When we talk about something becoming cold, or if you yourself feel cold, we use the verb 冷える (hieru). Think of it as feeling a chill or something getting chilly. For example, if the weather gets colder, you might say it's 冷える. Or, if your hands feel cold, you can also use 冷える to describe that feeling.
When we talk about things getting cold, or feeling cold, in Japanese, we often use the verb 冷える (hieru). It’s super useful for everyday situations. Think about when the weather turns chilly, or when your drink isn't as warm as it used to be. You can also use it to describe how *you* feel, like when you're starting to get cold.
When we talk about something becoming cold, or feeling cold ourselves, we use the verb 冷える (hieru). This word is often used for things like food, drinks, or even the weather when it gets chilly. For instance, you might say your hands are 冷える (hieru) if they're feeling cold.
It's also used when something that was warm or hot has cooled down. Think of a cup of coffee that has sat out for a while. You could say it's 冷える (hieru).
When we talk about something becoming cold, or feeling cold, in Japanese, we often use the verb 冷える (hieru). It’s particularly common when referring to a general cooling down, like the weather getting colder or food becoming cold. You might also hear it when someone feels a chill in their body, especially in their extremities.
It’s important to note that 冷える often implies a natural or gradual cooling, rather than something being actively made cold by someone. For instance, you wouldn't typically use 冷える if you intentionally put something in the refrigerator to chill it – for that, you'd probably use a different verb like 冷やす (hiyasu). However, if your feet feel cold from being outside, 冷える is the perfect word to describe that sensation.
When discussing temperature, 「冷える」 (hieru) is a common verb used to describe something becoming cold or feeling cold. It often refers to a natural cooling process or a sensation of coldness. For instance, if the weather gets colder, you might say 「今日は冷えますね」 (Kyō wa hiemasu ne), meaning "It's getting cold today, isn't it?"
It's also used for things that have cooled down, like food or drinks. You could say 「ビールがよく冷えている」 (Bīru ga yoku hiete iru) to mean "The beer is nicely chilled."
Another common usage is when you personally feel cold, especially a specific part of your body. For example, if your hands are cold, you might say 「手が冷える」 (Te ga hieru). This verb focuses on the sensation of cold rather than intentionally making something cold.
While it can refer to a general drop in temperature, it often implies a more temporary or localized cooling rather than a severe, long-term freezing. It's distinct from verbs like 「凍る」 (kōru), which means to freeze solid.
When discussing the weather or objects, the intransitive verb 冷える (hieru) describes something becoming cold or cooling down naturally, such as a room cooling in the evening or a drink getting cold in the refrigerator. For example, 「部屋が冷えてきた」 (heya ga hiete kita - The room has gotten cold). It can also be used to express a physical sensation of feeling cold, particularly in a part of the body, like 「足が冷える」 (ashi ga hieru - my feet are cold).
§ What 冷える means and when to use it
The Japanese verb 冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'. It's a really common verb, especially when you're talking about temperatures dropping or feeling chilly yourself. Think of it as the opposite of 'to get warm' or 'to heat up'.
You'll hear and use 冷える in a few main situations. Firstly, for things that naturally become cold. This could be food, drinks, or even the air. For example, if you leave a drink out, it will eventually 冷える. If the weather changes and it gets colder, you can say the air is 冷える or has become 冷える.
ビールが冷えた。
- Hint
- The beer got cold.
今朝は空気が冷えている。
- Hint
- This morning, the air is cold.
Secondly, you use it when a part of your body feels cold. For instance, if your hands or feet are cold, you can use 冷える. This is a very common way to describe that sensation. It implies a change from a warmer state to a colder one, or just the current state of being cold.
足が冷えた。
- Hint
- My feet got cold.
Thirdly, 冷える can also be used in a more metaphorical sense, though it's less common for beginners. It can sometimes refer to a relationship cooling down or a situation becoming tense. However, for everyday use, stick to its literal meaning of things or body parts getting cold.
Here are some common things that 冷える:
- 飲み物 (nomimono) - drinks
- 食べ物 (tabemono) - food
- 空気 (kūki) - air
- 体 (karada) - body
- 手足 (teashi) - hands and feet
- お腹 (onaka) - stomach (when you feel a chill in your stomach, often associated with feeling unwell)
お腹が冷えている。
- Hint
- My stomach feels cold (or I have a chill in my stomach).
Understanding when to use 冷える versus its transitive counterparts is key. Just remember, if something is getting cold by itself, or you are feeling cold in a part of your body, 冷える is the verb you need.
§ Understanding 冷える (hieru)
The verb 冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'. It's an intransitive verb, which means it describes a state or action of the subject itself, rather than acting on an object. Think of it as something becoming cold naturally or feeling cold personally.
- Japanese Word
- 冷える (hieru)
- Meaning
- To get cold; to feel cold
- CEFR Level
- B1
§ Basic Usage
You use 冷える (hieru) to talk about things that become cold on their own, or when you personally feel cold, especially a part of your body. It often implies a natural process or a personal sensation.
足が冷える。(Ashi ga hieru.)
Hint: My feet are getting cold / My feet feel cold.
この部屋は冬になると冷える。(Kono heya wa fuyu ni naru to hieru.)
Hint: This room gets cold when winter comes.
§ Common Phrases and Nuances
You'll often hear 冷える in contexts related to health and comfort. For example, people often talk about their hands or feet feeling cold.
体が冷えると風邪をひきやすい。(Karada ga hieru to kaze o hikiyasui.)
Hint: When your body gets cold, you tend to catch a cold easily.
It can also be used for drinks or food becoming cold.
ビールがよく冷えている。(Biiru ga yoku hiete iru.)
Hint: The beer is well chilled (has gotten cold well).
§ Contrasting with 冷やす (hiyasu)
It's important not to confuse 冷える (hieru) with its transitive counterpart, 冷やす (hiyasu). While 冷える means 'to get cold' (intransitive), 冷やす means 'to cool (something down)' or 'to chill (something)' (transitive). With 冷やす, there is an agent actively making something cold.
水を冷やす。(Mizu o hiyasu.)
Hint: To cool the water.
頭を冷やして考えよう。(Atama o hiyashite kangaeyou.)
Hint: Let's cool our heads and think (i.e., calm down and think).
Notice the direct object particle を (o) with 冷やす, indicating that water and head are objects being cooled by an external action. With 冷える, there's no direct object because the subject itself is getting cold.
§ Related Expressions
While 冷える is common, you might also encounter phrases like 寒くなる (samuku naru) which means 'to become cold'. The difference is subtle: 寒くなる refers to the general temperature becoming cold (e.g., the weather), while 冷える often applies to specific objects, body parts, or a more personal feeling of coldness.
今日は急に寒くなった。(Kyou wa kyuu ni samuku natta.)
Hint: It suddenly became cold today (referring to the weather).
You wouldn't typically say 「今日は急に冷えた」 (Kyou wa kyuu ni hieta) to describe the weather becoming cold, unless you're talking about a specific item or area that suddenly got cold. However, you might say 「体が冷えた」 (Karada ga hieta) if your body suddenly felt cold.
§ Understanding 冷える (hieru) in context
You've learned that 冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'. Now, let's look at how this useful verb appears in everyday situations, from your workplace to school, and even in news reports. Knowing these contexts will help you use it naturally.
§ 冷える at work
In an office environment, 冷える often comes up when talking about temperatures or physical sensations. It's common to hear it when someone feels cold or when a room's temperature is too low.
- Common work situations
- Someone complaining about the office air conditioning.
- Discussing food that needs to be kept cold.
- Talking about feeling unwell due to cold.
エアコンのせいで足が冷える。
Translation hint: "My feet get cold because of the air conditioner."
コーヒーが冷える前に飲んでください。
Translation hint: "Please drink your coffee before it gets cold."
§ 冷える at school
In a school setting, 冷える can be used by students and teachers alike, often related to weather, classrooms, or even things like school lunch.
