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समुंदर

A2 noun 12분 분량

समुंदर

Sea or ocean.

samundar

At the A1 level, 'Samundar' is introduced as a basic noun for nature. Students learn that it means 'sea' and is a masculine noun. The focus is on simple identification: 'This is the sea' (यह समुंदर है) and basic adjectives like 'big' (बड़ा) and 'blue' (नीला). Learners are taught to associate the word with holidays and water. At this stage, the goal is simply to recognize the word when heard in a sentence and to be able to state whether they like the sea or not. The grammar is kept simple, avoiding complex postpositions or plural forms. It's about building a foundation where the sea is a place you visit or a thing you see in a picture book. Vocabulary is often paired with 'Pani' (water) and 'Machli' (fish).

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At the A2 level, learners begin to use 'Samundar' in more descriptive contexts. They learn to use postpositions like 'के किनारे' (by the side of) and 'में' (in). This allows them to say things like 'I am going to the sea' or 'The fish is in the sea.' A2 learners also start to understand the masculine gender agreement more consistently, ensuring that they say 'बड़ा समुंदर' and not 'बड़ी समुंदर'. They might also learn the word 'लहर' (wave) to describe the sea. The focus is on practical communication—describing a past vacation to a coastal city like Mumbai or Goa. They can now handle simple questions about the sea, such as 'How far is the sea from your house?' and can provide basic answers using the word 'Samundar'.

By B1, the learner's use of 'Samundar' becomes more fluid and nuanced. They start to encounter the word in songs and simple literature. They can use it to make comparisons, such as 'The sea is deeper than the river.' B1 students are introduced to the formal synonym 'Sagar' and understand when to use it versus 'Samundar'. They also begin to use the word metaphorically, perhaps in a simple idiom like 'Samundar mein boond' (a drop in the ocean). Their sentences become longer and more complex, involving conjunctions: 'I wanted to go to the sea, but it was raining.' They also learn about the ecological aspects, such as 'Samundar ka pradushan' (sea pollution), allowing them to participate in basic discussions about the environment.

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At the B2 level, 'Samundar' is used in abstract and professional contexts. Learners can follow news reports about naval activities or climate change impacting the sea. They are comfortable with the oblique plural 'समुंदरों' and can use it in complex sentence structures. They understand the cultural significance of the sea in Indian history and festivals. B2 students can discuss the differences between 'Samundar', 'Sagar', and 'Mahasagar' with precision. They also start to use more advanced idioms and literary expressions. For instance, they might describe a person's knowledge as 'vast as a sea'. Their ability to use the word in different registers—from a casual chat to a formal presentation—is well-developed at this stage.

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At the C1 level, the learner has a deep, intuitive grasp of 'Samundar'. They can appreciate the nuances in Bollywood lyrics where the word is used to evoke complex emotions. They can read classical Hindi poetry and understand archaic synonyms like 'Jaladhi'. C1 learners can write essays about the maritime history of India or the economic importance of the sea, using 'Samundar' and its synonyms interchangeably to create a varied and engaging text. They are sensitive to the stylistic choices between the Persian-origin 'Samundar' and the Sanskrit-origin 'Sagar'. They can use the word in subtle, ironic, or highly metaphorical ways, reflecting a mastery of the language's expressive potential. Their pronunciation is near-native, capturing the correct vowel lengths and emphasis.

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At the C2 level, 'Samundar' is just one tool in a vast linguistic arsenal. The learner can engage in high-level academic or philosophical debates where the sea might be used as a complex symbol for the subconscious or the infinite. They can translate intricate English texts about marine biology or maritime law into Hindi, choosing the most appropriate terminology. A C2 speaker can identify regional variations in how the word is used across the Hindi-speaking belt. They have a complete command over the word's etymology, its historical evolution, and its role in the collective consciousness of India. For a C2 learner, 'Samundar' is not just a word for water; it's a gateway to the entire cultural and emotional history of the Indian subcontinent's relationship with the ocean.

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समुंदर 30초 만에

Samundar is the standard Hindi word for 'sea' or 'ocean', widely used in daily life and popular culture.
It is a masculine noun, meaning you use masculine adjectives like 'nila' (blue) or 'bada' (big) with it.
Commonly heard in Bollywood songs and coastal cities, it carries both geographical and emotional significance.
While 'Sagar' is a formal alternative, 'Samundar' is the most natural choice for conversation and travel.

The Hindi word समुंदर (Samundar) is a quintessential noun used to describe the vast expanse of saltwater that covers most of the Earth's surface. While technically translating to both 'sea' and 'ocean,' it is most frequently used in everyday conversation to refer to the sea, especially the coastline. In the linguistic landscape of India, which is bounded by the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean, this word carries immense geographical and cultural weight. Learners should note that while सागर (Sāgar) is its Sanskrit-derived synonym often found in formal literature or news, समुंदर is the more colloquial, Persian-influenced term that resonates in the hearts of common people and the lyrics of Bollywood songs.

