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A2 verb #2,000 सबसे आम 10 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

راندن

randan शीर्ष 2,000

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव راندن 30 सेकंड में

व्याख्या راندن in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the absolute basics of Persian vocabulary. The verb راندن (randan) might be encountered, but usually, beginners first learn the noun راننده (ranandeh), meaning driver, or the compound verb رانندگی کردن (ranandegi kardan), meaning to drive. However, understanding the root راندن is helpful even at this early stage. At A1, you should simply know that this word relates to moving a car or a bicycle. You might learn the simple present tense: من می‌رانم (I drive) or او می‌راند (He/She drives). The focus is on recognizing the word in very simple, short sentences. For example, 'I drive the car' translates to 'من ماشین را می‌رانم'. Teachers at this level will emphasize the connection between the verb and common modes of transportation like ماشین (car) or اتوبوس (bus). You don't need to worry about the figurative meanings or complex conjugations yet. Just associate the sound 'ran' with the action of steering a vehicle. It is a stepping stone to building more complex sentences about daily routines and commuting, which are standard A1 topics.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

Reaching the A2 level, your understanding of راندن deepens significantly. This is the level where you actively start using the verb in your own sentences to describe past and future events. You will learn the past stem 'راند' (rand) and practice saying things like 'من دیروز ماشین را راندم' (I drove the car yesterday). You will also become comfortable with the object marker 'را' (ra), understanding that because you are driving a specific vehicle, it is required. At A2, you start differentiating between راندن (to drive a specific object) and رانندگی کردن (the general activity of driving). You will practice giving simple commands using the imperative form, such as 'آرام بران' (Drive slowly). The vocabulary surrounding the verb expands to include words like جاده (road), خیابان (street), and سرعت (speed). You will be able to write short paragraphs about a road trip, explaining who drove the car and where they drove it to. The focus is on practical, everyday communication regarding transportation and movement.

At the B1 level, learners are expected to handle a wider variety of contexts and slightly more complex grammar. Your use of راندن will become more nuanced. You will start using the subjunctive mood with modal verbs, constructing sentences like 'من باید ماشین را برانم' (I must drive the car) or 'او می‌خواهد دوچرخه براند' (He wants to ride a bicycle). You will also begin to encounter the secondary, figurative meaning of راندن in reading materials, such as short stories or news articles. You will understand phrases like 'راندن کسی از خانه' (to drive someone out of the house). At this stage, you should be comfortable with the colloquial pronunciation 'روندن' (rondan) and use it naturally in informal conversations. You will discuss traffic rules, driving habits, and perhaps even minor accidents, using راندن in conjunction with other relevant verbs and adjectives. Your listening comprehension will improve, allowing you to catch the verb even when spoken quickly by native speakers in movies or podcasts.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

By the B2 level, you have a solid grasp of Persian grammar and a broad vocabulary. You will use راندن effortlessly in all tenses, including the past perfect and future tenses. You will confidently navigate the subtle differences between راندن, هدایت کردن (to guide/pilot), and other synonyms. Your reading materials will include more complex texts, such as opinion pieces or modern literature, where the figurative uses of راندن are common. You might read about a politician 'driving away' supporters or a character 'banishing' dark thoughts. You will be able to express your opinions on driving-related topics, such as the environmental impact of cars or the challenges of driving in a busy city like Tehran, using sophisticated sentence structures. You will also understand and use passive constructions, though they are less common with this specific verb. At B2, your goal is fluency and the ability to adapt your language to both formal and informal situations, knowing exactly when to use the formal 'راندن' versus the colloquial 'روندن'.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C1 level, you are approaching native-like proficiency. Your use of راندن is highly sophisticated and context-appropriate. You fully appreciate the literary and poetic heritage of the word. You can read classical Persian poetry, such as the Shahnameh or the Divan of Hafez, and understand the epic or metaphorical contexts where heroes 'drive' their steeds or lovers 'drive away' sorrow. You are comfortable with complex compound nouns and adjectives derived from the root, such as پیشران (propellant) or بازدارنده (deterrent, from a related root concept). In professional or academic settings, you can use the verb in formal reports or presentations without hesitation. You understand regional variations and subtle idiomatic expressions that incorporate the concept of driving or pushing away. Your speech is fluid, and you can seamlessly switch between the literal and figurative meanings of the word depending on the flow of the conversation. You can also engage in deep discussions about the etymology and historical evolution of the verb.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

