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A2 verb #400 सबसे आम 8 मिनट पढ़ने का समय

来る

kuru शीर्ष 400

At the A1 level, students learn 来る (kuru) primarily in its polite form, 来ます (kimasu). The focus is on basic physical movement toward the speaker. Students learn to say 'I will come' or 'Someone is coming.' The main challenge at this level is distinguishing kimasu (come) from ikimasu (go). Exercises usually involve simple destinations like 'school,' 'home,' or 'Japan.' Learners also begin to see the negative form kimasen and the past form kimashita. It is important to emphasize that kimasu is used for the future and habitual actions, while kimashita is for completed arrivals. The concept of 'coming to Japan' is a very common first sentence for many learners.

At the A2 level, the focus shifts to the dictionary form 来る (kuru) and the irregular negative form こない (konai). Students learn that kuru is an irregular verb and must memorize its unique conjugation pattern. This level introduces the -te form, 来て (kite), which is used for making requests ('Please come') and for the -te kuru construction. A2 learners start using kuru to describe things like 'The bus is coming' or 'A friend is coming over.' They also begin to understand the potential form korareru (can come) and the casual 'ra-nuki' version koreru. Understanding the difference between kuru and iku in the context of 'I'm coming to your house' (which is iku in Japanese) is a key milestone at this level.

At the B1 level, learners explore the auxiliary uses of 〜てくる (~te kuru) in depth. This includes physical actions like katte kuru (buy and come back) and aspectual uses where an action starts in the past and continues to the present, such as nihongo o benkyou shite kita (I have been studying Japanese up until now). B1 students also learn to use kuru for natural phenomena and changes in state, like atsuku natte kita (it's started to get hot). The figurative use of 'ideas coming to mind' (ukande kuru) is also introduced. At this stage, learners should be comfortable with all basic conjugations, including the conditional kureba and the volitional koyou.

At the B2 level, students master the nuances of 来る (kuru) in various registers and idiomatic expressions. They learn to use kuru to describe social trends or things 'coming into fashion.' The distinction between kuru and more specific verbs like yattekuru (to come along/arrive after effort) becomes important. B2 learners also start using kuru in complex grammar structures like ~te kuru to indicate a change that is just beginning to be noticed, or to describe an action that is done 'for the speaker's benefit' in certain contexts. They also begin to encounter kuru in more formal written contexts where it might be used to describe historical developments 'coming down to the present day.'

At the C1 level, the focus is on Keigo (honorifics) and literary uses of 来る (kuru). Students must fluently switch between kuru, mairu (humble), and irassharu (honorific) depending on the social hierarchy. They also learn highly formal variations like o-koshi ni naru or o-mie ni naru. C1 learners study the use of kuru in classical or formal literature, where it might appear in forms like kitari or kitaru (e.g., kitaru juu-gatsu - the coming October). They also explore abstract idiomatic uses where kuru describes emotional states 'welling up' (komiagete kuru) or the origin of abstract concepts (~kara kuru).

At the C2 level, mastery of 来る (kuru) involves understanding its deepest etymological roots and its role in archaic or highly specialized Japanese. This includes recognizing the verb in historical texts and understanding how its conjugation has evolved. C2 learners can use kuru and its derivatives to express subtle nuances in philosophy, law, or high-level academic discourse. They are also adept at using kuru in wordplay, puns, and sophisticated metaphors. At this level, the speaker can use the verb to describe the 'coming' of abstract eras or cosmic events with the appropriate poetic weight, and they have a perfect command of the most obscure honorific forms used only in the most formal ceremonies.

इसका अभ्यास करें उदाहरण नोट्स और सुझाव

来る 30 सेकंड में

Kuru means 'to come' toward the speaker.
It is highly irregular: konai, kimasu, kuru, kite, kita.
Used as an auxiliary (~te kuru) for actions moving toward the present.
Never use it for 'I am coming' when moving away from your current spot.