Grammatical Gender: Masculine (Pulling). This means adjectives and verbs associated with it will take masculine endings, such as 'बड़ा समुंदर' (Big sea) rather than 'बड़ी'.

मुंबई में समुंदर बहुत खूबसूरत दिखता है। (The sea looks very beautiful in Mumbai.)

People use 'Samundar' not just to talk about the physical body of water, but also as a metaphor for depth, vastness, and mystery. If someone has a 'heart like a sea' (समुंदर जैसा दिल), it implies they are incredibly generous or have deep emotions. It is a word that evokes the sound of waves, the smell of salt, and the feeling of infinite horizons. In coastal regions like Maharashtra, Goa, or Kerala, 'Samundar' is a part of daily life, influencing the weather, the food, and the economy. For a learner at the A2 level, mastering this word is essential for describing vacations, nature, and geography. It is one of the first 'nature' nouns taught because of its high frequency in media.

Register: Neutral to Informal. Suitable for movies, songs, and family chats. Use 'Sagar' for high-level poetry or scientific contexts.

क्या तुमने कभी समुंदर में तैरना सीखा है? (Have you ever learned to swim in the sea?)

The word is also deeply embedded in the concept of the 'Seven Seas' (सात समुंदर), a phrase often used to denote traveling far across the globe. When you hear this word in a movie, it often accompanies a scene of longing or adventure. It is less clinical than 'ocean' (महासागर) and more romantic. Understanding 'Samundar' allows you to tap into the emotional geography of the Hindi-speaking world, where the sea is often seen as a silent witness to human stories. Whether you are discussing the climate or your last trip to the beach, this word is your primary tool.

समुंदर की लहरें बहुत ऊँची हैं। (The waves of the sea are very high.)

Synonym Comparison: Unlike 'Nadi' (river), which is feminine and flows, 'Samundar' is masculine and contains. This distinction is vital for correct grammar.

नीला समुंदर आँखों को सुकून देता है। (The blue sea gives peace to the eyes.)

जहाज समुंदर के बीच में है। (The ship is in the middle of the sea.)

Using समुंदर correctly involves understanding its role as a masculine noun and how it interacts with postpositions. In Hindi, nouns often change their form when followed by words like 'में' (in), 'का' (of), or 'से' (from). However, for 'Samundar', the singular form remains the same in the oblique case. For example, 'In the sea' is 'समुंदर में'. If you are talking about multiple seas, the plural is 'समुंदर' (nominative) or 'समुंदरों' (oblique/vocative). Let's look at the variety of ways you can build sentences around this word, ranging from simple descriptions to complex actions.

Direct Object Usage: When the sea is the receiver of an action. Example: 'मैंने समुंदर देखा' (I saw the sea).

बच्चे समुंदर के किनारे खेल रहे हैं। (The children are playing by the seashore.)

One of the most common sentence patterns involving 'Samundar' is the possessive 'का/के/की'. Since 'Samundar' is masculine, the 'ka' changes based on the gender of the *next* word. For instance, 'समुंदर का पानी' (Sea's water - water is masculine) but 'समुंदर की लहरें' (Sea's waves - waves are feminine). This is a classic stumbling block for English speakers, so pay close attention to the word following 'Samundar'. Furthermore, when describing the attributes of the sea, use masculine adjectives like 'गहरा' (deep), 'शांत' (calm), or 'तूफानी' (stormy).

Comparative Sentences: Using 'से' to compare. Example: 'यह झील समुंदर से छोटी है' (This lake is smaller than the sea).

रात को समुंदर बहुत डरावना लग सकता है। (At night, the sea can look very scary.)

In more advanced usage, 'Samundar' acts as a location for verbs of motion. You don't just go 'to' the sea; you go 'toward' the sea (समुंदर की तरफ) or 'into' the sea (समुंदर के अंदर). If you are describing a location, you might say 'समुंदर पार' (across the sea), which is a common way to refer to foreign lands or overseas travel. The versatility of the word allows it to be used in scientific contexts (समुंदर का बढ़ता स्तर - rising sea levels) as well as romantic ones (तुम्हारी आँखों में समुंदर है - there is a sea in your eyes). Practicing these variations will help you move from basic A2 level to B1 proficiency.

मछुआरे सुबह-सुबह समुंदर में जाते हैं। (Fishermen go into the sea early in the morning.)

क्या आपने कभी समुंदर की गहराई के बारे में सोचा है? (Have you ever thought about the depth of the sea?)

Pluralization: Nominative plural: समुंदर (The seas are...). Oblique plural: समुंदरों (In the seas...).

दुनिया में पाँच बड़े समुंदर हैं। (There are five big seas/oceans in the world.)

हमें समुंदर को साफ़ रखना चाहिए। (We should keep the sea clean.)

