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B2 noun #12,000 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

brutish

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 brutish 30초 만에

설명 brutish in your Level:

The word 'brutish' is not usually a word for beginners, but we can understand it simply. Imagine an animal, like a big, angry bear. A bear is very strong, but it does not have good manners. It does not think about feelings. If a person acts like a big, angry animal, we can say they are 'brutish.' It means they are not kind and they are not polite. They use their strength to get what they want. For example, if a boy pushes everyone in line to get his lunch, you might think his behavior is like an animal. He is being brutish. It is a bad word to describe someone. You should use it when someone is very mean and strong but not smart. It is like saying 'bad animal style.' In A1, you might just say 'very mean' or 'like an animal,' but 'brutish' is a special word for that feeling. Think of a big monster in a story. That monster is often brutish. It does not talk nicely; it just makes loud noises and breaks things. That is the heart of the word 'brutish.'

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At the A2 level, you can start to see 'brutish' as a word that describes a specific kind of 'bad.' It is more than just being mean. It is about being rough and having no manners. If you see someone eating with their hands and making a big mess on purpose, you could say they are being brutish. They are acting like they don't know how to live in a house with other people. It also describes someone who uses their body to scare people instead of using their brain to talk. A brutish person might be very large and use their size to be a bully. In English, we use this word to talk about things that are very simple and rough. A 'brutish' house might be made of heavy stones and have no beautiful decorations. It is a word that helps you describe things that are 'primitive'—which means they are like things from a very, very long time ago before people had schools and cities. When you use this word, you are saying that the person or thing is not 'civilized' or 'polite.'

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For B1 learners, 'brutish' is an excellent adjective to add to your vocabulary for describing characters in books or movies. It captures the essence of someone who lacks emotional intelligence. While a 'cruel' person might be very smart and plan their mean actions, a 'brutish' person is usually seen as dull-witted. They are insensitive. This means they don't notice or care if they hurt someone's feelings. You will often find 'brutish' paired with words like 'strength' or 'force.' If a country uses 'brutish force' against its neighbors, it means they are using raw power without any diplomacy or talking. It's a very physical word. It suggests a heavy, clumsy quality. If you are writing a story about a villain who is a giant, 'brutish' is the perfect word to describe how he walks and talks. He doesn't use metaphors or complex sentences; he uses 'brutish' grunts. It's a way to show that a character is more like a beast than a person.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between 'brutish' and 'brutal.' 'Brutal' is often about the result—a brutal murder is a very violent one. 'Brutish' is about the character or nature of the person. It implies a lack of the intellectual and moral refinement that we associate with being human. The word has a strong philosophical background, notably in the works of Thomas Hobbes. He used it to describe life in a state of nature, where there are no laws. Life is 'brutish' because people only care about their own survival and use violence to get it. You can use 'brutish' to describe a lack of aesthetic taste as well. If someone describes a building as 'brutish,' they mean it is ugly, heavy, and lacks any artistic grace. It’s a powerful word for social critique. When you call someone's behavior brutish, you are insulting their level of civilization. It suggests they are acting on primal instincts rather than reason.

In C1, 'brutish' becomes a tool for sophisticated analysis. It is often used to critique systems, ideologies, or historical periods. You might read about the 'brutish efficiency' of a totalitarian regime, implying that while the system works, it does so by crushing human spirit and individuality in a mindless, mechanical way. The word carries a connotation of 'bestiality'—a descent from the heights of human potential into the depths of animalistic impulse. It is frequently employed in post-colonial literature to discuss how colonizers viewed indigenous populations (often wrongly labeling them as 'brutish' to justify conquest). Understanding this word requires recognizing its use as a label for 'the Other.' In art criticism, 'brutish' might describe a style that intentionally avoids 'beauty' to focus on raw, uncomfortable truths. It is a word that bridges the gap between physical description and moral judgment. When you use it, you are making a statement about the absence of 'logos'—reason and order—in the subject you are describing.