- School scenarios
- Students talking about a chilly classroom.
- Discussing cold weather during sports activities.
- A teacher reminding students to dress warmly.
体育館は冬になるととても冷える。
Translation hint: "The gym gets very cold in winter."
窓を開けると部屋が冷えるから閉めてください。
Translation hint: "Please close the window because the room will get cold."
§ 冷える in the news
News reports often use 冷える to describe weather conditions or changes in temperature, especially when reporting on cold snaps or significant drops in temperature.
- News contexts
- Weather forecasts predicting colder temperatures.
- Reports on seasonal temperature shifts.
- Warnings about health risks due to cold weather.
今夜から急速に冷えるでしょう。
Translation hint: "It will get rapidly colder from tonight."
寒気が入り込み、明日にはさらに冷える見込みです。
Translation hint: "A cold air mass is moving in, and it is expected to get even colder tomorrow."
§ Practical takeaway
As you can see, 冷える is a versatile verb used in many daily situations. By understanding its common uses in work, school, and news, you can start to incorporate it into your own Japanese conversations. Listen for it in these contexts to solidify your understanding.
Let's talk about some common errors when using 冷える (hieru). This verb means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold,' and while it seems straightforward, there are a few nuances that often trip up learners. Understanding these will help you use the word more naturally and avoid awkward phrasing.
§ Mistake 1: Confusing it with 寒い (samui)
This is perhaps the most frequent mistake. Both relate to cold, but they function differently.
- DEFINITION
- 冷える (hieru) describes something becoming or feeling cold. It's a verb. 寒い (samui) is an adjective describing the temperature of the weather or atmosphere. You can also use it to describe how *you* feel about the temperature, but it's about the general environment.
Think of it this way:
- You feel cold: 寒い (samui) or 寒さを感じる (samusa o kanjiru)
- Something got cold: 冷える (hieru)
手が冷えた。(My hands got cold.)
今日は寒い日だ。(Today is a cold day.)
§ Mistake 2: Using it for people's emotions
While 冷える can refer to a person's body feeling cold, you wouldn't use it to describe someone's emotional state as 'cold' or 'unfriendly.' That's a different concept in Japanese.
- DEFINITION
- 冷える refers to a physical sensation of coldness or an object's temperature dropping. For emotional 'coldness,' you'd use terms like 冷たい (tsumetai) or 冷淡 (reitan).
彼女は冷たい人だ。(She is a cold person [emotionally].)
Not 「彼女は冷える人だ。」
§ Mistake 3: Overusing it for 'getting cold' when 'cooling down' is better
Sometimes, 冷える is perfect, but other times a more specific verb might fit better, especially for things like food or drinks.
- DEFINITION
- 冷える can mean 'to get cold,' but for something specific like cooling food or a drink, 冷ます (samasu - transitive, to cool something down) or 冷やす (hiyasu - transitive, to chill/cool) might be more precise.
お茶が冷えてしまった。(The tea got cold [on its own].)
お茶を冷ます。(To cool down the tea [intentionally].)
§ Mistake 4: Incorrect particle usage
Since 冷える is an intransitive verb, it takes the particle が (ga) to mark the subject that is getting cold.
- DEFINITION
- The subject that is cooling down or feeling cold is marked with が (ga). Don't use を (o) as you would with a transitive verb.
足が冷える。(My feet are getting cold / My feet feel cold.)
Not 「足を冷える。」 That would be grammatically incorrect.
§ Practice makes perfect
The best way to solidify your understanding of 冷える is to expose yourself to many examples and try using it in your own sentences. Pay attention to context and the kind of things that are described as 冷える. You'll get the hang of it!
§ 冷える (hieru) in Japanese: When to use it
You've learned that 冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold.' It's a versatile verb, but Japanese has several words related to coldness, and knowing when to use 冷える is key to sounding natural. Let's break down its specific nuances and compare it to similar terms.
- DEFINITION
- 冷える (hieru) primarily describes something becoming cold, or a person feeling cold, often referring to a specific part of the body or a sudden drop in temperature. It implies a change or a state of being cool rather than intensely freezing.
§ Cold things and cold feelings
冷える is excellent for describing food, drinks, or objects that have cooled down, or for expressing a feeling of coldness in your body, especially your extremities.
ビールが冷えている。
Hint: The beer is cold.
足が冷えています。
Hint: My feet are cold.
§ 冷える (hieru) vs. 寒い (samui)
This is one of the most common points of confusion for learners. Both relate to cold, but their usage is distinct.
- 冷える (hieru): As we've discussed, this is a verb meaning 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold.' It often refers to physical objects or parts of the body.
- 寒い (samui): This is an i-adjective meaning 'cold' and is primarily used to describe the weather or the general atmospheric temperature. It's about the environment being cold.
今日は寒いです。
Hint: It's cold today (weather).
部屋が冷えている。
Hint: The room is cold (has become cold).
§ 冷える (hieru) vs. 冷たい (tsumetai)
Another pair that can be tricky. 冷たい (tsumetai) is an i-adjective.
- 冷える (hieru): Verb, 'to get cold,' 'to feel cold.' Focuses on the process or state of becoming cold.
- 冷たい (tsumetai): i-adjective, 'cold (to the touch).' It describes something that is inherently cold or feels cold when you touch it.
この水は冷たいです。
Hint: This water is cold (to the touch).
お茶が冷えてしまった。
Hint: The tea has gotten cold.
§ When to stick with 冷える (hieru)
Use 冷える when you want to express:
- A decline in temperature of an object or food/drink.
- Feeling cold in a specific part of your body (e.g., hands, feet).
- A general sense of coolness or a refreshing coldness, especially for drinks or air.
Mastering these distinctions will greatly improve your naturalness when talking about 'cold' in Japanese. Don't worry if it takes time; practice makes perfect!
How Formal Is It?
"今朝はずいぶん冷えましたね。 (It got quite cold this morning, didn't it?)"
"今日は冷えるから、暖かい格好をしてね。 (It's cold today, so dress warmly.)"
"なんか、足が冷えるんだよね。 (My feet feel cold, you know?)"
"手がひえひえだよ。 (My hands are super cold.)"
"今日はマジで冷え込むわ。 (It's seriously freezing today.)"
रोचक तथ्य
Related to '冷たい' (tsumetai - cold/chilly) and '冷やす' (hiyasu - to cool something).
उच्चारण मार्गदर्शिका
- confusing 'e' and 'i' sounds
- not rolling the 'r' sound lightly
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
When 冷える is used with a body part, it means that body part feels cold.
足が冷える (ashi ga hieru) - My feet feel cold.
冷える is an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object. To say something *makes* something else cold, you'd use 冷やす (hiyasu).
部屋が冷える (heya ga hieru) - The room gets cold. / 飲み物を冷やす (nomimono o hiyasu) - To chill drinks.
It can be used to describe both objects and people getting cold.
ビールが冷える (biiru ga hieru) - The beer gets cold. / 私は冷えやすい (watashi wa hieyasui) - I get cold easily.
In the past tense, 冷えた (hieta) describes something that has become cold.
コーヒーが冷えた (koohii ga hieta) - The coffee got cold.
冷える can also describe a situation becoming chilly or tense, though this is less common.
場の空気が冷える (ba no kuuki ga hieru) - The atmosphere became tense (lit. the air of the place got cold).
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
部屋が冷えています。
The room is cold.
冷える (hieru) is an intransitive verb, meaning it doesn't take a direct object. It describes the state of something becoming cold on its own.
手が冷えました。
My hands got cold.
Past tense form of 冷える is 冷えました (hiemashita).
外は冷えるでしょう。
It will probably get cold outside.
でしょう (deshou) indicates probability or conjecture.
足が冷えてきました。
My feet have started to get cold.
～てくる (te kuru) indicates that something has started to happen and is continuing, or has happened and the result is ongoing.
