of the enclosure. It suggests a deliberate act of surrounding. For instance, in a literary analysis, you might say a character's growth is 'mahsoor' in the expectations of their family. This elevates the register of your Persian significantly.
او احساس میکرد که در نقشهای جنسیتی سنتی محصور شده است.
While you might not hear 'محصور' while buying bread at a local bakery, it is a staple of Persian intellectual and formal life. It appears frequently in news broadcasts, particularly those discussing international relations, military sieges, or domestic political restrictions. If you listen to the BBC Persian or Iran International news, the word 'Hasr' (the noun form) or 'Mahsoor' (the adjective) is used almost daily to describe political figures whose movements are restricted by the state.
- In the News
- You will hear phrases like 'Niroohaye mahsoor dar shahr' (The forces besieged in the city). This is common in reports about conflict zones where a group of soldiers or civilians is surrounded by an opposing army.
دهها خانواده در مناطق جنگی محصور شدهاند و به کمکهای فوری نیاز دارند.
- In Literature and Poetry
- Contemporary Persian poets use 'mahsoor' to describe the feeling of modern alienation. A poet might describe their soul as being 'mahsoor' in a body or 'mahsoor' in a concrete city. It creates a melancholic, claustrophobic tone.
In academic settings, such as university lectures in sociology or philosophy, 'mahsoor' is used to define the limits of a theory or the boundaries of a social group. For example, a professor might say, 'This social phenomenon is not mahsoor to just one city; it is nationwide.' Here, it means 'limited' or 'confined'. Furthermore, in real estate listings for luxury villas, you might see descriptions of 'Amlak-e mahsoor ba divar-e sangi' (properties enclosed by stone walls), emphasizing security and privacy.
این ویلا در زمینی به مساحت هزار متر محصور شده است.
One of the most common mistakes learners make is confusing 'محصور' (Mahsoor) with 'محدود' (Mahdood). While both relate to limits, they are not interchangeable. 'Mahdood' means 'limited' in quantity, scope, or time (e.g., a limited budget, a limited time offer). 'Mahsoor' means 'enclosed' or 'surrounded' in space or by a physical/metaphorical barrier. If you say a budget is 'mahsoor', it sounds like the money is physically trapped in a box, whereas 'mahdood' correctly conveys that there isn't much of it.
- Confusion with 'Mahboos'
- Another mistake is using 'mahsoor' when you mean 'mahboos' (imprisoned). 'Mahboos' implies a criminal or legal detention in a jail. 'Mahsoor' is broader; you can be mahsoor in a beautiful garden or by a snowstorm, which isn't 'imprisonment' in the legal sense.
اشتباه: او در زندان محصور است. (درست: محبوس است)
A stylistic mistake is overusing 'mahsoor' in casual conversation. Because it is a high-register C1 word, using it to describe something mundane—like your cat being stuck in a room—might sound overly dramatic or poetic. In such cases, words like 'gir kardan' (to get stuck) or 'dar basteh' (behind closed doors) are more natural. Use 'mahsoor' when you want to emphasize the boundary or the state of being surrounded by something significant.
- Preposition Errors
- Learners often forget the preposition. You cannot just say 'The garden is mahsoor walls'. You must say 'The garden is mahsoor *by* walls' (ba divarha) or 'mahsoor *between* walls' (dar mian-e divarha).
او نه در واقعیت، بلکه در توهمات خود محصور شده بود.
To truly master the nuances of 'محصور', it is helpful to compare it with its synonyms and near-synonyms. Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about physical space, legal restriction, or metaphorical limits.
- محصور vs. محدود (Mahdood)
- Mahdood refers to limits in capacity, number, or time. Example: 'Limited resources'. Mahsoor refers to being surrounded or enclosed by something. Example: 'Enclosed by walls'.
- محصور vs. محبوس (Mahboos)
- Mahboos means 'imprisoned' or 'incarcerated' in a legal or penal sense. Mahsoor is 'confined' or 'besieged', which could be due to geography, politics, or architecture, not necessarily a crime.
