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प्रदूषित

A2 adjective #4,500 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

प्रदूषित

pradooshit 상위 4,500

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 प्रदूषित 30초 만에

설명 प्रदूषित in your Level:

At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'प्रदूषित' (Pradūṣit) means 'polluted' or 'very dirty' in the context of nature. Think of it as a special word for when the air or water is bad for your health. You will mostly use it in simple sentences like 'The water is polluted' (Pani pradushit hai). It is a good word to learn early because you will see it on signs or hear it on the news if you visit India. Just remember it is an adjective, so it describes a thing. You don't need to worry about changing the word for different genders; it stays the same. At this stage, focus on pairing it with 'hawa' (air) and 'pani' (water). Using this word instead of just 'ganda' (dirty) shows you are learning more specific and useful Hindi vocabulary for real-world situations like health and travel safety.

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For A2 learners, 'प्रदूषित' is an essential adjective for discussing the environment and health, which are common topics in this level. You should be able to use it to describe various nouns: 'pradushit hawa' (polluted air), 'pradushit nadi' (polluted river), and 'pradushit bhojan' (contaminated food). At this level, you should also understand the difference between the noun 'pradushan' (pollution) and the adjective 'pradushit' (polluted). You can start making slightly more complex sentences using 'ho gaya hai' (has become). For example, 'The city has become polluted' (Shahar pradushit ho gaya hai). It is also important to recognize that this word is formal. While you might use 'ganda' for a dirty room, you should use 'pradushit' for environmental issues. This helps you distinguish between everyday messes and serious environmental problems in your conversations.

At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'प्रदूषित' in discussions about social issues and the environment. You can now use it to explain causes and effects. For example, 'Factories are making the water polluted' (Factory-an pani ko pradushit kar rahi hain). You should also be aware of its synonyms and when to use 'pradushit' over 'ashuddh' (impure) or 'malin' (soiled). B1 learners should also start noticing the word in news articles and being able to summarize the main point of a report on pollution. You might also encounter it in a metaphorical sense, such as 'pradushit vatavaran' to describe a toxic work environment, though the environmental meaning remains dominant. Your goal at this level is to use 'प्रदूषित' accurately in both spoken and written Hindi to express concern about the world around you.

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At the B2 level, your use of 'प्रदूषित' should be nuanced. You should understand the Sanskrit roots (Pra + Dush) and how the prefix 'pra-' intensifies the base word 'dushit' (tainted). You can use it in more academic or professional contexts, such as discussing 'dhwani pradushan' (noise pollution) and describing an area as 'dhwani pradushit' (noise-polluted). You should be able to participate in debates about environmental policy and use 'प्रदूषित' to describe the degradation of natural resources. You will also encounter this word in literature where it might be used to describe a character's 'pradushit mann' (polluted/corrupt mind), indicating a deeper, more abstract level of contamination. At B2, you should also be able to correctly use the passive voice, such as 'Nadiyon ko pradushit kiya ja raha hai' (Rivers are being polluted).

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For C1 learners, 'प्रदूषित' is a word you use with precision and stylistic flair. You understand its place in the 'Tatsama' register of Hindi, which is used in formal writing, high-level journalism, and official documents. You can distinguish between 'pradushit' and more obscure synonyms like 'kalushit' (defiled) or 'vishailla' (poisonous). You should be able to write essays or give presentations on complex topics like 'The impact of polluted groundwater on rural health' (Pradushit bhu-jal ka gramin swasthya par prabhav). At this level, you are also expected to understand the word's occurrence in legal and environmental regulations. You can use the word to discuss the ethics of industrialization and the 'pradushit rajniti' (polluted/corrupt politics) of a region, showing a high degree of metaphorical competence.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly grasp of 'प्रदूषित' and its entire word family. You can use it in highly sophisticated philosophical, political, or scientific discourse. You might use it to describe the 'pradushit' state of modern discourse or the 'pradushit' nature of certain ideologies, moving far beyond the literal environmental meaning. You are familiar with its usage in classical-style modern poetry and high-end prose. You can effortlessly switch between 'pradushit' and its Urdu-origin equivalents like 'aaluda' depending on the audience and the desired tone. Your understanding includes the historical evolution of environmental terminology in Hindi and how 'प्रदूषित' became the standard term over others. You can use the word to critique complex systems, describing them as inherently 'pradushit' due to systemic flaws or corruption.

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प्रदूषित 30초 만에

Pradushit is a formal Hindi adjective meaning 'polluted' or 'contaminated,' primarily used in environmental and health-related contexts.
It is derived from Sanskrit and is invariant, meaning its form does not change based on the gender or number of the noun.
Commonly paired with nouns like hawa (air), pani (water), and mitti (soil) to describe ecological damage or toxicity.
It differs from 'ganda' (dirty) by implying a level of harm or chemical contamination rather than just surface-level filth.

