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A2 noun #3,500 よく出る 11分で読める

단축

danchuk 上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント 단축 30秒で

解説 단축 in your Level:

The word '단축' (danchuk) means 'to make something shorter.' Even though it is a bit of a difficult word for beginners, you might hear it at school or when talking about time. Think of it like this: if your class is usually 50 minutes long, but today it is only 30 minutes, that is '단축.' In Korean, we say '단축 수업' (shortened class). It is most often used with '시간' (time). You can say '시간 단축' to mean 'making the time shorter.' Beginners should remember that it's mostly about time and distance, not about making your clothes or hair shorter. For clothes, you use another word. '단축' is a noun, but if you add '하다' (to do), it becomes a verb: '단축하다' (to shorten). If you add '되다' (to become), it becomes '단축되다' (to be shortened). For example, '시간이 단축되었어요' means 'The time was shortened.' This is very useful when you find a faster way to go to school or finish your homework quickly.

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At the A2 level, you should understand that '단축' (shortening) is a formal word used for efficiency. It comes from two Chinese characters: '단' (short) and '축' (shrink). You will often see it in compound nouns. A very common one is '단축키' (danchuk-ki), which means 'shortcut key' on a computer. If you press 'Ctrl + C' instead of clicking 'Copy' in a menu, you are using a '단축키' to save time. Another common use is '거리 단축' (shortening distance). If you take a shortcut, the distance is shortened. In Korea, you might see '단축 수업' on the news when there is a lot of snow or a holiday. It's important to know that '단축' is usually a good thing—it means things are happening faster or more efficiently. However, it can also be used for '수명 단축' (shortening of life), which is used in health warnings. Try to use it when talking about your commute or your study schedule. For example, '인터넷 덕분에 정보 찾는 시간이 단축되었어요' (Thanks to the internet, the time for finding information has been shortened).

For B1 learners, '단축' becomes an essential word for discussing work, sports, and social issues. You will frequently encounter it in the context of '근로 시간 단축' (reduction of working hours), which is a major topic in Korean society. This refers to the legal shortening of the work week to improve work-life balance. In sports, '기록 단축' is the standard way to say someone broke a record or improved their time. Notice the nuance: '단축' implies a reduction of a span or duration. It's different from '축소' (reduction in scale) and '절약' (saving). If you use a faster processor, the '처리 시간' (processing time) is '단축'ed. If you use less money, the '비용' (cost) is '절감'ed or '절약'ed. You should also be comfortable using the passive form '단축되다.' For instance, in a sentence like '신기술 개발로 인해 생산 공정이 획기적으로 단축되었다' (With the development of new technology, the production process has been drastically shortened). This level of vocabulary allows you to describe improvements in efficiency and systemic changes in a professional manner.

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At the B2 level, you should be able to use '단축' in complex sentences and understand its role in formal documents. It is often used in the phrase '공기 단축' (shortening the construction period) in engineering and business. Here, '공기' is short for '공사 기간.' Shortening the construction period is usually a goal for developers to save money. You will also see '절차 단축' (shortening of procedures), meaning the removal of red tape or bureaucratic steps to make a process faster. In medical or biological contexts, '수명 단축' (shortening of lifespan) is used to discuss the effects of stress or disease. You should also recognize the word in the context of '단축 마라톤' (a shortened marathon or mini-marathon). When writing, use '단축' to demonstrate a sophisticated grasp of Sino-Korean vocabulary. Instead of saying '시간이 줄어들었어요' (the time decreased), saying '시간이 단축되었습니다' sounds much more professional and precise. It shows you are focusing on the optimization of a duration. Be careful not to use it for 'abbreviations' of words; for that, use '약어' or '줄임말'.

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As a C1 learner, you should appreciate the subtle connotations of '단축' in various professional fields. In the realm of computer science, '알고리즘의 실행 시간 단축' (shortening the execution time of an algorithm) is a key metric of performance. In logistics, '배송 경로 단축' (shortening delivery routes) is a primary objective for maximizing profit. You should also be aware of the social-political nuances of '근로 시간 단축.' It isn't just about working less; it’s a structural change in the labor market. You might encounter academic papers discussing '반응 시간 단축' (shortening of response time) in psychological experiments. Furthermore, understand the derivation: the '축' (縮) in '단축' is the same '축' in '수축' (contraction) and '압축' (compression). This helps you link '단축' to a broader family of words involving making things smaller or tighter. In your own output, use '단축' to describe any scenario where a temporal or spatial gap is narrowed through effort, technology, or planning. For example, '동서 간의 심리적 거리를 단축하기 위한 노력이 필요하다' (Efforts are needed to shorten the psychological distance between the East and the West).

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At the C2 level, you should have a native-like intuition for when '단축' is the only appropriate word. You understand its role in high-level discourse, such as economic policy debates regarding '노동 시간 단축의 경제적 파급 효과' (the economic ripple effects of shortening labor hours). You can use it metaphorically, as in '기술의 진보는 인류의 미래를 단축시키고 있다' (Technological progress is shortening [bringing closer] the future of humanity). You should also be familiar with its appearance in classical-style four-character idioms or highly technical jargon, such as '단축형' (shortened form) in specific technical specifications. Your mastery includes knowing when *not* to use it, avoiding it in favor of '축소,' '절감,' or '완화' depending on the specific type of reduction being discussed. You can effortlessly switch between '단축' as a noun, '단축하다' as an active verb, and '단축시키다' as a causative verb to add variety and precision to your speech. In a debate, you might argue that '단순한 시간 단축보다는 업무의 질적 향상이 병행되어야 한다' (Rather than simple time reduction, qualitative improvement of work must be carried out in parallel).