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At the C2 level, 'brutish' is understood in its full historical and philosophical complexity. It evokes the 'Hobbesian trap' and the long-standing Western tension between 'nature' and 'culture.' You might use 'brutish' to describe a certain type of nihilistic philosophy that reduces human existence to mere biological competition. It is a word that can be used to deconstruct the 'veneer of civilization.' For instance, one might argue that under the stress of a pandemic, social structures can quickly devolve into brutish self-interest. The word also appears in high-level literary criticism to describe 'grotesque' characters who embody the physical weight of existence without any spiritual or intellectual elevation. It is a term of 'ontological' lack—describing a being that is 'less than' because it lacks the capacity for reflection. In professional discourse, calling a strategy 'brutish' suggests it is unimaginative, relying on sheer scale or aggression rather than strategic subtlety or innovation. It is a devastating critique of a lack of 'sophos' or wisdom.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

brutish 30초 만에

Brutish describes behavior that is savage, cruel, and lacking in intelligence or refinement, resembling a wild animal.
It is often used to describe raw physical force or people who are insensitive and dull-witted.
The word carries a negative connotation of being primitive or unevolved compared to civilized human standards.
Commonly paired with words like 'strength,' 'ignorance,' and 'force' to emphasize a lack of reason.

The word brutish is an adjective used to describe behavior, appearance, or characteristics that are suggestive of a lower animal rather than a refined human being. When we call something or someone brutish, we are highlighting a lack of sensitivity, intelligence, or cultural sophistication. It is not merely a synonym for 'mean' or 'strong'; it carries a specific weight of being primitive or unevolved. In historical and philosophical contexts, the term often appears when discussing the 'state of nature.' For example, Thomas Hobbes famously described the life of man in its natural state as being 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.' In this context, brutish refers to a life governed by physical force and survival instincts rather than law, reason, or cooperation.

Core Connotation: The term implies a certain heavy-handedness and a complete absence of the 'finer' human qualities like empathy, logic, or artistic appreciation.

People use this word when they want to emphasize the raw, unpolished, and often cruel nature of an action. If a dictator uses 'brutish force' to suppress a protest, it suggests that the force was applied without thought or mercy, like a wild animal striking out. It is also used in literature to describe characters who are physically powerful but mentally dull and morally bankrupt.

The heavy, brutish features of the guard made the prisoners realize that no amount of pleading would reach his heart.

In modern conversation, the word is less common than 'brutal,' but it remains vital for distinguishing between the *effect* of an action (brutal) and the *nature* of the actor (brutish). While a 'brutal' winter is simply very cold and harsh, a 'brutish' person acts out of a deep-seated lack of refinement. Culturally, the word has been used to dehumanize groups of people, often in colonial literature, which is an important historical context to remember. It suggests a 'sub-human' quality. However, in contemporary English, it is most often applied to individuals who choose to act with senseless violence or clumsy ignorance.

He dismissed the complex argument with a brutish shrug of his shoulders, showing his total lack of interest in intellectual pursuits.

Synonym Nuance: Unlike 'savage,' which can sometimes imply a wild nobility, 'brutish' almost always implies a dull, heavy, and unattractive lack of spirit.

The brutish efficiency of the industrial machinery seemed to swallow the workers' individuality.

Usage in Art: Art critics might use 'brutish' to describe a painting that uses thick, unrefined strokes to convey raw emotion without technical grace.

The sculpture's brutish form was intended to provoke a sense of primal fear in the viewer.

Despite his wealth, his brutish manners made him unwelcome in the high-society salons of London.

Using brutish effectively requires understanding its role as an adjective that modifies either people or their actions and traits. It is most commonly placed before a noun (attributive position) but can also follow a linking verb (predicative position). When modifying a person, it often targets their physical appearance or their lack of social grace. For example, 'The brutish wrestler relied on size rather than skill.' Here, the word suggests that the wrestler's approach is primitive and lacks the 'science' of the sport.

Sentence Pattern 1: Physical Description: Subject + Verb + Brutish + Noun (e.g., 'He had a brutish jawline that gave him a menacing look.')

When using 'brutish' to describe actions, it often highlights the senselessness of the act. 'The regime's brutish response to the protests only fueled more anger.' In this case, 'brutish' implies that the response was not only violent but also unintelligent—a 'knee-jerk' reaction without foresight.

His brutish disregard for the feelings of others made him many enemies.

Another common use is in the context of strength. We often hear the phrase 'brutish strength' or 'brutish force.' This refers to power that is raw and uncoordinated.

Sentence Pattern 2: Describing Actions: The + Noun + was/were + Brutish (e.g., 'The tactics employed by the invaders were purely brutish.')