The Hindi word प्रदूषित (Pradūṣit) is an adjective derived from Sanskrit that translates directly to 'polluted' or 'contaminated.' In the modern world, this word is ubiquitous in Hindi-speaking regions, especially within discussions regarding the environment, urban living, and public health. While the English word 'dirty' might be used for a shirt with a stain, प्रदूषित is reserved for situations where something has been rendered harmful, impure, or unfit for use due to the introduction of toxic or undesirable substances. It is a formal term but is commonly heard on the news, read in newspapers, and taught in schools from a very young age due to the pressing nature of environmental issues in South Asia.

Environmental Context: This is the most frequent usage. It describes air (हवा), water (पानी), or soil (मिट्टी) that has been tainted by chemicals, smoke, or waste. For example, during the winter months in Northern India, the phrase 'प्रदूषित हवा' (polluted air) is a constant topic of conversation.
Scientific/Academic Context: In textbooks and research, the word is used to describe the state of an ecosystem. It is often paired with the noun 'प्रदूषण' (Pradūṣan), which means pollution. If 'प्रदूषण' is the act or the phenomenon, 'प्रदूषित' is the resulting state of the object affected by it.
Metaphorical Context: Occasionally, you might hear this word used to describe an environment or atmosphere that is socially or morally toxic. For instance, a 'प्रदूषित माहौल' (polluted atmosphere) could refer to a workplace filled with negativity or corruption, though this is less common than its physical application.

इस शहर की हवा बहुत प्रदूषित हो गई है। (The air of this city has become very polluted.)

Understanding the weight of this word is crucial. In Hindi, calling water 'गंदा' (gandā) implies it is just dirty, perhaps with mud. Calling it 'प्रदूषित' (pradūṣit) implies it is dangerous to drink because of bacteria or chemicals. It carries a sense of gravity and technical specificity that everyday adjectives lack. When you use this word, you are signaling that you are discussing a serious matter of health or ecology. It is also important to note that since it is a Sanskrit-derived word (Tatsama), it remains the same regardless of the gender of the noun it qualifies in most standard usages, making it relatively easy for learners to slot into sentences without complex grammatical mutations.

फैक्ट्रियों ने नदियों को प्रदूषित कर दिया है। (Factories have polluted the rivers.)

क्या यह पानी प्रदूषित है? (Is this water contaminated?)

Using प्रदूषित effectively requires understanding its role as an adjective that follows the noun it describes or acts as a predicate adjective. Because it is a formal term, it often appears in 'X + adjective + hona/karna' constructions. For example, 'प्रदूषित होना' (to be/become polluted) and 'प्रदूषित करना' (to pollute/contaminate). It is highly versatile and fits into various sentence structures from simple observations to complex causal arguments.

Describing Nouns Directly: When placed before a noun, it functions as a standard descriptor. 'प्रदूषित वातावरण' (polluted environment) or 'प्रदूषित भोजन' (contaminated food). In this role, it provides immediate context about the quality of the noun.
As a Result of an Action: In more advanced sentences, it often appears with 'कर दिया' (has made/has done). For example: 'प्लास्टिक ने समुद्र को प्रदूषित कर दिया है' (Plastic has polluted the sea). Here, the focus is on the agent of pollution.

गाड़ियों का धुआं हवा को प्रदूषित करता है। (Vehicle smoke pollutes the air.)

One of the key things for English speakers to remember is that Hindi adjectives derived from Sanskrit ending in '-it' are generally invariant. Unlike 'achha/achhi' which changes based on gender, 'प्रदूषित' remains 'प्रदूषित' whether you are talking about 'pani' (masculine) or 'hawa' (feminine). This simplifies the grammar significantly. You can say 'प्रदूषित पानी' and 'प्रदूषित हवा' without changing the ending of the adjective. This consistency makes it a safe and reliable word for learners to use in various contexts without worrying about gender agreement errors.

हमें प्रदूषित भोजन से बचना चाहिए। (We should avoid contaminated food.)

Furthermore, 'प्रदूषित' is frequently used in passive or semi-passive constructions in journalistic Hindi. You will often see headlines like 'नदियाँ प्रदूषित हो रही हैं' (Rivers are becoming polluted). The use of 'होना' (to be) emphasizes the state or the ongoing process rather than the perpetrator. This is a common way to discuss environmental crises where the causes are systemic rather than individual. Mastering this word allows you to participate in one of the most important socio-political dialogues in modern India, as pollution is a major electoral and social issue.

दिवाली के बाद दिल्ली की हवा बहुत प्रदूषित हो जाती है। (After Diwali, Delhi's air becomes very polluted.)

You will encounter प्रदूषित in several specific environments. If you are in India, simply turning on the news during the winter months will expose you to this word dozens of times a day. It is the standard term used by news anchors, environmentalists, and government officials when discussing the Air Quality Index (AQI) or the state of the holy rivers like the Ganga and Yamuna. It is not a word you would typically use for a messy room or a dirty plate; it is far more serious than that.