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練習する例文メモとヒント

단축 30秒で

단축 means 'shortening' or 'reduction' specifically for time, distance, or procedures.
It is a Sino-Korean word used frequently in formal contexts like news, sports, and business.
Commonly paired with verbs like 하다 (to shorten) or 되다 (to be shortened).
Key phrases include '시간 단축' (time reduction) and '단축키' (shortcut key).

The Korean word 단축 (danchuk) is a powerful Sino-Korean noun that translates to "shortening," "reduction," or "contraction." Derived from the Hanja characters 短 (단 - short) and 縮 (축 - shrink), it specifically refers to the intentional or consequential act of making something shorter than its original or expected length. Unlike general words for 'small' or 'less,' 단축 specifically targets dimensions of time, distance, and procedural duration. Imagine a bridge being built; if the engineers find a way to finish it two months early, they have achieved 공기 단축 (shortening of the construction period). If a runner beats their previous record, they have achieved 기록 단축 (shortening of the record time). This word is ubiquitous in professional, academic, and daily life contexts where efficiency and speed are valued. It is not used for physical objects like shortening a piece of string or a pair of pants (for which you would use '줄이다'), but rather for abstract concepts of span and reach.

Temporal Reduction: This is the most common usage. It refers to reducing the time taken for a task, such as '시간 단축' (saving time) in a workflow or '근무 시간 단축' (reduction of working hours) in a labor context.

새로운 고속도로 덕분에 서울에서 부산까지의 이동 시간이 크게 단축되었습니다.

Translation: Thanks to the new highway, the travel time from Seoul to Busan has been greatly shortened.

Beyond time, 단축 is used for distance. When a new tunnel is bored through a mountain, the physical distance between two points is '단축'ed. It carries a nuance of optimization. In the modern Korean economy, '단축' is often discussed in the context of the '주 52시간 근무제' (52-hour work week), where the focus is on '근로 시간 단축' (reduction of labor hours) to improve quality of life. In sports, especially track and field or swimming, the term '기록 단축' is the ultimate goal, representing the shaving off of seconds or milliseconds from a previous best performance. It is a word of progress and refinement.

Spatial Reduction: Used when the physical length of a route or path is minimized, often through engineering or finding a shortcut. '거리 단축' is the standard term here.

기술의 발전은 제조 공정의 단축을 가져왔습니다.

Translation: Technological advances have brought about a shortening of the manufacturing process.

In everyday speech, you might encounter '단축키' (danchuk-ki), which means 'shortcut key' on a computer keyboard. Here, the idea is shortening the process of navigating menus to a single button press. This highlights the word's association with efficiency. Furthermore, in educational settings, '단축 수업' (shortened classes) occurs when school ends early due to extreme weather or special events. Understanding 단축 is essential for navigating news reports about labor laws, infrastructure projects, and technological breakthroughs in South Korea.

Process Optimization: Refers to removing unnecessary steps in a workflow to reach the end goal faster. '절차 단축' means simplifying or shortening procedures.

그 선수는 자신의 최고 기록을 1초 단축하는 데 성공했다.

Translation: The athlete succeeded in shortening their personal best record by one second.

폭설로 인해 오늘 학교는 단축 수업을 실시합니다.

Translation: Due to heavy snow, the school is implementing shortened classes today.

Using 단축 (danchuk) correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility. As a noun, it often pairs with the light verb 하다 to form 단축하다 (to shorten something - active) or 되다 to form 단축되다 (to be shortened - passive). Because it is a Sino-Korean word, it carries a formal and precise tone, making it suitable for news, business reports, and formal presentations. However, it is simple enough that it appears in daily conversations regarding travel times or work schedules.

Active Form: 단축하다: Used when a person, company, or technology actively reduces the length of something. Example: '회사는 제작 기간을 단축했다' (The company shortened the production period).

우리는 배송 시간을 단축하기 위해 새로운 시스템을 도입했습니다.

Translation: We introduced a new system to shorten the delivery time.

When using the passive form 단축되다, the focus is on the result or the thing that has become shorter. This is very common when talking about travel times or schedules that have changed due to external factors. For instance, '비행 시간이 1시간 단축되었다' (The flight time was shortened by one hour). Note that the particle -이/가 is used with the subject that is being shortened in the passive voice, whereas -을/를 is used in the active voice.

Passive Form: 단축되다: Used when the focus is on the shortening itself rather than the actor. Example: '수명이 단축되다' (Lifespan is being shortened).

직행 열차를 타면 이동 시간이 30분 단축됩니다.

Translation: If you take the express train, the travel time will be shortened by 30 minutes.

Another important usage is the noun-noun compound. You will often see '단축' combined directly with other nouns to create specific terms. For example, 단축키 (shortcut key), 단축 수업 (shortened class), 단축 근무 (shortened work shift). In these cases, it acts as a modifier. When writing formally, ensure you maintain the distinction between 단축 and synonyms like 절약 (saving). You '단축' a period of time, but you '절약' money or resources.