You can also use 'brutish' to describe environments or eras. 'The pioneers faced a brutish existence in the untamed wilderness.' This suggests a life that was harsh, physically demanding, and lacking in the comforts of civilization.

There was something brutish about the way the building was designed, with its cold concrete and lack of windows.

In comparative sentences, 'brutish' can be used to contrast with more 'human' qualities. 'While his brother was poetic and gentle, Silas was brutish and loud.' This creates a clear dichotomy between refinement and the lack thereof.

The brutish nature of the crime shocked even the most experienced detectives.

Sentence Pattern 3: Comparison: Less + [Refined Trait] + and more + Brutish (e.g., 'The film was less a psychological thriller and more a brutish display of violence.')

To survive in the prison, he had to adopt a brutish persona, hiding his sensitive side completely.

The brutish sounds of the factory floor made it impossible to have a quiet conversation.

You are most likely to encounter brutish in literature, historical analysis, and certain types of high-level journalism. It is a favorite word of historians when describing the harsh realities of ancient warfare or the behavior of uncivilized tribes (often reflecting the biases of the writer). For instance, in a documentary about the Roman Empire, a narrator might speak of the 'brutish tribes of the north' who posed a constant threat to the borders of the civilized world.

Literary Context: In Shakespeare's 'The Tempest,' the character Caliban is often described as a 'brutish' slave, representing the primal, uneducated side of humanity in contrast to Prospero's magic and learning.

In political science, as mentioned before, the 'Hobbesian' view of the world is a frequent topic. Students of philosophy will hear 'brutish' used to describe the state of humanity without the stabilizing influence of a social contract. This isn't just a classroom word, though; you'll see it in editorial pieces criticizing 'brutish politics'—politics that rely on bullying and intimidation rather than debate and compromise.

The editorial condemned the brutish rhetoric used by the candidates during the debate.

In the world of sports, particularly combat sports like boxing or MMA, a commentator might describe a fighter's style as 'brutish.' This isn't necessarily a compliment; it suggests that the fighter relies on raw power and taking hits rather than technical finesse or strategy.

Crime Reporting: News reports on particularly senseless or violent crimes may use the word to convey the animalistic nature of the perpetrator's actions.

The witness described the attacker as having a brutish intensity that was terrifying to behold.

You might also hear it in art and architecture circles. 'Brutalist' architecture (think large, raw concrete buildings) is related to the French 'béton brut' (raw concrete), but people often mistakenly associate it with 'brutish' because the buildings look heavy, imposing, and lacking in decorative 'human' touches.

The brutish efficiency of the system left no room for individual creativity.

Fantasy and Sci-Fi: In fantasy novels, 'brutish' is the standard adjective for Orcs, Trolls, or other monstrous races that value strength over intellect.

The hero faced off against a brutish ogre that wielded a massive club.

The brutish cold of the Arctic winter can break even the strongest spirit.

The most frequent error people make is confusing brutish with its close cousin, brutal. While they share the same root, their usage is distinct. 'Brutal' refers to the severity or harshness of an experience or action. You can have a 'brutal' workout or a 'brutal' truth. 'Brutish,' however, refers to the *quality* of being like a brute—lacking in reason and refinement. If you say a workout is 'brutish,' you are suggesting the workout itself is stupid or animal-like, which probably isn't what you mean.

Brutal vs. Brutish: Brutal = Extremely harsh (The weather). Brutish = Animal-like/Unrefined (The man's behavior).

Another mistake is using 'brutish' as a noun. Because 'brute' is a noun, people sometimes think 'brutish' can be used similarly. Incorrect: 'He is a real brutish.' Correct: 'He is a real brute' or 'He is very brutish.' Some learners use 'brutish' when they simply mean 'strong.' However, 'brutish' is almost always negative. If you want to describe someone's strength in a positive or neutral way, use words like 'powerful,' 'muscular,' or 'robust.' Calling a professional athlete 'brutish' might be taken as an insult to their intelligence or skill.

Incorrect: His brutish mastery of the piano was impressive. (Mastery implies skill, which contradicts 'brutish').

Register Errors: Using 'brutish' in a very casual text message might sound overly dramatic or archaic. It's better suited for essays, stories, or formal critiques.

Common Error: 'The brutish exam was hard.' Correct: 'The brutal exam was hard.'

Lastly, avoid using 'brutish' to describe things that are just 'big.' A large mountain isn't 'brutish' unless you are personifying it as a cruel, unthinking monster. Use 'massive' or 'immense' instead.