At the C2 level, your mastery of the Persian language is near absolute. You understand راندن not just as a vocabulary item, but as a cultural and linguistic artifact. You can analyze its usage in various historical periods of Persian literature and its evolution into modern slang. You can write eloquent essays or articles using the verb in highly creative and metaphorical ways, demonstrating a profound command of Persian rhetoric. You can effortlessly comprehend and produce the most obscure idioms and expressions related to driving, pushing, or banishing. You can debate complex topics, such as the psychological implications of 'driving' oneself to perfection, using precise and nuanced vocabulary. At this level, you are not just using the language; you are playing with it, and راندن is just one of the many tools in your extensive linguistic repertoire. You can correct subtle mistakes made by lower-level learners and explain the intricate grammatical rules governing the verb's usage in any conceivable context.

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

راندن 30 सेकंड में

Core meaning: To drive or operate a vehicle.
Secondary meaning: To push away, repel, or banish.
Grammar: Transitive verb, requires a direct object.
Colloquial form: Often pronounced as 'روندن' (rondan).

The Persian verb راندن (randan) is a highly versatile and fundamental word in the Persian language, primarily meaning to drive, to operate, or to control the direction and speed of a vehicle. Understanding this verb is crucial for any Persian learner, especially those at the A2 level, as it forms the basis for discussing transportation, daily commutes, and movement. When we look at the core semantics of راندن, we see that it implies a sense of active control and forward propulsion.

Literal Meaning: The most direct translation is to drive a vehicle, such as a car, bus, or bicycle, involving physical manipulation of controls.

In everyday conversation, you will frequently encounter this word when people talk about their journeys. For instance, someone might describe how they drove from Tehran to Isfahan.

من هر روز ماشینم را به سمت محل کار می‌رانم.

This sentence perfectly illustrates the standard, literal application of the verb. However, the richness of راندن extends far beyond just steering a car. It also carries a secondary, slightly more formal or literary meaning of driving away, repelling, or banishing someone or something.

Figurative Meaning: To force someone to leave, to push away negative thoughts, or to expel an enemy from a territory.

To truly master this word, one must appreciate its historical context. In classical Persian literature, heroes are often described as driving their steeds (horses) into battle.

رستم اسب خود را به سوی میدان جنگ راند.

This historical usage highlights the verb's association with command and authority. Furthermore, the concept of driving is not limited to physical objects. You can drive a point home, or drive someone to despair, though these English idioms do not always translate directly using راندن.

Grammatical Role: It is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object to complete its meaning. You must drive 'something'.

When learning this verb, pay close attention to its present stem, which is ران (ran). This stem is the foundation for many related words, such as راننده (driver) and رانندگی (driving).

او قایق را در امتداد رودخانه می‌راند.

Notice how the verb adapts to different modes of transport, from cars to boats. The versatility of راندن makes it an indispensable tool in your Persian vocabulary arsenal. As you progress in your studies, you will find that understanding the subtle distinctions between راندن and its synonyms will greatly enhance your fluency.

پادشاه دشمنان را از سرزمین خود راند.

This final example showcases the powerful, expulsive meaning of the word, proving that راندن is much more than just a simple translation for operating a car. It is a word imbued with motion, control, and sometimes, forceful removal.

او کالسکه را به سرعت راند.

By mastering راندن, you unlock a deeper understanding of Persian expression, enabling you to describe a wide array of actions involving movement and direction with precision and cultural authenticity.