寒いので、体が冷えます。
It's cold, so my body gets cold.
ので (node) is a common way to express cause or reason, similar to 'because' or 'so'.
ビールが冷えていますか？
Is the beer cold?
The ています (te imasu) form of 冷える often indicates a state of being cold.
冬は体が冷えます。
In winter, my body gets cold.
冬 (fuyu) means 'winter'.
この飲み物は冷えています。
This drink is cold.
飲み物 (nomimono) means 'drink'.
今日は寒いから体が冷えるね。
It's cold today, so my body feels cold, doesn't it?
から indicates a reason. ね is a sentence-ending particle asking for agreement.
冷蔵庫にビールを入れて冷やそう。
Let's put the beer in the refrigerator to chill it.
冷やす (hiyasu) is the transitive form of 冷える (hieru), meaning 'to cool something down'.
冬の朝は足が冷えやすい。
On winter mornings, my feet tend to get cold easily.
〜やすい means 'easy to do' or 'tend to'.
お風呂のお湯が冷えてしまった。
The bathwater has gotten cold.
〜てしまった indicates that something has happened, often with a sense of regret or completion.
外に出ると空気が冷たくて気持ちがいい。
When I go outside, the air is cold and feels good.
〜と indicates a conditional 'when' or 'if'. 気持ちがいい means 'feels good' or 'pleasant'.
冷たい飲み物が飲みたい。
I want to drink something cold.
冷たい (tsumetai) is an i-adjective meaning 'cold (to the touch)'.
風邪をひかないように、体を冷やさないでください。
Please don't let your body get cold so you don't catch a cold.
〜ないように means 'so that (one) doesn't...' or 'in order not to...'. ください is a polite request.
エアコンが効きすぎて、部屋が冷えすぎた。
The air conditioner worked too well, and the room got too cold.
〜すぎる means 'too much' or 'excessively'.
今朝は冷えたので、セーターを着て出かけました。
It was cold this morning, so I wore a sweater when I went out.
冷えた (hieta) is the past tense of 冷える (hieru).
ビールがよく冷えているから、早く飲みましょう。
The beer is nicely chilled, so let's drink it soon.
冷えている (hie te iru) indicates a state of being cold.
長時間座っていたら、足が冷えてきました。
After sitting for a long time, my feet started to feel cold.
冷えてきました (hie te kimashita) indicates a change of state, becoming cold.
冬の夜は、暖房がないと体が冷えてしまいます。
On winter nights, without heating, your body will get cold.
冷えてしまいます (hie te shimaimasu) implies an undesirable outcome of getting cold.
この部屋はいつもエアコンが効きすぎて、冷えますね。
The air conditioner in this room is always too strong, making it cold, isn't it?
冷えますね (hiemasu ne) is a polite way to express that it's cold.
運動した後、急に止まると体が冷えやすいです。
After exercising, if you stop suddenly, your body tends to get cold easily.
冷えやすい (hie yasui) means 'prone to getting cold' or 'easily gets cold'.
冷蔵庫に冷えている飲み物がありますか？
Are there any cold drinks in the refrigerator?
冷えている (hie te iru) modifies the noun 飲み物 (nomimono).
窓を開けておくと、部屋がすぐに冷えてしまいます。
If you leave the window open, the room will quickly get cold.
冷えてしまいます (hie te shimaimasu) again implies an undesirable outcome.
暖房が壊れて部屋がすっかり冷えてしまった。
The heater broke, and the room got completely cold.
夜になると、山は急に冷えるから、厚着をしてください。
It gets cold in the mountains suddenly at night, so please dress warmly.
冷蔵庫にビールを入れて冷やしておいた。
I put the beer in the refrigerator to chill it.
会議室はエアコンが効きすぎていて、体が冷える。
The air conditioning in the meeting room is too strong, and I'm feeling cold.
冬の朝は、車のエンジンがなかなか冷えなくて困る。
On winter mornings, it's a problem when the car engine doesn't warm up easily.
手が冷えて、文字がうまく書けない。
My hands are cold, and I can't write properly.
彼はいつも冷えたビールを飲むのが好きだ。
He always likes to drink cold beer.
足が冷えると、体全体が寒く感じる。
When your feet get cold, your whole body feels cold.
今朝は冷えた空気が身に染みました。
The cold air seeped into me this morning.
ビールがキンキンに冷えているので、喉越しが良いです。
The beer is ice-cold, so it goes down smoothly.
体調が悪いとすぐに手足が冷えてしまいます。
When I'm not feeling well, my hands and feet quickly get cold.
エアコンをつけっぱなしにしていたら、部屋がすっかり冷えてしまった。
I left the air conditioner on, and the room became completely cold.
彼女の冷え切った態度に、彼は何も言えなかった。
He couldn't say anything to her cold attitude.
このスープは冷えても美味しいので、お弁当にも良いでしょう。
This soup is delicious even when cold, so it would be good for a bento.
長時間外にいたので、体がすっかり冷え切ってしまった。
I was outside for a long time, so my body became completely chilled.
冷えた牛乳を飲んで、お腹を壊してしまった。
I drank cold milk and got an upset stomach.
सामान्य शब्द संयोजन
सामान्य वाक्यांश
今日は冷えますね。
It's cold today, isn't it?
体が冷えないように気をつけてください。
Please be careful not to let your body get cold.
寒いと足が冷えます。
When it's cold, my feet get cold.
ビールを冷やしておきます。
I'll chill the beer.
お腹が冷えたので、温かいものを飲みたい。
My stomach got cold, so I want to drink something warm.
冬は部屋がすぐに冷える。
In winter, the room gets cold quickly.
冷たい風が吹いて、体が冷えた。
A cold wind blew, and my body got cold.
彼の言葉に心が冷えた。
My heart grew cold at his words.
冷えたお茶をください。
Please give me cold tea.
早く帰らないと、体が冷えるよ。
If you don't go home soon, you'll get cold.
अक्सर इससे भ्रम होता है
冷える (intransitive: to get cold, feel cold) vs. 冷やす (transitive: to cool something down)
冷える (verb: to get/feel cold) vs. 寒い (adjective: cold weather/temperature)
冷える (verb: to get/feel cold) vs. 冷たい (adjective: cold to the touch, cold personality)
मुहावरे और अभिव्यक्तियाँ
"冷え込む (hiekomu)"
To get very cold; to feel a sharp drop in temperature.
今夜は冷え込むでしょう。(Kon'ya wa hiekomu deshou.) - It will probably get very cold tonight.
neutral"冷え切る (hiekiru)"
To be completely cold; to become thoroughly chilled.
体が冷え切ってしまった。(Karada ga hiekitte shimatta.) - My body became completely cold.
neutral"冷え性 (hieshou)"
Sensitivity to cold; poor circulation that makes one feel cold easily.
彼女は冷え性なので、冬は厚着をします。(Kanojo wa hieshou nano de, fuyu wa atugi o shimasu.) - She has poor circulation and feels cold easily, so she wears thick clothes in winter.
neutral"冷や汗をかく (hiyaase o kaku)"
To break out in a cold sweat; to be scared or nervous.
発表の前に冷や汗をかいた。(Happyō no mae ni hiyaase o kaita.) - I broke out in a cold sweat before the presentation.
neutral"水を差す (mizu o sasu)"
To pour cold water on; to dampen enthusiasm or spoil something.
せっかくの計画に水を差さないで。(Sekkaku no keikaku ni mizu o sasanai de.) - Don't pour cold water on our carefully laid plans.
neutral"肝が冷える (kimo ga hieru)"
To be terrified; to get a scare. (Literally: one's liver gets cold)
その話を聞いて肝が冷えた。(Sono hanashi o kiite kimo ga hieta.) - Hearing that story chilled me to the bone (terrified me).
neutral"冷たい態度 (tsumetai taido)"
Cold attitude; unfriendly demeanor.