Collocation Mistake: Don't say 'brutish intelligence.' It's an oxymoron. Say 'brutish force' or 'brutish ignorance.'

The brutish nature of his comments revealed his lack of empathy.

She was tired of his brutish behavior at dinner parties.

When you want to express the idea of something being brutish, there are several other words you might consider, depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.

Bestial: This is a very strong alternative. It literally means 'like a beast.' It often implies even more depravity or cruelty than 'brutish.' For example, 'bestial cruelty' suggests something truly sub-human and horrifying.

Savage: While 'brutish' implies a dull, heavy lack of intellect, 'savage' implies a wild, fierce, and untamed energy. A savage animal is dangerous and fast; a brutish animal is large and clumsy.

The brutish thug stood his ground, while the savage warrior charged forward.

Coarse: If you want to focus on the lack of refinement or manners without necessarily implying violence, 'coarse' is a better choice. 'Coarse language' or 'coarse manners' suggests a lack of 'polishing' rather than a lack of humanity.

Inhuman: This word focuses on the lack of compassion. A brutish person might be inhuman because they don't care about others' pain, but 'inhuman' can also describe something cold and robotic.

His brutish ignorance was more frustrating than his actual anger.

Animalistic: This is a more neutral, descriptive term. It can be used in scientific contexts to describe behaviors that humans share with animals (like the animalistic urge to protect one's young).

The brutish soldiers showed no mercy to the villagers.

The critic described the film as a brutish assault on the senses.

His brutish hands were ill-suited for the delicate work of a watchmaker.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The famous Roman Marcus Junius Brutus, who assassinated Julius Caesar, had a name that literally meant 'the stupid' or 'the heavy.' This was likely an ancestral nickname that became a family name.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈbruː.tɪʃ/

US /ˈbruː.tɪʃ/

First syllable (BRU-tish)

라임이 맞는 단어

newtish rootish shootish flutish fruitish astutish recruitish suitish

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing it like 'British' (BRIT-ish).
Using a short 'u' sound like in 'but' (BRUT-ish).
Adding an extra syllable (bru-it-ish).
Confusing the ending with '-ist' (brutist).
Softening the 't' into a 'd' (broo-dish).

난이도

독해 4/5

Common in literature and academic texts, but rare in everyday newspapers.

쓰기 5/5

Requires careful use to avoid confusion with 'brutal' and to maintain the correct tone.

말하기 6/5

Rarely used in casual speech; can sound overly formal if used incorrectly.

듣기 4/5

Easy to hear, but often confused with 'British' by non-native speakers.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

brute animal mean strong rough

다음에 배울 것

bestial savage barbaric unrefined primitive

고급

Hobbesian logos atavistic philistine boorish

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Suffix '-ish'

Brutish (like a brute), Childish (like a child), Reddish (somewhat red).

Attributive vs Predicative Adjectives

The brutish man (attributive) vs The man was brutish (predicative).

Coordinate Adjectives

He was a big, brutish, and angry man (use commas for multiple adjectives).

Comparative and Superlative

More brutish, Most brutish (use 'more/most' for longer adjectives).

Noun to Adjective Conversion

Brute (noun) -> Brutish (adjective).

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수준별 예문

The big monster was very brutish and loud.

Le gros monstre était très brutal et bruyant.

Adjective modifying the noun 'monster'.

He was a brutish man who never said 'thank you'.

C'était un homme brutal qui ne disait jamais 'merci'.

Attributive adjective before 'man'.

Don't be brutish with your toys; play gently.

Ne sois pas brutal avec tes jouets ; joue doucement.

Adjective used after the verb 'to be'.

The dog had a brutish look in its eyes.

Le chien avait un regard brutal dans les yeux.

Adjective describing 'look'.

The giant had a brutish face.

Le géant avait un visage brutal.

Adjective before 'face'.

It was a brutish way to act at the party.

C'était une façon brutale d'agir à la fête.

Adjective describing 'way'.

The brutish bear broke the door.

L'ours brutal a cassé la porte.

Adjective before 'bear'.

He gave a brutish grunt and walked away.

Il a poussé un grognement brutal et est parti.

Adjective describing 'grunt'.

The caveman had a brutish appearance.

L'homme des cavernes avait une apparence brutale.