Using the verb راندن correctly involves understanding its conjugation patterns, its transitivity, and its typical syntactic environment within a Persian sentence. As a regular verb in terms of its past stem but with a specific present stem, it follows standard Persian conjugation rules but requires memorization of its roots. The past stem is راند (rand), and the present stem is ران (ran).

Present Tense Conjugation: To form the present tense, add the prefix 'می' (mi-) to the present stem 'ران', followed by the personal endings: می‌رانم، می‌رانی، می‌راند، می‌رانیم، می‌رانید، می‌رانند.

This structure is essential for describing ongoing actions or habitual driving.

من هر شب ماشین را در خیابان‌های خلوت می‌رانم.

When discussing actions completed in the past, you utilize the past stem.

Past Tense Conjugation: The simple past is formed by adding personal endings directly to the past stem 'راند': راندم، راندی، راند، راندیم، راندید، راندند.

دیروز او دوچرخه‌اش را تا پارک راند.

Because راندن is a transitive verb, it almost always takes a direct object. In Persian, if this direct object is specific, definite, or previously mentioned, it must be followed by the object marker را (ra). The placement of the verb is typically at the very end of the sentence, adhering to Persian's Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order.

آنها قطار را به سمت کوهستان راندند.

In imperative forms, which are used to give commands, you use the prefix 'ب' (be-) attached to the present stem. Therefore, 'drive!' becomes بران (beran) for singular informal, and برانید (beranid) for plural or formal.

Imperative Form: Used for commands: بران (beran) - Drive! (singular). This is often used in urgent situations or direct instructions.

سریع‌تر بران، داریم دیر می‌رسیم!

Furthermore, راندن can be used in the subjunctive mood, which is triggered by modal verbs like 'want to' (خواستن) or 'must' (باید). The subjunctive form is identical to the imperative: برانم، برانی، براند، etc. It is also important to note how راندن interacts with prepositions. When indicating the destination, you typically use 'به' (be - to) or 'به سمت' (be samt-e - towards).

او گله گوسفندان را به سمت دشت راند.

This example also shows that راندن is not exclusively for motorized vehicles; it can be used for driving animals, reinforcing its core meaning of directing movement. By practicing these conjugations and syntactic structures, learners will confidently integrate راندن into their daily Persian conversations, ensuring grammatical accuracy and natural flow.

The verb راندن and its derivatives permeate many aspects of Iranian life, culture, and media. While the compound verb رانندگی کردن is more frequent in casual street talk for the general act of driving, the simple verb راندن holds a special place in specific contexts, formal speech, literature, and idiomatic expressions. You will undoubtedly hear it in driving schools (آموزشگاه رانندگی) where instructors explain the mechanics of operating a vehicle.

News and Media: Journalists and news anchors frequently use راندن when reporting on transportation, accidents, or new vehicle technologies, as it sounds more professional and concise.

پلیس به رانندگانی که با سرعت بالا می‌رانند هشدار داد.

In the realm of literature and poetry, راندن is ubiquitous. Classical poets like Ferdowsi and Hafez used it to describe epic journeys, the passage of time, or the banishment of sorrow.

او قایق عشق را در دریای طوفانی راند.

Furthermore, you will hear this word in historical documentaries or movies set in the past, where characters drive chariots, horses, or early automobiles.

Everyday Colloquialisms: In spoken Tehrani Persian, the verb is often softened and pronounced as روندن (revondan or rondan), reflecting the natural evolution of the spoken language.

بیا این ماشین رو تا خونه برون.

This colloquial pronunciation is vital for listening comprehension, as native speakers rarely enunciate the formal 'راندن' in relaxed settings. Another significant area where you hear this root is in compound nouns. The word راننده (driver) is used dozens of times a day, whether calling a taxi (راننده تاکسی), talking about a bus driver, or discussing Formula 1 racing.

Legal and Official Contexts: In legal documents, traffic laws, and official police reports, the formal verb راندن is strictly used to maintain a professional and unambiguous tone.