彼女は私に冷たい態度を取った。(Kanojo wa watashi ni tsumetai taido o totta.) - She gave me a cold attitude.
neutral"冷やかす (hiyakasu)"
To tease; to make fun of.
彼らは私を冷やかした。(Karera wa watashi o hiyakashita.) - They teased me.
neutral"冷や飯を食う (hiyameshi o kuu)"
To be treated coldly; to be out of favor. (Literally: to eat cold rice)
彼は会社で冷や飯を食っている。(Kare wa kaisha de hiyameshi o kutteiru.) - He's being given the cold shoulder at work.
informal"冷や水 (hiyamizu)"
Cold water; also used to refer to an unpleasant or shocking truth.
彼の発言は皆に冷や水を浴びせた。(Kare no hatsugen wa mina ni hiyamizu o abiseta.) - His remark threw cold water on everyone's enthusiasm (or shocked everyone).
neutralआसानी से भ्रमित होने वाले
Many English speakers confuse 冷える with related words like 冷やす (hiyasu) and 寒い (samui) because they all relate to coldness. However, 冷える specifically refers to something becoming cold or a person feeling cold.
冷える describes a state of becoming cold or feeling cold, often without direct action. It's intransitive.
急に冷えてきたので、上着を着ました。 (It suddenly got cold, so I put on a jacket.)
Often confused with 冷える due to similar meanings related to making something cold.
冷やす means to cool something down intentionally. It's a transitive verb, requiring an object.
ビールを冷蔵庫で冷やしておいた。 (I cooled the beer in the refrigerator.)
This adjective also relates to coldness, leading to confusion with 冷える.
寒い is an adjective meaning 'cold' (referring to weather or temperature). It describes the general environment.
今日はとても寒いですね。 (It's very cold today, isn't it?)
Another adjective for 'cold,' causing overlap in understanding with 冷える.
冷たい is an adjective meaning 'cold' (referring to a touch, object, or feeling). It describes something that is cold to the touch or a 'cold' personality.
この水はとても冷たい。 (This water is very cold.)
While distinct, learners might initially link it to the general idea of getting cold.
凍る means to freeze or to be frozen solid. It implies a much lower temperature than 冷える.
水が凍って、氷になった。 (The water froze and became ice.)
शब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
सुझाव
Basic Meaning of HIERU
冷える (ひえる - hieru) means "to get cold" or "to feel cold." It's often used when something becomes cold or when you feel cold.
Use for Objects and Weather
You can use 冷える for objects, like food or drinks, that are getting cold, or for the weather when it's turning cold. For example, 「ビールが冷える」 (Beer gets cold) or 「今日は冷えるね」 (It's cold today, isn't it?).
Use for Your Body
It's also used to describe a part of your body feeling cold. For instance, 「足が冷える」 (My feet feel cold) or 「体が冷える」 (My body feels cold).
Automatic Action, Not Intentional
冷える implies something getting cold on its own, or you feeling cold naturally. It's not about intentionally making something cold. For that, you'd use 冷やす (ひやす - hiyasu).
Distinguish from SAMUI
While both relate to cold, 寒い (さむい - samui) is an adjective meaning "cold (weather)" or "cold (feeling)." 冷える is a verb describing the process of getting or feeling cold.
Common Phrases with HIERU
You'll often hear 「冷え込む」 (ひえこむ - hiekomu) which means "to get much colder" or "to be gripped by cold." This adds emphasis to the coldness.
Opposite: ATSUMARU/ATATAKAI
The opposite of 冷える is not a direct verb. You could think of 温まる (あたたまる - atatamaru) "to get warm" or simply the adjective 暖かい (あたたかい - atatakai) "warm."
Practice with Sentences
Try making your own sentences. For example, 「冬は手足が冷える」 (In winter, my hands and feet get cold) or 「冷蔵庫でジュースが冷える」 (The juice gets cold in the refrigerator).
Listen for HIERU
Listen for 冷える in Japanese dramas, movies, or conversations. Notice how native speakers use it to describe things getting cold or their own physical sensation of coldness.
याद करें
स्मृति सहायक
Imagine a **HIE**-gh-altitude wind making you **RU**n inside because you **FEEL COLD**.
दृश्य संबंध
Picture a shivering person wrapped in a blanket, with the Japanese character 冷 (cold) floating above their head.
Word Web
चैलेंज
Describe three situations where you might say something 'gets cold' or 'feels cold' using 冷える.
शब्द की उत्पत्ति
Native Japanese word (Yamato kotoba)
मूल अर्थ: To become cold
Japonicसांस्कृतिक संदर्भ
When a Japanese person says their body '冷える', it often implies a feeling of being chilly or having poor circulation, which is sometimes associated with health and comfort. It can also describe food or drink getting cold, or the weather turning chilly, indicating a broad usage in daily life.
असल ज़िंदगी में अभ्यास करें
वास्तविक संदर्भ
When the weather turns chilly:
- 今日は冷えますね。(It's chilly today, isn't it?)
- 急に冷え込んできました。(It suddenly got cold.)
- 冷えてきたので、何か羽織りましょう。(It's gotten cold, so let's put something on.)
When a drink or food gets cold:
- ビールがよく冷えています。(The beer is well chilled.)
- コーヒーが冷めてしまいました。(My coffee got cold.)
- 料理が冷えないうちに食べましょう。(Let's eat before the food gets cold.)
When you feel cold physically (e.g., hands, feet):
- 足が冷えています。(My feet are cold.)
- 手先が冷える。(My fingertips get cold.)
- 体が冷え切った。(My body is completely cold.)
When a place or room is cold:
- この部屋はよく冷える。(This room gets very cold.)
- エアコンで部屋が冷えすぎた。(The room got too cold because of the air conditioner.)
- 暖房をつけないと冷えるでしょう。(It will probably get cold if we don't turn on the heater.)
Figurative use: when something cools down or enthusiasm wanes:
- 景気が冷え込んでいる。(The economy is sluggish/cooling down.)
- 彼の熱意が冷えた。(His enthusiasm cooled.)
- 関係が冷え切ってしまった。(The relationship completely cooled down.)
बातचीत की शुरुआत
"最近、いつ「冷える」と感じましたか？ (Recently, when did you feel 'cold'?)"
"寒い日に体を温めるために何をしますか？ (What do you do to warm yourself on a cold day?)"
"日本の冬はどのように感じますか？冷えますか？ (How do you feel about Japanese winters? Do they get cold?)"
"好きな飲み物が冷めてしまったら、どうしますか？ (What do you do if your favorite drink gets cold?)"
"あなたの国で、特に冷え込む時期はいつですか？ (When is it particularly cold in your country?)"
डायरी विषय
今日、どこか「冷える」と感じた場所や状況について書いてみましょう。(Write about a place or situation where you felt 'cold' today.)
「冷える」ことで良いことや悪いことは何だと思いますか？ (What do you think are the good and bad things about 'getting cold'?)
体が冷えるのを防ぐために、あなたが普段していることを詳しく書いてください。(Describe in detail what you usually do to prevent your body from getting cold.)
もしあなたがお店で働いているとして、飲み物が「冷える」のを防ぐためにどんな工夫をしますか？ (If you were working in a shop, what would you do to prevent drinks from 'getting cold'?)
「冷える」という言葉を使って、あなたの故郷の季節の移り変わりについて説明してみてください。(Try to explain the changing seasons in your hometown using the word 'hieeru' (to get cold).)
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल
10 सवाल冷える (hieru) refers to something *getting* cold or feeling a chill, often implying a change in temperature or a sensation. For example, your hands might get cold. 寒い (samui) describes the general state of being cold, like the weather. So, you might say 「手が冷える」 (te ga hieru - my hands are getting cold) or 「今日は寒い」 (kyou wa samui - it's cold today).