Adjective describing 'appearance'.

His manners were brutish and rude.

Ses manières étaient brutales et impolies.

Predicative adjective after 'were'.

The soldiers used brutish strength to move the rock.

Les soldats ont utilisé une force brutale pour déplacer le rocher.

Common collocation 'brutish strength'.

It was a brutish crime that scared the town.

C'était un crime brutal qui a effrayé la ville.

Adjective describing 'crime'.

The brutish storm destroyed the small house.

La tempête brutale a détruit la petite maison.

Adjective used metaphorically for a storm.

He had a brutish way of speaking to his staff.

Il avait une façon brutale de parler à son personnel.

Adjective modifying 'way of speaking'.

The brutish guard refused to let them in.

Le garde brutal a refusé de les laisser entrer.

Adjective describing a person's character.

The movie showed the brutish life of the prisoners.

Le film montrait la vie brutale des prisonniers.

Adjective describing a state of existence.

The dictator's brutish policies were widely condemned.

Les politiques brutales du dictateur ont été largement condamnées.

Adjective modifying 'policies'.

He possessed a brutish ignorance of modern technology.

Il possédait une ignorance brutale de la technologie moderne.

Adjective modifying 'ignorance'.

The brutish nature of the sport appeals to some people.

La nature brutale du sport plaît à certaines personnes.

Adjective modifying 'nature'.

She was shocked by the brutish behavior of the crowd.

Elle a été choquée par le comportement brutal de la foule.

Adjective modifying 'behavior'.

The novel describes a brutish struggle for survival.

Le roman décrit une lutte brutale pour la survie.

Adjective modifying 'struggle'.

His brutish laugh echoed through the empty hall.

Son rire brutal a résonné dans le hall vide.

Adjective modifying 'laugh'.

The brutish efficiency of the factory was impressive but cold.

L'efficacité brutale de l'usine était impressionnante mais froide.

Adjective modifying 'efficiency'.

They lived in a brutish world where only the strong survived.

Ils vivaient dans un monde brutal où seuls les plus forts survivaient.

Adjective modifying 'world'.

The critic described the building as a brutish block of concrete.

Le critique a décrit le bâtiment comme un bloc de béton brutal.

Adjective used in an aesthetic critique.

Thomas Hobbes argued that life in nature was 'nasty, brutish, and short'.

Thomas Hobbes a soutenu que la vie dans la nature était 'méchante, brutale et courte'.

Famous historical quotation.

The brutish intensity of his gaze made her feel uncomfortable.

L'intensité brutale de son regard la mettait mal à l'aise.

Adjective modifying 'intensity'.

His brutish dismissal of her ideas showed his arrogance.

Son rejet brutal de ses idées montrait son arrogance.

Adjective modifying 'dismissal'.

The film explores the brutish impulses that lie beneath civilization.

Le film explore les impulsions brutales qui se cachent sous la civilisation.

Adjective modifying 'impulses'.

The brutish conquerors showed no respect for local culture.

Les conquérants brutaux n'ont montré aucun respect pour la culture locale.

Adjective modifying 'conquerors'.

He had a brutish disregard for the rules of the game.

Il avait un mépris brutal pour les règles du jeu.

Adjective modifying 'disregard'.

The landscape was brutish, with jagged rocks and no vegetation.

Le paysage était brutal, avec des rochers déchiquetés et aucune végétation.

Adjective modifying 'landscape'.

The poem critiques the brutish mechanization of modern life.

Le poème critique la mécanisation brutale de la vie moderne.

Adjective modifying 'mechanization'.

She rejected the brutish chauvinism of her colleagues.

Elle a rejeté le chauvinisme brutal de ses collègues.

Adjective modifying 'chauvinism'.

The historical account detailed the brutish treatment of the indigenous people.

Le récit historique détaillait le traitement brutal des peuples autochtones.

Adjective modifying 'treatment'.

His brutish lack of empathy made him a successful but hated CEO.

Son manque brutal d'empathie faisait de lui un PDG prospère mais détesté.

Adjective modifying 'lack'.

The artist's style was intentionally brutish, using thick, raw strokes.

Le style de l'artiste était intentionnellement brutal, utilisant des traits épais et bruts.

Adjective used to describe artistic style.

The regime relied on a brutish secret police to maintain order.

Le régime s'appuyait sur une police secrète brutale pour maintenir l'ordre.