Compound Nouns: 단축 + Noun. Common examples: 단축키 (shortcut key), 단축 마라톤 (shortened marathon/mini-marathon).

컴퓨터 작업 속도를 높이려면 단축키를 외우는 것이 좋습니다.

Translation: To speed up your computer work, it is good to memorize shortcut keys.

정부는 근로 시간 단축에 관한 법안을 통과시켰다.

Translation: The government passed a bill regarding the reduction of working hours.

You will encounter 단축 (danchuk) in several specific real-world domains in South Korea. The most prominent is the news and media. Whenever there is a discussion about labor laws, you will hear the phrase '근로 시간 단축' (reduction in working hours). This is a major social issue in Korea as the country moves away from its long-standing culture of overwork. Reporters and politicians use this term to describe the transition to a 52-hour work week or the implementation of four-day work weeks.

News & Labor: Frequent in discussions about work-life balance (워라밸) and legal changes to work hours. Example: '법정 근로 시간 단축'.

뉴스에서 이번 분기 근로 시간 단축의 효과에 대해 보도했다.

Translation: The news reported on the effects of the reduction in working hours this quarter.

In the transportation and urban planning sector, 단축 is used to describe the benefits of new infrastructure. If a new subway line opens, the city government will advertise how much the '출퇴근 시간' (commuting time) has been '단축'ed. Public announcements on buses or subways might mention route changes that lead to '운행 거리 단축' (reduction in operating distance), which often implies faster service for passengers.

Transportation: Used in announcements about new roads, bridges, or subway lines. Example: '구간 단축' (shortening of a section/segment).

The sports world is another major arena for this word. Commentators during the Olympics or national championships will constantly talk about '기록 단축'. If a swimmer finishes 0.5 seconds faster than the world record, it's a monumental '기록 단축'. It conveys the sense of pushing human limits and achieving higher efficiency in movement. Similarly, in the tech industry, software developers aim for '실행 시간 단축' (shortening execution time) to make apps faster and more responsive.

Technology & Gaming: Refers to loading times, processing speeds, or 'cool-down' times for skills in video games (though '쿨타임' is also used, '대기 시간 단축' is the formal term).

이 소프트웨어 업데이트는 부팅 시간을 5초 단축시킵니다.

Translation: This software update shortens the booting time by 5 seconds.

Lastly, in education, students love the word because of '단축 수업'. When there's a heatwave, a severe cold snap, or a teacher's conference, the school might decide to shorten each class by 10 minutes and let students go home early. You'll hear students excitedly whispering, "오늘 단축 수업한대!" (They say we're having shortened classes today!). It’s a word associated with a bit of unexpected free time in a student's busy life.

올림픽에서 한국 수영 선수가 아시아 신기록을 단축하며 금메달을 땄다.

Translation: At the Olympics, a Korean swimmer won the gold medal while shortening the Asian record.

While 단축 (danchuk) is a versatile word, English speakers often misapply it by confusing it with other Korean words for 'reduction' or 'shortening.' The most frequent mistake is using 단축 for physical length of objects. If you want to shorten a pencil, a piece of string, or your hair, you cannot use '단축'. Instead, you should use the verb 줄이다 (to reduce/shorten) or 자르다 (to cut). 단축 is reserved for abstract spans like time, distance, and procedures.

Mistake 1: Physical Objects: Incorrect: 바지 길이를 단축했어요. (I shortened the pants length.)
Correct: 바지 길이를 줄였어요.

머리카락을 단축하고 싶어요. (X) -> 머리카락을 자르고 싶어요. (O)

Explanation: You cut (자르다) or shorten (줄이다) hair, but you don't 'danchuk' it.

Another common area of confusion is between 단축 and 축소 (chukso). While both involve making something smaller, 축소 is used for size, scale, volume, or budget. If a company reduces its department size, that is '조직 축소'. If they reduce their budget, that is '예산 축소'. If they reduce the number of employees, that is '인원 축소'. 단축 is strictly for the 'length' of time or distance. Using 단축 for a budget would sound very unnatural to a native speaker.

Mistake 2: Scale vs. Time: Incorrect: 예산 단축 (Budget shortening)
Correct: 예산 축소 (Budget reduction/downsizing)

The third mistake involves linguistic abbreviations. English speakers might think '단축' is the word for shortening a name or a word (like 'K-pop' for 'Korean Pop'). However, the correct Korean term for a linguistic abbreviation is 약칭 (yakching) or 줄임말 (jurimmal). While a 'shortcut key' is '단축키', the act of shortening a word itself is not '단축'. This is a subtle distinction but important for sounding like a proficient speaker.

Mistake 3: Word Abbreviations: Incorrect: 이름을 단축해서 불러주세요. (Shorten my name and call me.)
Correct: 이름을 줄여서 불러주세요. (Shorten my name - using the verb '줄이다').

이 단어의 단축형은 무엇인가요? (X) -> 이 단어의 약칭은 무엇인가요? (O)

Explanation: Use '약칭' or '약어' for abbreviations of words.

Finally, be careful with the direction of the shortening. '단축' always implies a positive or neutral efficiency, or a reduction in lifespan (negative). It is rarely used for 'cutting short' an event in a rude way. If you leave a meeting early because you are bored, you wouldn't say you '단축'ed the meeting; you might say you '일찍 나왔다' (left early) or '중단했다' (stopped in the middle). '단축' implies a systemic or planned reduction.