In the real world, समुंदर is a word that rings through the air in coastal cities like Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata. If you are walking down Marine Drive in Mumbai, you will hear vendors, tourists, and locals all using this word. It's not just a word for a map; it's a destination. You'll hear it in weather forecasts on the radio, especially during the monsoon season when 'समुंदर में ऊँची लहरें' (high waves in the sea) are a common warning for fishermen. The word is ubiquitous in Bollywood music, where it symbolizes everything from the depth of love to the distance between lovers. Songs like 'सात समुंदर पार' (Across the seven seas) have made the term a part of the global Indian identity.

News & Media: Used in reports about cyclones, naval exercises, and environmental issues. Journalists often use 'Samundar' to make the news relatable to the general public.

आज समुंदर का मिजाज कुछ बदला हुआ है। (The mood of the sea is somewhat changed today - a poetic way news anchors might start a report.)

In schools, children learn about the 'Indian Ocean' as 'हिंद महासागर', but when they go on a school trip to the beach, they shout, 'देखो, समुंदर!' (Look, the sea!). This highlights the distinction between the academic term and the lived experience. You will also hear it in religious contexts, particularly during festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi in Mumbai, where the idols are immersed in the sea. The 'Samundar' becomes a sacred space for a day, and the word is chanted in prayers and news coverage alike. In literature, it is the setting for tales of merchants and sailors, bridging the gap between India and the rest of the world.

Travel & Tourism: Travel agencies use it to sell 'Sea-view' (समुंदर की तरफ वाला) rooms and beach packages.

होटल से समुंदर का नज़ारा दिखता है। (The view of the sea is visible from the hotel.)

Interestingly, even in landlocked parts of North India, like Delhi or Punjab, 'Samundar' remains a powerful word in the imagination. It represents the unknown, the far-off, and the exotic. In everyday idioms, people might say 'राई का पहाड़ और समुंदर की बूँद' (A mountain from a mustard seed and a drop in the ocean) to discuss scale. Whether you are reading a high-octane thriller set on a ship or a simple children's story about a fish, 'Samundar' is the stage upon which these stories unfold. It is a word that connects the diverse linguistic regions of India through a shared relationship with the coast.

जहाज़ समुंदर की लहरों से टकरा रहा था। (The ship was clashing with the waves of the sea.)

क्या तुम समुंदर के किनारे घर लेना चाहते हो? (Do you want to buy a house by the sea?)

Daily Conversations: Used when planning weekend trips or discussing the heat (the sea breeze or 'Samundar ki hawa').

चलो शाम को समुंदर के पास चलते हैं। (Let's go near the sea in the evening.)

वह समुंदर की तरह गहरा इंसान है। (He is a deep person like the sea.)

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using समुंदर is related to its grammatical gender. In English, 'sea' is neuter, but in Hindi, it is strictly masculine. Beginners often mistakenly treat it as feminine because they associate large, beautiful things with femininity, or they confuse it with नदी (Nadi - River), which is feminine. Saying 'समुंदर बहुत बड़ी है' (The sea is very big [feminine]) is a classic giveaway of a non-native speaker. The correct form is 'समुंदर बहुत बड़ा है'. Always match your adjectives and verbs to the masculine gender of 'Samundar'.

Gender Mismatch: Mistake: 'समुंदर नीली है' (The sea is blue [fem]). Correct: 'समुंदर नीला है' (The sea is blue [masc]).

लोग अक्सर समुंदर को 'नदी' समझ लेते हैं। (People often mistake the sea for a 'river' - grammatically.)

Another mistake is the spelling and pronunciation. Some learners might pronounce it with a heavy 'Sh' sound (Shamundar), but it is a clear 'S' sound. Spelling-wise, while 'समंदर' (Samandar) and 'समुंदर' (Samundar) are both acceptable, mixing them up in the same document can look inconsistent. It's best to stick to 'समुंदर' as it is the standard form in most textbooks. Additionally, learners often struggle with the oblique case. They might try to change the word ending to 'e' like 'Samundre mein', but 'Samundar' is an 'a-ending' masculine noun that doesn't change in the singular oblique form. It stays 'समुंदर में'.

Vocabulary Confusion: Confusing 'Samundar' with 'Sagar'. While they mean the same, 'Sagar' is used for names and formal contexts, whereas 'Samundar' is the go-to for daily life.

गलती: समुंदर की पानी खारा है। (Mistake: The sea's water is salty - 'ki' is wrong because 'pani' is masc). सही: समुंदर का पानी खारा है।

A more subtle mistake involves the use of 'Samundar' versus 'Mahasagar'. English speakers often use 'Ocean' for the big bodies (Atlantic, Pacific) and 'Sea' for smaller ones (Mediterranean). In Hindi, 'Samundar' is used for both in casual talk. However, if you are in a geography class, using 'Samundar' for the 'Pacific Ocean' might be seen as imprecise. You should use 'प्रशांत महासागर'. Lastly, avoid using 'Samundar' when you mean 'Beach'. In English, we say 'I am going to the sea,' but in Hindi, it's more common to say 'I am going to the seashore' (मैं समुंदर के किनारे जा रहा हूँ) if you mean you'll be standing on the sand.