شخصی که وسیله نقلیه را می‌راند باید گواهینامه داشته باشد.

You might also encounter the figurative meaning in psychological or religious contexts, such as 'driving away evil spirits' (راندن ارواح شیطانی) or 'banishing negative thoughts' (راندن افکار منفی).

او ترس را از قلب خود راند.

By exposing yourself to diverse Persian media—from the daily news and taxi conversations to classical poetry and modern cinema—you will develop a nuanced ear for the various contexts and pronunciations of راندن, enriching your cultural and linguistic fluency.

When learning the verb راندن, Persian students frequently encounter a few specific stumbling blocks. These mistakes usually revolve around confusing it with its compound counterpart, incorrect preposition usage, and mispronunciation in colloquial contexts. The most prevalent error is the interchangeable use of راندن and رانندگی کردن without understanding the nuance.

Transitivity Confusion: راندن requires a direct object (e.g., driving a car), while رانندگی کردن is often used intransitively for the general act of driving.

For example, saying 'من در خیابان می‌رانم' (I drive in the street) sounds incomplete and slightly unnatural without specifying *what* you are driving. It is much better to say 'من در خیابان رانندگی می‌کنم' (I am driving in the street) or 'من ماشینم را در خیابان می‌رانم' (I am driving my car in the street).

Incorrect: من خوب می‌رانم. | Correct: من خوب رانندگی می‌کنم.

Another frequent mistake involves the omission of the direct object marker 'را' (ra). Because راندن deals with specific vehicles, the 'را' is almost always mandatory.

او ماشین پدرش را راند.

Learners also struggle with the figurative meaning of 'driving away' or 'banishing'. They might try to translate English idioms directly. For instance, 'driving someone crazy' cannot be translated using راندن. Instead, Persian uses 'دیوانه کردن' (to make crazy).

Idiomatic Mismatches: Do not use راندن for emotional states like 'driving me mad'. Reserve it for physical vehicles or physically/metaphorically pushing someone away.

آنها گدا را از در خانه راندند.

Pronunciation presents another hurdle. In colloquial Persian, the 'ا' (alef) in راندن often shifts to an 'و' (vav) sound, making it 'روندن' (rondan). Students who only learn the formal pronunciation might fail to recognize the word in fast, everyday speech.

Preposition Errors: When expressing driving *to* a place, use 'به' (be) or 'به سمت' (be samt-e). Do not use 'تا' (ta - until) unless you mean driving *as far as* a certain point.

من ماشین را به سمت تهران راندم.

Finally, confusing the present stem (ران) with the past stem (راند) leads to conjugation errors. Remember that the past tense always has the 'د' (d) at the end of the stem.

فردا ماشین را خواهم راند.

By being aware of these common pitfalls—transitivity, object markers, idiomatic usage, colloquial pronunciation, and stem confusion—learners can significantly improve their accuracy and sound much more natural when discussing driving in Persian.

The Persian language offers several verbs related to driving, guiding, and moving, each with its own specific nuance and appropriate context. While راندن is the core verb for operating a vehicle, understanding its synonyms is vital for expanding your vocabulary and expressing yourself with greater precision. The most immediate and common synonym is the compound verb رانندگی کردن (ranandegi kardan).

رانندگی کردن (Ranandegi Kardan): This means 'to do driving' or 'to drive' in a general sense. It is the most common way to express the act of driving in everyday conversation, often used intransitively.

من شغل خوبی دارم، من در جاده‌ها رانندگی می‌کنم، اما گاهی کامیون را هم می‌رانم.

Another closely related word is هدایت کردن (hedayat kardan), which translates to 'to guide', 'to steer', or 'to pilot'.

هدایت کردن (Hedayat Kardan): This verb implies a higher level of control or navigation, often used for larger vessels like ships or airplanes, or metaphorically for leading a group of people.

کاپیتان کشتی را در میان طوفان به سلامت راند و هدایت کرد.