To truly master 단축 (danchuk), you must be able to distinguish it from its synonyms and related terms. Korean has a rich vocabulary for 'reduction,' and choosing the right one depends on the context and the 'what' being reduced. Below is a comparison of the most common alternatives.

단축 (Shortening) vs. 축소 (Reduction in Scale): 단축: Focuses on length (time, distance). Example: 시간 단축 (time reduction).
축소: Focuses on size, scope, or volume. Example: 규모 축소 (downsizing the scale).

회사는 사업 규모를 축소하고 개발 기간을 단축했다.

Translation: The company reduced the business scale and shortened the development period.

Another similar word is 절약 (jeoryak). While '단축' means making the length shorter, '절약' means to save or conserve resources so they are not wasted. You '단축' a commute time (the duration becomes shorter), but you '절약' energy or money (you use less of it). Sometimes they overlap: '시간을 단축하다' (shorten the time) often results in '시간을 절약하다' (saving time), but the focus of '단축' is the physical or temporal length, while '절약' is about the act of saving.

단축 vs. 절약 (Saving/Conservation): 단축: The process itself becomes shorter. Example: 공정 단축 (shortening the process).
절약: You use less of something to be thrifty. Example: 비용 절약 (saving costs).

For physical objects, as mentioned before, the native Korean verb 줄이다 (jurida) is the go-to word. It is more general and can be used for time, size, volume, and length. However, '줄이다' is less formal than '단축'. In a casual setting, you might say '시간을 줄여야 해요' (We need to reduce the time), but in a formal report, you would write '시간 단축이 필요합니다' (Time reduction is necessary).

단축 vs. 생략 (Omission): 생략: To skip or omit something entirely to make it shorter. Example: 불필요한 절차 생략 (skipping unnecessary steps).
단축: To keep the steps but make them faster/shorter.

인사말은 생략하고 바로 본론으로 들어가겠습니다.

Translation: I will omit the greetings and go straight to the main point.

In summary, choose 단축 when you are talking about the duration of a process, the time of an event, or the distance of a route being optimized. It is the most professional and precise word for 'shortening' in those specific contexts. If you are talking about making a cake smaller or a budget tighter, look toward 축소 or 줄이다.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character 縮 (축) also appears in the word for 'shrunk' or 'withdrawn' personality (위축). It implies a pulling together or tightening.

発音ガイド

UK /dɐn.tɕʰuk̚/

US /dɑn.tʃuk̚/

Stress is equal on both syllables, as is typical for Korean nouns.

韻が合う語

압축 (ap-chuk) - compression 수축 (su-chuk) - contraction 농축 (nong-chuk) - concentration 구축 (gu-chuk) - construction/establishment 신축 (sin-chuk) - expansion and contraction 보축 (bo-chuk) - supplementation 증축 (jeung-chuk) - adding a floor/extension 개축 (gae-chuk) - renovation

よくある間違い

Pronouncing '단' as 'dan' (rhyming with 'can'). It should be closer to 'don' or 'dun'.
Failing to aspirate the 'ㅊ' in '축'.
Releasing the final 'ㄱ' sound. It should be an unreleased stop.
Confusing it with '단추' (button), which lacks the final 'k' sound.
Pronouncing the 'u' like the English 'u' in 'up'; it should be 'u' like in 'put'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in news headlines and compound words.

ライティング 4/5

Requires knowledge of Hanja-based noun-verb transformations.

スピーキング 3/5

Common in daily life (shortcut keys, commuting).

リスニング 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but can be confused with '단추' (button).

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

시간 (Time) 거리 (Distance) 짧다 (To be short) 줄이다 (To reduce)

次に学ぶ

축소 (Reduction in scale) 연장 (Extension) 효율 (Efficiency) 절약 (Saving)

上級

압축 (Compression) 감축 (Cutback) 절감 (Cost-cutting) 수축 (Contraction)

知っておくべき文法

Noun + 하다 (Active Verb formation)

단축 + 하다 = 단축하다 (to shorten)

Noun + 되다 (Passive Verb formation)

단축 + 되다 = 단축되다 (to be shortened)

Noun + 시키다 (Causative Verb formation)

단축 + 시키다 = 단축시키다 (to make [something] shorter)

-으로 인해 (Cause/Reason)

폭설로 인해 단축 수업을 합니다.

-기 위해 (Purpose)

시간을 단축하기 위해 택시를 탔어요.

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レベル別の例文

오늘 학교에서 단축 수업을 해요.

Today at school, we have shortened classes.

단축 수업 is a common compound noun for 'shortened class'.

시간을 단축하고 싶어요.

I want to shorten the time.

시간 (time) + 을 (object particle) + 단축 (shortening) + 하고 싶어요 (want to do).

이 길로 가면 거리가 단축돼요.

If you go this way, the distance is shortened.

단축돼요 is the present tense of 단축되다 (to be shortened).

컴퓨터 단축키를 배워요.

I learn computer shortcut keys.

단축키 is the Korean word for 'shortcut key'.

공부 시간을 단축했어요.

I shortened my study time.

단축했어요 is the past tense of 단축하다.

버스가 와서 시간이 단축되었어요.

The bus came, so the time was shortened.

The passive form 단축되다 is used here for the time being reduced.