क्या आप समुंदर में तैर सकते हैं? (Can you swim in the sea? - Use 'mein' for 'in'.)

वह समुंदर से डरता है। (He is afraid of the sea - 'se' for 'of/from'.)

Adjective Agreement: Always use: गहरा समुंदर (deep sea), शांत समुंदर (calm sea), विशाल समुंदर (vast sea).

हमें समुंदर का सम्मान करना चाहिए। (We should respect the sea.)

जहाज समुंदर के ऊपर तैरता है। (The ship floats on the sea.)

While समुंदर is the most versatile term, Hindi offers a rich palette of synonyms that carry different nuances, registers, and origins. Understanding these alternatives will make your Hindi sound more sophisticated and precise. The most prominent alternative is सागर (Sāgar). While 'Samundar' comes from Persian, 'Sagar' is pure Sanskrit (Tatsam). You will find 'Sagar' in formal speeches, literature, and names. For example, the 'Arabian Sea' is 'अरब सागर'. If you want to sound more poetic or academic, 'Sagar' is your best bet. Then there is महासागर (Mahāsāgar), which literally means 'Great Sea' and is used specifically for oceans like the Atlantic or Pacific.

Sagar (सागर): The formal, Sanskrit-derived equivalent. Used in news, geography, and classical poetry. Example: 'सागर की गहराई' (The depth of the ocean).

हिंद महासागर भारत के दक्षिण में है। (The Indian Ocean is to the south of India - note the use of महासागर.)

For those interested in highly literary or archaic Hindi, words like जलधि (Jaladhi), पयोधि (Payodhi), and रत्नाकर (Ratnākar) exist. 'Ratnakar' is particularly beautiful as it means 'mine of jewels,' reflecting the ancient belief that the sea was full of treasures. You likely won't use these in a coffee shop, but you'll see them in old poems. On the other end of the spectrum, if you are talking about a smaller body of water like a bay or a gulf, you would use खाड़ी (Khāṛī). For instance, the 'Bay of Bengal' is 'बंगाल की खाड़ी'. Knowing when to switch from 'Samundar' to 'Khari' is a sign of a B1-B2 level speaker.

Dariya (दरिया): Often used for a large river, but in Sufi poetry, it can also mean the sea or the 'river of life'. It has a very romantic feel.

यह प्रेम एक दरिया है जिसमें डूबना पड़ता है। (This love is a river/sea in which one must drown - metaphorical.)

When discussing the shore, don't just say 'Samundar'. Use तट (Tat) or किनारा (Kinārā). 'Tat' is more formal (coastal), while 'Kinara' is common (edge/shore). If you are talking about the beach specifically (the sandy part), you might use the English loanword 'बीच' (Beach) or the Hindi चौपाटी (Chaupāṭī) in Mumbai. Finally, for the 'blue water' itself, some might use नीला पानी (Nīlā pānī). By learning these synonyms, you can avoid repetition in your writing and understand the subtle shifts in tone when reading Hindi literature or watching Bollywood films.

गोवा के तट बहुत साफ़ हैं। (The coasts of Goa are very clean.)

वह समुंदर के किनारे टहल रहा है। (He is strolling by the seashore.)

Sindhu (सिंधु): An ancient word for the sea or the Indus River. It's the root of the words 'Hindu' and 'India'.

प्राचीन काल में सिंधु को पार करना वर्जित था। (In ancient times, crossing the sea/Indus was forbidden.)

हमें समुंदर की लहरों का संगीत पसंद है। (We like the music of the sea waves.)

How Formal Is It?

격식체

중립

비격식체

Child friendly

속어

재미있는 사실

There is a mythical creature in Persian folklore called the 'Samandar' (salamander) that was believed to be born in fire or live in the sea. The Hindi word for sea shares this phonetic root.

발음 가이드

UK /sə.mʊn.d̪əɾ/

US /sə.mʊn.d̪ər/

Primary stress is on the second syllable 'mun'.

라임이 맞는 단어

बंदर (Bandar - Monkey) अंदर (Andar - Inside) मंदर (Mandar - Mountain/Temple) कलंदर (Kalandar - Wanderer) सिकंदर (Sikandar - Alexander/Winner) छछूँदर (Chhachhundar - Shrew) जालंधर (Jalandhar - A city name) धुरंधर (Dhurandhar - Expert)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 's' as 'sh' (Shamundar).
Using a hard English 'd' instead of the soft Hindi dental 'd'.
Making the 'u' too long (Samoon-dar).
Rolling the 'r' too heavily.
Stressing the first syllable instead of the second.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to read as it follows standard phonetic rules. The 'u' matra is common.

쓰기 3/5

The conjunct 'nd' (ुं) can be tricky for beginners to place correctly.

말하기 2/5

Simple to pronounce if you avoid the 'sh' sound. Very common word.