News and Media: Headlines like 'प्रदूषित हवा से सांस लेना मुश्किल' (Difficult to breathe due to polluted air) are common. News reports on industrial accidents or oil spills will also use this word to describe the damage to the local environment.
Educational Settings: In 'Paryavaran Shiksha' (Environmental Education) classes, students learn about 'प्रदूषित जल' (polluted water) and its effects on health. It is a foundational word in the Hindi science curriculum.
Public Service Announcements: The government often puts up hoardings or broadcasts radio messages urging people not to 'प्रदूषित' the environment by burning trash or dumping waste in public spaces.

आज रेडियो पर सुना कि शहर का पानी प्रदूषित है। (I heard on the radio today that the city's water is polluted.)

In daily conversation, if a local tells you, 'यहाँ का पानी प्रदूषित है, मत पीना' (The water here is polluted, don't drink it), they are giving you a serious health warning. The word carries an implication of toxicity that words like 'गंदा' (dirty) or 'अशुद्ध' (impure) might not fully capture in a physical sense. While 'अशुद्ध' is often used for ritual impurity (like not washing hands before a prayer), 'प्रदूषित' is strictly about material contamination. Therefore, hearing this word in a restaurant or near a water source is a cue to exercise extreme caution.

समाचार में कहा गया कि यमुना नदी बहुत प्रदूषित है। (It was said in the news that the Yamuna river is very polluted.)

Even though प्रदूषित is a straightforward adjective, learners often stumble in its application. The most common error is the confusion between the noun and the adjective. In English, 'pollution' and 'polluted' are distinct, and the same applies to Hindi with 'प्रदूषण' (Pradūṣan) and 'प्रदूषित' (Pradūṣit). A beginner might say 'Hawa pradushan hai' (Air is pollution) instead of 'Hawa pradushit hai' (Air is polluted). This is a fundamental categorical error that changes the meaning of the sentence significantly.

Adjective vs. Noun: Incorrect: यह नदी प्रदूषण है। (This river is pollution.)
Correct: यह नदी प्रदूषित है। (This river is polluted.)
Overusing it for 'Dirty': Using 'प्रदूषित' to describe a dirty floor or a stained shirt sounds very strange and overly dramatic. For everyday dirt, use 'गंदा' (gandā). Reserve 'प्रदूषित' for environmental or chemical contamination.

गलत: मेरी कमीज़ प्रदूषित है। (Wrong: My shirt is polluted.)
सही: मेरी कमीज़ गंदी है। (Right: My shirt is dirty.)

Another mistake is trying to pluralize or feminize the word. As mentioned earlier, 'प्रदूषित' is a Tatsama (Sanskrit loanword) adjective ending in a consonant sound (in Hindi pronunciation, though written with a vowel). It does not change to 'pradushiti' or 'pradushite'. It remains 'प्रदूषित' regardless of the noun's gender or number. Learners who are used to 'achha/achhe/achhi' often try to apply those rules here, which results in unnatural-sounding Hindi. Stick to the base form for everything.

Lastly, be careful with the pronunciation of the 'sh' sound. It is the retroflex 'ṣ' (ष), which in modern Hindi is usually pronounced like the 'sh' in 'shoe' (श). Some learners might accidentally say 'pradusit' with a simple 's' sound. While usually understood, using the correct 'sh' sound makes your Hindi sound more authentic and educated. The word is composed of 'Pra' (prefix) + 'dush' (root meaning bad/corrupt) + 'it' (suffix), so keeping the 'sh' clear is important for maintaining the root's integrity.

लोग प्रदूषित पानी पीकर बीमार हो रहे हैं। (People are getting sick by drinking polluted water.)

Hindi has several words that overlap with प्रदूषित, but each has a slightly different nuance. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about hygiene, ritual purity, or chemical contamination. Understanding these differences will help you sound more like a native speaker and less like a textbook.

गंदा (Gandā) vs. प्रदूषित (Pradūṣit): 'गंदा' is the general word for 'dirty' or 'filthy'. It is used for anything that is not clean—a room, clothes, hands. 'प्रदूषित' is specifically for environmental contamination. You can have 'गंदा पानी' (muddy water) that isn't necessarily 'प्रदूषित' (chemically toxic), though they often go together.
अशुद्ध (Ashuddh) vs. प्रदूषित (Pradūṣit): 'अशुद्ध' means 'impure' or 'incorrect'. It is used for language (grammar mistakes), ritual impurity (not being 'clean' for a religious rite), or mixtures (impure gold). 'प्रदूषित' is much more modern and scientific in its application.
मलिन (Malin) vs. प्रदूषित (Pradūṣit): 'मलिन' is a poetic or literary word for 'soiled' or 'gloomy'. It is often used to describe a face darkened by sadness or a river that has lost its shine. It is less clinical than 'प्रदूषित'.

दूध में मिलावट इसे अशुद्ध बनाती है, लेकिन ज़हर इसे प्रदूषित करता है। (Adulteration makes milk impure, but poison pollutes it.)

When writing formally, you might also encounter 'दूषित' (Dūṣit), which is the root of 'प्रदूषित'. The 'pra-' prefix adds intensity. 'दूषित' can be used for 'tainted' or 'spoiled' food (दूषित भोजन), while 'प्रदूषित' is more common for environmental scales. In most modern contexts, especially regarding the environment, 'प्रदूषित' is the preferred and more powerful term. If you want to describe a person's mind as 'corrupt', you would more likely use 'दूषित मानसिकता' (tainted mindset) rather than 'प्रदूषित'.

