जारी करना
To produce or provide something official.
जारी करना in 30 Seconds
- Used for official issuance of documents like passports or licenses.
- Common in news for government announcements and legal orders.
- A transitive verb requiring 'ne' in the past tense.
- Distinct from 'Jari Rakhna' which means to continue.
The Hindi verb जारी करना (Jārī karnā) is a multifaceted term primarily used to describe the act of issuing, releasing, or publishing something official. At its core, it combines the adjective 'जारी' (current, flowing, in force) with the light verb 'करना' (to do/make). In an A2 context, it most frequently refers to the official distribution of documents, tickets, or public statements. Imagine a government office handing out a new policy or a cinema releasing a new set of tickets; this is the essence of 'जारी करना'.
- Official Context
- It is used when an authority figure or organization provides a document like a passport, a license, or a notification. For example, 'सरकार ने नया कानून जारी किया' (The government issued a new law).
- Media and Arts
- In the world of entertainment, it refers to the release of a trailer, a poster, or a press release. 'फिल्म का ट्रेलर कल जारी किया जाएगा' (The film's trailer will be released tomorrow).
- Financial Transactions
- Banks 'जारी' credit cards or cheques. It implies the transition of an item from a state of preparation to a state of active use.
पुलिस ने चोर के खिलाफ वारंट जारी किया है। (The police have issued a warrant against the thief.)
Etymologically, 'जारी' comes from the Arabic root 'jārī', meaning flowing or running. When you 'issue' something, you are essentially letting it 'flow' into the public domain. This nuance is important because it distinguishes 'जारी करना' from simply 'देना' (to give). While 'देना' is a general act of giving, 'जारी करना' implies a formal process and an official origin.
बैंक ने मेरे लिए नया डेबिट कार्ड जारी किया। (The bank issued a new debit card for me.)
- Administrative Nuance
- When a school issues a report card or a certificate, 'जारी करना' is the standard formal term used in Hindi documentation.
मौसम विभाग ने भारी बारिश की चेतावनी जारी की है। (The weather department has issued a heavy rain warning.)
कंपनी ने एक बयान जारी किया। (The company issued a statement.)
In summary, 'जारी करना' is your go-to verb for any situation where an entity officially provides or releases something to an individual or the public. It carries a weight of authority and formality that simple verbs like 'निकालना' (to take out/release) might lack in professional settings.
Using जारी करना correctly requires an understanding of Hindi's transitive verb structure. Since it is a 'करना' (to do) compound verb, it is transitive, meaning it takes a direct object. In the past tense, this triggers the use of the ergative marker 'ने' with the subject.
1. The 'Ne' Rule in Past Tense
When you say 'The official issued the document' in the past, the subject (official) takes 'ने', and the verb 'किया' (past of करना) agrees with the gender and number of the object (document).
- Masculine Object: उसने पासपोर्ट (M) जारी किया। (He issued the passport.)
- Feminine Object: उसने चेतावनी (F) जारी की। (He issued the warning.)
- Plural Object: उसने आदेश (M.Pl) जारी किए। (He issued the orders.)
2. Common Objects
The verb is almost always paired with specific types of nouns. Learning these pairings (collocations) will make your Hindi sound much more natural:
- Documents
- पासपोर्ट (Passport), लाइसेंस (License), वीज़ा (Visa)
- Information
- बयान (Statement), सूचना (Notice), चेतावनी (Warning)
- Legal/Official
- आदेश (Order), वारंट (Warrant), नियम (Rule)
- Media
- ट्रेलर (Trailer), पोस्टर (Poster), प्रेस विज्ञप्ति (Press Release)
3. Passive Usage
In news reports, you will often see the passive form: जारी किया जाना (to be issued). For example: 'कल नए नियम जारी किए जाएंगे' (New rules will be issued tomorrow). This is very common because the person issuing the rules is often less important than the rules themselves.
4. Tense Variations
Here is how it looks across common tenses:
| Tense | Hindi Example | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| Present Habitual | वह हर साल रिपोर्ट जारी करता है। | He issues a report every year. |
| Present Continuous | सरकार नए सिक्के जारी कर रही है। | The government is issuing new coins. |
| Future | हम कल सूची जारी करेंगे। | We will issue the list tomorrow. |
Remember, 'जारी करना' implies an action that has a definite start point where something becomes public or valid. If you want to say someone is 'releasing' a prisoner, you would use 'रिहा करना' (rihā karnā) instead. Precision in object choice is key!
You will encounter जारी करना in various formal and semi-formal environments. It is a staple of 'Sarkari' (government) Hindi and journalistic language. Here are the primary places where this verb is heard:
1. News Broadcasts (TV and Radio)
News anchors use this verb constantly when reporting on government decisions or police actions. You might hear: 'चुनाव आयोग ने तारीखें जारी कर दी हैं' (The Election Commission has issued the dates). It sounds authoritative and final.