청소 시간을 단축합시다.

Let's shorten the cleaning time.

-읍시다/봅시다 is the 'let's' ending.

이 방법은 시간을 단축해 줘요.

This method shortens the time for me.

-어 주다 indicates doing something for someone's benefit.

새로운 고속열차는 여행 시간을 단축시킵니다.

The new high-speed train shortens travel time.

단축시키다 is the causative form, meaning 'to make something shorter'.

업무 시간을 단축해서 가족과 시간을 보내요.

I shorten my work hours and spend time with my family.

-어서/아서 is used to show a sequence of actions.

단축키를 사용하면 작업이 빨라져요.

If you use shortcut keys, the work becomes faster.

-면 (if) + 빨라져요 (becomes fast).

비행기 노선이 단축되어 편리해졌습니다.

The flight route was shortened, so it became convenient.

-어/아지다 indicates a change in state.

운동 선수는 기록 단축을 위해 매일 연습해요.

The athlete practices every day to shorten their record.

-을 위해 means 'for the sake of'.

배달 시간을 단축하는 것이 우리의 목표입니다.

Shortening delivery time is our goal.

-는 것 turns the verb into a noun phrase.

요리 시간을 단축하는 팁을 알려주세요.

Please tell me tips for shortening cooking time.

-아/어 주세요 is a polite request.

기온이 너무 낮아서 단축 수업을 결정했습니다.

Because the temperature was too low, they decided on shortened classes.

-아서/어서 indicates a reason.

정부는 근로 시간 단축을 통해 일자리를 늘리려고 합니다.

The government intends to increase jobs through the reduction of working hours.

-을 통해 means 'through' or 'by means of'.

터널 공사로 인해 서울과 강원도 사이의 거리가 단축되었습니다.

Due to the tunnel construction, the distance between Seoul and Gangwon-do was shortened.

-로 인해 means 'due to' or 'because of'.

마라톤 선수가 세계 기록을 10초나 단축했습니다.

The marathon runner shortened the world record by as much as 10 seconds.

The particle '나' emphasizes the surprising amount (10 seconds).

불필요한 회의를 줄여서 업무 효율을 높이고 시간을 단축합시다.

Let's increase work efficiency and shorten time by reducing unnecessary meetings.

-고 connects two related actions/goals.

스트레스는 사람의 수명을 단축시키는 주요 원인입니다.

Stress is a major cause that shortens a person's lifespan.

-는 (adjective/modifier form) + 원인 (cause).

이 소프트웨어는 데이터 처리 시간을 획기적으로 단축해 줍니다.

This software drastically shortens the data processing time.

획기적으로 means 'drastically' or 'groundbreakingly'.

공사 기간을 단축하기 위해 밤낮으로 일하고 있습니다.

They are working day and night to shorten the construction period.

밤낮으로 means 'day and night' or 'around the clock'.

출퇴근 시간 단축은 직장인들의 삶의 질을 높여 줍니다.

Shortening commute times improves the quality of life for office workers.

삶의 질 means 'quality of life'.

신기술의 도입으로 생산 공정이 기존보다 30% 단축되었다.

With the introduction of new technology, the production process was shortened by 30% compared to before.

기존보다 means 'than the existing/previous one'.

그는 꾸준한 훈련 끝에 자신의 최고 기록을 단축하는 쾌거를 이루었다.

After steady training, he achieved the feat of shortening his personal best record.

쾌거를 이루다 is an idiomatic expression for 'achieving a great feat'.

법정 근로 시간의 단축은 노동 시장에 큰 변화를 가져올 것이다.

The reduction of legal working hours will bring a big change to the labor market.

-을 것이다 indicates a future prediction.

개발팀은 앱의 로딩 시간을 단축하기 위해 코드를 최적화했다.

The development team optimized the code to shorten the app's loading time.

최적화하다 means 'to optimize'.

물류 시스템의 혁신은 배송 기간을 획기적으로 단축시켰다.

The innovation of the logistics system drastically shortened the delivery period.

혁신 means 'innovation'.

과도한 흡연은 수명을 단축시킬 뿐만 아니라 각종 질병의 원인이 된다.

Excessive smoking not only shortens lifespan but also causes various diseases.

-을 뿐만 아니라 means 'not only... but also'.

이번 도로는 교통 체증을 완화하고 통행 시간을 단축하기 위해 건설되었다.

This road was built to ease traffic congestion and shorten travel time.

완화하다 means 'to ease' or 'to alleviate'.

기업들은 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 신제품 개발 주기를 단축하고 있다.

Companies are shortening the development cycle of new products to secure competitiveness.

확보하다 means 'to secure' or 'to obtain'.

비효율적인 행정 절차의 단축은 국가 경쟁력 강화에 필수적이다.

Shortening inefficient administrative procedures is essential for strengthening national competitiveness.

필수적이다 means 'to be essential/indispensable'.

인공지능을 활용한 신약 개발은 임상 시험 기간을 대폭 단축할 것으로 기대된다.

New drug development using AI is expected to significantly shorten the clinical trial period.

대폭 means 'significantly' or 'on a large scale'.

이 공법은 공기를 단축하면서도 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 장점이 있다.

This construction method has the advantage of being able to shorten the construction period while ensuring safety.

-면서도 means 'while' or 'even though' (simultaneous states).