Adjective modifying 'secret police'.

The brutish reality of the war was finally coming home to the public.

La réalité brutale de la guerre commençait enfin à être comprise par le public.

Adjective modifying 'reality'.

He dismissed the complex philosophical argument with a brutish shrug.

Il a rejeté l'argument philosophique complexe d'un haussement d'épaules brutal.

Adjective modifying 'shrug'.

The novel deconstructs the brutish archetype of the hyper-masculine hero.

Le roman déconstruit l'archétype brutal du héros hyper-masculin.

Adjective modifying 'archetype'.

Their discourse was characterized by a brutish anti-intellectualism.

Leur discours était caractérisé par un anti-intellectualisme brutal.

Adjective modifying 'anti-intellectualism'.

The philosopher warned against the brutish impulses that threaten the social contract.

Le philosophe a mis en garde contre les impulsions brutales qui menacent le contrat social.

Adjective modifying 'impulses'.

The architecture was a brutish manifestation of the state's power.

L'architecture était une manifestation brutale du pouvoir de l'État.

Adjective modifying 'manifestation'.

He viewed the market as a brutish arena where only the most ruthless could thrive.

Il considérait le marché comme une arène brutale où seuls les plus impitoyables pouvaient prospérer.

Adjective modifying 'arena'.

The brutish simplicity of the plan was its greatest strength and its fatal flaw.

La simplicité brutale du plan était sa plus grande force et son défaut fatal.

Adjective modifying 'simplicity'.

The play explores the brutish undercurrents of a seemingly polite society.

La pièce explore les courants sous-jacents brutaux d'une société apparemment polie.

Adjective modifying 'undercurrents'.

The critics panned the film for its brutish glorification of violence.

Les critiques ont fustigé le film pour sa glorification brutale de la violence.

Adjective modifying 'glorification'.

동의어

savage barbaric cruel beastly coarse thuggish

반의어

gentle refined humane

자주 쓰는 조합

brutish strength

brutish force

brutish ignorance

brutish behavior

brutish features

brutish nature

nasty, brutish, and short

brutish impulses

brutish efficiency

brutish manners

자주 쓰는 구문

purely brutish

— Something that is entirely without refinement or thought.

The attack was purely brutish, with no strategic goal.

somewhat brutish

— Having some qualities of a brute but not entirely.

His appearance was somewhat brutish, but he was actually very kind.

bordering on brutish

— Almost becoming animalistic or cruel.

His treatment of the staff was bordering on brutish.

a brutish display of

— A show of something (like power or ignorance) in a raw way.

The movie was a brutish display of unnecessary violence.

the brutish reality of

— The harsh, unpolished truth about a situation.

They finally faced the brutish reality of the economic crisis.

brutish and crude

— Two words often used together to describe unrefined behavior.

The comedian's jokes were brutish and crude.

act in a brutish manner

— To behave like a brute.

He was warned not to act in a brutish manner during the negotiations.

a brutish existence

— A very hard, simple, and unrefined life.

The miners lived a brutish existence in the remote mountains.

brutish and dull

— Lacking both manners and intelligence.

The character was portrayed as brutish and dull.

overcome one's brutish side

— To master one's primitive or violent urges.

The story follows his journey to overcome his brutish side.

자주 혼동되는 단어

brutish vs brutal

'Brutal' means extremely harsh or violent (e.g., a brutal winter). 'Brutish' means like an animal or unrefined (e.g., a brutish man).

brutish vs British

A common phonetic confusion. 'British' refers to the UK; 'brutish' refers to behavior.

brutish vs brute

'Brute' is a noun (He is a brute). 'Brutish' is an adjective (His behavior is brutish).

관용어 및 표현

"nasty, brutish, and short"

— A phrase used to describe a life or situation that is unpleasant and lacks civilization.

Before the new laws, life in the factory was nasty, brutish, and short.

Literary/Historical

"brutish force over brains"

— Using physical power instead of intelligence to solve a problem.

The team won by using brutish force over brains.

Informal

"a brutish awakening"

— A harsh or unpleasant realization (variation of 'rude awakening').

He had a brutish awakening when he lost his job.

Literary

"the brutish half"

— The part of a person's character that is primitive or animalistic.

He struggled to keep his brutish half under control.

Literary

"brutish as a beast"

— Extremely unrefined or cruel.