2. Government Offices and Banks
If you are applying for a document in India, you will hear this at the counter. A clerk might say, 'आपका सर्टिफिकेट अगले हफ्ते जारी किया जाएगा' (Your certificate will be issued next week). In banks, it's used for checkbooks, cards, and loan sanction letters.
3. Corporate and Business Meetings
In a professional setting, when a company 'releases' its quarterly results or 'issues' a memo to employees, 'जारी करना' is the preferred term. It conveys a sense of official protocol. For example, 'HR ने नई पॉलिसी जारी की है' (HR has issued a new policy).
4. Educational Institutions
Schools and universities 'जारी' admit cards (hall tickets), results, and degree certificates. Students often ask, 'रिजल्ट कब जारी होगा?' (When will the result be issued/released?).
5. Legal and Judicial Settings
Courts 'जारी' summons and warrants. This is perhaps the most serious context for the verb. A lawyer might tell a client, 'कोर्ट ने आपके खिलाफ समन जारी किया है' (The court has issued a summons against you).
Cultural Note
In India, official announcements are often called 'Notification' in English, but in Hindi news, they are almost always described using 'जारी करना'. Even in casual conversation, if someone says 'सरकार ने नया नोट जारी किया' (The government issued a new note), they are referring to the formal act of currency release.
Because 'जारी करना' is so common in the media, even native speakers who don't work in offices use it frequently when discussing public affairs. It is a 'high-frequency' formal verb that bridges the gap between officialese and everyday news-talk.
Even though जारी करना seems straightforward, learners often stumble on specific nuances. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid:
1. Confusing 'Jari Karna' with 'Jari Rakhna'
This is the #1 mistake.
• जारी करना (Jari Karna): To issue/release (one-time action).
• जारी रखना (Jari Rakhna): To continue/keep going (ongoing action).
Example of error: 'मैंने अपनी पढ़ाई जारी की' (I issued my studies - WRONG) vs 'मैंने अपनी पढ़ाई जारी रखी' (I continued my studies - CORRECT).
2. Incorrect Gender Agreement in Past Tense
Since 'जारी करना' is transitive, the verb ending must match the object, not the subject.
• Wrong: पुलिस ने नोटिस (M) जारी की।
• Right: पुलिस ने नोटिस जारी किया।
• Wrong: बैंक ने चेकबुक (F) जारी किया।
• Right: बैंक ने चेकबुक जारी की।
3. Using it for People
You cannot 'issue' a person. If a police officer releases a suspect, you use 'रिहा करना' (rihā karnā) or 'छोड़ना' (choṛnā). 'जारी करना' is strictly for inanimate objects like documents, orders, or media content.
4. Overusing it for 'Giving'
Don't use 'जारी करना' for personal giving. If you give a book to a friend, use 'देना'. If you give a gift, use 'उपहार देना'. 'जारी करना' requires an element of officialdom or public release. You wouldn't 'issue' a birthday card to your brother unless you were being very sarcastic!
5. Confusion with 'Prakashit Karna' (To Publish)
While similar, 'प्रकाशित करना' is specifically for books, magazines, and newspapers. 'जारी करना' is broader and covers documents, orders, and digital releases. You 'issue' a passport, but you 'publish' a novel.
Quick Check
Ask yourself: Is this an official act? Is there a document or public statement involved? If yes, use 'जारी करना'. If it's just 'continuing' something, use 'जारी रखना'.
To truly master जारी करना, you should understand how it relates to other verbs that mean 'to give', 'to release', or 'to start'. Here is a breakdown of synonyms and related terms:
1. प्रकाशित करना (Prakāśit karnā) - To Publish
This is used specifically for literary or journalistic works.
• Use case: Books, articles, research papers.
• Difference: 'जारी करना' is for official documents/orders; 'प्रकाशित करना' is for content meant to be read as literature or news.
2. निकालना (Nikālnā) - To Bring Out / To Release
A more colloquial and versatile verb.
• Use case: 'उसने नई एल्बम निकाली' (He released a new album).
• Difference: 'निकालना' is less formal than 'जारी करना'. You can 'nikalna' a pen from your pocket, but you can only 'jari karna' a formal notice.
3. प्रसारित करना (Prasārit karnā) - To Broadcast / To Circulate
Used for radio, TV, or spreading information widely.
• Use case: News broadcasts, radio signals.
• Difference: Focuses on the transmission/spread rather than the act of official issuance.
4. लागू करना (Lāgū karnā) - To Implement / To Enforce
Often follows 'जारी करना'.
• Process: First, the government 'issues' (जारी करना) a law, then they 'implement' (लागू करना) it.
• Difference: 'जारी करना' is the announcement; 'लागू करना' is the action of making it work on the ground.
5. प्रदान करना (Pradān karnā) - To Provide / To Bestow
A very formal version of 'देना'.