When discussing the figurative meaning of راندن—to drive away or banish—several other verbs come into play. دور کردن (door kardan) means 'to make far' or 'to push away', and is a very common, simpler alternative.

دور کردن (Door Kardan): Used to physically or metaphorically move something away. It lacks the forceful 'driving' connotation of راندن but achieves a similar result.

او افکار بد را از خود دور کرد و اسبش را به جلو راند.

For a more formal or intense banishment, اخراج کردن (ekhraj kardan - to expel) or تبعید کردن (tab'id kardan - to exile) might be used, though these are much stronger than راندن.

مدیر کارمند خاطی را از شرکت راند و اخراج کرد.

Lastly, in very colloquial settings, you might hear روندن (rondan), which is simply the spoken evolution of راندن. It is not a different word, but a crucial phonetic variation to recognize.

داداش، ماشین رو تندتر برون!

By comparing راندن with رانندگی کردن, هدایت کردن, and دور کردن, learners can appreciate the specific niche راندن occupies: the direct, physical operation of a vehicle, or the forceful pushing away of an entity, bridging the gap between everyday utility and literary expression.

How Formal Is It?

कठिनाई स्तर

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Direct Object Marker (را)

Present Tense Conjugation

Past Tense Conjugation

Subjunctive Mood with Modal Verbs

Imperative Form

पूरी व्याख्या पढ़ने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

من ماشین می‌رانم.

I drive a car.

Simple present tense, basic subject-verb agreement.

او اتوبوس می‌راند.

He drives a bus.

Third-person singular present tense.

پدرم ماشین را می‌راند.

My father drives the car.

Introduction of the specific object marker 'را'.

من راننده هستم.

I am a driver.

Using the noun form derived from the verb stem.

آیا تو ماشین می‌رانی؟

Do you drive a car?

Simple yes/no question in the present tense.

او دوچرخه می‌راند.

She rides a bicycle.

Using the verb for non-motorized vehicles.

ما ماشین می‌رانیم.

We drive a car.

First-person plural present tense.

آنها کامیون می‌رانند.

They drive a truck.

Third-person plural present tense.

دیروز من ماشین را به مدرسه راندم.

Yesterday I drove the car to school.

Simple past tense with a specific destination.

لطفاً ماشین را آرام‌تر بران.

Please drive the car more slowly.

Imperative form used for a polite command.

او نمی‌تواند ماشین براند.

He cannot drive a car.

Negative present tense with the modal verb 'توانستن'.

ما فردا به تهران خواهیم راند.

We will drive to Tehran tomorrow.

Simple future tense construction.

برادرم ماشین جدیدش را می‌راند.

My brother is driving his new car.

Present continuous meaning using the simple present form.

آنها قایق را در دریاچه راندند.

They drove the boat on the lake.

Using the verb with a water vehicle in the past tense.

من دوست دارم ماشین برانم.

I like to drive.

Subjunctive mood after 'دوست داشتن' (to like).

چرا اینقدر تند می‌رانی؟

Why are you driving so fast?

Question word 'چرا' with an adverb of manner.

وقتی باران می‌بارد، باید با احتیاط بیشتری ماشین را برانیم.

When it rains, we must drive the car with more caution.

Subjunctive mood after 'باید' and adverbial phrase of manner.

او سگ‌های ولگرد را از حیاط خانه راند.

He drove the stray dogs away from the yard.

Figurative use meaning 'to chase away' or 'repel'.

من ترجیح می‌دهم در شب رانندگی نکنم و ماشین نرانم.

I prefer not to drive at night.

Negative subjunctive after 'ترجیح دادن'.

آنها ساعت‌ها در جاده‌های کوهستانی راندند تا به روستا رسیدند.

They drove for hours on mountain roads until they reached the village.

Past tense narrative with a subordinate clause of time.

اگر گواهینامه نداشته باشی، نمی‌توانی این ماشین را برانی.

If you don't have a license, you cannot drive this car.

First conditional sentence structure.

