When talking about the existence of inanimate objects in Japanese, we use the verb あります (arimasu). This word literally means "to be" or "to exist" for things that aren't alive or don't move on their own. Think of it like saying "there is" or "there are" in English.
You can use it to say things like, "There is a book" or "There are many chairs." It's a fundamental word for describing what's present in a location. Remember, for living things (people and animals), you'll use a different verb, います (imasu).
When we want to say something exists or "there is" something in Japanese, we use either あります (arimasu) or います (imasu).
The key difference is whether the noun is animate or inanimate. あります is used for inanimate objects, like a book, a table, or a building. For example, Tsukue no ue ni hon ga arimasu (机の上に本があります) means "There is a book on the desk." Hon (本) is a book, and books are inanimate.
On the other hand, います is used for animate beings, such as people and animals. For instance, Heya ni neko ga imasu (部屋に猫がいます) means "There is a cat in the room." Neko (猫) is a cat, and cats are animate.
Another point to remember is that あります can also express possession. For example, Watashi wa hon ga arimasu (私は本があります) means "I have a book." This literally translates to "As for me, there is a book," which implies possession.
あります 30 सेकंड में
- Indicates existence of inanimate objects.
- Polite form of 'aru'.
- Used for 'there is' or 'there are'.
§ Understanding あります
The Japanese verb あります (arimasu) is crucial for expressing existence, specifically for inanimate objects. Think of it like saying "there is" or "there are" in English. It's a fundamental word you'll hear and use constantly in Japan, whether you're at work, school, or just watching the news. Mastering あります is a big step towards natural Japanese communication.
- Japanese Word
- あります (arimasu)
- Part of Speech
- Verb
- CEFR Level
- A2
- Definition
- To be, exist (inanimate objects)
§ あります at Work
In a professional setting in Japan, あります is used constantly for inventory, meeting schedules, and general office supplies. You'll hear it in requests, confirmations, and reports.
- Checking for items: Need to know if something is in stock or available? あります is your word.
- Reporting status: Letting colleagues know if a document or file exists.
- Confirming appointments: While often for events, the existence of the event itself uses あります.
資料はここにあります。(Shiryō wa koko ni arimasu.)
The documents are here.
今日の会議は10時にありますか。(Kyō no kaigi wa jūji ni arimasu ka.)
Is today's meeting at 10 o'clock?
在庫があります。(Zaiko ga arimasu.)
There is stock available.
§ あります at School
In a school environment, あります is essential for talking about classes, textbooks, homework, and club activities. It's used by students and teachers alike.
- Class schedules: When a class takes place.
- Availability of resources: Books in the library, school supplies.
- Homework and tests: Whether they exist or are scheduled.
明日はテストがあります。(Ashita wa tesuto ga arimasu.)
There's a test tomorrow.
図書館に本があります。(Toshokan ni hon ga arimasu.)
There are books in the library.
宿題がまだあります。(Shukudai ga mada arimasu.)
There's still homework.
§ あります in the News
When you read or watch Japanese news, あります is frequently used to report on events, situations, and facts. It's a straightforward way to state that something exists or is occurring.
- Reporting events: News anchors use it to announce incidents or happenings.
- Describing conditions: Such as weather or economic situations.
- Stating facts: Basic information about a situation.
今日、東京で大きい地震があります。(Kyō, Tōkyō de ookii jishin ga arimasu.)
There was a big earthquake in Tokyo today.
来週、重要な発表があります。(Raishū, jūyō na happyō ga arimasu.)
There will be an important announcement next week.
その地域には多くの問題があります。(Sono chiiki ni wa ooku no mondai ga arimasu.)
There are many problems in that area.
How Formal Is It?
"お手元に書類はございますか？ (Do you have the documents at hand?)"
"ここにペンがあります。 (There is a pen here.)"
"あれ、そこに本あるよ。 (Oh, there's a book there.)"
"おもちゃ、ここにあるよ！ (The toy is here!)"
"財布、カバンにあんじゃん。 (Your wallet's in your bag, isn't it?)"
कठिनाई स्तर
short
short
short
short
आगे क्या सीखें
पूर्वापेक्षाएँ
आगे सीखें
उन्नत
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
ここに本がたくさんあります。
There are many books here.
駅の前に大きいスーパーがあります。
There is a big supermarket in front of the station.
私の家には庭があります。
My house has a garden.
机の上に辞書がありますか？
Is there a dictionary on the desk?
この部屋には窓がありません。
This room does not have a window.