- محصور vs. احاطهشده (Ehate-shodeh)
- Ehate-shodeh is the direct translation of 'surrounded'. It is more neutral and common in daily speech. Mahsoor is more formal and carries a stronger sense of being 'cut off' or 'restricted' by that surrounding.
In literary contexts, you might also encounter 'دربند' (Darband), which literally means 'in bonds' or 'shackled'. This is more poetic and emotional than 'mahsoor'. For example, 'The bird is darband in the cage'. While 'mahsoor' could also work there, 'darband' emphasizes the lack of freedom more poignantly. Another alternative is 'گرفتار' (Gereftar), which means 'caught' or 'entangled'. You use 'gereftar' when someone is stuck in a problem or a traffic jam, whereas 'mahsoor' is used for a more static state of enclosure.
گاه انسان در میان دیوارهای بلند تنهایی محصور میشود.
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- Pronouncing the 'h' too harshly like the German 'ch'. It should be a soft breath.
- Mixing up the 's' sound with 'sh'. It is a sharp 's' (ص).
- Shortening the long 'oo' sound to a short 'u' like in 'put'. It must be long like 'moon'.
- Ignoring the final 'r' or making it silent.
- Over-emphasizing the first syllable.
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
باغ محصور است.
The garden is enclosed.
Simple adjective use with 'ast' (is).
این اتاق محصور است.
This room is enclosed.
Subject + Adjective + Verb.
گربه در جعبه محصور است.
The cat is enclosed in the box.
Using 'dar' (in) to show location.
خانه با دیوار محصور است.
The house is enclosed by a wall.
Using 'ba' (with/by) for the boundary.
پارک محصور شده است.
The park has been enclosed.
Present perfect: 'mahsoor shodeh ast'.
آیا این زمین محصور است؟
Is this land enclosed?
Question form.
گلها در گلدان محصور هستند.
The flowers are enclosed in the pot.
Plural subject with 'hastand'.
او در ماشین محصور بود.
He was enclosed in the car.
Past tense 'bud' (was).
این حیاط با دیوارهای بلند محصور شده است.
This courtyard is enclosed by high walls.
Adding descriptive adjectives like 'boland' (high).
روستا در میان کوهها محصور است.
The village is enclosed among the mountains.
Using 'dar mian-e' (among/in the middle of).
حیوانات در قفس محصور هستند.
The animals are enclosed in the cage.
Formal plural 'hastand'.
زمین کشاورزی با پرچین محصور گشت.
The farmland was enclosed with a hedge.
'Gasht' is a formal version of 'shod' (became).
او خود را در اتاق محصور کرد.
He enclosed himself in the room.
Reflexive 'khod ra' with active verb 'kardan'.
این منطقه برای امنیت محصور است.
This area is enclosed for security.
Using 'baraye' (for) to show purpose.
آب در سد محصور شده است.
The water is enclosed in the dam.
Passive participle with 'shodeh ast'.
باغچه کوچک ما با چوب محصور است.
Our small garden is enclosed with wood.
Possessive 'ma' (our).
شهر به دلیل برف سنگین محصور شد.
The city became enclosed (trapped) due to heavy snow.
Using 'be dalil-e' (due to).
او احساس میکرد در زندگی شهری محصور شده است.
He felt he had become enclosed in urban life.
Metaphorical use of 'mahsoor'.
این جزیره توسط اقیانوس محصور گشته است.
This island is enclosed by the ocean.
Formal 'tavasot-e' (by) and 'gashteh ast'.
فکر او در سنتهای قدیمی محصور مانده بود.
His thought had remained enclosed in old traditions.
Using 'mandeh bud' (had remained).
ما باید این منطقه را محصور کنیم تا حیوانات خارج نشوند.
We must enclose this area so the animals don't leave.
Subjunctive 'konim' after 'bayad' (must).
قلعه با خندقی عمیق محصور بود.
The castle was enclosed by a deep moat.
Descriptive past tense.
کودکان در حیاط مدرسه محصور هستند.
The children are enclosed in the schoolyard.
Simple plural description.
این سند در یک پوشه محصور شده است.
This document is enclosed in a folder.
Passive state.
نیروهای دشمن در قلعه محصور شدند.
The enemy forces were besieged (enclosed) in the castle.
Military context for 'mahsoor'.