In his anger, he became as brutish as a beast.

Literary

"clumsy as a brutish giant"

— Very lacking in physical grace or delicacy.

He was as clumsy as a brutish giant in the porcelain shop.

Informal

"brutish silence"

— A heavy, unfriendly, or unintelligent lack of speech.

He met their questions with a brutish silence.

Literary

"the brutish path"

— A way of doing things that relies on violence or force.

The country chose the brutish path of war.

Political

"brutish and bold"

— Acting with confidence but without refinement.

His brutish and bold approach worked in the wrestling ring.

Neutral

"a brutish blow"

— A very heavy and uncoordinated hit.

The fighter landed a brutish blow to his opponent's ribs.

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

brutish vs Bestial

Both mean 'like an animal.'

'Bestial' is much stronger and often refers to sexual depravity or extreme, sub-human cruelty. 'Brutish' is more about being dull and clumsy.

The bestial crimes shocked the nation, while his brutish manners only annoyed his neighbors.

brutish vs Savage

Both imply a lack of civilization.

'Savage' can imply a fierce, wild beauty or energy. 'Brutish' is always heavy, dull, and unattractive.

The savage lion was magnificent; the brutish man was just crude.

brutish vs Boorish

Both describe bad manners.

'Boorish' specifically refers to being rude and insensitive in social situations. 'Brutish' implies a more physical, animal-like quality.

His boorish interruptions were annoying, but his brutish threats were scary.

brutish vs Coarse

Both mean unrefined.

'Coarse' is often used for textures or language. 'Brutish' is used for the whole character or physical strength.

The coarse sand hurt her feet, but the brutish guard hurt her pride.

brutish vs Inhuman

Both describe a lack of human qualities.

'Inhuman' suggests a cold lack of emotion (like a machine). 'Brutish' suggests a hot, animal-like impulse.

The robot's inhuman efficiency was scary, but the man's brutish rage was terrifying.

문장 패턴

The [Noun] is brutish.

The giant is brutish.

He has a brutish [Noun].

He has a brutish face.

The [Noun] was crushed by brutish force.

The wall was crushed by brutish force.

His [Noun] was characterized by brutish [Noun].

His reign was characterized by brutish violence.

The [Noun] serves as a brutish reminder of [Noun].

The prison serves as a brutish reminder of the regime's power.

Critiquing the [Adjective] and brutish [Noun] of [Noun].

Critiquing the senseless and brutish mechanization of society.

It was a brutish way to [Verb].

It was a brutish way to treat a friend.

Despite his [Noun], he remained brutish.

Despite his wealth, he remained brutish.

어휘 가족

명사

brute

brutality

brutishness

brutalization

동사

brutalize

형용사

brutish

brutal

사용법

frequency

Low to Medium

자주 하는 실수

Using 'brutish' for 'British'. → He is British (from the UK).
These words sound similar but have completely different meanings. 'Brutish' is an insult; 'British' is a nationality.
Saying 'He is a brutish.' → He is a brute.
'Brutish' is an adjective, not a noun. You need a noun after it or use 'brute' instead.
Describing a hard exam as 'brutish'. → The exam was brutal.
'Brutal' is used for things that are very difficult or harsh. 'Brutish' is for things that are like animals.
Using 'brutish' as a compliment for strength. → He has impressive strength.
'Brutish' implies the strength is stupid or cruel. It's usually not a compliment.
Spelling it as 'brutest'. → Brutish.
There is no word 'brutest' in standard English. The adjective is 'brutish'.

팁

Use for Characterization

When writing a story, use 'brutish' to quickly signal to the reader that a character is a physical threat but not a mental one.

Pair with Strength

The most common pairing is 'brutish strength.' Use this to describe power that is raw and unrefined.

Brutal vs Brutish

Remember: A 'brutal' winter is cold; a 'brutish' person is animal-like. Don't swap them!

Think 'Heavy'

The root means 'heavy.' Think of someone with a 'heavy' mind and 'heavy' hands to remember 'brutish.'

Aesthetic Critique

Use 'brutish' to describe art or architecture that feels cold, raw, and imposing.

Adjective Only

Never use 'brutish' as a noun. It is always 'a brutish man,' never 'he is a brutish.'

Sensitivity Note

Be careful using this word for people from other cultures, as it has a negative colonial history.