پدربزرگم در جوانی کالسکه می‌راند.

My grandfather used to drive a carriage in his youth.

Past continuous/habitual tense (می + past stem).

موتورسوار موتور خود را با مهارت از میان ترافیک راند.

The motorcyclist skillfully drove his motorcycle through the traffic.

Using a prepositional phrase of movement 'از میان'.

او تمام افکار منفی را از ذهن خود راند.

She drove all negative thoughts from her mind.

Metaphorical use of the verb with an abstract object.

با وجود خستگی مفرط، او مجبور بود تا صبح ماشین را براند.

Despite extreme fatigue, he was forced to drive the car until morning.

Subjunctive after 'مجبور بودن' with a concessive clause.

دولت تلاش می‌کند سرمایه‌گذاران خارجی را به سمت کشور براند.

The government is trying to drive foreign investors toward the country.

Metaphorical use meaning 'to attract' or 'steer'.

راننده‌ای که در حالت مستی می‌راند، دستگیر شد.

The driver who was driving while intoxicated was arrested.

Relative clause defining the subject.

آنها دشمنان را از مرزهای کشور به عقب راندند.

They drove the enemies back from the country's borders.

Use of the compound concept 'به عقب راندن' (to push back).

اگر او با این سرعت نمی‌راند، تصادف نمی‌کرد.

If he hadn't been driving at this speed, he wouldn't have crashed.

Third conditional (unreal past) sentence.

سیستم‌های پیشرفته به خلبان کمک می‌کنند تا هواپیما را بهتر براند.

Advanced systems help the pilot to drive (pilot) the airplane better.

Using the verb for piloting an aircraft in a technical context.

او با سخنان تندش، تمام دوستانش را از خود راند.

With her harsh words, she drove all her friends away from herself.

Figurative use showing social alienation.

پیش از اختراع اتومبیل، انسان‌ها حیوانات بارکش را می‌راندند.

Before the invention of the automobile, humans used to drive draft animals.

Historical context using the past habitual tense.

سیاست‌های اقتصادی نادرست، کشور را به سوی بحران راند.

Incorrect economic policies drove the country toward a crisis.

Abstract metaphorical use with a preposition of direction.

در ادبیات حماسی، پهلوانان اسب‌های خود را به قلب سپاه دشمن می‌رانند.

In epic literature, heroes drive their horses into the heart of the enemy's army.

Literary and historical context typical of C1 reading.

نیروی محرکه‌ای که او را به سمت موفقیت می‌راند، جاه‌طلبی بی‌حد و حصرش بود.

The driving force that propelled him toward success was his boundless ambition.

Complex sentence with a relative clause acting as the subject.

او با مهارت تمام، کشتی طوفان‌زده را به ساحل امن راند.

With utmost skill, he drove the storm-tossed ship to a safe shore.

Use of descriptive adjectives and adverbial phrases of manner.

تبلیغات منفی، بخش عمده‌ای از مشتریان را از این برند رانده است.

Negative advertising has driven a major portion of customers away from this brand.

Present perfect tense used in a business context.

نویسنده در این رمان، خواننده را به اعماق تاریک ذهن شخصیت اصلی می‌راند.

In this novel, the author drives the reader into the dark depths of the main character's mind.

Highly figurative use common in literary analysis.

مبادا با رفتارت، کسانی را که دوستت دارند از خود برانی.

Lest you drive away those who love you with your behavior.

Use of the cautionary conjunction 'مبادا' requiring the subjunctive.

تکنولوژی‌های جدید، مرزهای علم پزشکی را به جلو رانده‌اند.

New technologies have driven the boundaries of medical science forward.

Metaphorical use indicating progress and advancement.

راندنِ سخن در باب چنین مسأله‌ی غامضی، نیازمندِ تبحری شگرف است.

Driving the discourse (speaking) on such an obscure issue requires immense expertise.

Highly formal, archaic idiom 'راندن سخن' (to speak/discourse).