پروژه به دلیل محدودیتهای قانونی محصور مانده است.
The project has remained restricted due to legal limitations.
Abstract restriction.
او استعداد خود را در کارهای کوچک محصور کرد.
He confined his talent to small tasks.
Active usage for self-limitation.
کشور توسط همسایگان متخاصم محصور شده است.
The country is surrounded by hostile neighbors.
Political/Geographical context.
این نظریه در چارچوبهای علمی محصور است.
This theory is confined within scientific frameworks.
Academic context.
آزادی او در دیوارهای بلند زندان محصور گشت.
His freedom became enclosed within the high walls of the prison.
Poetic/Formal description of imprisonment.
بسیاری از روستاهای دورافتاده در فقر محصور هستند.
Many remote villages are trapped (enclosed) in poverty.
Sociological metaphor.
فضای سبز شهر توسط ساختمانهای بلند محصور شده است.
The city's green space is enclosed by tall buildings.
Urban planning context.
شخصیتهای داستان در بنبستهای اخلاقی محصور شدهاند.
The story's characters are trapped in moral dead-ends.
Literary analysis usage.
اقتصاد کشور در حصار تحریمها محصور مانده است.
The country's economy has remained confined within the fence of sanctions.
Complex political metaphor.
او روحی بزرگ داشت که در کالبدی کوچک محصور بود.
He had a great soul that was enclosed in a small body.
Philosophical/Poetic contrast.
این دانش نباید در آزمایشگاهها محصور بماند.
This knowledge should not remain confined to laboratories.
Negative subjunctive 'namanad'.
جریانهای فکری جدید نباید در مرزهای ملی محصور شوند.
New intellectual currents should not be confined within national borders.
Passive subjunctive.
او سالها در حصر خانگی محصور بود.
He was confined in house arrest for years.
Specific political terminology.
هنر او در کلیشههای زمانه محصور نگشت.
His art did not become confined by the clichés of the era.
Formal negative past 'nagasht'.
معنای واژه نباید در یک تعریف واحد محصور شود.
The meaning of a word should not be confined to a single definition.
Linguistic/Philosophical context.
هستی انسان در تنگنای زمان و مکان محصور گشته است.
Human existence has become enclosed in the straits of time and space.
Existentialist philosophical usage.
حقیقت مطلق در واژگان محدود ما محصور نمیگنجد.
Absolute truth does not fit, confined within our limited vocabulary.
High-level metaphysical expression.
قدرت سیاسی نباید در دست عدهای خاص محصور بماند.
Political power should not remain confined in the hands of a specific few.
Political theory context.
او در حصارِ خودساختهای از ترس و تردید محصور بود.
He was enclosed in a self-made fence of fear and doubt.
Psychological depth.
تمدنها غالباً در جغرافیای خود محصور میشوند.
Civilizations are often confined by their own geography.
Historical/Sociological generalization.
عشق، فراتر از آن است که در کلمات محصور گردد.
Love is beyond being confined in words.
Poetic/Abstract usage.
نور در منشور محصور شد و به رنگهای گوناگون تجزیه گشت.
The light was enclosed in the prism and decomposed into various colors.
Scientific/Literary description.
اراده ملت نباید در ساختارهای فرسوده محصور بماند.
The will of the nation should not remain confined in worn-out structures.
Rhetorical/Political usage.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
— To become enclosed or surrounded. Used for both physical and abstract situations.
او در مشکلات مالی محصور شد.
— To enclose or surround something deliberately. An active verb.
کشاورز زمین را با پرچین محصور کرد.
— An enclosed or small world. Often used to describe a narrow perspective.
او در دنیای محصور خود زندگی میکند.
— An enclosed space. Common in architecture and safety regulations.
کار در فضاهای محصور خطرناک است.
— Enclosed by high walls. A classic description of Persian gardens.
عمارت قدیمی محصور به دیوارهای بلند بود.
— Trapped or enclosed in time. A poetic expression.
خاطراتی که در زمان محصور ماندهاند.
— Enclosed in silence. Describes a very quiet or isolated state.
خانه در سکوت شب محصور بود.
— Enclosed in darkness. Used for lack of light or knowledge.
