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A2 verb 10분 분량

düşmek

예시 düşmek 30초 만에
설명 düşmek in your Level:
At the A1 level, 'düşmek' is primarily taught as a physical action verb meaning 'to fall'. Students learn it in the context of everyday accidents and nature. It is one of the first verbs used to practice the past tense (-dı) and the present continuous tense (-yor). At this stage, the focus is on simple subject-verb structures like 'Elma düştü' (The apple fell) or 'Çocuk düştü' (The child fell). Learners also start to see how it interacts with the dative case for direction, specifically in the phrase 'yere düşmek' (to fall to the ground). The goal for an A1 learner is to recognize the word in a story and use it to describe a basic physical event. It is often introduced alongside body parts (e.g., 'Dizimin üstüne düştüm' - I fell on my knee) to build practical vocabulary. Simple warnings like 'Düşme!' (Don't fall!) are also common at this level.
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At the A2 level, learners expand the use of 'düşmek' to include non-physical decreases and common idiomatic expressions. This is where the verb becomes more versatile. Students learn that prices, temperatures, and quantities can 'fall'. For example, 'Hava sıcaklığı düştü' (The weather temperature fell). A2 learners also encounter the verb in the context of 'falling to one's share', such as 'Bu ödev bana düştü' (This homework fell to me). This level introduces the causative form 'düşürmek' (to drop) to help students distinguish between an accidental fall and an intentional or accidental dropping of an object. Understanding the difference between 'Cüzdanım düştü' (My wallet fell) and 'Cüzdanımı düşürdüm' (I dropped my wallet) is a key milestone for A2 students. They also begin to learn basic idioms like 'yola düşmek' (to set out on a journey).
By B1, students are expected to use 'düşmek' in more complex metaphorical and social contexts. The verb is frequently found in news reports and more advanced storytelling. B1 learners study idioms like 'gözden düşmek' (to fall out of favor) and 'dile düşmek' (to become the subject of gossip). They also learn about the 'cemre' tradition (heat falling into nature) and other cultural nuances. At this level, the grammar focus shifts to using 'düşmek' within complex sentences and subordinate clauses, such as 'Düşmemek için duvara tutundu' (He held onto the wall in order not to fall). The verb is also used to describe technological failures like 'internet düştü' (the internet dropped). B1 students should be comfortable using 'düşmek' to describe trends in data, such as a decrease in the number of tourists or a fall in unemployment rates.
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At the B2 level, 'düşmek' is used with a high degree of nuance, particularly in literature and formal discussions. Students explore its use in military and historical contexts, such as 'Konstantinopolis'in düşüşü' (The fall of Constantinople). They also learn more sophisticated idioms like 'peşine düşmek' (to chase after someone/something) and 'tuzağa düşmek' (to fall into a trap). B2 learners are expected to understand the subtle differences between 'düşmek' and its synonyms like 'azalmak', 'gerilemek', or 'devrilmek' in various registers. They might also encounter the verb in philosophical or psychological contexts, such as 'karamsarlığa düşmek' (to fall into pessimism). The use of 'düşmek' in the passive voice ('düşülmek') or in complex verb-noun combinations becomes more frequent at this level.
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C1 learners encounter 'düşmek' in its most abstract and literary forms. This includes its use in classical Turkish poetry and high-level academic texts. The verb might be used to describe the 'falling' of a legal case or the 'falling' of a parliamentary motion. C1 students analyze how 'düşmek' contributes to the tone of a text, whether it's the tragic fall of a hero or the satirical fall of a politician. They also learn rare and archaic idioms like 'payına düşmek' in legal contexts or 'sekteye düşmek' (to be interrupted/stalled). At this level, the learner should be able to use the verb to express subtle shifts in mood, social dynamics, or abstract logical sequences. They can also distinguish between the literal and highly figurative uses in complex metaphors where 'düşmek' might represent a moral or spiritual decline.
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At the C2 level, the mastery of 'düşmek' is absolute. The learner understands every possible shade of meaning, including its role in various Turkish dialects and historical evolutions. They can use the verb in creative writing to evoke specific emotions or to play with wordplay. C2 speakers recognize the verb's use in specialized fields like law, aviation, and advanced economics without hesitation. They are also familiar with the most obscure proverbs involving the word, such as 'Düşen ağaca balta vuran çok olur' (Many people strike the fallen tree with an axe). At this stage, 'düşmek' is not just a verb but a versatile tool for nuanced expression, allowing the speaker to convey complex ideas about fate, responsibility, and the natural order of things with precision and cultural depth.
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예시