طوفانِ حوادث، سفینه‌ی حیاتِ او را به ورطه‌ی هلاکت راند.

The storm of events drove the ship of his life into the abyss of destruction.

Poetic and highly literary phrasing with complex genitive constructions.

وی با استدلالی پولادین، خصم را از میدانِ مناظره به در راند.

With an ironclad argument, he drove the adversary out of the arena of debate.

Use of the compound 'به در راندن' (to drive out) in a formal context.

نفسِ امّاره، آدمی را به سوی قهقرای اخلاقی می‌راند، مگر آنکه عنانِ عقل کشیده شود.

The commanding self (ego) drives man toward moral regression, unless the reins of reason are pulled.

Philosophical/religious terminology combined with metaphorical driving.

راندگانِ درگاهِ الهی، رویِ رستگاری را نخواهند دید.

Those driven away (outcasts) from the divine threshold shall not see the face of salvation.

Use of the plural past participle 'راندگان' as a noun (the outcasts).

چنان با شتاب مرکبِ مراد می‌راند که گویی از سایه‌ی خویش می‌گریخت.

He was driving the steed of desire with such haste as if he were fleeing from his own shadow.

Classical poetic imagery using 'مرکب' (steed/vehicle).

استبدادِ حاکم، نخبگانِ جامعه را به انزوایِ سیاسی راند.

The ruling despotism drove the elites of society into political isolation.

Advanced political vocabulary and abstract metaphorical movement.

آب‌های خروشان، تخته‌پاره‌ها را بی‌محابا به صخره‌های ساحلی می‌راندند.

The roaring waters recklessly drove the driftwood against the coastal rocks.

Descriptive narrative using advanced adverbs and vivid imagery.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

ماشین راندن

دوچرخه راندن

قایق راندن

به عقب راندن

سخن راندن

از خود راندن

به جلو راندن

سریع راندن

با احتیاط راندن

در جاده راندن

सामान्य वाक्यांश

ماشین را راندن

کسی را از خود راندن

سخن راندن

به حاشیه راندن

به عقب راندن

با سرعت راندن

در تاریکی راندن

قایق را راندن

گله را راندن

افکار را راندن

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

راندن vs رانندگی کردن

راندن vs رفتن

راندن vs هدایت کردن

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"سخن راندن"

"به حاشیه راندن"

"از در راندن"

"اسب خود را تاختن و راندن"

"قایق در خشکی راندن"

"کسی را از بهشت راندن"

"شیطان را راندن"

"خواب را از چشم راندن"

"به قهقرا راندن"

"مرکب مراد راندن"

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

راندن vs

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

सभी उदाहरण देखने के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

note

While راندن is grammatically correct for driving, native speakers heavily favor the compound verb رانندگی کردن for everyday conversation unless specifying the exact object being driven.

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Using راندن without a direct object instead of رانندگی کردن.
Forgetting the object marker 'را' when referring to a specific vehicle.
Translating English idioms like 'driving me crazy' literally using راندن.
Failing to recognize the colloquial pronunciation 'روندن' in spoken Persian.
Confusing the present stem 'ران' with the past stem 'راند' when conjugating.

सुझाव

Always find the object

When using راندن, always ask yourself 'what is being driven?'. If you can't answer that, you probably should be using رانندگی کردن instead. راندن needs a target.

The colloquial shift

To sound like a native, practice changing the 'a' sound to an 'o' or 'u' sound in casual speech. Say 'mironam' instead of 'miranam' when talking to friends.

Learn the family

Don't just learn the verb. Learn the related words simultaneously: راننده (driver) and رانندگی (driving). They all share the same root 'ران' and will boost your vocabulary quickly.

Metaphorical power

Impress your Persian teachers by using راندن metaphorically. Talk about 'driving away sadness' (راندن غم) to show you understand the deeper nuances of the language.

Don't forget the 'ra'

The object marker 'را' is your best friend with this verb. Because you usually drive a specific car (yours, your friend's, the taxi), 'را' is almost always necessary right before the verb.