The Japanese verb 来る (kuru) is one of the most fundamental pillars of the Japanese language, representing the concept of 'to come' or 'to approach.' Unlike many other Japanese verbs that follow regular conjugation patterns (Group 1 or Group 2), kuru is famously irregular, belonging to its own unique category known as Ka-hen (K-group). Its primary function is to describe movement toward the speaker's current location or a psychological point of reference. This directionality is crucial; while English speakers might say 'I'm coming!' when heading toward someone else, Japanese speakers strictly use 来る only when the movement is directed toward the person speaking or the place where they currently are.

Core Directionality: The movement must be toward the speaker. If you are going to meet someone at their house, you use iku (to go), not kuru.
Irregularity: The stem changes significantly: kuru (dictionary), kimasu (polite), konai (negative), kita (past).

友達が私の家に来る。(Tomodachi ga watashi no ie ni kuru.) - A friend is coming to my house.

Beyond physical movement, kuru serves as a powerful auxiliary verb when attached to the -te form of other verbs. In this context, it indicates that an action has been continuing from the past up to the present, or that a certain state has begun to emerge. For example, futte kuru (to start raining) suggests the rain is 'coming' into existence from the speaker's perspective. This nuance of 'approaching the present' or 'becoming visible' is a hallmark of intermediate Japanese proficiency.

Temporal Use: Used to describe seasons or events that are approaching, such as fuyu ga kuru (winter is coming).

バスがなかなか来ない。(Basu ga nakanaka konai.) - The bus just won't come.

In social contexts, the level of politeness attached to kuru changes its form entirely. While kuru is used with friends, kimasu is standard for daily interactions. In business, you might use mairu (humble) to describe your own arrival or irassharu (honorific) to describe a client's arrival. Understanding these shifts is essential for navigating Japanese society. The word also appears in many abstract idioms, such as pin to kuru (to have a flash of inspiration/to click), where the idea 'comes' to the mind suddenly.

Using 来る (kuru) correctly requires a firm grasp of its irregular conjugation and its role as both a main verb and an auxiliary. The most basic sentence structure involves a subject (marked by ga or wa) and a destination (marked by ni or e). Because Japanese is a pro-drop language, the subject is often omitted if it is clear from context that someone is coming toward the speaker.

Basic Movement: Structure: [Subject] ga [Destination] ni kuru. Example: Tanaka-san ga koko ni kuru (Mr. Tanaka is coming here).

明日、私の家へ遊びに来てください。(Ashita, watashi no ie e asobi ni kite kudasai.) - Please come to my house to hang out tomorrow.

One of the most versatile uses of kuru is the -te kuru construction. This can indicate a physical action where someone does something and then comes to the speaker's location, such as katte kuru (to go buy something and come back). It can also describe a change in state that has been progressing over time. For instance, atsuku natte kita means 'it has started to become hot' (and continues to be so).

The Potential Form: The potential form 'can come' is 来られる (korareru). In casual speech, this is often shortened to 来れる (koreru).

最近、日本語が分かってきた。(Saikin, nihongo ga wakatte kita.) - Recently, I've started to understand Japanese.

In formal settings, kuru transforms. If you are inviting a guest, you use o-koshi ni naru or irassharu. If you are telling a boss that you will come to their office, you use the humble mairu or ukagau. These substitutions are not just stylistic; they are grammatically required in Keigo (honorific Japanese). Finally, remember that kuru can also mean 'to be caused by' when used as ~kara kuru, such as sutoresu kara kuru byouki (an illness coming from/caused by stress).

You will encounter 来る (kuru) in almost every facet of Japanese life, from the mundane to the highly emotional. In a train station, you will hear announcements like Densha ga mairimasu (The train is approaching/coming), where the humble/polite form is used to show respect to the passengers. In a household, family members often shout Tadaima! (I'm home!) upon returning, which is effectively an announcement of their 'coming' back to the home base.

Public Announcements: Listen for mousugu kimasu (coming soon) at bus stops or train platforms.

「あ、来た！」(A, kita!) - 'Oh, it's here!' (Commonly said when a bus or friend arrives).