गाँव की हवा शहर की तुलना में कम प्रदूषित होती है। (Village air is less polluted compared to the city.)

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The root 'dūṣ' is also the source of the word 'Dosh' (दोष), which means a fault or sin in many Indian languages. So, when you say something is 'pradushit', you are literally saying it has been 'faulted' or 'sinned against' in a physical sense.

발음 가이드

UK /pɾə.d̪uː.ʃɪt̪/

US /prə.duː.ʃɪt/

The primary stress is on the second syllable 'dū'.

라임이 맞는 단어

दूषित (dūṣit) भूषित (bhūṣit) पोषित (pōṣit) घोषित (ghōṣit) शोषित (shōṣit) दोषी (dōṣī - near rhyme) खुशी (khushī - near rhyme) उचित (uchit - near rhyme)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'sh' (ष) as a simple 's' (स), making it 'pradusit'.
Pronouncing the 't' (त) as an alveolar 't' (as in 'table') instead of a dental 't'.
Shortening the long 'ū' sound in 'dū'.
Adding a vowel sound at the end (pradushita), which is Sanskrit but not modern Hindi.
Mispronouncing the 'pra' as 'par'.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize once the Sanskrit 'Pra-' prefix and '-it' suffix are understood.

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the retroflex 'sh' (ष).

말하기 3/5

The 'sh' and 't' sounds need careful pronunciation for clarity.

듣기 2/5

Commonly used in news, making it easy to spot.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

हवा (Air) पानी (Water) गंदा (Dirty) साफ (Clean) नदी (River)

다음에 배울 것

प्रदूषण (Pollution) पर्यावरण (Environment) स्वास्थ्य (Health) खतरनाक (Dangerous) समाधान (Solution)

고급

पारिस्थितिकी (Ecology) अवनयन (Degradation) विषाक्तता (Toxicity) सतत विकास (Sustainable Development) उत्सर्जन (Emission)

알아야 할 문법

Tatsama Adjectives Invariance

Pradushit hawa (F), Pradushit pani (M) - The adjective does not change.

Noun to Adjective derivation with '-it'

Dosh (Noun) -> Dushit (Adjective), Pradushan (Noun) -> Pradushit (Adjective).

Using 'Hona' for state changes

Hawa pradushit ho rahi hai (The air is becoming polluted).

Using 'Karna' for causative actions

Kachra pani ko pradushit karta hai (Trash pollutes the water).

Compound environmental nouns

Vayu-pradushan (Air pollution) uses the noun form, not the adjective.

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수준별 예문

यह पानी प्रदूषित है।

This water is polluted.

Simple subject + adjective + verb 'to be'.

हवा प्रदूषित है।

The air is polluted.

Note that 'hawa' is feminine, but 'pradushit' does not change.

शहर प्रदूषित है।

The city is polluted.

Describing a place.

वह नदी प्रदूषित है।

That river is polluted.

Using 'wah' (that) as a demonstrative pronoun.

क्या यह खाना प्रदूषित है?

Is this food contaminated?

Interrogative sentence structure.

यहाँ की हवा प्रदूषित है।

The air here is polluted.

Using 'yahan ki' to mean 'of here'.

प्रदूषित पानी मत पियो।

Don't drink polluted water.

Imperative sentence (command).

गाँव प्रदूषित नहीं है।

The village is not polluted.

Negative sentence with 'nahin'.

दिल्ली की हवा बहुत प्रदूषित हो गई है।

Delhi's air has become very polluted.

Using 'ho gayi hai' for a change in state.

प्रदूषित हवा में सांस लेना मुश्किल है।

It is difficult to breathe in polluted air.

Using 'mein' (in) with the adjective-noun pair.

फैक्ट्रियां पानी को प्रदूषित करती हैं।

Factories pollute the water.

Present simple tense 'karti hain'.

हमें प्रदूषित भोजन नहीं खाना चाहिए।

We should not eat contaminated food.

Using 'chahiye' for 'should'.

यह तालाब बहुत प्रदूषित है।

This pond is very polluted.

Using 'bahut' (very) to intensify the adjective.

धुआं हवा को प्रदूषित करता है।

Smoke pollutes the air.

Subject-object-verb structure.

क्या आपने प्रदूषित नदी देखी है?

Have you seen a polluted river?

Present perfect interrogative.

प्रदूषित वातावरण स्वास्थ्य के लिए बुरा है।

A polluted environment is bad for health.

Using 'ke liye' (for).

बढ़ती हुई गाड़ियों ने हवा को प्रदूषित कर दिया है।

Increasing vehicles have polluted the air.

Using 'kar diya hai' for the result of an action.

प्रदूषित जल से कई बीमारियां फैलती हैं।

Many diseases spread from polluted water.

Using 'se' (from/by).

सरकार प्रदूषित नदियों को साफ करने की कोशिश कर रही है।

The government is trying to clean polluted rivers.