Yes, you can use 冷える (hieru) for both! You can say 「体が冷える」 (karada ga hieru - my body is getting cold) or 「ビールが冷える」 (biiru ga hieru - the beer is getting cold).
冷える (hieru) is an intransitive verb. This means it doesn't take a direct object. Something *itself* gets cold. If you want to say you *made* something cold, you'd use the transitive form, 冷やす (hiyasu).
You can say something like 「足が冷える」 (ashi ga hieru - my feet are getting cold/chilly) or 「部屋が冷えてきた」 (heya ga hiete kita - the room has gotten cold).
A common mistake is trying to use it transitively without changing to 冷やす. Remember, 冷える is for something getting cold on its own. If you chilled the drink, you'd use 冷やす.
While not a strong idiom, you might hear 「腹が冷える」 (hara ga hieru - to get a chill in one's stomach), often implying getting a stomach ache from eating/drinking something cold.
The past tense of 冷える (hieru) is 冷えた (hieta). For example, 「手が冷えた」 (te ga hieta - my hands got cold).
You can say 「冷えてきた」 (hiete kita), which literally means 'it has come to get cold,' implying a process of getting colder. Or simply 「冷える」 if talking about the general tendency.
The polite form of 冷える (hieru) is 冷えます (hiemasu). For example, 「体が冷えます」 (karada ga hiemasu - my body is getting cold [polite]).
Yes, it can be used somewhat metaphorically. For instance, 「夫婦関係が冷える」 (fuufu kankei ga hieru - a couple's relationship is cooling down/straining) can imply a loss of warmth or closeness.
खुद को परखो 144 सवाल
冬は水が＿＿＿。
The verb 'ひえる' (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold', which fits the context of water in winter. 'さむい' (samui) is an adjective for cold weather, 'つめたい' (tsumetai) is an adjective for cold to the touch, and 'あたたかい' (atakakai) means 'warm'.
冷蔵庫にジュースを入れると、＿＿＿。
When you put juice in the refrigerator, it 'gets cold' or 'chills'. 'あつい' (atsui) means 'hot', 'おいしい' (oishii) means 'delicious', and 'すき' (suki) means 'like'.
夏はビールが＿＿＿。
In summer, beer 'gets cold' or 'is chilled'. 'さむい' (samui) is for cold weather, 'あたたかい' (atakakai) means 'warm', and 'のみたい' (nomitai) means 'want to drink'.
外は寒いので、体が＿＿＿。
Because it's cold outside, your body 'gets cold' or 'feels cold'. 'あつい' (atsui) means 'hot', 'さむい' (samui) is an adjective for cold weather, and 'いい' (ii) means 'good'.
お風呂のお湯が＿＿＿。
The bathwater 'gets cold'. 'あたたかい' (atakakai) means 'warm', 'つめたい' (tsumetai) means 'cold to the touch', and 'ねむい' (nemui) means 'sleepy'.
エアコンをつけると、部屋が＿＿＿。
When you turn on the air conditioner, the room 'gets cold'. 'あつい' (atsui) means 'hot', 'うるさい' (urusai) means 'noisy', and 'くらい' (kurai) means 'dark'.
Which of these means 'to get cold'?
冷える (hieru) specifically means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'.
You feel cold. Which word would you use?
冷える (hieru) is used when something, or someone, feels cold.
The water got cold. Which verb is appropriate?
冷えました (hiemashita) is the past tense of 冷える (hieru) and correctly indicates the water became cold.
冷える (hieru) is used when something gets hot.
冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold', not hot.
When you feel chilly, you can use 冷える (hieru).
Yes, 冷える (hieru) can describe feeling chilly or cold.
飲み物 (nomimono) can 冷える (hieru).
Yes, a drink can get cold, so it can 冷える (hieru).
Write a short sentence about what happens to water when it gets cold in Japanese. Use '水' (mizu - water) and '冷える' (hieru - to get cold).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
水が冷える。
Imagine you are feeling a bit cold. Write a short sentence in Japanese to express this feeling. Use '私' (watashi - I) and '冷える' (hieru - to feel cold).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私は冷える。
Write a simple sentence in Japanese about the weather getting colder. Use '天気' (tenki - weather) and '冷える' (hieru - to get cold).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
天気が冷える。
What happens to the water in winter, according to the passage?
Read this passage:
冬はとても寒いです。水が冷えます。私も冷えます。
What happens to the water in winter, according to the passage?
The passage states '水が冷えます' (mizu ga hiemasu), which means 'The water gets cold.'
The passage states '水が冷えます' (mizu ga hiemasu), which means 'The water gets cold.'
What gets cold when the window is opened in the morning?
Read this passage:
朝、窓を開けると空気が冷えます。少し寒いです。
What gets cold when the window is opened in the morning?
The passage says '空気が冷えます' (kuuki ga hiemasu), meaning 'The air gets cold.'
The passage says '空気が冷えます' (kuuki ga hiemasu), meaning 'The air gets cold.'
What happens to the drink in the refrigerator?
Read this passage:
冷蔵庫に飲み物を入れました。飲み物が冷えます。
What happens to the drink in the refrigerator?
The passage states '飲み物が冷えます' (nomimono ga hiemasu), which means 'The drink gets cold.'
The passage states '飲み物が冷えます' (nomimono ga hiemasu), which means 'The drink gets cold.'
冬になると、部屋がよく___。
In winter, rooms often 'get cold'.
このビールはもう少し___方が美味しい。
This beer tastes better if it's a little more 'chilled'.
お風呂から上がると、体がすぐに___。
After getting out of the bath, your body 'gets cold' quickly.
冷蔵庫に入れた飲み物が___。
The drinks put in the refrigerator 'get cold'.
寒い日には、手足が___やすい。
On cold days, hands and feet 'tend to get cold'.
窓を開けると、部屋の空気が___。
When you open the window, the room's air 'gets cold'.
Choose the correct kanji for 'hieru' (to get cold).
冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'. 冷める (sameru) means 'to cool down' (e.g., food). 寒い (samui) is an adjective meaning 'cold' (weather/temperature). 熱い (atsui) means 'hot'.
Which sentence correctly uses 冷える to describe a person feeling cold?
冷える (hieru) can describe a part of the body feeling cold. '手が冷えます' means 'My hands feel cold'. '私はお茶が冷えます' is incorrect. '今日はとても冷えます' means 'It's very cold today' (referring to the weather, not a person). 'この部屋は冷えます' means 'This room gets cold'.
What is the most natural way to say 'The beer gets cold'?
冷える (hieru) is used for things getting cold. 'ビールは冷えます' means 'The beer gets cold'. '熱い' means 'hot' (for objects/drinks), '暖かい' means 'warm', and '暑い' means 'hot' (for weather).
You can use 冷える to say 'The weather is cold'.
No, you use 寒い (samui) for weather. 冷える is more for objects or parts of the body getting cold, or the general atmosphere of a place getting cold.
If your hands are cold, you can say '手が冷えます'.
Yes, '手が冷えます' is a common and natural way to say 'My hands feel cold'.
You would use 冷える to describe hot coffee becoming lukewarm.
No, for hot things cooling down, like coffee, you would typically use 冷める (sameru). 冷える is more about things getting cold from a neutral temperature or a part of the body feeling cold.
My body got cold.
My feet are cold.
Please chill the beer.
Read this aloud:
寒いので、体が冷えます。
Focus: ひえます (hiemasu)
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
この部屋は冷える。
Focus: ひえる (hieru)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
冷えたビールを飲みたい。
Focus: ひえた (hieta)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you left a cold drink on the table. How would you describe it getting cold in Japanese?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
飲み物が冷えました。
You are at home and the room is getting chilly. How would you say 'The room is getting cold'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
部屋が冷えます。
Your hands are cold. How would you express 'My hands are cold'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
手が冷えます。
What is getting cold?
Read this passage:
今日は寒いです。朝からずっと部屋が冷えています。窓を閉めましょう。
What is getting cold?