In Japanese media, particularly anime and drama, kuru is used to build tension. A character might whisper Yatsu ga kuru... (He/It is coming...) to signal the arrival of an antagonist. In variety shows, you'll often hear the phrase Kiteru! (It's coming! / It's trending!) to describe a new fashion or a popular food item that is 'arriving' in the public consciousness. This usage highlights the word's flexibility in describing both physical and social movement.

Weather and Nature: Used for natural phenomena: arashi ga kuru (a storm is coming), haru ga kita (spring has come).

いい考えが浮かんで来た。(Ii kangae ga ukande kita.) - A good idea came to mind.

In the workplace, kuru is used to track the progress of documents or people. A colleague might ask, Mailu, kita? (Did the email come/arrive?). In digital spaces, 'notifications coming in' is described using tsuuchi ga kuru. The word is so ubiquitous that it often acts as a grammatical glue, connecting the past to the present through the -te kuru form, which you will hear in almost every conversation describing personal growth or changing habits.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with 来る (kuru) is the 'I'm coming' error. In English, if a friend calls and asks 'Are you coming to the party?', you answer 'Yes, I'm coming!' In Japanese, if you are moving away from your current location toward the friend, you must use iku (to go). You only use kuru if you are already at the party and someone else is approaching you. Saying Ima kimasu! while you are at home will confuse a Japanese person; they will think you are already there or that someone else is arriving at your house.

The 'Go' vs 'Come' Trap: English: 'I'm coming to your house.' → Japanese: Anata no ie ni ikimasu (NOT kimasu).

× 今、来ます！ (Ima, kimasu!) - Incorrect if you are leaving your house to meet someone.

Another major hurdle is the irregular conjugation. Many learners mistakenly apply Group 2 (Ichidan) rules, resulting in kinai instead of the correct こない (konai). Similarly, the polite form is kimasu (using the 'ki' sound), but the dictionary form is kuru (using the 'ku' sound). Mixing these up—saying kumasu or ki-ru—is a tell-tale sign of a beginner. Consistency in memorizing the 'Ko-Ki-Ku' shifts is vital.

Misusing -te kuru: Learners often forget that -te kuru implies movement back to the starting point. Katte kuru means 'buy and come back,' not just 'come to buy.'

× 学校に来ました。 (Gakkou ni kimashita.) - Incorrect if you are currently at home talking about going to school.

Finally, confusion arises with the potential form. While korareru is the textbook version, koreru (the 'ra-nuki' or 'ra-omitted' version) is extremely common in spoken Japanese. Some learners are taught that koreru is 'wrong,' but in modern casual conversation, korareru can sound overly stiff or even be confused with the passive or honorific forms. Knowing when to use which is a nuance that takes time to master.

While 来る (kuru) is the general-purpose verb for 'to come,' Japanese offers several alternatives depending on the level of formality, the specific type of arrival, or the nuance of the movement. Understanding these synonyms allows you to sound more natural and respectful in different social strata.

参る (Mairu): The humble equivalent. Use this when you are coming to see a superior. Ashita, juu-ji ni mairimasu (I will come at 10:00 tomorrow).
いらっしゃる (Irassharu): The honorific equivalent. Use this for your boss, a customer, or someone you respect. Sensei ga irasshaimashita (The teacher has arrived).

お客様がお見えになりました。(O-kyakusama ga o-mie ni narimashita.) - A guest has arrived (Very formal/polite).

For more specific types of 'coming,' you might use yattekuru, which emphasizes the journey or the fact that something has finally arrived after a long time or distance. Tou-chaku suru is used for formal 'arrival,' such as a plane arriving at an airport. If someone is 'visiting' rather than just 'coming,' tazuneru or ukagau (humble) are better choices.

Comparison: Kuru vs. Iku

Word	Direction	Context
Kuru	Toward Speaker	'Come here'
Iku	Away from Speaker	'Go there'

冬がやってきた。(Fuyu ga yattekita.) - Winter has finally arrived.

In slang or very casual speech, you might hear kou-rin (descent), used jokingly when someone 'appears' like a deity. For example, Megami kou-rin! (The goddess has arrived!). However, for 99% of situations, mastering the levels of kuru, mairu, and irassharu will cover all your needs in Japanese society.

How Formal Is It?