The Bear Mnemonic

B-R-U-T-I-S-H: Big, Rough, Unrefined, Tough, Insensitive, Savage, Heavy.

Contrast

Use 'brutish' in contrast with 'refined' or 'gentle' to make your descriptions pop.

The 'OO' Sound

Focus on the long 'oo' sound to make sure you are hearing 'brutish' and not 'British.'

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'Brute' who is 'ish' (like an animal). BRUTE + ISH = BRUTISH. A brute is a big, strong animal; being brutish is acting like one.

시각적 연상

Imagine a large, hairy caveman trying to eat a delicate piece of cake with a massive club. He is strong but has no idea how to be refined.

Word Web

Beast Animal Strong Stupid Cruel Rough Primitive Unrefined

챌린지

Try to use 'brutish' in a sentence describing a villain in a story you know. Then, try to use it to describe a piece of modern architecture.

어원

From Middle English 'brutissh', derived from the noun 'brute'. The word 'brute' comes from the Old French 'brut', which in turn comes from the Latin 'brutus', meaning 'heavy', 'dull', 'irrational', or 'stupid'.

원래 의미: The Latin 'brutus' was originally used to describe physical weight, but it quickly evolved to describe a mental 'heaviness' or lack of reason.

Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > English

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'brutish' to describe groups of people, as it has a history of being used in a derogatory, colonialist way to imply that certain cultures are less human.

Commonly used in literature and history classes. It's a 'SAT word' in the US, often appearing in vocabulary tests.

Thomas Hobbes' 'Leviathan' (Nasty, brutish, and short). Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' (Caliban as a brutish slave). Brutalist architecture (related in name and raw aesthetic).

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Literature/Fiction

a brutish antagonist
brutish physical features
the character's brutish nature
overcoming a brutish past

History/Sociology

brutish treatment of workers
a brutish era of history
brutish colonial practices
the state of nature as brutish

Sports/Fitness

brutish power in the ring
a brutish style of play
relying on brutish strength
the brutish physicality of the game

Art/Architecture

brutish aesthetic
raw and brutish materials
a brutish lack of ornament
brutish concrete structures

Personal Relationships

his brutish manners
stop being so brutish
a brutish disregard for feelings
tired of his brutish behavior

대화 시작하기

"Do you think humanity is naturally kind, or are we naturally brutish like Hobbes suggested?"

"Have you ever seen a building that you would describe as 'brutish' or 'brutalist'?"

"In movies, why is the 'brutish' character usually the one who loses to the smart hero?"

"Can 'brutish strength' ever be a good thing in a professional setting?"

"How would you describe the difference between a 'brutal' person and a 'brutish' person?"

일기 주제

Describe a time when you saw someone acting in a brutish way. How did it make you feel?

Write about a fictional character who is brutish on the outside but kind on the inside.

Reflect on the phrase 'nasty, brutish, and short.' Does this apply to any parts of modern life?

If you had to design a 'brutish' piece of art, what materials and shapes would you use?

How does society try to 'civilize' people's brutish impulses?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, 'brutish' is almost always used negatively. It suggests a lack of intelligence, refinement, and empathy. Even when describing 'brutish strength,' it implies that the strength is used without skill or care.

Yes, you can, but it is less common. It would describe a woman who is physically rough, loud, and lacking in any social grace or sensitivity.

'Cruel' means wanting to cause pain. 'Brutish' means acting like an animal. A brutish person might be cruel because they don't understand that they are hurting someone, or simply because they use force to get what they want.

No, they are not related. 'Brunch' is a combination of 'breakfast' and 'lunch.' 'Brutish' comes from the Latin 'brutus' meaning heavy or dull.

Yes, in the context of architecture, 'brutish' (often associated with Brutalism) describes buildings that are large, heavy, and made of raw concrete, lacking decorative features.

It is pronounced 'BROO-tish.' The 'u' sounds like the 'oo' in 'food.' Make sure not to say 'BRIT-ish.'

It is moderately common in writing, especially in books, history, and news editorials. It is not very common in daily casual conversation.

The noun form is 'brutishness' or you can use the word 'brute' to describe the person themselves.

Actually, we usually use it to describe humans who act like animals. Calling an animal 'brutish' is a bit redundant, but it could be used to describe a particularly large and mean animal.

Yes, it is considered a more formal or literary word. In casual speech, people would more likely say 'rough,' 'mean,' or 'stupid.'

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