昨日、公園でお祭りがありました。
Yesterday, there was a festival at the park.
来週、会議があります。
Next week, there will be a meeting.
彼にはたくさんの友達がいます。
He has many friends. (Note: for animate objects, use 'います' (imasu). This example is for contrasting.)
While 'あります' is for inanimate objects, this sentence shows the context where 'います' (imasu) would be used for animate objects like friends. This helps highlight the distinction.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
〜がありますか？
Is there a ~? / Do you have ~?
はい、あります。
Yes, there is. / Yes, I have.
いいえ、ありません。
No, there isn't. / No, I don't have.
どこにありますか？
Where is it?
〜がたくさんあります。
There are many ~.
〜が少しあります。
There is a little ~.
〜がありません。
There isn't ~.
〜は何がありますか？
What is there for ~?
〜がありますように。
I hope there is ~.
〜に〜があります。
There is ~ in ~.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
Used for animate objects (people, animals). Think 'to be alive' or 'to be present'.
A copula, used to identify or describe something. Not about physical location or existence.
These are the plain forms of 「います」 and 「あります」 respectively. They follow the same rules regarding animate/inanimate but are used in casual speech and specific grammatical structures.
आसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Many English speakers confuse 「あります」 with 「います」 because both translate to 'to be' or 'to exist'.
「あります」 is exclusively used for inanimate objects, plants, and abstract concepts. It's about presence or existence.
そこにペンがあります。(There is a pen there.)
Just like 「あります」, 「います」 also translates to 'to be' or 'to exist', leading to confusion for learners.
「います」 is used for animate objects, such as people and animals. Think of it as 'to be alive' or 'to be present'.
部屋に猫がいます。(There is a cat in the room.)
Learners often mix up 「です」 with 「あります」 and 「います」 because they all indicate a state of being.
「です」 is a copula, used to link a noun or adjective to the subject, identifying or describing something. It doesn't imply physical location or existence in the same way as 「あります」 or 「います」.
これは本です。(This is a book.)
This is the plain form of 「います」, and confusion often arises when deciding between the polite and plain forms, or when it's used in continuous tenses.
While the plain form of 「います」, 「いる」, is still for animate objects, the confusion often lies in its use in more complex grammatical structures like the progressive tense (e.g., V-ている).
彼は今、走っている。(He is running now.)
This is the plain form of 「あります」. Similar to 「いる」, the confusion stems from its plain form usage and its role in various grammatical patterns.
As the plain form of 「あります」, 「ある」 is also for inanimate objects. The challenge is often in identifying when to use the plain form versus the polite form, especially in casual conversation or specific grammatical constructions.
そこに椅子がある。(There is a chair there.)
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Think of 'ARi-MASU' as 'A Room with MASU' (like a room having things). Or, 'A-Ri-MASU' sounds a bit like 'Are Must' – meaning, 'these things must exist!'
दृश्य संबंध
Imagine a bright red apple (inanimate object) sitting on a table, and a speech bubble coming from it saying 'あります!'
Word Web
चैलेंज
Look around your room. Point to five inanimate objects and say a simple sentence in Japanese using 'あります' to describe their existence or location. For example, 'つくえが あります' (There is a desk).
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
Asking about the existence of inanimate objects in a room or location.
- ここにペンがありますか？ (Koko ni pen ga arimasu ka?) - Is there a pen here?
- テーブルの上に本があります。 (Tēburu no ue ni hon ga arimasu.) - There is a book on the table.
- あそこに自動販売機があります。 (Asoko ni jidōhanbaiki ga arimasu.) - There's a vending machine over there.
Talking about the presence of items in a store or facility.
- この店にはお土産がありますか？ (Kono mise ni wa omiyage ga arimasu ka?) - Does this store have souvenirs?
- 駅にトイレがあります。 (Eki ni toire ga arimasu.) - There is a restroom at the station.
- 美術館にカフェがあります。 (Bijutsukan ni kafe ga arimasu.) - There's a cafe in the museum.
Describing what exists in a certain place.
- 私の部屋にはベッドと机があります。 (Watashi no heya ni wa beddo to tsukue ga arimasu.) - In my room, there is a bed and a desk.
- 公園には大きな木があります。 (Kōen ni wa ooki na ki ga arimasu.) - There are big trees in the park.
- この街には古い建物がたくさんあります。 (Kono machi ni wa furui tatemono ga takusan arimasu.) - There are many old buildings in this town.
Asking about available resources or supplies.
- まだ水がありますか？ (Mada mizu ga arimasu ka?) - Is there still water?