듣기 2/5

Easily recognizable in songs and news due to its distinct rhythm.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

पानी (Water) नीला (Blue) बड़ा (Big) नदी (River) मछली (Fish)

다음에 배울 것

लहर (Wave) जहाज (Ship) तट (Coast) मछुआरा (Fisherman) गहरा (Deep)

고급

पारिस्थितिकी (Ecology) ज्वार-भाटा (Tides) नौसेना (Navy) खारापन (Salinity) जलमग्न (Submerged)

알아야 할 문법

Masculine Noun Endings

समुंदर (consonant ending) is masculine, so adjectives end in 'a' (बड़ा समुंदर).

Oblique Case (Singular)

Nouns ending in consonants don't change in singular oblique: समुंदर में (In the sea).

Oblique Case (Plural)

Consonant-ending masculine nouns take 'on' in oblique plural: समुंदरों में (In the seas).

Postposition Agreement

The 'ka/ke/ki' changes based on the following word: समुंदर का पानी (masc), समुंदर की लहरें (fem).

Compound Postpositions

Using 'ke' with location markers: समुंदर के किनारे (by the sea).

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수준별 예문

यह समुंदर है।

This is the sea.

Simple subject-verb-object structure.

समुंदर नीला है।

The sea is blue.

Adjective 'नीला' matches masculine 'समुंदर'.

समुंदर बड़ा है।

The sea is big.

Adjective 'बड़ा' matches masculine 'समुंदर'.

वहाँ समुंदर है।

The sea is there.

Use of 'वहाँ' for location.

मुझे समुंदर पसंद है।

I like the sea.

Dative construction with 'मुझे... पसंद है'.

समुंदर में मछली है।

There is fish in the sea.

Use of postposition 'में' (in).

पानी समुंदर का है।

The water is of the sea.

Genitive 'का' matches masculine 'पानी'.

क्या यह समुंदर है?

Is this the sea?

Interrogative sentence with 'क्या'.

हम समुंदर के किनारे गए।

We went to the seashore.

Compound postposition 'के किनारे'.

समुंदर का पानी खारा होता है।

Sea water is salty.

'होता है' denotes a general fact.

आज समुंदर बहुत शांत है।

Today the sea is very calm.

Adverb 'बहुत' modifying adjective 'शांत'.

क्या तुम समुंदर में तैरोगे?

Will you swim in the sea?

Future tense 'तैरोगे'.

मुंबई समुंदर के पास है।

Mumbai is near the sea.

Postposition 'के पास' (near).

समुंदर की लहरें ऊँची हैं।

The sea's waves are high.

'की' matches feminine plural 'लहरें'.

मैंने कल समुंदर देखा।

I saw the sea yesterday.

Past tense 'देखा' with 'मैंने'.

बच्चे समुंदर में खेल रहे हैं।

Children are playing in the sea.

Present continuous tense.

समुंदर की गहराई नापना मुश्किल है।

It is difficult to measure the depth of the sea.

Infinitive 'नापना' used as a noun.

जहाज समुंदर के बीच में फंस गया।

The ship got stuck in the middle of the sea.

Compound verb 'फंस गया'.

समुंदर में कई तरह के जीव रहते हैं।

Many types of creatures live in the sea.

Phrase 'कई तरह के' (many types of).

तूफान के कारण समुंदर डरावना लग रहा था।

The sea was looking scary due to the storm.

'के कारण' meaning 'due to'.

वह सात समुंदर पार से आया है।

He has come from across the seven seas.

Idiomatic use of 'सात समुंदर पार'.

समुंदर का किनारा बहुत साफ़ और सुंदर है।

The seashore is very clean and beautiful.

Two adjectives joined by 'और'.

मछुआरे समुंदर से मछलियाँ पकड़ते हैं।

Fishermen catch fish from the sea.

Habitual present tense.

हमें समुंदर को प्रदूषित नहीं करना चाहिए।

We should not pollute the sea.

Modal verb 'चाहिए' (should).

समुंदर के बढ़ते स्तर से तटीय शहरों को खतरा है।

Coastal cities are at risk from rising sea levels.

Adjective 'बढ़ते' (rising) in the oblique case.

उसकी आँखों में दुखों का एक समुंदर था।

There was a sea of sorrows in her eyes.

Metaphorical use of 'समुंदर'.

समुंदर की लहरें रेत के घरों को बहा ले गईं।

The sea waves washed away the sandcastles.

Compound verb 'बहा ले गईं'.

नौसेना समुंदर की सीमाओं की रक्षा करती है।

The navy protects the sea borders.

Genitive 'की' with feminine 'सीमाओं'.

समुंदर के नीचे एक अलग ही दुनिया बसी है।

A whole different world lives under the sea.

Use of 'ही' for emphasis.

चाँद की वजह से समुंदर में ज्वार-भाटा आता है।

Tides occur in the sea because of the moon.

Scientific term 'ज्वार-भाटा' (tides).

वह समुंदर की लहरों पर सर्फिंग कर रहा था।

He was surfing on the waves of the sea.

Past continuous tense.

समुंदर का शोर मन को शांति देता है।

The sound of the sea gives peace to the mind.