The passage states '部屋が冷えています' which means 'the room is getting cold'.
The passage states '部屋が冷えています' which means 'the room is getting cold'.
Why is the drink cold?
Read this passage:
この飲み物は冷蔵庫に入っていました。だから、今冷えています。
Why is the drink cold?
The passage says '冷蔵庫に入っていました' which means 'it was in the refrigerator'.
The passage says '冷蔵庫に入っていました' which means 'it was in the refrigerator'.
What is easy to get cold in winter?
Read this passage:
冬は足が冷えやすいです。厚い靴下を履いてください。
What is easy to get cold in winter?
The passage says '足が冷えやすいです' which means 'feet are easy to get cold'.
The passage says '足が冷えやすいです' which means 'feet are easy to get cold'.
The particles が and は often follow the subject. The adverb よく (well) typically comes before the verb.
The time expression (今日は) usually comes at the beginning of the sentence. The adverb (急に) comes before the verb.
The reason (足が冷えるから) comes before the request. The direct object (靴下を) comes before the verb (履いてください).
冬になると、部屋の空気が___。
In winter, the air in the room 'gets cold' (冷える).
冷蔵庫にビールを入れて、よく___。
We 'cool' (冷やす, the transitive form of 冷える) beer in the refrigerator. The te-form is used here as a conjunctive particle.
寒い日に外を歩くと、体が___。
When you walk outside on a cold day, your body 'gets cold' (冷える).
今日の夜は___から、厚い服を着てね。
Tonight it will 'get cold' (冷える), so wear warm clothes. The dictionary form can be used to describe an upcoming state.
アイスコーヒーは___とおいしい。
Iced coffee is delicious when it 'gets cold' (冷える). The 'to' particle indicates a conditional 'when'.
夏でも、エアコンをつけすぎると部屋が___。
Even in summer, if you use the air conditioner too much, the room will 'get cold' (冷える).
Choose the correct kanji for 'hie-ru' (to get cold):
冷える (hieru) means 'to get cold' or 'to feel cold'. 冷める (sameru) means 'to cool down' (e.g., food). 凍る (kooru) means 'to freeze'. 寒い (samui) is an adjective meaning 'cold'.
Which sentence correctly uses 冷える?
ビールがよく冷えている (Biiru ga yoku hiete iru) means 'The beer is well chilled/cold'. The other options are grammatically incorrect or use the wrong verb for this context.
What is the polite form of 冷える?
冷えます (hiemasu) is the polite (masu-form) of 冷える. 冷えません is the negative polite form. 冷えたい means 'want to feel cold'. 冷えるな is a casual imperative/exclamation.
「冷える」 can be used when you feel a chill in your body.
Yes, 冷える (hieru) can describe feeling cold, like when your hands or feet get cold. For example, 手足が冷える (teashi ga hieru) means 'my hands and feet get cold'.
「冷える」 is typically used to describe a person feeling cold in general, like 'I am cold' (寒い).
While 冷える can describe a part of your body getting cold or feeling a chill, 寒い (samui) is generally used to say 'I am cold' or 'It is cold (weather)'. 冷える often implies a process of getting cold or a specific part of the body.
You can use 「冷える」 to say that a hot drink has cooled down.
No, when a hot drink or food cools down, the verb 冷める (sameru) is used. 冷える is more about something becoming cold or chilled, or a person feeling a chill.
What does the speaker say about today's weather?
What does the speaker suggest doing because their feet are cold?
How is the beer described?
Read this aloud:
外は寒いので、体が冷えます。
Focus: ひえます (hiemasu)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
風邪をひかないように、体を冷やさないでください。
Focus: ひやさないで (hiyasanai de)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
冷たい飲み物が好きです。
Focus: つめたい (tsumetai)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
The particles が and は mark the topic or subject. Adverbs like よく often precede the verb. Here, 冷えている is the verb in its -teiru form, indicating a state.
The topic 今日は (today) comes first. 足が (my feet) is the subject of the verb 冷える (get cold).
寒いので (because it's cold) is a causal phrase. 体が (my body) is the subject, and 冷えます is the polite form of the verb.
冬になると、外の空気が___。
「冷える」は、気温が下がる、寒くなるという意味で使われます。冬の空気は寒くなるので、「冷える」が適切です。
長時間外にいたので、体がすっかり___しまった。
「冷える」の連用形「冷え」が「てしまう」と組み合わさって、体が寒くなってしまった状況を表します。
この部屋は暖房がないので、夜にはかなり___。
暖房がない部屋は夜になると寒くなるので、「冷えます」が適切です。
お風呂から上がると、すぐに___。
お風呂から上がると、体温が外気に触れて下がるので、「体が冷える」が適切です。
急に雨が降ってきて、肌寒く___。
雨が降ると気温が下がり、肌寒くなるため、「冷えてきた」が適切です。
風が強い日は、手足が特に___。
風が強い日は体温が奪われやすいため、手足が寒くなりやすいので、「冷えやすい」が適切です。
今日の朝はとても寒くて、手足が___ました。
「冷える」は「冷たくなる」という意味なので、手足が寒さで冷たくなった状況に合致します。
夏でも、エアコンの効いた部屋に長時間いると体が___ことがあります。
エアコンで体が冷たくなった状態を表すのに「冷える」が適切です。
お風呂上りにアイスクリームを食べると、体が___。
温まった体から熱が奪われ、冷たくなることを「冷える」と表現します。
運動後に冷たい水を飲むと、体が冷えます。
冷たい飲み物を摂取することで体温が下がり、体が冷えると感じるのが一般的です。
夏にクーラーを消して寝ると、体が冷えます。
クーラーを消すと室温が上がり、体が冷えるのではなく暑くなります。
風邪をひいているときに体を温めすぎると、かえって体が冷えます。
風邪の時には体を温めることで症状が和らぐことが多く、温めすぎても体が冷えるということはありません。
The speaker felt cold and drank warm tea.
The room became cold suddenly after opening the window.
The speaker's feet got completely cold from being soaked in the rain.
Read this aloud:
寒い日が続いて、手足が冷える。
Focus: てあしがひえる
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
この季節は風邪をひかないように体を冷やさないでください。
Focus: からだをひやさないでください
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
冷え性の人は冬が特に辛い。
Focus: ひえしょうのひと
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you're checking the temperature of a drink. Describe what you'd say if it's getting cold and you want to warn someone.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この飲み物、冷えてきたから早く飲んだほうがいいよ。 (This drink is getting cold, so you should drink it soon.)
You are making a presentation on how to preserve food. Explain why it's important to prevent food from getting cold too quickly or unevenly.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
食品が急に冷えると、品質が落ちたり味が変わったりすることがあります。 (When food gets cold suddenly, its quality can decrease or its taste can change.)
Describe a situation where someone might feel cold even indoors, and what they might do about it.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
冬に窓を開けっぱなしにすると、室内でも足元から冷えてくることがあります。厚手の靴下を履くなどの対策が必要です。 (If you leave the window open in winter, your feet can get cold even indoors. You need to take measures like wearing thick socks.)
この文章から、夜に何が起こる可能性が高いですか？
Read this passage:
今日の天気予報によると、夜には気温がかなり下がり、東京でも初雪が降る可能性があります。特に電車を待つ間は体が冷えるので、温かい服装でお出かけください。
この文章から、夜に何が起こる可能性が高いですか？
文章に「東京でも初雪が降る可能性があります」と明記されています。(The passage clearly states, 'There is a possibility of the first snow falling even in Tokyo.')
文章に「東京でも初雪が降る可能性があります」と明記されています。(The passage clearly states, 'There is a possibility of the first snow falling even in Tokyo.')