جنگل در تاریکی مطلق محصور شد.
— Enclosed in a cage. Used literally for animals or metaphorically for humans.
پرنده در قفس طلایی محصور بود.
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
— To be trapped in one's own limitations or ego. It describes someone who cannot see beyond themselves.
او آنقدر مغرور است که در حصار خود محصور مانده.
Literary— To be confined within four walls. Often refers to the domestic life of women in traditional settings.
او نمیخواست زندگیاش در چهاردیواری خانه محصور باشد.
Social/Informal— To be enclosed in one's cocoon. Refers to someone who is introverted or preparing for a change.
هنرمند در پیله تنهایی خود محصور شده بود.
Poetic— Enclosed in the claws of ... Used when something is trapped by a powerful negative force like death or poverty.
شهر در چنگال بیماری محصور گشت.
Formal/Dramatic— Enclosed in dust/mist. Refers to something unclear or forgotten by history.
نام او در غبار تاریخ محصور ماند.
Literary— Enclosed in locks and chains. Emphasizes heavy security or extreme lack of freedom.
گنج در قفل و زنجیر محصور بود.
Formal— Enclosed in a closed circle. Refers to a repetitive cycle with no way out.
بحثهای ما در دایرهای بسته محصور شده است.
Academic/Intellectual— Enclosed in a silk cocoon. Describes a comfortable but restrictive situation.
ثروت زیاد گاهی انسان را در پیلهای ابریشمین محصور میکند.
Poetic— Enclosed in a safe fence. Refers to staying in one's comfort zone.
او همیشه در حصار امن خود محصور میماند و ریسک نمیکند.
Psychological— Enclosed in the cage of the body. A classic Sufi/mystical idiom for the soul.
مرغ باغ ملکوتم، نیم از عالم خاک / چند روزی قفسی ساختهاند از بدنم.
Classical PoetrySummary
The word 'محصور' (mahsoor) is your go-to adjective for describing anything that is walled in, besieged, or restricted by boundaries. For example: 'این حیاط با دیوارهای بلند محصور است' (This courtyard is enclosed by high walls). Use it to elevate your Persian from simple descriptions to sophisticated, atmospheric narratives.
- Mahsoor means 'enclosed' or 'surrounded'. It describes things with clear physical or metaphorical boundaries that prevent them from expanding or moving freely.
- Commonly used for gardens, cities under siege, or people under house arrest, this C1-level word adds a formal and precise tone to descriptions.
- Unlike 'mahdood' (limited in quantity), 'mahsoor' emphasizes the surrounding barrier or the state of being inside a restricted space or system.
- It is a passive participle from the Arabic root for 'besieging', carrying connotations of both protection (like a private garden) and confinement (like a prison).
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
general के और शब्द
عادتوار
C1As a matter of habit; habitually.
عادی
A1'عادی' शब्द का अर्थ 'सामान्य' या 'साधारण' है। उदाहरण: 'एक सामान्य दिन' (یک روز عادی)।
عافیت
B2कल्याण, कुशलता; स्वास्थ्य और सुरक्षा की स्थिति। छींकने के बाद अक्सर आशीर्वाद के रूप में उपयोग किया जाता है।
عاجل
B2अति आवश्यक; जिसे तत्काल ध्यान या कार्रवाई की आवश्यकता हो। जैसे: 'ताज़ा समाचार' या 'शीघ्र स्वस्थ होना' ।
عاقبت
C1परिणाम या अंत। 'عاقبت उसे सफलता मिली।' (अंततः उसे सफलता मिली।)
عاقل
A1बुद्धिमान, समझदार। वह व्यक्ति जो विवेकपूर्ण निर्णय लेता है।
عالمگیر
C1विश्वव्यापी या सार्वभौमिक; जो पूरी दुनिया में फैला हो।
عالی
A1फारसी में 'Aali' का अर्थ है 'उत्कृष्ट' या 'बहुत बढ़िया' ।
عام
B1'Am' शब्द का अर्थ है 'सामान्य' या 'सार्वजनिक' ।
اعم از
B2सहित; चाहे वह... या... (विकल्पों को पेश करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है)।