정보기술의 발달은 시공간의 제약을 단축시키고 세계를 하나로 연결했다.

The development of information technology has shortened the constraints of time and space and connected the world as one.

제약 means 'constraint' or 'restriction'.

급격한 기후 변화는 생태계의 적응 기간을 단축시켜 멸종 위기를 초래한다.

Rapid climate change shortens the adaptation period of the ecosystem, leading to the risk of extinction.

초래하다 means 'to lead to' or 'to bring about' (usually something negative).

반도체 공정의 미세화는 신호 전달 시간을 단축하여 성능을 극대화한다.

The miniaturization of semiconductor processes shortens signal transmission time and maximizes performance.

극대화하다 means 'to maximize'.

노사 양측은 근로 시간 단축안을 두고 팽팽한 의견 대립을 보였다.

Both labor and management showed a tight conflict of opinion over the plan to shorten working hours.

팽팽하다 describes a tense or 'neck-and-neck' situation.

문학 작품에서 시간의 단축과 비약은 극적 긴장감을 조성하는 기법으로 쓰인다.

In literary works, the shortening and leaping of time are used as techniques to create dramatic tension.

비약 means 'leap' or 'jump' (in logic or time).

현대 철학은 존재와 시간의 거리를 단축하려는 끊임없는 사유의 과정이다.

Modern philosophy is a process of constant thought attempting to shorten the distance between existence and time.

사유 means 'thought' or 'contemplation'.

자동화 시스템의 고도화는 단순 반복 업무의 처리 시간을 극한까지 단축시켰다.

The advancement of automation systems has shortened the processing time of simple repetitive tasks to the limit.

극한까지 means 'to the limit' or 'to the extreme'.

해당 정책은 사회적 격차를 단축하기보다는 오히려 심화시키는 부작용을 낳았다.

Rather than shortening social gaps, the policy resulted in side effects that intensified them.

심화시키다 means 'to intensify' or 'to deepen'.

양자 컴퓨팅은 기존 슈퍼컴퓨터로 수백 년 걸릴 연산을 수분 내로 단축할 잠재력이 있다.

Quantum computing has the potential to shorten calculations that would take existing supercomputers hundreds of years to within minutes.

잠재력 means 'potential'.

언어의 경제성은 복잡한 개념을 단축된 상징으로 표현하려는 인간의 본능에서 기인한다.

The economy of language stems from the human instinct to express complex concepts as shortened symbols.

기인하다 means 'to stem from' or 'to be caused by'.

도시 재생 사업은 주거지와 일터 간의 물리적, 심리적 거리를 단축하는 데 역점을 두어야 한다.

Urban regeneration projects should focus on shortening the physical and psychological distance between residences and workplaces.

역점을 두다 means 'to place emphasis on'.

역사적 대사건들은 종종 시대의 흐름을 단축시키며 새로운 패러다임을 제시한다.

Great historical events often shorten the flow of an era and present a new paradigm.

패러다임 means 'paradigm'.

생명 공학의 발전이 노화 과정을 단축하는 것이 아니라 지연시키는 방향으로 나아가야 한다는 윤리적 논쟁이 있다.

There is an ethical debate that the development of biotechnology should move in the direction of delaying the aging process rather than shortening it.

지연시키다 means 'to delay' or 'to postpone'.

よく使う組み合わせ

시간 단축

거리 단축

기록 단축

근로 시간 단축

공기 단축

단축 수업

수명 단축

절차 단축

단축키 사용

노선 단축

よく使うフレーズ

시간을 단축하다

— To shorten the time. Used when making a task finish faster.

이 기계는 건조 시간을 단축해 줍니다.

거리를 단축하다

— To shorten the distance. Used when finding a shorter path.

다리가 완공되면 거리가 크게 단축될 거예요.

기록을 단축하다

— To shorten a record. Specifically used for time-based sports records.

그는 마라톤 한국 기록을 1분 단축했다.

공기를 단축하다

— To shorten the construction period. Common in engineering.

새로운 공법으로 공기를 두 달 단축했다.

수업을 단축하다

— To shorten classes. Usually done by schools for special reasons.

더위 때문에 오후 수업을 단축하기로 했다.

근무를 단축하다

— To shorten work. Reducing the hours one works per day.

육아를 위해 1시간 근무를 단축했다.

절차를 단축하다

— To shorten the procedure. Making a bureaucratic process faster.

승인 절차를 단축하여 사업을 빨리 시작했다.

수명을 단축하다

— To shorten lifespan. Often used as a warning.

음주와 흡연은 수명을 단축하는 지름길이다.

기간을 단축하다

— To shorten the period/duration of an event or project.

준비 기간을 단축해서 행사를 일찍 열었다.

코스를 단축하다

— To shorten a course or route.

비가 와서 등산 코스를 단축해서 내려왔다.

よく混同される語

단축 vs 단추

Means 'button.' The pronunciation is similar, but '단축' has a final 'k' stop.

단축 vs 단축키

While related, '단축' is the noun for shortening, while '단축키' is the specific object (shortcut key).

단축 vs 축소

Means reduction in scale/size. You '축소' a map, but '단축' a travel time.

慣用句と表現

"수명을 단축하다"

— Literally 'to shorten lifespan,' but used idiomatically to describe very risky or unhealthy behavior.

그렇게 무리하게 일하는 건 수명을 단축하는 일이야.