Present continuous tense.

अगर हम कचरा फेंकेंगे, तो मिट्टी प्रदूषित हो जाएगी।

If we throw trash, the soil will become polluted.

Conditional sentence using 'agar... toh'.

प्रदूषित हवा बच्चों के लिए खतरनाक है।

Polluted air is dangerous for children.

Adjective modifying the subject.

क्या आपको लगता है कि यह समुद्र प्रदूषित है?

Do you think that this sea is polluted?

Complex sentence with 'ki' (that).

हमें प्रदूषित वातावरण में नहीं रहना चाहिए।

We should not live in a polluted environment.

Modal verb 'chahiye' in negative.

प्रदूषित पानी मछलियों के लिए हानिकारक है।

Polluted water is harmful to fish.

Scientific observation structure.

औद्योगिक कचरे ने भूजल को गंभीर रूप से प्रदूषित कर दिया है।

Industrial waste has seriously polluted the groundwater.

Use of 'gambhir roop se' (seriously/severely) as an adverbial phrase.

प्रदूषित हवा के कारण फेफड़ों की बीमारियां बढ़ रही हैं।

Lung diseases are increasing due to polluted air.

Using 'ke kaaran' (due to/because of).

प्लास्टिक के उपयोग से महासागर प्रदूषित हो रहे हैं।

Oceans are becoming polluted due to the use of plastic.

Passive-style 'ho rahe hain'.

यह क्षेत्र ध्वनि से अत्यधिक प्रदूषित है।

This area is excessively polluted by noise.

Describing noise pollution specifically.

प्रदूषित मिट्टी में फसलें अच्छी तरह से नहीं उगतीं।

Crops do not grow well in polluted soil.

Negative habitual present tense.

वैज्ञानिकों ने चेतावनी दी है कि हवा और अधिक प्रदूषित होगी।

Scientists have warned that the air will become even more polluted.

Future tense in a reported speech structure.

प्रदूषित वातावरण का असर मानसिक स्वास्थ्य पर भी पड़ता है।

The polluted environment also affects mental health.

Using 'par... padta hai' for 'affects'.

क्या कंपनियों को प्रदूषित जल के लिए दंडित किया जाना चाहिए?

Should companies be punished for polluted water?

Passive voice with 'kiya jaana chahiye'.

शहरीकरण की तीव्र गति ने प्राकृतिक संसाधनों को प्रदूषित कर दिया है।

The rapid pace of urbanization has polluted natural resources.

High-level vocabulary like 'teevra gati' and 'prakritik sansadhan'.

प्रदूषित विचारधारा समाज के ताने-बाने को नष्ट कर सकती है।

A polluted ideology can destroy the fabric of society.

Metaphorical use of 'pradushit'.

नदियों के प्रदूषित होने से जैव विविधता पर संकट मंडरा रहा है।

The pollution of rivers is endangering biodiversity.

Using gerund 'hone se' (due to being/becoming).

प्रदूषित वायुमंडल में सूक्ष्म कणों की मात्रा खतरनाक स्तर तक पहुँच गई है।

The amount of fine particles in the polluted atmosphere has reached dangerous levels.

Technical terminology like 'sukshma kan' (fine particles).

राजनीतिक लाभ के लिए सूचनाओं को प्रदूषित किया जा रहा है।

Information is being polluted for political gain.

Passive voice with 'kiya ja raha hai'.

प्रदूषित जल की समस्या का समाधान केवल तकनीक से संभव नहीं है।

The solution to the polluted water problem is not possible through technology alone.

Complex philosophical/policy statement.

हिमालय की नदियाँ भी अब प्रदूषित होती जा रही हैं।

Even the rivers of the Himalayas are now becoming polluted.

Using 'hoti ja rahi hain' for a gradual process.

प्रदूषित वातावरण में पलने वाले बच्चों का भविष्य क्या होगा?

What will be the future of children growing up in a polluted environment?

Participial phrase 'palne wale'.

उपभोक्तावादी संस्कृति ने न केवल पर्यावरण को बल्कि मानवीय संवेदनाओं को भी प्रदूषित किया है।

Consumerist culture has polluted not only the environment but also human sensibilities.

Sophisticated 'na keval... balki' structure.

प्रदूषित जल के पारिस्थितिक तंत्र पर पड़ने वाले दीर्घकालिक प्रभावों का अध्ययन अनिवार्य है।

The study of the long-term effects of polluted water on the ecosystem is mandatory.

Academic terms like 'paristhitik tantra' (ecosystem) and 'deerghkalik' (long-term).

सूचना के इस युग में, सत्य अक्सर प्रदूषित विमर्श के नीचे दब जाता है।

In this age of information, truth often gets buried under polluted discourse.

Abstract metaphorical usage in a social critique context.

प्रदूषित वायु के सूक्ष्म विश्लेषण से पता चलता है कि इसमें भारी धातुओं का मिश्रण है।

Micro-analysis of polluted air reveals that it contains a mixture of heavy metals.

Technical scientific Hindi.