- 充電器がありますか？ (Jūdenki ga arimasu ka?) - Do you have a charger?
- 他に何か質問がありますか？ (Hoka ni nani ka shitsumon ga arimasu ka?) - Do you have any other questions?
Confirming the existence of something.
- はい、あります。 (Hai, arimasu.) - Yes, there is.
- いいえ、ありません。 (Iie, arimasen.) - No, there isn't.
- 本当にありますか？ (Hontō ni arimasu ka?) - Is it really there?
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"あなたの家にテレビがありますか？ (Anata no ie ni terebi ga arimasu ka?) - Do you have a TV at your house?"
"あなたのバッグの中に何がありますか？ (Anata no baggu no naka ni nani ga arimasu ka?) - What's in your bag?"
"この近くにコンビニがありますか？ (Kono chikaku ni konbini ga arimasu ka?) - Is there a convenience store nearby?"
"あなたの街にどんな面白い場所がありますか？ (Anata no machi ni donna omoshiroi basho ga arimasu ka?) - What interesting places are there in your town?"
"今日の予定に何か特別なことがありますか？ (Kyō no yotei ni nani ka tokubetsu na koto ga arimasu ka?) - Is there anything special in your plans for today?"
डायरी विषय
あなたの部屋にはどんなものがありますか？全て日本語でリストアップしてみてください。 (Anata no heya ni wa donna mono ga arimasu ka? Subete Nihongo de risutoappu shite mite kudasai.) - What kinds of things are in your room? Try listing them all in Japanese.
もしあなたの理想の家があったら、その家には何がありますか？ (Moshi anata no risō no ie ga attara, sono ie ni wa nani ga arimasu ka?) - If you had your dream house, what would be in it?
普段持ち歩くカバンやリュックサックの中には何が入っていますか？「〜があります」を使って説明してください。 (Fudan mochiaruku kaban ya ryukkusakku no naka ni wa nani ga haitte imasu ka? "~ ga arimasu" o tsukatte setsumei shite kudasai.) - What do you usually carry in your bag or backpack? Explain using "~ ga arimasu."
あなたがよく行くお店やカフェには、どんな特徴的なものがありますか？ (Anata ga yoku iku omise ya kafe ni wa, donna tokuchōteki na mono ga arimasu ka?) - What characteristic things are there in the shops or cafes you often visit?
あなたが旅行に行くとしたら、どんな場所に何がある場所に行きたいですか？ (Anata ga ryokō ni iku to shitara, donna basho ni nani ga aru basho ni ikitai desu ka?) - If you were to travel, what kind of place with what things would you want to go to?
खुद को परखो 48 सवाल
Write a sentence describing that there is a book. (Use 'あります')
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
本があります。
Write a sentence describing that there is a chair in the room. (Use 'あります')
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
部屋に椅子があります。
Write a question asking if there is a pen. (Use 'あります')
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
ペンがありますか。
What is on the table?
Read this passage:
テーブルの上に、コーヒーがあります。
What is on the table?
「コーヒーがあります」means 'there is coffee'.
「コーヒーがあります」means 'there is coffee'.
Where are the keys?
Read this passage:
かばんの中に、鍵があります。
Where are the keys?
「かばんの中に」means 'in the bag'.
「かばんの中に」means 'in the bag'.
What is the speaker asking about?
Read this passage:
この部屋に、窓がありますか。
What is the speaker asking about?
「窓がありますか」means 'Is there a window?'.
「窓がありますか」means 'Is there a window?'.
This sentence means 'There is a book on the desk.' In Japanese, the location usually comes first, followed by the object and then the verb 'あります'.
This sentence means 'There is a pen here.' 'ここに' (koko ni) means 'here,' followed by the object and 'あります.'
This sentence means 'There is a notebook in the bag.' 'かばんの中に' (kaban no naka ni) means 'in the bag,' followed by the object and 'あります.'
Write a sentence describing that there is a book on the desk. Use 'あります'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
机の上に本があります。
You want to say that there is a computer in your room. Write this in Japanese. Use 'あります'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
部屋にコンピューターがあります。
Describe that there are three apples in the bag. Use 'あります'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
かばんの中にりんごが三つあります。
Where is the toilet according to the conversation?
Read this passage:
すみません、トイレはどこにありますか。 あそこにありますよ。
Where is the toilet according to the conversation?
The second speaker says 'あそこにありますよ' which means 'It's over there.'
The second speaker says 'あそこにありますよ' which means 'It's over there.'
What does the speaker have in their house?