オフィスで体が冷えすぎることを防ぐために推奨されていることは何ですか？
Read this passage:
夏場でもエアコンが効きすぎているオフィスでは、体が冷えすぎて体調を崩す人がいます。ブランケットを持参したり、温かい飲み物を飲んだりして対策をすることが推奨されます。
オフィスで体が冷えすぎることを防ぐために推奨されていることは何ですか？
「ブランケットを持参したり、温かい飲み物を飲んだりして対策をすることが推奨されます」と書かれています。(It is written, 'It is recommended to take measures such as bringing a blanket or drinking warm beverages.')
「ブランケットを持参したり、温かい飲み物を飲んだりして対策をすることが推奨されます」と書かれています。(It is written, 'It is recommended to take measures such as bringing a blanket or drinking warm beverages.')
デジタル機器の使いすぎによる目の「冷え」を改善する方法は何ですか？
Read this passage:
最近、デジタル機器の使いすぎで目が疲れたり、冷えたりする人が増えています。目の疲れは目薬で、冷えは温かいタオルで温めることで改善されることがあります。
デジタル機器の使いすぎによる目の「冷え」を改善する方法は何ですか？
文章に「冷えは温かいタオルで温めることで改善されることがあります」とあります。(The passage states, 'The coldness can sometimes be improved by warming with a warm towel.')
文章に「冷えは温かいタオルで温めることで改善されることがあります」とあります。(The passage states, 'The coldness can sometimes be improved by warming with a warm towel.')
この部屋は暖房がないので、冬はいつも足が____。
「冷える」は「冷たくなる」という意味で、足が冷たくなる状況に合致します。
彼は長い時間外にいたので、体がすっかり____。
「冷え込む」は「非常に冷たくなる」という意味で、長時間外にいた結果として体がとても冷たくなった状況を表します。
お風呂上りに湯冷めしないように、すぐにパジャマを着て体が____のを防ぎましょう。
「湯冷め」は体が冷えることなので、それを防ぐためにすぐにパジャマを着るという文脈に「冷える」が適しています。
夜中に急に気温が下がり、窓を開けっぱなしにしていたため部屋が____。
「冷え切る」は「完全に冷たくなる」という意味で、窓を開けっぱなしにした結果、部屋がとても冷たくなった状況を表現するのに適切です。
急な雨で体が____、風邪をひいてしまった。
雨に濡れると体が冷え、それが風邪の原因になるという文脈なので「冷えて」が適切です。
冷蔵庫にビールを入れておいたので、ちょうどよく____。
冷蔵庫に入れる目的はビールを冷たくすることなので、「冷えている」が適切な表現です。
今日の朝はとても___ので、厚いセーターを着ました。
「冷え込む」は「非常に寒くなる」という意味で、セーターを着る状況に最も適しています。
彼女は体が___やすいので、冬は特に気を付けている。
「冷えやすい」は「体が冷たくなりやすい」という意味で、冬に気を付ける状況に合っています。
エアコンの風が直接当たって、足元が___。
「冷え切る」は「完全に冷たくなる」という意味で、エアコンの風で足元が冷たくなる状況に最適です。
冷えたビールは、温かいビールよりも美味しいと感じる人が多い。
一般的に、ビールは冷やして飲むのが好まれるため、この文は正しいです。
お風呂で体を温めると、風邪をひきやすくなる。
お風呂で体を温めることは、風邪の予防や症状の緩和に役立つとされています。体を冷やすことで風邪をひきやすくなります。
運動後に体を冷やすと、筋肉の回復が早まる。
運動後に体を急激に冷やすと、筋肉が収縮し、血行が悪くなるため、筋肉の回復が遅れることがあります。クールダウンは必要ですが、急激な冷却は避けるべきです。
The winter cold is expected to be more severe than usual this year.
My bottom got completely cold because I was sitting for a long time.
People with poor circulation sometimes feel their hands and feet are cold even in summer.
Read this aloud:
最近、夜になると急に冷え込むようになりましたね。
Focus: ひえこむ
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
クーラーの効いた部屋に長時間いると体が冷えてしまいます。
Focus: からだがひえる
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
冷える前に温かい飲み物を飲みましょう。
Focus: ひえるまえに
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Imagine you're planning a winter trip to Hokkaido. Describe what you'd pack to avoid getting cold. Use 冷える in your answer at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
北海道への冬の旅行では、体が冷えないように、厚手の防寒着、手袋、マフラーを必ず持っていきます。特に足元から冷えることが多いので、暖かい靴下と防水のブーツも必須です。
Write a short email to a friend who is feeling under the weather, suggesting ways to warm up and recover. Use 冷える in your email.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
お元気ですか？体が冷えると感じたら、温かいお茶やスープを飲んで体を温めてくださいね。湯船にゆっくり浸かるのもいいですよ。早く良くなることを願っています。お大事に！
Describe a common situation in Japan where you might hear someone say that something 'has gotten cold' (冷えた). What are they usually referring to?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
日本では、夏に冷えたビールやお茶を飲むのが一般的です。また、食卓に出した料理が時間が経って冷えてしまった時にも「冷えちゃったね」などと言います。
この文章から、夜に体が冷えることを防ぐために最も効果的な対策はどれですか？
Read this passage:
今日の天気予報によると、夜には気温がかなり下がり、体が冷えると感じるかもしれません。特に手足の末端から冷えやすいので、外出する際は暖かい手袋と靴下を着用することをお勧めします。また、温かい飲み物で内側から体を温めるのも効果的です。
この文章から、夜に体が冷えることを防ぐために最も効果的な対策はどれですか？
文章中には「特に手足の末端から冷えやすいので、外出する際は暖かい手袋と靴下を着用することをお勧めします」と明記されています。
文章中には「特に手足の末端から冷えやすいので、外出する際は暖かい手袋と靴下を着用することをお勧めします」と明記されています。
この文章が示唆する、登山中に体温が奪われる主な原因は何ですか？
Read this passage:
登山中は、標高が高くなるにつれて気温が急激に下がり、体温が奪われやすくなります。適切な防寒具を着用しないと、体全体が冷えるだけでなく、低体温症のリスクも高まります。こまめに休憩を取り、温かいものを摂取することも重要です。
この文章が示唆する、登山中に体温が奪われる主な原因は何ですか？
文章中には「標高が高くなるにつれて気温が急激に下がり、体温が奪われやすくなります」と明確に述べられています。
文章中には「標高が高くなるにつれて気温が急激に下がり、体温が奪われやすくなります」と明確に述べられています。
この文章で「体の芯から温まることができた」のは、何をした後ですか？
Read this passage:
冬の早朝、縁側で新聞を読んでいると、足元からじわじわと冷えるのを感じる。温かいお茶を淹れてもらい、ようやく体の芯から温まることができた。昔ながらの日本の家屋では、このような経験がよくある。
この文章で「体の芯から温まることができた」のは、何をした後ですか？
文章中には「温かいお茶を淹れてもらい、ようやく体の芯から温まることができた」とあります。
文章中には「温かいお茶を淹れてもらい、ようやく体の芯から温まることができた」とあります。
空気が乾燥している冬の夜は、暖房をつけないとすぐに部屋が___。
文脈から、冬の夜に暖房をつけないと部屋の温度が下がることを示唆しているので、「冷える」（冷たくなる）が正しいです。
長時間エアコンの効いた部屋にいると、体の芯まで___感じがする。
エアコンの効いた部屋に長時間いると、体温が下がるので、「冷える」（体が冷たくなる）が適切です。
冷蔵庫から出したばかりのビールは、まだ___ているので、もう少し置いてから飲もう。
冷蔵庫から出したばかりの飲み物は、すでに冷たい状態なので、「冷えている」（冷たくなっている）が自然です。
お風呂から上がった後、すぐに服を着ないと体が冷えやすい。
お風呂で温まった体が、服を着ずにいると外気で冷えやすくなるという状況は「冷える」の自然な使い方です。
夏にクーラーを強くかけすぎると、足元から体が冷えることがある。
夏のクーラーで体が冷えることはよくある状況で、「冷える」が適切に使われています。
運動すると体が冷える。
運動すると体温が上がるので、体が冷えるということはありません。この文脈では「冷える」は不適切です。
The speaker mentions feeling cold and drinking warm tea.