Direction matters

When saying where you drove to, use 'به' (to) or 'به سمت' (towards). For example, 'ماشین را به سمت خانه راندم' (I drove the car towards home).

Watch movies

Watch Iranian movies and pay attention to scenes in cars. You will hear how natives effortlessly switch between 'رانندگی کردن' for the activity and 'روندن' for the specific action.

Formal vs Informal

In written essays or formal emails, always use the proper spelling 'راندن'. Reserve 'روندن' strictly for dialogue or text messages with close friends.

Learn 'Sokhan Randan'

Memorize the phrase 'سخن راندن' (to give a speech). It's a great phrase to use in advanced writing or when discussing politicians or professors.

Conjugation drill

Write out the full conjugation of راندن in present, past, and future tenses. Because the stems (ران / راند) are so similar, writing them down helps cement the difference in your memory.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine you are RUNNING (ران) to catch the car you need to DRIVE (راندن).

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Middle Persian

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Ferdowsi's Shahnameh frequently uses راندن to describe heroes charging into battle, giving the word a heroic undertone.

Driving in Tehran is notoriously chaotic. Using 'راندن' correctly when complaining about traffic is a rite of passage for learners.

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"آیا راندن ماشین در تهران سخت است؟"

"چه کسی در خانواده شما بهتر ماشین می‌راند؟"

"ترجیح می‌دهی ماشین برانی یا با اتوبوس بروی؟"

"اولین بار کی ماشین راندی؟"

"آیا تا به حال قایق رانده‌ای؟"

डायरी विषय

Write about the first time you drove a car using the verb راندن.

Describe a situation where you had to 'drive away' negative thoughts.

Compare driving in your home country to driving in Iran.

Write a short story about a captain driving a ship through a storm.

Explain why you prefer driving or being a passenger.

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

راندن is a transitive verb that requires a direct object, meaning you must specify what you are driving (e.g., driving a car). رانندگی کردن is an intransitive compound verb used for the general act of driving. You use رانندگی کردن when you say 'I am driving', and راندن when you say 'I am driving the car'.

In everyday spoken Persian, especially in Tehran, the 'ا' (alef) sound often changes to an 'و' (vav) sound. Therefore, راندن is commonly pronounced as روندن (rondan). For example, می‌رانم becomes می‌رونم.

Yes, راندن is perfectly suitable for non-motorized vehicles like bicycles. You can say 'دوچرخه راندن' (to ride/drive a bicycle). However, 'دوچرخه‌سواری کردن' is also very common.

No, it has a significant secondary meaning. It can mean to push away, repel, or banish. For example, 'راندن دشمن' means to drive away the enemy. This is common in literature and formal contexts.

The present stem is ران (ran). You use this stem to form the present tense (می‌رانم), the imperative (بران), and the subjunctive (برانم). It is also the root for words like راننده (driver).

If you are referring to a specific, definite vehicle, yes. 'ماشین را راندم' (I drove the car). If you are talking about driving any car in a general sense, you might omit it, but in that case, 'رانندگی کردن' is usually preferred anyway.

To tell someone to drive, you use the imperative form. For a single person informally, say 'بران' (beran) or colloquially 'برون' (berun). For formal or plural, say 'برانید' (beranid).

While technically possible, it is not the most natural choice. For airplanes and large ships, the verb 'هدایت کردن' (to guide/pilot) or 'خلبانی کردن' (to pilot) is much more common and appropriate.

It is regular in the sense that its past tense is formed predictably by adding personal endings to the past stem 'راند'. However, like many Persian verbs, its present stem 'ران' must be memorized as it doesn't follow a strict predictable rule from the infinitive.

This is a formal idiom that translates literally to 'driving speech'. It means to speak, to give a speech, or to discourse upon a subject. It is used in highly formal or literary contexts.

सुझाव और नोट्स के लिए मुफ़्त साइन अप करें