düşmek 30초 만에

  • Düşmek is the primary Turkish verb for 'to fall', covering physical accidents, gravity, and objects moving downward from a height.
  • It is used metaphorically for any decrease, such as falling prices, dropping temperatures, or a decrease in a person's fever.
  • The verb also signifies 'occurrence' (e.g., a holiday falling on a day) and 'assignment' (e.g., a task falling to someone).
  • In historical or military contexts, it describes the capture of a city or fortress by an opposing force.

The Turkish verb düşmek is a fundamental pillar of the language, primarily translating to 'to fall' in English. However, its semantic range extends far beyond the simple gravitational pull acting on an object. In its most literal sense, it describes the movement of something from a higher position to a lower one, often involuntarily or suddenly. For instance, when an apple falls from a tree or a person slips on ice, düşmek is the primary verb used. But to truly master Turkish, one must understand that this verb acts as a metaphor for various states of decline, transition, and occurrence.

Physical Descent
This is the most common usage, referring to objects or living beings losing their balance or height. It implies a lack of control. Whether it is a leaf falling in autumn or a vase falling from a shelf, the core action remains the same.

Çocuk parkta oynarken aniden yere düştü ve ağlamaya başladı.

Beyond physics, düşmek is frequently employed to describe a decrease in value, quantity, or intensity. In a financial context, if the value of the Turkish Lira decreases or if the price of bread is reduced, we say it 'falls'. Similarly, if a fever breaks or the temperature drops, the verb of choice is düşmek. This usage aligns closely with the English concept of 'falling prices' or 'falling temperatures'.

Reduction and Decrease
Used for abstract measurements like temperature, prices, percentages, and even emotions. It signifies a downward trend from a previous peak.

Furthermore, the verb is used for temporal occurrences. If a holiday 'falls' on a Monday, or if your birthday 'falls' on a weekend, you use düşmek. This is a direct parallel to English usage. However, a uniquely Turkish nuance involves the concept of 'falling into' a situation or a place, such as falling into a trap (tuzağa düşmek) or even falling in love (aşka düşmek, though aşık olmak is more common).

Bu yıl Kurban Bayramı yaz aylarına düşüyor.

Allocation and Assignment
When a responsibility or a portion of something is given to a person, it 'falls' to them. For example: 'Mirasın büyük kısmı ona düştü' (The largest part of the inheritance fell to him).

Finally, in military or historical contexts, düşmek refers to the capture of a city, fortress, or position by an enemy. When a city 'falls', it means its defenses have been breached and it is now under new control. This conveys a sense of total collapse and surrender.

Uzun süren kuşatmanın ardından şehir nihayet düştü.

Using düşmek correctly requires an understanding of Turkish case endings, as the verb interacts with nouns in specific ways depending on the context. The most frequent case associated with physical falling is the ablative case (-dan/-den), which indicates the point of origin—where the object fell from. Conversely, the dative case (-a/-e) is used to indicate where the object fell to.

The Ablative (-dan) Pattern
Used to specify the starting point of the fall. Example: 'Ağaçtan düştü' (It fell from the tree). Note how the suffix -tan attaches to the noun 'ağaç'.

Cüzdanım cebimden düşmüş ama fark etmedim.

When describing a destination, the dative case is employed. For example, 'Yere düştü' means 'It fell to the ground'. You can combine these to provide a complete picture: 'Masadan yere düştü' (It fell from the table to the ground). This structure is logical and follows the standard directional flow of the Turkish language.

The Dative (-a/-e) Pattern
Used to specify the target or destination of the fall. Example: 'Suya düştü' (It fell into the water). Note how 'su' takes the buffer 'y' and the suffix 'a'.