औपचारिक

"明日、十時に参ります。"

तटस्थ

"田中さんが来ます。"

अनौपचारिक

"明日来る？"

Child friendly

"サンタさんが来るよ！"

बोलचाल

"まじで来てるわ。"

रोचक तथ्य

The kanji '来' originally depicted a wheat plant. Because wheat was a crop that 'came' from elsewhere, the character was borrowed for the verb 'to come.'

उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका

UK /kɯᵝɾɯᵝ/

US /kɯᵝɾɯᵝ/

Heiban (Flat) - the pitch stays relatively level.

तुकबंदी

Furu (to fall) Suru (to do) Nuru (to paint) Uru (to sell) Toru (to take) Miru (to see - in some dialects) Kiru (to cut) Hiru (noon)

आम गलतियाँ

Pronouncing the 'r' like an English 'r'.
Making the 'u' sound too round like 'oo' in 'boot'.
Confusing 'kuru' with 'kuro' (black).
Stressing the first syllable too hard.
Pronouncing 'konai' as 'kunai'.

कठिनाई स्तर

पठन 2/5

The kanji is simple, but the readings change (ko, ki, ku).

लिखना 2/5

The kanji is basic (JLPT N5 level).

बोलना 4/5

The 'I'm coming' vs 'I'm going' logic is very hard for English speakers.

श्रवण 3/5

Must distinguish between 'kuru' and 'kuro' or 'kiru' in fast speech.

आगे क्या सीखें

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

行く (iku) 食べる (taberu) 私 (watashi) 家 (ie) ここ (koko)

आगे सीखें

〜てくる (~te kuru auxiliary) 参る (mairu) いらっしゃる (irassharu) 到着する (touchaku suru) 戻る (modoru)

उन्नत

到来 (tourai) 帰還 (kikan) 来訪 (raihou) 降臨 (kourin) 伝来 (denrai)

ज़रूरी व्याकरण

Irregular Conjugation (Ka-hen)

くる (kuru) -> こない (konai)

Movement Directionality

Speaker's location is the goal for 'kuru'.

Aspectual ~te kuru

太ってきた (I have become fat/started getting fat).

Compound Verb Formation

持ってくる (motte kuru - to bring).

Potential Form (ra-nuki)

来れる (koreru) vs 来られる (korareru).

स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण

明日、学校に来ますか。

Will you come to school tomorrow?

Uses the polite -masu form for a future question.

友達が家に来ました。

A friend came to my house.

Past tense -mashita indicates the action is finished.

日本に来てください。

Please come to Japan.

-te kudasai is used for polite requests.

バスが来ません。

The bus is not coming.

-masen is the polite negative form.

だれが来ますか。

Who is coming?

Dare (who) is the subject marked by ga.

ここにきて。

Come here.

Casual -te form used as a command.

お父さんはいつ来ますか。

When will your father come?

Itsu (when) is used to ask about time.

猫が来ました。

A cat came.

Simple subject-verb sentence.

明日、パーティーに来る？

Are you coming to the party tomorrow?

Dictionary form used in casual questions.

今日はだれも来ないよ。

Nobody is coming today.

Konai is the irregular negative form.

雨が降ってきた。

It started raining.

-te kita indicates the start of a natural event.

ここまで来れる？

Can you come this far?

Koreru is the casual potential form.

早く来てね。

Come quickly, okay?

Kite (te-form) + ne (particle) for a friendly request.

昨日、だれが来たの？

Who came yesterday?

Kita (past) + no (question particle).

冬が来ると寒くなります。

When winter comes, it gets cold.

Kuru (dictionary) + to (conditional).

ちょっと待って、今行く！

Wait a second, I'm coming! (Literally: I'm going!)

Note the use of iku because the speaker is moving away.

最近、少しずつ分かってきた。

Recently, I've started to understand little by little.

-te kita indicates a gradual change up to now.

コンビニで飲み物を買ってくる。

I'll go buy a drink at the convenience store (and come back).

-te kuru indicates 'do and return'.

いいアイデアが浮かんでこない。

A good idea won't come to mind.