Subject 'शोर' (noise) is masculine.

समुंदर की अनंतता मनुष्य को उसकी लघुता का अहसास कराती है।

The infinity of the sea makes man realize his smallness.

Abstract nouns like 'अनंतता' and 'लघुता'.

साहित्य में समुंदर को अक्सर भावनाओं का प्रतीक माना गया है।

In literature, the sea is often considered a symbol of emotions.

Passive construction 'माना गया है'.

समुंदर के गर्भ में न जाने कितने रहस्य छिपे हुए हैं।

Who knows how many mysteries are hidden in the womb of the sea.

Poetic phrase 'समुंदर के गर्भ में'.

जलवायु परिवर्तन समुंदर के पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र को बिगाड़ रहा है।

Climate change is disrupting the sea's ecosystem.

Technical term 'पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र' (ecosystem).

समुंदर की खामोश गहराई में एक अजीब सी हलचल थी।

There was a strange stir in the silent depths of the sea.

Use of 'सी' for 'like/sort of'.

उसका ज्ञान समुंदर की तरह अथाह और विशाल है।

His knowledge is bottomless and vast like the sea.

Adjective 'अथाह' (bottomless).

समुंदर ने अपनी लहरों से इतिहास की कई कहानियाँ लिखी हैं।

The sea has written many stories of history with its waves.

Personification of the sea.

तटवर्ती क्षेत्रों में समुंदर का प्रभाव संस्कृति पर साफ़ दिखता है।

The influence of the sea on culture is clearly visible in coastal areas.

Sanskritized vocabulary like 'तटवर्ती' and 'प्रभाव'.

समुंदर की गर्जना में प्रकृति का रौद्र रूप प्रकट होता है।

Nature's fierce form is revealed in the roar of the sea.

High-level vocabulary: 'गर्जना', 'रौद्र', 'प्रकट'.

मानव सभ्यता का विकास समुंदर के व्यापारिक मार्गों पर निर्भर रहा है।

The development of human civilization has depended on the sea's trade routes.

Complex noun phrase 'व्यापारिक मार्गों'.

समुंदर न केवल जीवन का स्रोत है, बल्कि यह संहारक भी हो सकता है।

The sea is not only a source of life, but it can also be a destroyer.

Correlative conjunction 'न केवल... बल्कि'.

दार्शनिकों ने अक्सर आत्मा की तुलना समुंदर की बूंद से की है।

Philosophers have often compared the soul to a drop of the sea.

Comparison using 'तुलना... से की है'.

समुंदर के ज्वार की तरह, मानवीय भावनाएँ भी घटती-बढ़ती रहती हैं।

Like the sea tides, human emotions also ebb and flow.

Reduplicative verb 'घटती-बढ़ती' (fluctuating).

वैश्विक राजनीति में समुंदर के संसाधनों पर नियंत्रण एक मुख्य मुद्दा है।

Control over sea resources is a major issue in global politics.

Political/Economic register.

समुंदर की अगाध शांति के पीछे एक अनवरत संघर्ष छिपा होता है।

Behind the profound peace of the sea lies a continuous struggle.

Adjective 'अगाध' (unfathomable).

समुंदर को पार करना कभी साहस का पर्याय माना जाता था।

Crossing the sea was once considered synonymous with courage.

Use of 'पर्याय' (synonym/equivalent).

자주 쓰는 조합

समुंदर का किनारा

गहरा समुंदर

समुंदर की लहरें

नीला समुंदर

समुंदर का पानी

समुंदर पार

शांत समुंदर

तूफानी समुंदर

समुंदर की सतह

समुंदर का नज़ारा

자주 쓰는 구문

सात समुंदर पार

समुंदर में बूँद

समुंदर की लहरों जैसा

समुंदर का राजा

समुंदर सा दिल

समुंदर की गहराई

समुंदर की हवा

समुंदर की खोज

समुंदर का सफ़र

समुंदर के बीच

자주 혼동되는 단어

समुंदर vs नदी (Nadi)

Nadi is a river (freshwater, feminine). Samundar is the sea (saltwater, masculine).

समुंदर vs झील (Jheel)

Jheel is a lake. Even a very large lake is never called a Samundar unless it's saltwater like the Caspian Sea.

समुंदर vs तालाब (Talab)

Talab is a small pond or tank, much smaller than a Samundar.

관용어 및 표현

"समुंदर मंथन करना"

To churn the ocean; to work very hard to get a result (from mythology).

सफलता के लिए समुंदर मंथन करना पड़ता है।

Literary

"राई का पहाड़ और समुंदर की बूँद"

To exaggerate small things and ignore big ones.

तुम हमेशा राई का पहाड़ बनाते हो।

Colloquial

"समुंदर पी जाना"

To drink the whole sea; to achieve the impossible.

उसने अपनी मेहनत से समुंदर पी लिया।

Poetic

"आँखों में समुंदर होना"

To have a sea in the eyes; to be very sad or deep.