In metaphorical contexts, such as the decrease of prices or values, the subject of the sentence is the item whose value is decreasing. 'Fiyatlar düştü' (Prices fell). Here, no specific case ending is needed on the subject itself, but you might use a locative case (-da/-de) or an ablative case to provide more context about where or why they fell.

Dolar kuru bugün biraz düştü.

One advanced usage involves the verb being used with the dative case to mean 'to fall to someone' (as in responsibility). 'Bu iş bana düştü' (This job fell to me/became my responsibility). In this construction, the person receiving the responsibility is in the dative case (bana, sana, ona).

Assignment Pattern
[Noun] + [Person in Dative] + düşmek. Example: 'Temizlik işi Ahmet'e düştü' (The cleaning job fell to Ahmet).

Finally, remember that 'düşmek' can be used in various tenses. Because it is a verb that often describes a sudden event, the definite past tense (-dı/-di) is extremely common. However, for continuous trends like falling prices, the present continuous (-yor) is appropriate.

The word düşmek is ubiquitous in daily Turkish life. You will hear it in the most mundane settings, such as a mother warning her child in a park, to the most serious environments, like a news anchor reporting on the stock market. In the streets of Istanbul, if someone slips on a wet pavement, passersby will immediately rush over asking 'Düştünüz mü?' (Did you fall?). This shows its primary role as a verb of physical accident.

'Dikkat et, orası kaygan, düşebilirsin!'

In a commercial context, düşmek is the word of the day during sales seasons. Shopkeepers might shout 'Fiyatlar düştü!' (Prices have fallen!) to attract customers. Similarly, in financial news, you will hear phrases like 'Altın fiyatları düşüşe geçti' (Gold prices started to fall). The noun form düşüş (the fall/the decrease) is often paired with the verb to describe a trend.

Market and Economy
Commonly heard in bazaars, news reports, and banking apps. It refers to the devaluation of currency or the lowering of costs.

Culturally, the word appears in many idioms that you will hear in social conversations. For example, if someone is being gossiped about, people might say 'Dile düştü' (He/She fell into [people's] tongues). If someone loses their prestige, they 'fall from the eye' (gözden düşmek). These idiomatic uses are deeply embedded in how Turks describe social status and reputation.

Yaptığı hatadan sonra müdürün gözünden düştü.

In the realm of technology and social media, the word has taken on new life. If a website is down, users will say 'Site düştü'. On social media, if a post goes viral or 'lands' on the explore page, people might use the verb to describe its arrival. It's also used when a phone call gets disconnected: 'Hat düştü' (The line fell/dropped).

Modern Technology
Used for dropped calls, crashed servers, or disconnected internet. It implies a loss of connection or failure of a digital system.

Lastly, in military history and news regarding conflicts, you will hear 'Şehir düştü' or 'Kale düştü'. This is a somber usage indicating that a place has been conquered. This historical weight makes the word feel very powerful when used in political or historical narratives.

For English speakers, the most common mistake when using düşmek is related to case endings. In English, we 'fall on the ground', but in Turkish, you 'fall to the ground' (yere düşmek). Using the locative case (yerde düşmek) is a frequent error; this would imply that you were already on the ground and then fell, which is logically confusing.

Case Confusion
Mistake: 'Masada düştü' (Fell at/on the table).
Correct: 'Masadan düştü' (Fell from the table).

Yanlış: Bisikletde düştüm.
Doğru: Bisikletten düştüm.

Another mistake involves confusing düşmek with düşürmek. The latter is the causative form, meaning 'to drop' or 'to cause to fall'. If you accidentally drop your phone, you should say 'Telefonumu düşürdüm'. If you say 'Telefonum düştü', it means the phone fell on its own. English speakers often use the intransitive 'fall' when they mean the transitive 'drop'.

A subtle mistake occurs in the context of 'falling in love'. While 'aşka düşmek' exists in poetry and older literature, using it in modern daily conversation might sound a bit overly dramatic or archaic. The standard way to say 'I fell in love' is 'Aşık oldum'. However, 'sevdaya düşmek' is a common romantic expression in songs.