Ukande konai (won't float/come up).

太ってきた気がする。

I feel like I've been gaining weight.

-te kita used for a physical change.

日本に来てから３年になった。

It's been three years since I came to Japan.

-te kara indicates 'since doing'.

向こうから車が来るよ。

A car is coming from over there.

Mukou kara (from over there) indicates direction.

忘れ物を取りに帰ってきた。

I came back to get something I forgot.

Kaette kita (returned and came).

これからも頑張っていこう。

Let's keep doing our best from now on.

Contrast: -te iku (future) vs -te kuru (past to present).

その言葉、ピンと来た！

That word clicked with me! / I got it!

Idiomatic use of 'pin to kuru'.

このブームは海外から来たものだ。

This trend came from overseas.

Kuru used for origins of trends.

彼は怒ると怖くなってくる。

When he gets angry, he starts to get scary.

-te kuru showing the progression of an emotion.

やっとチャンスが巡ってきた。

A chance has finally come around.

Megutte kuru (to come around/circulate).

それはストレスから来る病気です。

That is an illness that comes from stress.

~kara kuru (to originate from).

歴史をたどってくると面白い。

It's interesting when you trace back history.

-te kuru used for tracing time toward the present.

彼の才能がようやく認められてきた。

His talent has finally started to be recognized.

Passive + -te kuru.

どうしてそんな結論に来たのですか。

How did you come to that conclusion?

Kuru used for mental processes.

先生がお見えになりました。

The teacher has arrived.

O-mie ni naru is a very polite honorific for kuru.

明日、伺わせていただきます。

I will come to visit you tomorrow (humble).

Ukagau is the humble form of kuru/iku when visiting.

悲しみがこみ上げてきた。

Sadness came welling up.

Komiagete kuru is used for rising emotions.

来る１０月１０日に式典が行われます。

A ceremony will be held this coming October 10th.

Kitaru (attributive form) means 'the coming...'.

ここまでやってこれたのは、皆様のおかげです。

The fact that I've been able to come this far is thanks to everyone.

Yatte korareta (potential past) used for life achievements.

その知らせを聞いて、嫌な予感がしてきた。

Hearing that news, I started to get a bad feeling.

Yokan ga shite kuru (to start to have a premonition).

伝統が現代まで受け継がれてきた。

Traditions have been passed down to the present day.

-te kita used for historical continuity.

彼はまさに救世主として降臨してきた。

He descended exactly like a savior.

Kourin (descent) + -te kuru for dramatic effect.

万感の思いが胸に迫ってきた。

A flood of emotions came pressing upon my chest.

Literary expression for overwhelming feelings.

未曾有の危機が到来しつつある。

An unprecedented crisis is approaching.

Tourai (arrival) is a formal synonym for kuru.

古の知恵が今に伝わってきている。

Ancient wisdom is being transmitted to the present.

Focus on the long-term 'coming' of knowledge.

彼の言葉には、魂の底から来る響きがあった。

His words had a resonance that came from the bottom of his soul.

Metaphorical origin using kuru.

春の兆しがそこかしこに現れてきた。

Signs of spring have begun to appear here and there.

Nuanced description of natural change.

時代の荒波を乗り越えてきた強さがある。

There is a strength that has come from overcoming the rough seas of the times.

Metaphorical journey using -te kuru.

その真実が白日の下にさらされてきた。

That truth has (gradually) been brought to light.

Passive + -te kuru for a revealed process.

来たるべき日に備えて、牙を研いできた。

I have been sharpening my fangs in preparation for the day that is to come.

Kitarubeki (destined to come) is a highly literary form.

सामान्य शब्द संयोजन

バスが来る

手紙が来る

春が来る

遊びに来る

電話が来る

ピンと来る

嫌な予感が来る

チャンスが来る

迎えに来る

取りに来る

सामान्य वाक्यांश

行ってきます

ついて来る

戻って来る

寄って来る

出来て来る

見えて来る

聞こえて来る

思い出して来る

慣れて来る

分かって来る

अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है

来る vs 行く (iku)

Iku is movement away; Kuru is movement toward.

