Being '主动的' means taking the lead and acting on your own volition to shape outcomes.
30秒でわかる単語
- Taking initiative without being told or forced.
- Controlling a situation rather than reacting to it.
- Essential trait for leadership and effective communication.
Overview
“主动的”是一个在现代汉语中极具正能量的词汇,其核心在于“自发性”与“掌控力”。
- 1概述:从字面上看,“主”代表自主、主人,“动”代表行动。合起来即指作为自己的主人去采取行动,而不是被动地接受他人的指令或受环境支配。在心理学和管理学中,它常对应英文的 'Proactive',强调在问题发生前采取行动。
- 1用法模式:该词最常作为定语修饰名词(如:主动的选择)。当用于修饰动词时,通常写作“主动地”(如:主动地沟通)。此外,它常与“采取”、“争取”等动词连用,构成“采取主动”或“争取主动权”等短语。
**常见语境**:
- 职场:描述员工不需催促即完成任务,或提前预判风险。例如:“他是一个工作非常主动的人。”
- 人际关系:指在社交中先开口、先示好。例如:“在交友方面,他一向很主动。”
- 竞技/战争:指掌握了局势的控制权,使对方处于被动。例如:“我方已在比赛中占据了主动地位。”
- 1词义辨析:它与“积极的”常被混用。但“积极的”侧重于态度上的乐观、向上(Positive),而“主动的”侧重于行动上的先发制人(Proactive)。一个人可能心态很积极,但如果只是等待指令,仍不算主动。
例文
他主动帮邻居拿快递。
everydayHe took the initiative to help his neighbor carry the packages.
我们需要采取主动的策略来应对市场变化。
formalWe need to adopt a proactive strategy to respond to market changes.
你要是喜欢她,就得主动点儿。
informalIf you like her, you have to be more proactive.
研究表明,主动的学习者往往能获得更好的成绩。
academicResearch shows that proactive learners often achieve better grades.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
争取主动
strive for the initiative
反客为主
turn from guest to host (take the lead)
主动示好
proactively show goodwill
よく混同される語
Positive/Active. '积极' is more about an optimistic attitude, while '主动' is specifically about taking the first step or acting without being told.
Spontaneous. '自发' often describes natural or unconscious actions, while '主动' implies a conscious choice and goal-oriented behavior.
文法パターン
How to Use It
使い方のコツ
The word is neutral to formal and is highly versatile across all registers. In formal writing, it often appears in the phrase '采取主动' (take the initiative). In casual conversation, it's frequently used to describe someone's personality or social behavior.
よくある間違い
A common mistake for learners is using '主动' when they mean 'positive' (积极). Another error is omitting the particle '地' when using it as an adverb to modify a verb (e.g., saying '他主动去' is fine, but '他主动地完成了工作' is more grammatically precise for adverbs).
Tips
Boost your career with proactive language
Using '主动' in professional settings signals that you are a self-starter who doesn't need constant supervision.
Adjective vs Adverb distinction
Remember to use '的' for nouns (主动的态度) and '地' for verbs (主动地学习).
Valued trait in modern China
In contemporary Chinese corporate culture (like the tech industry), being '主动' is one of the most sought-after qualities in employees.
語源
Derived from '主' (host/master/owner) and '动' (to move). It reflects the concept of being the master of one's own actions rather than a servant to circumstances.
文化的な背景
In modern Chinese society, '主动' is increasingly emphasized as a key soft skill. Unlike traditional values that sometimes favored 'modesty' and 'waiting for one's turn,' the competitive nature of modern China rewards those who are proactive.
覚え方のコツ
Think of 'Action' (动) starting from the 'Self' (主). You are the master (主) of your own movement (动).
よくある質問
4 問“积极的”通常指态度乐观、有活力(Positive),而“主动的”侧重于行动的自发性和领先性(Proactive)。
可以描述自己“工作主动”,或者“主动承担了某项任务”,这能体现你的责任感和领导潜力。
基本没有,它是一个褒义词。但在极少数情况下,如果指代不合时宜的干预,可能会被委婉地批评为“自作主张”。
最直接的反义词是“被动的”,指受人支配或被迫采取行动。
自分をテスト
面对这个困难,我们不应该等待,而应该采取___策略。
语境强调“不应该等待”,因此需要采取“主动的”策略来应对。
选出符合定义的行为:
“主动”强调自发性,捡垃圾的行为是自发的,不依赖他人提醒。
应该 / 学习 / 采取 / 学生 / 主动的 / 方式
标准的中文主谓宾结构:主语(学生)+ 助动词(应该)+ 谓语(采取)+ 宾语(主动的学习方式)。
スコア: /3
Summary
Being '主动的' means taking the lead and acting on your own volition to shape outcomes.
- Taking initiative without being told or forced.
- Controlling a situation rather than reacting to it.
- Essential trait for leadership and effective communication.
Boost your career with proactive language
Using '主动' in professional settings signals that you are a self-starter who doesn't need constant supervision.
Adjective vs Adverb distinction
Remember to use '的' for nouns (主动的态度) and '地' for verbs (主动地学习).
Valued trait in modern China
In contemporary Chinese corporate culture (like the tech industry), being '主动' is one of the most sought-after qualities in employees.
例文
4 / 4他主动帮邻居拿快递。
He took the initiative to help his neighbor carry the packages.
我们需要采取主动的策略来应对市场变化。
We need to adopt a proactive strategy to respond to market changes.
你要是喜欢她,就得主动点儿。
If you like her, you have to be more proactive.
研究表明,主动的学习者往往能获得更好的成绩。
Research shows that proactive learners often achieve better grades.
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この単語を他の言語で
関連語彙
generalの関連語
一下儿
A1a bit, a moment
点儿
A1a little bit
有点儿
A1a little, somewhat (negative connotation)
一下
A2A bit; a moment (used after a verb).
异样
B1different; unusual; strange
关于
A1about, concerning
快要
A2to be about to (happen)
大约
B1Used to show that a number or amount is not exact; approximately.
上边
A2above, on top
上面
A1on, above, over