नैतिक रूप से प्रदूषित समाज में न्याय की अपेक्षा करना व्यर्थ है।

It is futile to expect justice in a morally polluted society.

Adverbial use of 'naitik roop se' (morally).

औद्योगिक इकाइयों द्वारा उत्सर्जित प्रदूषित जल ने कृषि योग्य भूमि को बंजर बना दिया है।

The polluted water emitted by industrial units has turned arable land barren.

Complex sentence with multiple modifiers.

प्रदूषित वातावरण के विरुद्ध वैश्विक स्तर पर एक व्यापक आंदोलन की आवश्यकता है।

A comprehensive movement is needed at a global level against the polluted environment.

Formal call to action.

ज्ञान जब अहंकार से प्रदूषित हो जाता है, तो वह विनाशकारी बन जाता है।

When knowledge becomes polluted by ego, it becomes destructive.

Philosophical conditional sentence.

자주 쓰는 조합

प्रदूषित हवा

प्रदूषित जल

प्रदूषित वातावरण

प्रदूषित भोजन

अत्यधिक प्रदूषित

प्रदूषित मिट्टी

प्रदूषित मानसिकता

प्रदूषित शहर

प्रदूषित क्षेत्र

प्रदूषित करना

자주 쓰는 구문

प्रदूषित हवा से सांस लेना

— To breathe in polluted air. Often used in health warnings.

प्रदूषित हवा से सांस लेने से फेफड़े खराब होते हैं।

प्रदूषित जल की समस्या

— The problem of polluted water. A common news topic.

प्रदूषित जल की समस्या गंभीर हो रही है।

प्रदूषित वातावरण का प्रभाव

— The effect of a polluted environment.

प्रदूषित वातावरण का प्रभाव बच्चों पर ज्यादा पड़ता है।

प्रदूषित होने से बचाना

— To save from becoming polluted.

हमें प्रकृति को प्रदूषित होने से बचाना चाहिए।

नदियों को प्रदूषित करना

— To pollute the rivers. A common environmental complaint.

फैक्ट्रियां नदियों को प्रदूषित कर रही हैं।

प्रदूषित भोजन का सेवन

— Consumption of contaminated food.

प्रदूषित भोजन का सेवन न करें।

प्रदूषित वायु का स्तर

— The level of polluted air (AQI).

आज प्रदूषित वायु का स्तर बहुत ऊंचा है।

प्रदूषित मिट्टी की उर्वरता

— Fertility of polluted soil.

प्रदूषित मिट्टी की उर्वरता कम हो जाती है।

प्रदूषित माहौल में काम करना

— To work in a polluted environment (physical or metaphorical).

प्रदूषित माहौल में काम करना कठिन है।

प्रदूषित समुद्रों का संकट

— The crisis of polluted oceans.

प्रदूषित समुद्रों का संकट बढ़ रहा है।

자주 혼동되는 단어

प्रदूषित vs प्रदूषण (Pradūṣan)

This is the noun 'pollution'. Use 'pradushit' to describe something, and 'pradushan' to talk about the concept.

प्रदूषित vs गंदा (Gandā)

Means 'dirty'. Use 'ganda' for a messy room, but 'pradushit' for toxic water or air.

प्रदूषित vs अशुद्ध (Ashuddh)

Means 'impure'. Used for mixed substances or ritual status, while 'pradushit' is for environmental harm.

관용어 및 표현

"हवा प्रदूषित होना"

— Literally polluted air, but can idiomatically mean a bad atmosphere in a room.

बातचीत के बाद कमरे की हवा प्रदूषित हो गई।

Metaphorical

"मन प्रदूषित करना"

— To corrupt someone's mind with bad thoughts.

बुरी संगति ने उसका मन प्रदूषित कर दिया।

Informal/Moral

"माहौल प्रदूषित करना"

— To spoil the mood or atmosphere of a place/event.

उसकी कड़वी बातों ने माहौल प्रदूषित कर दिया।

Neutral

"विचारों का प्रदूषित होना"

— The corruption of ideas or ideologies.

आजकल सोशल मीडिया पर विचारों का प्रदूषित होना आम है।

Formal

"प्रदूषित राजनीति"

— Corrupt or 'dirty' politics.

प्रदूषित राजनीति देश का भला नहीं कर सकती।

Political

"प्रदूषित संबंधों की नींव"

— The foundation of tainted or toxic relationships.

झूठ पर प्रदूषित संबंधों की नींव नहीं टिकती।

Literary

"प्रदूषित विमर्श"

— Tainted or biased discourse/debate.

प्रदूषित विमर्श से सत्य छिप जाता है।

Academic

"प्रदूषित आत्मा"

— A 'polluted' or sinful soul.

लालच ने उसकी आत्मा को प्रदूषित कर दिया।

Spiritual

"प्रदूषित विरासत"

— A tainted legacy (e.g., debt or environmental damage).

हम अगली पीढ़ी को एक प्रदूषित विरासत दे रहे हैं।

Formal

"प्रदूषित रक्त"

— Literally infected blood, but can mean 'bad blood' between families.