The speaker is advising about cold mornings and evenings.
The speaker is asking for something to be put in the refrigerator to get cold.
Read this aloud:
外の空気が冷たくなってきたので、コートを着ました。
Focus: 冷たくなってきた (tsumetaku natte kita)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
この季節は足元が冷えやすいので、暖かい靴下を履きましょう。
Focus: 冷えやすい (hieyasui)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
冷えたビールは夏の暑い日に最高ですね。
Focus: 冷えたビール (hieta biiru)
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Explain the subtle difference between '冷える' (hieru) and '冷める' (sameru) when talking about objects or food getting cold. Provide examples for each.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
冷える (hieru) often implies a gradual, natural process of something getting cold, or the sensation of feeling cold. For example, 部屋が冷えてきた (Heya ga hiete kita - The room has gotten cold). 冷める (sameru) typically refers to something that was once warm or hot losing its heat, often implying a change in state like coffee getting cold after being brewed. For example, コーヒーが冷めてしまった (Kōhī ga samete shimatta - The coffee has gotten cold).
Describe a scenario where you would use '体が冷える' (karada ga hieru) to express a physical sensation, and elaborate on the potential implications of that sensation in a cultural context (e.g., health beliefs).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私は冬の夜に薄着で外を歩いた後、体が冷えることがあります (Watashi wa fuyu no yoru ni usugi de soto o aruita ato, karada ga hieru koto ga arimasu - After walking outside in thin clothes on a winter night, my body sometimes gets cold). 日本では、「体が冷える」ことは体調を崩す原因と考えられがちです。特に女性は、冷え性（hieshō - sensitivity to cold）という言葉があるほど、体を温めることが重視されます。温かい飲み物を飲んだり、お風呂にゆっくり浸かったりして、体を冷やさないように心がけます (In Japan, 'karada ga hieru' is often considered a cause of poor health. Especially for women, there's even a term 'hieshō' (sensitivity to cold), highlighting the importance of keeping the body warm. People make an effort not to let their bodies get cold by drinking warm beverages or taking long baths).
Imagine you are writing a detailed instruction manual for a new appliance. Write a warning using '冷える' in a passive or causative form, explaining a condition that could cause damage if the appliance gets too cold. Include specific technical details.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
本製品を極端に冷える環境で使用されますと、内部に結露が発生し、電気回路がショートする恐れがあります。特に、急激な温度変化は避けてください。保管時も、温度が0℃以下に冷やされる場所は避けてください。故障の原因となります (If this product is used in an extremely cold environment, condensation may form inside, potentially causing a short circuit in the electrical circuits. Please avoid sudden temperature changes in particular. Even during storage, avoid locations where the temperature drops below 0℃, as this may lead to malfunction).
この文章から、「冷房病」の原因として最も適切でないものはどれですか？
Read this passage:
日本の夏は非常に暑く湿度が高いことで知られています。しかし、オフィスや電車の中では冷房が強く効きすぎていることがよくあります。外との温度差が激しいため、通勤中に体が冷えて体調を崩す人が少なくありません。このような状況を「冷房病」（reibōbyō）と呼ぶこともあります。
この文章から、「冷房病」の原因として最も適切でないものはどれですか？
文章では、冷房病の原因として「外との温度差が激しいため、通勤中に体が冷えて体調を崩す」と述べられています。日本の夏の湿度が高いことは言及されていますが、それが直接的な冷房病の原因とはされていません。
文章では、冷房病の原因として「外との温度差が激しいため、通勤中に体が冷えて体調を崩す」と述べられています。日本の夏の湿度が高いことは言及されていますが、それが直接的な冷房病の原因とはされていません。
伝統的な家屋において、人々が室内が冷えることに対してどのような対策をしていたと推測できますか？
Read this passage:
伝統的な日本の家屋では、冬になると隙間風が入り込みやすく、室内が冷えることが一般的でした。そのため、人々はこたつや火鉢などを使い、部分的に体を温める工夫をしてきました。現代の住宅は断熱性が向上していますが、それでも窓際などは冷えやすい傾向にあります。
伝統的な家屋において、人々が室内が冷えることに対してどのような対策をしていたと推測できますか？
文章には「こたつや火鉢などを使い、部分的に体を温める工夫をしてきました」と明記されています。
文章には「こたつや火鉢などを使い、部分的に体を温める工夫をしてきました」と明記されています。
この文脈において「士気も冷え始めていた」という表現が示唆する状況として最も適切なものは何ですか？
Read this passage:
プロジェクトの進行状況は思わしくなく、チーム内の士気も冷え始めていた。何度も議論を重ねたが、具体的な解決策は見つからず、このままでは計画全体の遅延は避けられないだろう。最終期限まであとわずかしか残されていない。
この文脈において「士気も冷え始めていた」という表現が示唆する状況として最も適切なものは何ですか？
「士気（しき）」はやる気や意気込みを意味します。「士気が冷える」という表現は、熱意やモチベーションが失われ、低迷している状態を比喩的に表しています。
「士気（しき）」はやる気や意気込みを意味します。「士気が冷える」という表現は、熱意やモチベーションが失われ、低迷している状態を比喩的に表しています。
This sentence describes how a sudden change in temperature can cause one's body to feel very cold. '急激な温度変化' (kyūgekina ondo henka) means 'sudden temperature change', '体が冷え込む' (karada ga hiekomu) means 'one's body gets very cold', and 'ことがあります' (koto ga arimasu) means 'there are times when it happens'. The word order is crucial for conveying this meaning correctly.
This sentence illustrates extreme coldness. '長時間の屋外作業' (chōjikan no okugai sagyō) means 'long hours of outdoor work'. '手足が冷え切って' (teashi ga hiekitte) means 'hands and feet are completely frozen', using '冷え切る' (hiekiru) to emphasize the intensity. '感覚がなくなりました' (kankaku ga nakunarimashita) means 'lost sensation'. The order follows a cause-and-effect structure.
This sentence describes the sensation of cold as wind starts to blow. '冷たい風が吹き始めると' (tsumetai kaze ga fukihajimeru to) means 'when the cold wind started to blow'. '肌がひんやりと冷える' (hada ga hinyari to hieru) means 'skin felt a slight chill', with 'ひんやりと' (hinyari to) being an onomatopoeia for a cool sensation. '感じる' (kanjiru) means 'to feel'. The sentence flows chronologically.
/ 144 correct
Perfect score!
Basic Meaning of HIERU
冷える (ひえる - hieru) means "to get cold" or "to feel cold." It's often used when something becomes cold or when you feel cold.
Use for Objects and Weather
You can use 冷える for objects, like food or drinks, that are getting cold, or for the weather when it's turning cold. For example, 「ビールが冷える」 (Beer gets cold) or 「今日は冷えるね」 (It's cold today, isn't it?).
Use for Your Body
It's also used to describe a part of your body feeling cold. For instance, 「足が冷える」 (My feet feel cold) or 「体が冷える」 (My body feels cold).
Automatic Action, Not Intentional
冷える implies something getting cold on its own, or you feeling cold naturally. It's not about intentionally making something cold. For that, you'd use 冷やす (ひやす - hiyasu).
उदाहरण
足が冷える。
संबंधित सामग्री
यह शब्द अन्य भाषाओं में
daily_life के और शब्द
もう少し
B1A little more.
じゅうしょ
A2The particulars of the place where someone lives.
住所
A2address, residence
～後
A2after
目覚まし
B1Alarm clock. A clock that makes a noise to wake someone up.
目覚まし時計
B1An alarm clock.
ひとりで
A2Alone.
~のに
B1Even though; despite (particle/conjunction).
ごぜん
A2Morning (a.m.).
煩い
B1Noisy; annoying.