Casual/Informal

"시간과의 싸움 (기록 단축)"

— A fight against time. Often used alongside '기록 단축' in sports contexts.

그의 훈련은 기록 단축을 위한 시간과의 싸움이다.

Journalistic

"단축의 미학"

— The aesthetics of shortening. Used to praise brevity or efficiency in art or design.

이 영화는 불필요한 장면을 없앤 단축의 미학을 보여준다.

Literary

"거리를 단축하다 (심리적)"

— To shorten the (psychological) distance between people.

대화는 사람 사이의 거리를 단축하는 가장 좋은 방법이다.

Poetic/Neutral

"단축 마라톤 인생"

— A life like a shortened marathon. Used to describe a life that is intense but short.

그 천재 화가는 단축 마라톤 같은 짧은 인생을 살고 떠났다.

Literary

"지름길로 단축하다"

— To shorten by taking a shortcut. Often used metaphorically for finding an easy way to success.

성공으로 가는 길을 지름길로 단축하려 하지 마라.

Proverbial/Advice

"숨 가쁜 단축"

— Breathless shortening. Used when a schedule is compressed too tightly.

무리한 일정 단축으로 직원들이 숨 가쁜 나날을 보냈다.

Journalistic

"단축의 칼날"

— The blade of reduction. Used when budgets or personnel are being cut ruthlessly.

구조조정의 일환으로 단축의 칼날이 휘둘러졌다.

Idiomatic/Journalistic

"시간을 단축하는 마법"

— The magic of shortening time. Used to describe very effective technology or methods.

이 요리 도구는 시간을 단축하는 마법 같은 존재다.

Marketing

"기록 단축의 신"

— The god of shortening records. A nickname for a very fast athlete.

우사인 볼트는 기록 단축의 신이라 불린다.

Slangy/Media

間違えやすい

단축 vs 축소 (Chukso)

Both mean 'reduction.'

단축 is for length/time; 축소 is for scale/size/volume.

예산 축소 (Budget reduction) vs. 시간 단축 (Time shortening).

단축 vs 절약 (Jeoryak)

Both involve saving something.

절약 is about being thrifty and not wasting resources; 단축 is about the duration becoming shorter.

돈 절약 (Saving money) vs. 거리 단축 (Shortening distance).

단축 vs 생략 (Saengryak)

Both result in something being shorter.

생략 means skipping or omitting a part entirely; 단축 means making the whole process faster.

과정 생략 (Skipping the process) vs. 과정 단축 (Shortening the process).

단축 vs 줄이다 (Jurida)

It's the general native Korean equivalent.

줄이다 is less formal and can apply to physical objects (hair, clothes) where 단축 cannot.

바지를 줄이다 (Shorten pants) - '단축' is impossible here.

단축 vs 압축 (Apchuk)

Both involve making something smaller.

압축 refers to physical compression or file compression; 단축 is for linear time/distance.

파일 압축 (File compression) vs. 기간 단축 (Period shortening).

文型パターン

A 덕분에 B 시간이 단축됐어요.

지하철 덕분에 출근 시간이 단축됐어요.

B를 단축하기 위해 A를 도입했어요.

제작 기간을 단축하기 위해 기계를 도입했어요.

A는 B의 수명을 단축시키는 원인입니다.

오염은 지구의 수명을 단축시키는 원인입니다.

A를 통해 B를 획기적으로 단축할 수 있습니다.

자동화를 통해 공정을 획기적으로 단축할 수 있습니다.

오늘 단축 수업 해요?

단축키를 쓰면 훨씬 빨라요.

기록 단축을 축하합니다.

시공간적 제약의 단축이 가져온 변화.

語族

名詞

단축 (Shortening)

단축키 (Shortcut key)

단축형 (Shortened form)

시간단축 (Time reduction)

動詞

단축하다 (To shorten - active)

단축되다 (To be shortened - passive)

단축시키다 (To cause to shorten - causative)

使い方

frequency

High in news, business, and sports; Moderate in daily casual speech.

よくある間違い

Using 단축 for shortening a skirt. → 치마 길이를 줄이다.
단축 is only for abstract lengths like time and distance, not physical objects.
Saying '이름을 단축해 주세요' to ask for a nickname. → 이름을 줄여서 불러 주세요.
Linguistic abbreviations use '줄이다' or '약칭', not '단축'.
Confusing 단축 with 축소 in '예산 단축'. → 예산 축소.
Budgets are reduced in scale (축소), not shortened in length (단축).
Using '단축' for skipping a step in a recipe. → 과정을 생략하다.
Skipping is '생략'. '단축' means the step is still there but takes less time.
Pronouncing it like '단추' (button). → 단축 (with a final 'k' sound).
The final consonant 'ㄱ' is essential for the meaning.

ヒント

Time is Money

In Korean business, '시간 단축' (time reduction) is often synonymous with '비용 절감' (cost reduction). Use it when proposing efficiency improvements.

Verb Pairs

Remember the pair: 단축하다 (active) and 단축되다 (passive). Use '되다' when the shortening happens naturally or as a result of a change.

Master the Keyboard

Learning '단축키' (shortcut keys) is a great way to remember this word. Every time you press Ctrl+C, think '단축!'

Work-Life Balance

If you work in Korea, '근로 시간 단축' is a positive phrase. It means you get to go home earlier!