Over-literal Translation
Don't translate 'fall asleep' as 'uykuya düşmek'. The correct Turkish expression is 'uykuya dalmak' (to dive into sleep).

Finally, learners sometimes use düşmek when they mean 'to fail'. While a grade can 'fall' (decrease), if you fail an exam, you 'stay' (kalmak) in the class or the exam. Saying 'Sınavdan düştüm' doesn't mean you failed; it would literally mean you fell off the exam paper!

Yanlış: Matematik sınavından düştüm.
Doğru: Matematik sınavından kaldım.

While düşmek is the general word for falling, Turkish offers more specific verbs for different types of movement. Understanding these can make your Turkish sound much more natural and precise. For instance, if someone trips and falls, you might use tökezlemek (to stumble) before they actually düşmek.

Düşmek vs. Devrilmek
'Düşmek' is a general fall. 'Devrilmek' specifically means to topple over or capsize. A tree or a tall vase usually 'devrilir' (topples) rather than just 'düşer' (falls).
Düşmek vs. Azalmak
When talking about numbers or quantities, 'düşmek' sounds more sudden and dramatic. 'Azalmak' (to decrease/lessen) is more neutral and can describe a gradual process.

Sıcaklık aniden düştü (sudden), ama rüzgar yavaşça azaldı (gradual).

In the context of 'falling into' a state, consider dalmak (to dive). As mentioned before, 'falling asleep' is uykuya dalmak. This conveys a sense of immersion. Another alternative is inmek (to descend/to go down). While düşmek is usually involuntary, inmek is often a controlled movement, like walking down stairs or getting off a bus.

For abstract 'falls' like a decline in quality, gerilemek (to regress/decline) might be more appropriate in professional settings. If a sports team is performing poorly, you would say their performance 'düştü', but their ranking 'geriledi' (went backward).

Düşmek vs. Sarkmak
'Sarkmak' means to hang down or sag. If a branch is hanging low, it 'sarkıyor'. If it breaks and hits the ground, it 'düştü'.

Finally, in slang, you might hear çakılmak (to crash/to be nailed down). This is used when someone fails spectacularly or when a plane crashes violently. It's a much more intense version of düşmek.

발음 가이드

UK /dyʃ.ˈmek/
US /djuʃ.ˈmɛk/
The stress is typically on the second syllable: düş-MEK.
라임이 맞는 단어
Gülmek Ölmek Bilmek Gelmek Silmek Bölmek Sevmek Yenmek
자주 하는 실수
  • Pronouncing 'ü' as 'u' (doosh-mek instead of dush-mek).
  • Softening the final 'k' too much.
  • Putting the stress on the first syllable.
  • Confusing 'ş' with 's'.
  • Over-emphasizing the 'e' in 'mek'.
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수준별 예문

1

Elma ağaçtan düştü.

The apple fell from the tree.

Ablative case (-tan) shows where it fell from.

2

Dikkat et, düşme!

Be careful, don't fall!

Negative imperative mood.

3

Yere düştüm.

I fell to the ground.

Dative case (-e) shows where I fell to.

4

Kalem masadan düştü.

The pen fell from the table.

Simple past tense (-dü).

5

Kar yağıyor, karlar yere düşüyor.

It is snowing, the snow is falling to the ground.

Present continuous tense (-yor).

6

Bebek yataktan düştü mü?

Did the baby fall from the bed?

Interrogative particle 'mü'.

7

Yapraklar sonbaharda düşer.

Leaves fall in autumn.

Aorist tense (-er) for general facts.

8

Top suya düştü.

The ball fell into the water.

Dative case (-a) with 'su'.

1

Dolar bugün biraz düştü.

The dollar fell a bit today.

Used for financial decrease.

2

Hava sıcaklığı sıfırın altına düştü.

The air temperature fell below zero.

Used for temperature.

3

Bu iş sana düştü.

This job fell to you (It's your responsibility).

Dative case (sana) for the person responsible.

4

Fiyatlar çok düştü, hemen almalısın.

Prices fell a lot, you should buy now.

Used for price reduction.

5

Telefonumun şarjı düştü.