来る vs 着く (tsuku)

Tsuku means 'to arrive' (focus on the end point); Kuru is 'to come' (focus on the movement).

来る vs 帰る (kaeru)

Kaeru is specifically returning to a home base.

मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ

"ピンと来る"

To click; to have a flash of inspiration.

彼の説明でピンと来た。

Informal

"胸に来る"

To be touched or moved emotionally.

その映画のラストは胸に来た。

Neutral

"ガタが来る"

To become old and shaky (machines or bodies).

この車もそろそろガタが来た。

Informal

"白日の下にさらされて来る"

To gradually come to light.

真実がさらされて来た。

Formal

"波が来る"

A wave (of a trend or opportunity) is coming.

ついに俺の波が来た！

Slang

"身に染みて来る"

To come to feel something deeply.

親のありがたみが身に染みて来た。

Neutral

"手に取るように分かって来る"

To come to understand something very clearly.

仕組みが手に取るように分かって来た。

Neutral

"頭に来る"

To get angry (literally: to come to the head).

彼の態度には本当に頭に来る。

Informal

"時が来る"

The time will come.

いつかその時が来るだろう。

Neutral

"終わりが来る"

The end comes.

どんなことにも終わりが来る。

Neutral

आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले

来る vs 着く (tsuku)

Both involve arriving at a place.

Tsuku emphasizes the moment of arrival at a destination, while kuru emphasizes the movement toward the speaker.

三時に着きます (I'll arrive at 3) vs 三時に来ます (I'll come at 3).

来る vs 通う (kayou)

Both involve moving to a place.

Kayou is for regular commuting; kuru is a one-time or specific movement.

学校に通う (commute to school) vs 学校に来る (come to school).

来る vs 寄る (yoru)

Both involve approaching.

Yoru is to stop by briefly on the way somewhere else.

コンビニに寄る (stop by convenience store).

来る vs 訪ねる (tazuneru)

Both involve visiting.

Tazuneru is specifically to visit a person or place intentionally.

友人を訪ねる (visit a friend).

来る vs 現れる (arawareru)

Both involve appearing.

Arawareru is 'to appear' or 'to become visible' suddenly.

幽霊が現れた (a ghost appeared).

वाक्य संरचनाएँ

[Place] ni kimasu.

日本に来ます。

[Person] ga kimasu.

田中さんが来ます。

[Verb-te] kudasai.

来てください。

[Verb-te] kuru.

買って来る。

[Adjective] natte kita.

寒くなってきた。

[Verb-te] kita.

勉強してきた。

[Noun] kara kuru [Noun].

ストレスから来る病気。

[Noun] ga o-mie ni naru.

お客様がお見えになる。

शब्द परिवार

संज्ञा

क्रिया

विशेषण

इसे कैसे इस्तेमाल करें

frequency

Extremely High (Top 10 verbs in Japanese)

सामान्य गलतियाँ

Kinai → Konai
The negative form of kuru is irregular and uses the 'ko' sound.
Ima kimasu! (when leaving home) → Ima ikimasu!
In Japanese, you use 'go' (iku) when moving away from your current location, even if you are 'coming' to the listener.
Kumasu → Kimasu
The polite form uses the 'ki' stem, not the 'ku' stem.
Kite iku → Katte kuru
If you go to buy something and return, it is 'katte kuru.' 'Kite iku' would mean 'wear it and go.'
Kiru → Kuru
Kiru means 'to wear' or 'to cut.' Kuru is 'to come.'

सुझाव

Master the Stem

Memorize the sequence: Ko (Negative), Ki (Polite), Ku (Dictionary). This is the 'Ko-Ki-Ku' pattern.

The 'Uchi' Perspective

Always think from the perspective of where you are standing. If someone is moving toward YOU, it's 'kuru.'

Auxiliary Power

Use '~te kuru' to describe your Japanese progress: 'Nihongo ga wakatte kita' (Japanese has started to make sense).

The Go/Come Trap

Never say 'Kimasu' when leaving your house to meet a friend. Use 'Ikimasu'!