उसकी आँखों में दुखों का समुंदर है।

Poetic

"समुंदर को रास्ता देना"

To give way to the sea; to yield to a great force.

मुसीबत में समुंदर को रास्ता देना ही बेहतर है।

Metaphorical

"समुंदर की तरह खामोश"

Silent like the sea; someone who is very quiet but has a lot inside.

वह समुंदर की तरह खामोश रहता है।

Neutral

"समुंदर पार की बातें"

Talk of across the sea; things that are foreign or exotic.

वह हमेशा समुंदर पार की बातें करता है।

Informal

"समुंदर में आग लगाना"

To set the sea on fire; to do something impossible or cause chaos.

उसकी बातों ने समुंदर में आग लगा दी।

Slang/Metaphorical

"समुंदर का बेटा"

Son of the sea; a sailor or someone very connected to the sea.

वह खुद को समुंदर का बेटा कहता है।

Informal

"खारे समुंदर की प्यास"

Thirst of a salty sea; a desire that can never be satisfied.

लालच खारे समुंदर की प्यास जैसा है।

Literary

혼동하기 쉬운

समुंदर vs समंदर (Samandar)

Alternative spelling.

It is exactly the same word, just a variant spelling/pronunciation often used in Urdu-influenced Hindi.

सात समंदर पार।

समुंदर vs सागर (Sagar)

Same meaning.

Sagar is more formal and Sanskrit-based. Samundar is more common and Persian-based.

प्रशांत सागर।

समुंदर vs महासागर (Mahasagar)

Both refer to big water bodies.

Mahasagar specifically means 'Ocean' (e.g., Atlantic). Samundar is more general and often means 'Sea'.

हिंद महासागर।

समुंदर vs खाड़ी (Khari)

Both are saltwater.

Khari is a bay or gulf (e.g., Bay of Bengal). Samundar is the open sea.

बंगाल की खाड़ी।

समुंदर vs तट (Tat)

Related to the sea.

Tat means the coast or bank. Samundar is the water itself.

समुंदर का तट।

문장 패턴

यह [Adjective] समुंदर है।

यह नीला समुंदर है।

मैं समुंदर के [Location] जा रहा हूँ।

मैं समुंदर के किनारे जा रहा हूँ।

समुंदर [Object] से [Comparison] है।

समुंदर नदी से बड़ा है।

[Reason] के कारण समुंदर [State] है।

तूफान के कारण समुंदर अशांत है।

समुंदर की [Abstract Noun] [Verb].

समुंदर की गहराई डराती है।

जैसे समुंदर [Action], वैसे ही [Action].

जैसे समुंदर शांत होता है, वैसे ही मन होना चाहिए।

क्या आपने [Adjective] समुंदर देखा है?

क्या आपने कभी इतना बड़ा समुंदर देखा है?

समुंदर में [Noun] होते हैं।

समुंदर में बहुत सारे जहाज होते हैं।

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Extremely high in coastal regions; high in general conversation and media.

자주 하는 실수

समुंदर बड़ी है। (Samundar badi hai) → समुंदर बड़ा है। (Samundar bada hai)
Samundar is masculine, so the adjective must be 'bada', not 'badi'.
समुंदर की पानी। (Samundar ki pani) → समुंदर का पानी। (Samundar ka pani)
Pani (water) is masculine, so you must use 'ka', even if you think the sea is feminine.
शमुंदर (Shamundar) → समुंदर (Samundar)
The starting sound is a plain 'S', not a 'Sh'.
समुंद्रे में (Samundre mein) → समुंदर में (Samundar mein)
Consonant-ending masculine nouns don't change to 'e' in the oblique singular.
Using 'Samundar' for a river. → Using 'Nadi' for a river.
English speakers sometimes use 'water' or 'sea' generically. In Hindi, the distinction between Samundar (sea) and Nadi (river) is strict.

팁

Gender Check

Always remember Samundar is a boy! Adjectives and verbs must agree. Never say 'Samundar acchi hai', always say 'Samundar accha hai'.

Colloquial vs Formal

Use 'Samundar' when talking to friends or describing your trip. Use 'Sagar' if you are writing a formal essay or a poem.

Soft 'D'

The 'd' in Samundar is dental. Touch your tongue to your upper teeth, not the roof of your mouth. This makes you sound more native.

Coastal Context

If you are in Mumbai, the word 'Samundar' almost always refers to the Arabian Sea. Context is key!

Rhyme Time

Rhyme it with 'Andar' (inside). There are fish 'Andar' the 'Samundar'.

Spelling Variant

Don't be confused if you see 'समंदर' (without the 'u'). It's a common variation, but 'समुंदर' is more standard for learners.

Song Lyrics

Listen to the song 'Saat Samundar Paar' to hear the word repeated many times in a catchy rhythm.

Seashore Phrase

Memorize the phrase 'Samundar ke kinare' as a single unit. It's the most common way to say you are at the sea.