My phone's battery (charge) fell/dropped.

Metaphorical use for energy levels.

6

Okulda merdivenlerden düştü.

He/She fell from the stairs at school.

Plural ablative (-lerden).

7

Yola erken düşmeliyiz.

We should set out on the road early.

Idiom: yola düşmek (to set out).

8

Ateşi nihayet düştü.

His/Her fever finally fell.

Used for medical symptoms.

1

Herkesin diline düştüler.

They fell into everyone's tongue (They became the subject of gossip).

Idiom: dile düşmek.

2

Hırsız polisin eline düştü.

The thief fell into the hands of the police.

Metaphorical capture.

3

Yalan söyleyince gözden düştü.

He fell from the eye when he lied (He lost respect).

Idiom: gözden düşmek.

4

Bu yıl doğum günüm hafta sonuna düşüyor.

This year my birthday falls on the weekend.

Used for temporal occurrence.

5

İnternet bağlantısı sürekli düşüyor.

The internet connection keeps dropping.

Technological usage.

6

Uçağın hızı aniden düştü.

The plane's speed suddenly fell.

Used for technical measurements.

7

O, kötü yola düştü.

He/She fell into a bad way (started living a bad life).

Idiom for moral decline.

8

Sınav stresi yüzünden zayıf düştü.

He/She became weak due to exam stress.

Idiom: zayıf düşmek (to become weak).

1

Şehir, aylar süren kuşatmadan sonra düştü.

The city fell after months of siege.

Military context: capture of a city.

2

Mirasın büyük bir kısmı en küçük kardeşe düştü.

A large part of the inheritance fell to the youngest brother.

Assignment of shares.

3

Olaydan sonra büyük bir karamsarlığa düştü.

After the incident, he fell into a great pessimism.

Abstract state of mind.

4

Peşine düştüğümüz ipucu bizi buraya getirdi.

The clue we chased after brought us here.

Idiom: peşine düşmek.

5

Hükümetin güvenoyu düşebilir.

The government's vote of confidence might fall.

Political context.

6

Bu sözler onun kalbine bir ateş gibi düştü.

These words fell like fire into his heart.

Poetic metaphor.

7

Sistemdeki bir hata yüzünden kayıtlar düştü.

Records were lost (fell) due to a system error.

Data loss context.

8

Yorgunluktan olduğu yere düşüverdi.

He suddenly fell right where he was from exhaustion.

Compound verb: düşüvermek (sudden action).

1

Bu kanun teklifi meclis gündeminden düştü.

This bill fell off the parliament's agenda.

Formal/Legal context.

2

Gönlüne bir sevda ateşi düştü ki sormayın.

A fire of love fell into his heart, don't even ask.

Literary/Poetic style.

3

Yatırımlar geçen yıla oranla ciddi ölçüde düştü.

Investments fell significantly compared to last year.

Formal economic register.

4

O, her zaman zayıfların yanına düşer.

He always falls (ends up) on the side of the weak.

Philosophical stance.

5

Dava, zaman aşımı nedeniyle düştü.

The case was dropped (fell) due to the statute of limitations.

Legal terminology.

6

Kelimeler dudaklarından tane tane düşüyordu.

Words were falling one by one from her lips.

Descriptive literary imagery.

7

Ülke genelinde üretim sekteye düştü.

Production across the country fell into a halt/was interrupted.

Idiom: sekteye düşmek.

8

Bu görev, onun yetki alanına düşmüyor.

This task does not fall within his area of authority.

Professional/Bureaucratic usage.

1

Zihnimdeki taşlar yavaş yavaş yerine düşüyor.

The stones in my mind are slowly falling into place (Everything is making sense).

Metaphorical realization.

2

Hükümdarın ölümüyle devlet büyük bir zaafa düştü.

With the death of the ruler, the state fell into a great weakness/vulnerability.

Historical/Academic register.

3

Onun bu tavrı, haysiyetine gölge düşürdü.

This attitude of his cast a shadow on (fell a shadow upon) his dignity.

Idiom: gölge düşürmek (causative of düşmek).

