B1 · 중급 챕터 34

Advanced Passive

4 총 규칙
48 예문
1 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the dynamic 'bli' passive to describe actions as they happen to you.

  • Identify when to use 'bli' instead of the s-passive.
  • Conjugate 'bli' accurately across past, present, and future tenses.
  • Construct complex passive sentences to focus on the action rather than the actor.
Focus on the action, not the actor.

배울 내용

Using 'bli'-passive for dynamic actions. This builds on the s-passive knowledge.

  • Bli-passive
    When the action matters more than the actor, use 'bli' plus the past participle.
  • Bli vs S-passive
    Bli is for 'happening right now' events; S is for 'how things are' or formal writing.
  • Passive in Tenses
    Shift focus from the 'doer' to the 'done-to' by adding an -s or using 'bli'.
  • Passive Construction
    Use '-s' for formal/general actions and 'bli' for specific events where the 'doer' is secondary.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Describe a news event or a personal experience using the 'bli' passive effectively.

주요 예문 (8)

1

Beslutet har blivit fattat av styrelsen.

The decision has been made by the board.

Bli-passive
2

Alla biljetter blev sålda på en timme.

All tickets were sold in one hour.

Bli-passive
3

Beslutet fattades igår.

The decision was made yesterday.

Bli vs S-passive
4

Vi blev överraskade av nyheten.

We were surprised by the news.

Bli vs S-passive
5

Beslutet fattades av styrelsen.

The decision was made by the board.

Passive in Tenses
6

Många böcker har skrivits om ämnet.

Many books have been written about the subject.

Passive in Tenses
7

Beslutet fattas av chefen.

The decision is made by the boss.

Passive Construction
8

Många tidningar läses på nätet.

Many newspapers are read online.

Passive Construction

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

Check the tense

Ensure 'bli' is in the correct tense (blir, blev, har blivit).
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli-passive
🎯

The 'R' Rule

When forming the present s-passive, always delete the '-r' from the present tense first. 'Skriver' -> 'Skrivs'. If you keep the 'r', you'll sound like you're speaking an old dialect!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli vs S-passive
💡

The 'Av' Rule

Whenever you want to say WHO did the action in a passive sentence, always use 'av'. Example: 'Boken lästes av barnet'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive in Tenses
💡

The 'By' Rule

If you can add 'by zombies' (av zombies) after the verb and it still makes sense, it's a passive construction!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Construction

핵심 어휘 (5)

bli to become blev became (past) blivit have become stulen stolen ombyggd rebuilt/renovated

Real-World Preview

alert-triangle

Reporting a crime

Review Summary

  • bli + past participle
  • -s suffix vs bli-passive
  • blev/blir/har blivit + participle
  • Agent + av + [person]

자주 하는 실수

After 'bli', you must use the past participle, not the infinitive or present tense.

Wrong: Huset blev målas.
정답: Huset blev målat.

Ensure the participle agrees with the subject's gender/number.

Wrong: Boken blev läses av mig.
정답: Boken blev läst av mig.

The subject should come first in a passive construction.

Wrong: Det blev stulen min väska.
정답: Min väska blev stulen.

Next Steps

You have navigated the complexities of the Swedish passive voice with grace. Keep practicing and your fluency will soar!

Rewrite news headlines from active to passive.

Continue to: Reported Speech

빠른 연습 (10)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Huset blir måla.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Huset blir målat
Neuter agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli-passive

Which sentence describes a specific event that happened in the past?

A: Huset målades varje år. B: Huset blev målat igår.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: B
Bli-passive is used for specific, one-time events.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Construction

Choose the correct participle.

Boken blir ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: läst
Boken is singular.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli-passive

Fill in the correct form of 'bli'.

Huset ___ målat i går.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: blev
The action happened in the past.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli-passive

Which sentence is a correct bli-passive?

How do you say 'He was bitten'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Han blev biten.
Bli + past participle describes the action of being bitten.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive in Tenses

Choose the best formal passive for a report.

The decision was made.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Beslutet fattades.
The s-passive is the standard choice for formal reports.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive in Tenses

How do you say 'It is said that...'?

___ att han är bäst.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Det sägs
'Det sägs' is the standard reported passive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Construction

Which verb is NOT passive but deponent?

A: Lagas, B: Hoppas, C: Skrivs

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: B
'Hoppas' (to hope) is a deponent verb; it's active in meaning.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Construction

Correct the mistake: 'Han är född i Stockholm.' (Hint: It's an event)

Find and fix the mistake:

Han ___ i Stockholm.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: föddes
Birth is treated as a past passive event in Swedish: 'föddes'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Passive Construction

Fill in the correct form.

Projektet har ___ avslutat.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: blivit
Perfect tense uses 'blivit'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Bli-passive

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

Use 'bli' for specific, dynamic actions. Use 's' for general or timeless statements.
No, only include 'av' if the agent is important to the meaning.
Technically yes, but you will sound very informal. In a job application or an essay, you should use the -s form to sound professional.
When you drop the -r, if the stem ends in a consonant, you often keep the vowel -e- for easier pronunciation. So läs-e-r becomes läs-e-s.
The 's-passiv' is more formal and used for general facts or habits. The 'bli-passiv' is more common in speech and describes a specific event or change.
Yes, 'av' is used to introduce the agent (the person doing the action) in both s-passive and bli-passive sentences.
이전 챕터
Conditionals
다음 챕터
Reported Speech
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