उनके बीच प्रदूषित रक्त की पुरानी रंजिश है।

Literary/Archaic

혼동하기 쉬운

प्रदूषित vs प्रदूषण

Both look and sound similar.

Pradushan is a noun (the act/thing), Pradushit is an adjective (the state of the object).

शहर में प्रदूषण है। (There is pollution in the city.) vs शहर प्रदूषित है। (The city is polluted.)

प्रदूषित vs दूषित

They share the same root.

Dushit is a general word for 'tainted' or 'spoiled'. Pradushit is the specific environmental term.

दूषित भोजन (spoiled food) vs प्रदूषित हवा (polluted air).

प्रदूषित vs विषैला

Both imply harm.

Vishaila means 'poisonous' or 'venomous'. Pradushit means 'contaminated'. Something can be polluted without being instantly poisonous.

विषैला सांप (poisonous snake) vs प्रदूषित तालाब (polluted pond).

प्रदूषित vs गंदा

Both mean 'not clean'.

Ganda is everyday dirt. Pradushit is harmful/chemical contamination.

गंदे कपड़े (dirty clothes) vs प्रदूषित पानी (polluted water).

प्रदूषित vs अशुद्ध

Both mean 'not pure'.

Ashuddh is used for grammar or rituals. Pradushit is used for environmental science.

अशुद्ध हिंदी (incorrect Hindi) vs प्रदूषित पर्यावरण (polluted environment).

문장 패턴

[Subject] [प्रदूषित] है।

पानी प्रदूषित है।

[Subject] बहुत [प्रदूषित] हो गया है।

शहर बहुत प्रदूषित हो गया है।

[Agent] [Object] को [प्रदूषित] करता है।

धुआं हवा को प्रदूषित करता है।

[प्रदूषित] [Object] के कारण [Problem] हो रही है।

प्रदूषित पानी के कारण बीमारी हो रही है।

[प्रदूषित] [Abstract Noun] समाज के लिए [Negative Adjective] है।

प्रदूषित राजनीति समाज के लिए हानिकारक है।

[Object] का [प्रदूषित] होना [Consequence] का सूचक है।

नदियों का प्रदूषित होना विनाश का सूचक है।

हमें [प्रदूषित] [Object] से बचना चाहिए।

हमें प्रदूषित भोजन से बचना चाहिए।

क्या यह [Object] [प्रदूषित] है?

क्या यह तालाब प्रदूषित है?

어휘 가족

명사

प्रदूषण (Pradūṣan) - Pollution

प्रदूषक (Pradūṣak) - Pollutant

दोष (Dōṣ) - Fault/Defect

동사

प्रदूषित करना (Pradūṣit karnā) - To pollute

प्रदूषित होना (Pradūṣit honā) - To become polluted

형용사

प्रदूषित (Pradūṣit) - Polluted

दूषित (Dūṣit) - Contaminated/Tainted

दोषी (Dōṣī) - Guilty/At fault

사용법

frequency

Very high in media, education, and urban conversations.

자주 하는 실수

यह हवा प्रदूषण है। (Yeh hawa pradushan hai.) → यह हवा प्रदूषित है। (Yeh hawa pradushit hai.)
You used the noun 'pollution' instead of the adjective 'polluted'. Use 'pradushit' to describe the air.
प्रदूषिती नदी (Pradushiti nadi) → प्रदूषित नदी (Pradushit nadi)
You tried to make the adjective feminine to match 'nadi'. 'Pradushit' is invariant and does not change for gender.
मेरी मेज प्रदूषित है। (Meri mez pradushit hai.) → मेरी मेज गंदी है। (Meri mez gandi hai.)
Using 'pradushit' for a dusty table is too formal and dramatic. Use 'ganda' for everyday dirt.
प्रदूषित हवाओं (Pradushit hawaon) → प्रदूषित हवाएं (Pradushit hawaen)
While 'hawaen' is the plural, the adjective 'pradushit' remains the same. The mistake here is often in trying to pluralize the adjective itself.
प्रदुसित (Pradusit) → प्रदूषित (Pradushit)
The 's' sound is wrong. It must be the 'sh' (ष) sound. Pronouncing it with 's' sounds uneducated.

팁

Use for Environment

Always prefer 'pradushit' over 'ganda' when writing about nature, rivers, or the atmosphere to sound more proficient.

Don't Inflect

Remember that 'pradushit' doesn't change for gender or number. It’s a stable adjective that makes your life easier!

Dental 'T'

Make sure your tongue touches your upper teeth when saying the final 't'. Avoid the hard English 't' sound.

Health Alerts

If you see 'pradushit' on a water source in India, do not drink it. It's a serious warning of contamination.

Noun vs Adjective

Check your sentences to ensure you haven't used 'pradushan' (pollution) where you need 'pradushit' (polluted).

News Keywords

When reading Hindi news, 'pradushit' is a key word for environmental reports. Look for it near 'hawa' or 'nadi'.

Metaphorical Use

Impress native speakers by using it metaphorically for 'dirty politics' (pradushit rajniti).