4

Sözleri, kalabalığın üzerine bir sessizlik gibi düştü.

His words fell like a silence upon the crowd.

Advanced literary simile.

5

Eski hatıraların peşine düşmek ona acı veriyordu.

Chasing after old memories was giving him pain.

Abstract use of 'peşine düşmek'.

6

Bu mesele, iki ülke arasındaki ilişkilerin gerilmesine düşen ilk kıvılcımdı.

This issue was the first spark that fell into the straining of relations between the two countries.

Complex political metaphor.

7

Her şairin payına biraz yalnızlık düşer.

A bit of loneliness falls to every poet's share.

Philosophical/Poetic observation.

8

Sistemdeki açıklar fark edilince güvenlik seviyesi düştü.

When the vulnerabilities in the system were noticed, the security level fell.

Technical/Cybersecurity context.

동의어

İnmek Azalmak Devrilmek Sarkmak Çökmek Gerilemek Sükut etmek Yıkılmak

반의어

Çıkmak Yükselmek Artmak Kalkmak

자주 쓰는 조합

Yere düşmek
Fiyatlar düşmek
Ateşi düşmek
Yola düşmek
Gözden düşmek
Hata düşmek
Payına düşmek
Şehir düşmek
Ayrı düşmek
Dile düşmek

자주 쓰는 구문

Düşeş gelmek

— To have a stroke of luck (literally rolling double sixes in backgammon).

İş görüşmesi tam bir düşeş oldu.

Düşman eline düşmek

— To be captured by the enemy.

Askerler düşman eline düştü.

Düşün yakamdan

— Leave me alone / Get off my back.

Yeter artık, düşün yakamdan!

Düşüp kalkmak

— To have ups and downs or to associate with someone.

Hayat düşüp kalkarak öğrenilir.

Düşman çatlatmak

— To make one's enemies jealous.

Yeni arabasıyla düşman çatlatıyor.

Düşman başına

— May it happen to one's enemies (used for something very bad).

Böyle hastalık düşman başına.

Düşünceli olmak

— To be thoughtful or worried (related root).

Bugün çok düşünceli görünüyorsun.

Düşük yapmak

— To have a miscarriage (medical term).

Maalesef bebek düştü.

Düşkün olmak

— To be very fond of something or to be destitute.

Tatlıya çok düşkündür.

Düşe kalka

— With great difficulty / By trial and error.

Bu işi düşe kalka öğrendik.

관용어 및 표현

"Gözden düşmek"

— To lose someone's respect or favor.

Yalanları ortaya çıkınca gözden düştü.

Social
"Dile düşmek"

— To become the subject of gossip.

Bu olaydan sonra bütün mahallenin diline düştü.

Social
"Aşka düşmek"

— To fall in love (poetic).

Genç yaşta bir kara aşka düştü.

Literary
"Yola düşmek"

— To set out on a journey.

Güneş doğmadan yola düştük.

Neutral
"Peşine düşmek"

— To follow or pursue someone/something.

Polis hırsızın peşine düştü.

Neutral
"Tuzağa düşmek"

— To fall into a trap.

Dikkatli olmazsan tuzağa düşersin.

Neutral
"Zayıf düşmek"

— To become weak or vulnerable.

Hastalık yüzünden vücudu zayıf düştü.

Medical/Neutral
"Ayrı düşmek"

— To be separated from someone or somewhere.

Ailesinden yıllarca ayrı düştü.

Emotional
"Hata düşmek"

— To make a mistake (less common than 'hata yapmak').

Böyle bir hataya nasıl düştün?

Neutral
"Üstüne düşmek"

— To show excessive interest or to insist on something.

Çocuğun eğitimi için çok üstüne düşüyor.

Social

어휘 가족

명사

Düşüş (the fall/decrease)
Düşkünlük (addiction/fondness)
Düşük (miscarriage/low)

동사

Düşürmek (to drop/to cause to fall)
Düşünmek (to think - related root)
Düşüvermek (to fall suddenly)

형용사

Düşük (low)
Düşkün (fond/destitute)
Düşünceli (thoughtful)

관련

Düş (dream - homony
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관련 콘텐츠

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