Read this passage:
私の家にテレビがあります。でも、パソコンはありません。
What does the speaker have in their house?
'テレビがあります' means 'there is a TV', and 'パソコンはありません' means 'there is no computer'.
'テレビがあります' means 'there is a TV', and 'パソコンはありません' means 'there is no computer'.
What is in 'このかばん' (this bag)?
Read this passage:
このかばんに大切なものがたくさんあります。
What is in 'このかばん' (this bag)?
'大切なもの' means 'important things' and 'たくさんあります' means 'there are many'.
'大切なもの' means 'important things' and 'たくさんあります' means 'there are many'.
The sentence means 'There is a desk in the room.' In Japanese, the location comes first, followed by 'ni' (in/at), then the object, 'ga', and finally 'arimasu'.
This sentence means 'There is a pen inside the bag.' 'Kaban no naka ni' specifies 'inside the bag', then 'pen ga arimasu' means 'a pen exists'.
The sentence translates to 'There are some books there.' 'Soko ni' means 'there', 'ikutsu ka' means 'some', and 'hon ga arimasu' means 'books exist'.
This question asks for the location of 'that book'. 'その本は' (that book) is the topic, followed by 'どこに' (where) and 'ありますか' (is it?).
This sentence indicates that 'this shop has many magazines'. 'この店には' (in this shop) sets the location, '雑誌が' (magazines) is the subject, 'たくさん' (many) modifies it, and 'あります' (there are) is the verb.
This sentence means 'I never have time'. '私には' (for me) indicates possession, 'いつも' (always) indicates frequency, '時間が' (time) is the subject, and 'ありません' (there is not) is the negative verb.
This sentence means 'There is a deep relationship of trust between them.' The particles connect the phrases to form a natural-sounding sentence.
This translates to 'There is a complex background to this issue.' 'には' marks the topic, and 'があります' indicates existence.
This means 'There are many books in my office.' The structure '場所には 物があります' is standard for inanimate objects.
Choose the most natural Japanese sentence to describe a situation where a book is on the table.
あります is used for inanimate objects and indicates existence in a location (に). います is for animate objects. で indicates action taking place.
Which sentence correctly states that there is no key in the bag?
ありません is the negative form of あります, used for inanimate objects. いません is for animate objects. ありませんでした is past tense negative. ありませんです is grammatically incorrect.
Select the sentence that accurately describes the presence of many cars on the street.
車 (cars) are inanimate objects, so あります is the correct verb. The particle に marks the location. います is for animate objects. であります and でいます are grammatically incorrect in this context.
The sentence 「机の上に鉛筆があります。」 means 'There is a pencil on the desk.'
鉛筆 (pencil) is an inanimate object, and あります correctly indicates its existence on the 机 (desk).
You can use 「あります」 to say 'There is a dog in the park.'
Dogs are animate objects, so the correct verb would be います (います). あります is for inanimate objects.
The sentence 「冷蔵庫に牛乳がありません。」 means 'There is no milk in the refrigerator.'
牛乳 (milk) is an inanimate object, and ありません is the correct negative form of あります, indicating its absence from the 冷蔵庫 (refrigerator).
What is being described as existing in Japan?
What is the speaker asking about in the room?
What was the situation with the seat next to the speaker?
Read this aloud:
東京にはたくさんの高いビルがあります。
Focus: あります (arimasu)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
この本棚には珍しい本がたくさんあります。
Focus: 珍しい (mezurashii), 本 (hon)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
彼の家には大きな庭があります。
Focus: 庭 (niwa), あります (arimasu)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
/ 48 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Use あります (arimasu) when talking about the existence of objects that are not alive.
- Indicates existence of inanimate objects.
- Polite form of 'aru'.
- Used for 'there is' or 'there are'.
संबंधित सामग्री
संबंधित मुहावरे
general के और शब्द
いくつか
B1An unspecified small number of things; some, a few.
ちょっと
A2A little; a moment; a bit. Small amount or short time.
すこし
A2A little; a few.
さっき
A2A little while ago; a short time past.
能力
A1Nouryoku refers to the mental or physical power, skill, or capacity required to perform a specific task or function. It can describe both innate talent and skills acquired through learning and practice.
異常
A1A word used to describe something that deviates from the normal state, standard, or expected pattern. It often implies a problem, malfunction, or an extraordinary occurrence that requires attention or investigation.
～について
A2About, concerning; indicates topic.
〜について
B1About, concerning; on the subject of.
～ぐらい
A2about, approximately
ぐらい
A2About; approximately; to the extent of.