The Final K

Ensure the final 'ㄱ' in '축' is a clean, unreleased stop. Don't let it sound like 'chuku'.

Formal Tone

In essays, replace '시간을 줄이다' with '시간을 단축하다' to instantly make your writing sound more academic.

News Keywords

When you hear '단축' on the news, look for words like '정부' (government), '노동' (labor), or '철도' (railway) to understand the context.

Short-Shrink

Think of the Hanja: 단 (Short) + 축 (Shrink). It's a 'short-shrink' of time or space.

Not for Clothes

Never use '단축' at a tailor shop. They will be very confused! Use '수선' (repair/alteration) or '줄이다'.

Causative Form

Use '단축시키다' when a specific factor *causes* the shortening, like '신기술이 시간을 단축시켰다'.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Dan' (a short name) and 'Chuk' (the sound of a 'chuck' cutting something off). 'Dan-Chuk' is cutting something to make it short.

視覚的連想

Imagine a long timeline or a long road being pinched together by two hands until it's half its size. That pinching action is '단축'.

Word Web

시간 (Time) 거리 (Distance) 기록 (Record) 절차 (Procedure) 공기 (Construction period) 수명 (Lifespan) 단축키 (Shortcut) 효율 (Efficiency)

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your daily life that you can '단축' (shorten). Write them down in Korean using the pattern '[Something] 시간을 단축해요'.

語源

From Middle Korean, based on Sino-Korean characters. The first character 短 (단) means 'short' (opposite of 長 - long). The second character 縮 (축) means 'to shrink, contract, or withdraw.' Together, they form the concept of making a length smaller.

元の意味： To shrink the length of something.

Sino-Korean (Hanja)

文化的な背景

Be careful when using '수명 단축' (shortening lifespan) as it can be perceived as very blunt or ominous in a medical context.

In English, we use 'shortening' for time and distance, but also for things like 'shortening bread' or 'shortening a dress.' Korean '단축' is never used for baking or sewing.

주 52시간 근무제 (52-hour work week policy) - often called '근로 시간 단축'. The movie 'In Time' (2011) - in Korea, discussions about its themes often use the word '수명 단축'. Starcraft - Korean pro-gamers are famous for their insane use of '단축키' (shortcut keys).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Workplace Efficiency

업무 시간 단축
회의 시간 단축
프로세스 단축
단축 근무 신청

Sports & Athletics

세계 기록 단축
개인 기록 단축
기록 단축에 성공하다
초 단위의 단축

Commuting & Travel

이동 시간 단축
운행 거리 단축
노선 단축 안내
소요 시간 단축

Technology & Computing

컴퓨터 단축키
로딩 시간 단축
부팅 시간 단축
처리 속도 단축

Education

단축 수업 실시
시험 시간 단축
학습 기간 단축
수업 시간 단축

会話のきっかけ

"새로 생긴 지하철 덕분에 출퇴근 시간이 얼마나 단축됐어요?"

"컴퓨터 작업할 때 자주 쓰는 단축키가 있나요?"

"운동할 때 기록 단축을 위해 어떤 노력을 하시나요?"

"우리나라의 근로 시간 단축 정책에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요?"

"요리 시간을 단축하는 자신만의 비법이 있나요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 하루 중 시간을 단축할 수 있었던 순간에 대해 써 보세요.

만약 하루 근무 시간이 4시간으로 단축된다면 무엇을 하고 싶나요?

자신의 목표(예: 운동 기록, 공부 시간)를 단축하기 위한 계획을 세워 보세요.

기술의 발전이 우리 삶의 거리를 어떻게 단축시켰는지 설명해 보세요.

불필요한 절차를 단축해서 효율을 높였던 경험을 기록해 보세요.

よくある質問

10 問

No, '단축' is not used for physical objects like hair or clothes. For hair, use '자르다' (to cut) or '짧게 깎다'. For clothes, use '줄이다' (to shorten/reduce). '단축' is reserved for abstract spans like time and distance.

'단축하다' is the active form where someone or something shortens another thing (e.g., 'I shortened the time'). '단축되다' is the passive form where something becomes shorter (e.g., 'The time was shortened').

Primarily, yes. It refers to keyboard shortcuts. However, metaphorically, people might use it to refer to any 'shortcut' to a result, though '지름길' is more common for physical shortcuts.

For a physical shortcut while walking or driving, the word is '지름길' (jireum-gil). You would say '지름길로 가서 시간을 단축했어요' (I took a shortcut and shortened the time).

Yes, it is a Sino-Korean word and is considered more formal than the native Korean verb '줄이다'. You will see it in news, academic papers, and business reports.

It means 'shortened classes.' This happens when a school decides to end the day early or make each class period shorter, often due to weather, exams, or special events.

Usually, no. For reducing costs or money, use '절감' (reduction/saving) or '삭감' (slashing/cutting). '단축' is specifically for length of time or distance.

Because lifespan (수명) is a temporal span. When you engage in unhealthy habits, you are 'shortening' the duration of your life, hence '단축' is the appropriate word.

It is short for '공사 기간 단축' (shortening the construction period). It is a very common term in the construction and engineering industries in Korea.

No. For word abbreviations, use '약어' (yak-eo) or '줄임말' (jurim-mal). '단축' is for the duration or distance, not the linguistic length of a word.

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