The Retroflex 'Sh'

Practice writing the character 'ष'. It looks like 'प' with a diagonal line inside. This is the 'sh' in 'pradushit'.

Recognize the Prefix

Recognizing the 'Pra-' prefix helps you identify many formal Hindi adjectives. It often adds intensity.

The 'Dust' Link

Link 'Dushit' to 'Dust'. If it's full of toxic dust, it is 'Pradushit'.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Pra-' as 'Pro' (expert) and 'Dush' as 'Dust'. A 'Pro-Dust' environment is 'Pradushit' (polluted).

시각적 연상

Imagine a factory chimney pumping thick black smoke into a blue sky. The sky turning gray is becoming 'Pradushit'.

Word Web

Hawa (Air) Pani (Water) Mitti (Soil) Health Factories Cars Trash Smog

챌린지

Try to identify three things in your current city that you could describe as 'pradushit' and write a sentence for each using 'hai' or 'ho gaya hai'.

어원

Derived from the Sanskrit word 'प्रदूषित' (Pradūṣita). It is a combination of the prefix 'pra-' (प्र) and the past participle of the root 'dūṣ' (दुष्).

원래 의미: The root 'dūṣ' means to spoil, corrupt, or become bad. The prefix 'pra-' adds a sense of intensity or forward progression. Thus, it originally meant 'thoroughly spoiled' or 'corrupted.'

Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit Tatsama).

문화적 맥락

Be sensitive when using this word to describe someone's hometown or local river, as it can be taken as a harsh criticism of their living conditions.

English speakers might use 'dirty' for everything, but in Hindi-speaking cultures, using 'pradushit' shows a level of education and awareness regarding the environment.

Namami Gange (Government project to clean the polluted Ganga) Delhi Air Quality Index (AQI) reports Environmental poems by modern Hindi poets like Nagarjun

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Environmental News

प्रदूषित हवा का स्तर
नदियों का प्रदूषित जल
प्रदूषण नियंत्रण बोर्ड
प्रदूषित क्षेत्र

Health Advice

प्रदूषित पानी से बचें
प्रदूषित भोजन के खतरे
सेहत और प्रदूषित हवा
बीमारियों का कारण

School Science

प्रदूषित मिट्टी के प्रभाव
प्रदूषित करने वाले कारक
पर्यावरण को बचाएं
प्रदूषित जल का शोधन

Urban Living

प्रदूषित शहर
ट्रैफिक और प्रदूषित हवा
मास्क पहनना
शुद्ध हवा की कमी

Metaphorical/Social

प्रदूषित राजनीति
प्रदूषित मानसिकता
विचारों का प्रदूषण
माहौल प्रदूषित करना

대화 시작하기

"क्या आपको लगता है कि आपके शहर की हवा प्रदूषित है?"

"प्रदूषित नदियों को साफ करने के लिए हमें क्या करना चाहिए?"

"क्या आपने कभी प्रदूषित पानी पीने से बीमार महसूस किया है?"

"आपके देश में सबसे प्रदूषित शहर कौन सा है?"

"क्या दिवाली के दौरान हवा ज्यादा प्रदूषित हो जाती है?"

일기 주제

मेरे शहर में प्रदूषण की स्थिति कैसी है और यह मुझे कैसे प्रभावित करती है?

अगर मुझे एक प्रदूषित नदी को साफ करने का मौका मिले, तो मैं क्या करूँगा?

प्रदूषित वातावरण में रहने के क्या-क्या नुकसान हैं?

क्या आधुनिक जीवनशैली अनिवार्य रूप से दुनिया को प्रदूषित कर रही है?

प्रदूषित मानसिकता समाज के लिए पर्यावरण प्रदूषण से ज्यादा खतरनाक क्यों है?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, 'pradushit' is an invariant adjective. You can say 'pradushit hawa' (feminine) and 'pradushit pani' (masculine) without changing the word.

It's not recommended. It sounds too dramatic and formal. For a shirt, 'ganda' or 'maila' is better. Use 'pradushit' for serious contamination like chemicals or smoke.

'Pradushan' is a noun meaning 'pollution'. 'Pradushit' is an adjective meaning 'polluted'. Example: 'Pradushan bura hai' (Pollution is bad) vs 'Hawa pradushit hai' (The air is polluted).

You use the phrase 'प्रदूषित करना' (pradūṣit karnā). For example: 'Factories water ko pradushit karti hain'.

Yes, it is extremely common in news, school books, and conversations about the weather and health in India.

Rarely. It can be used metaphorically for a 'corrupt' or 'polluted' mind (pradushit mann), but it is never used to describe physical dirt on a person.

People often just use 'ganda' (dirty) in informal speech, but even in casual talk, 'pradushit' is used when discussing the environment because it's a specific term.

The most common opposites are 'svacch' (clean) and 'shuddh' (pure).

Actually, for 'noise pollution', we say 'dhwani pradushan'. To describe a place as noise-polluted, you would say 'dhwani se pradushit'.

Yes, in modern Hindi, the retroflex 'sh' (ष) is pronounced almost exactly like the 'sh' in 'shoe' or 'ship'.

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