Compound Verbs

Learn 'motte kuru' (bring) and 'tsurete kuru' (bring a person) as single units.

Flat Pitch

Keep the pitch flat. Don't emphasize the 'KU' or the 'RU' too much.

Business Kuru

In a job interview, always use 'mairimasu' instead of 'kimasu' to sound professional.

Kanji Usage

Always use the kanji '来' for 'kuru.' It's very common and expected even at beginner levels.

The Crew

A 'CREW' (kuru) of people is coming to your party.

याद करें

स्मृति सहायक

Imagine a **CREW** (kuru) of people coming toward you. When they arrive, they say '**KEY**' (kimasu) to open your door. If they don't show up, you say '**KO**-no!' (konai).

दृश्य संबंध

A person standing on a hill waving at a bus that is approaching them. The word 'KURU' is written on the bus.

Word Web

Kuru Kimasu Konai Kite Kita Koreru Koyou Kureba

चैलेंज

Try to use 'kuru' in three different forms (polite, negative, past) in a single conversation today.

शब्द की उत्पत्ति

Derived from Old Japanese 'ku'. It has always been an irregular verb throughout the history of the Japanese language.

मूल अर्थ: To move toward the speaker's location.

Japonic

सांस्कृतिक संदर्भ

Be careful with 'kuru' vs 'mairu' in formal situations; using 'kuru' with a CEO can seem rude.

English speakers often say 'I'm coming' when they mean 'I'm going to where you are.' This is a major point of confusion in Japanese.

Haru ga Kita (Folk song) Kitaru beki hi (Common movie/manga trope) Densha ga mairimasu (Station announcement)

असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें

वास्तविक संदर्भ

At Home

誰か来たよ。
遊びに来て。
早く帰ってきて。
お母さん、いつ来る？

At the Station

電車が来た。
バスが来ない。
迎えに来たよ。
何時に着く？

In the Office

メールが来ました。
田中さんが来ます。
会議に来てください。
資料が届いてきた。

Weather

雨が降ってきた。
冬が来た。
嵐が来るぞ。
暖かくなってきた。

Feelings

頭に来た！
悲しくなってきた。
ピンと来た。
やる気が出てきた。

बातचीत की शुरुआत

"いつ日本に来ましたか？ (When did you come to Japan?)"

"明日、私の家に来ませんか？ (Would you like to come to my house tomorrow?)"

"最近、何かいいニュースは来ましたか？ (Has any good news come your way recently?)"

"冬が来たら、何をしたいですか？ (What do you want to do when winter comes?)"

"どうして日本語を勉強しようと思ってきたのですか？ (How did you come to decide to study Japanese?)"

डायरी विषय

今日、誰があなたのところに来ましたか？ (Who came to see you today?)

最近、自分の日本語がどう変わってきましたか？ (How has your Japanese changed recently?)

将来、どんなチャンスが来てほしいですか？ (What kind of opportunities do you want to come in the future?)

日本に来て一番驚いたことは何ですか？ (What surprised you most after coming to Japan?)

最近、新しく始めた習慣で、慣れてきたことはありますか？ (Is there a new habit you've started and gotten used to?)

अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल

10 सवाल

Yes, it is the only verb in the 'Ka-column irregular' (Ka-hen) category. Its stem changes between ko, ki, and ku.

Only if you are already at the destination. If you are moving toward someone else, you must say 'Ikimasu' (I'm going).

'Kita' is past tense (came), while 'kimasu' is polite present/future (will come/comes).

It has two main meanings: 1. To do something and then come back. 2. To describe a change that started in the past and continues now.

Yes, it is the casual potential form (can come). The formal version is 'korareru.'

You say 'Konai de' (casual) or 'Konaide kudasai' (polite).

This is just the nature of the irregular conjugation. You must memorize 'ko' for negative, 'ki' for polite/te-form, and 'ku' for dictionary form.

Yes, 'shimekiri ga kuru' means 'the deadline is coming.'

The humble form is 'mairu.' Use it when talking to a boss or customer about your own arrival.

It's a more descriptive version of 'kuru' that emphasizes the journey or the fact that something finally arrived.