Possessive Marker

Remember: 'Samundar KA pani' (masc) but 'Samundar KI lehrein' (fem). The 'ka/ki' depends on the next word!

Metaphorical Use

Try using 'Samundar' to describe someone's deep eyes or vast knowledge to sound more poetic.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Sun' + 'Moon' + 'Door'. The SUN and the MOON look beautiful from the DOOR of a beach house by the SAMUNDAR.

시각적 연상

Imagine a giant blue 'S' shape formed by a wave crashing on the shore. The 'S' stands for Samundar.

Word Web

Water Blue Fish Ship Waves Salt Beach Mumbai

챌린지

Write three sentences about what you would pack for a trip to the SAMUNDAR. Use at least two adjectives.

어원

Derived from the Persian word 'samandar', which itself has roots in Middle Persian. It entered Hindi through the influence of Persian in the medieval period.

원래 의미: The word originally referred to the sea or a large body of water, and in some contexts, it was also associated with a mythical salamander that lived in fire/water.

Indo-Aryan (via Indo-Iranian/Persian influence).

문화적 맥락

Be respectful when discussing the sea in coastal areas where it provides a livelihood but also poses a threat during cyclones.

English speakers often distinguish between 'sea' and 'ocean'. In Hindi conversation, 'Samundar' covers both, but 'Mahasagar' is used for formal geography.

Movie: 'Sagar' (1985) Song: 'Saat Samundar Paar' Book: 'The Old Man and the Sea' (translated as 'Buddha aur Samundar')

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Vacation

समुंदर का किनारा (Seashore)
बीच पर जाना (Going to the beach)
तैरना (Swimming)
धूप सेंकना (Sunbathing)

Weather

ऊँची लहरें (High waves)
तूफान (Storm)
समुंदरी हवा (Sea breeze)
चक्रवात (Cyclone)

Geography

हिंद महासागर (Indian Ocean)
द्वीप (Island)
खाड़ी (Bay)
तटरेखा (Coastline)

Food

समुंदरी भोजन (Seafood)
ताजी मछली (Fresh fish)
झींगा (Prawn)
खारा पानी (Saltwater)

Emotion

गहराई (Depth)
विशालता (Vastness)
शांति (Peace)
रहस्य (Mystery)

대화 시작하기

"क्या आपको समुंदर के किनारे बैठना पसंद है? (Do you like sitting by the seashore?)"

"आपने सबसे सुंदर समुंदर कहाँ देखा है? (Where have you seen the most beautiful sea?)"

"क्या आप समुंदर में तैरना जानते हैं? (Do you know how to swim in the sea?)"

"मुंबई का समुंदर आपको कैसा लगा? (How did you like the sea in Mumbai?)"

"क्या आप कभी समुंदर के जहाज पर बैठे हैं? (Have you ever sat on a sea ship?)"

일기 주제

समुंदर के किनारे बिताए गए अपने किसी एक दिन के बारे में लिखिए। (Write about a day you spent by the seashore.)

अगर आप समुंदर के बीच एक टापू पर अकेले हों, तो आप क्या करेंगे? (If you were alone on an island in the middle of the sea, what would you do?)

समुंदर हमें जीवन के बारे में क्या सिखा सकता है? (What can the sea teach us about life?)

समुंदर को प्रदूषण से बचाने के लिए हमें क्या करना चाहिए? (What should we do to save the sea from pollution?)

अपनी पसंदीदा समुंदर की यात्रा का वर्णन करें। (Describe your favorite sea trip.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Samundar is a masculine noun. You should use masculine adjectives like 'बड़ा' (bada) and 'नीला' (neela) with it. For example, 'समुंदर बहुत गहरा है' (The sea is very deep).

They both mean the same thing. Samundar is the more common, everyday word (Persian origin), while Sagar is more formal, academic, or poetic (Sanskrit origin). You'll hear Samundar in songs and Sagar in news or geography books.

You can say 'समुंदर के किनारे' (Samundar ke kinare), which literally means 'by the side of the sea'. In cities like Mumbai, people also use the English word 'beach' or 'chowpatty'.

The 'u' is short (ु). It is pronounced quickly, like the 'u' in 'put', not like the 'oo' in 'boot'.

Yes, in casual conversation, Samundar is used for both seas and oceans. However, if you want to be scientifically accurate, use 'Mahasagar' for an ocean.

No, 'Samundar' ends in a consonant and is masculine, so it does not change in the singular oblique case. It remains 'समुंदर में'.

The nominative plural is 'समुंदर' (the same as singular). The oblique plural (used with postpositions) is 'समुंदरों'. For example, 'दुनिया के समुंदरों में' (In the seas of the world).

It is a popular idiom and song title meaning 'Across the seven seas'. It's used to describe someone who has moved to a very far-off foreign country.

The word for waves is 'लहरें' (lehrein), which is feminine plural. So you would say 'समुंदर की लहरें' (the sea's waves).

While 'Sagar' is a very common male name, 'Samundar' is rarely used as a personal name in India, though it might appear in some regional surnames or titles.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기