• Use case: Giving an award or providing a service.
• Difference: 'प्रदान करना' is about the act of giving to someone; 'जारी करना' is about the act of making something valid or public.
Use 'Jari Karna' for:
- Official Licenses
- Court Summons
- Press Releases
- New Currency
Use 'Prakashit Karna' for:
- Novels/Books
- Magazine Issues
- Newspaper Articles
- Blog Posts
By choosing the right synonym, you show a deeper command of Hindi registers. While 'nikalna' might work in a casual chat, 'जारी करना' will make your formal emails and professional conversations sound much more polished.
How Formal Is It?
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Difficulty Rating
Grammar to Know
Examples by Level
बैंक ने कार्ड जारी किया।
The bank issued the card.
Simple past tense: Subject + ne + Object + jari kiya.
क्या आपने टिकट जारी किया?
Did you issue the ticket?
Interrogative sentence in past tense.
पुलिस ने नोटिस जारी किया।
The police issued a notice.
Notice (M) takes 'kiya'.
स्कूल ने रिजल्ट जारी किया।
The school issued the result.
Result (M) takes 'kiya'.
वह कल पास जारी करेगा।
He will issue the pass tomorrow.
Future tense: Subject + jari karega.
सरकार ने नया सिक्का जारी किया।
The government issued a new coin.
Sikka (M) is the object.
ऑफिस ने ईमेल जारी किया।
The office issued an email.
Email (M) is treated as masculine here.
उन्होंने नया नियम जारी किया।
They issued a new rule.
Niyam (M) is masculine.
अधिकारी ने पासपोर्ट जारी किया।
The officer issued the passport.
Formal subject 'Adhikari'.
कंपनी ने एक बयान जारी किया है।
The company has issued a statement.
Present Perfect tense: jari kiya hai.
क्या सरकार नई गाइडलाइन जारी करेगी?
Will the government issue new guidelines?
Guideline (F) often used as plural/feminine.
मौसम विभाग ने चेतावनी जारी की।
The weather department issued a warning.
Chetawani (F) takes 'ki'.
कॉलेज ने एडमिट कार्ड जारी कर दिए हैं।
The college has issued the admit cards.
Plural object 'cards' takes 'diye hain'.
उन्होंने फिल्म का पोस्टर जारी किया।
They released the film's poster.
Poster (M) is the object.
नगर निगम ने नया आदेश जारी किया।
The municipal corporation issued a new order.
Adesh (M) is masculine.
क्या आपने मेरा सर्टिफिकेट जारी किया?
Did you issue my certificate?
Certificate (M) is masculine.
चुनाव आयोग ने मतदान की तारीखें जारी कर दी हैं।
The Election Commission has issued the voting dates.
Tarikhein (F.Pl) takes 'di hain'.
अदालत ने आरोपी के खिलाफ वारंट जारी किया।
The court issued a warrant against the accused.
Legal context usage.
प्रेस क्लब ने एक नई विज्ञप्ति जारी की है।
The Press Club has issued a new release.
Vigyapti (F) takes 'ki'.
संस्था को हर महीने रिपोर्ट जारी करनी पड़ती है।
The organization has to issue a report every month.
Compulsion: jari karni padti hai.
नया सॉफ्टवेयर अपडेट कल जारी किया जाएगा।
The new software update will be released tomorrow.
Passive voice: jari kiya jayega.
प्रधानमंत्री ने राष्ट्र के नाम संदेश जारी किया।
The Prime Minister issued a message to the nation.
Sandesh (M) is masculine.
बैंक ने ऋण स्वीकृति पत्र जारी कर दिया।
The bank issued the loan sanction letter.
Compound object: Patra (M).
विश्वविद्यालय ने नई मेरिट लिस्ट जारी की।
The university issued a new merit list.
List (F) takes 'ki'.
मंत्रालय ने इस मुद्दे पर स्पष्टीकरण जारी किया है।
The ministry has issued a clarification on this issue.
Spashtikaran (M) is masculine.
राज्यपाल ने राज्य में अध्यादेश जारी किया।
The Governor issued an ordinance in the state.
Adhyadesh (M) is a high-level term for ordinance.
विपक्ष ने सरकार के खिलाफ श्वेत पत्र जारी किया।
The opposition issued a white paper against the government.
Shwet Patra (M) is a political term.
कंपनी ने शेयरधारकों के लिए लाभांश जारी करने की घोषणा की।
The company announced the issuance of dividends for shareholders.
Gerund use: jari karne ki.
क्या पुलिस ने अभी तक कोई आधिकारिक बयान जारी नहीं किया?
Has the police not issued any official statement yet?
Negative interrogative.
आयकर विभाग ने डिफॉल्टरों की सूची जारी की।
The Income Tax Department issued a list of defaulters.
Suchi (F) takes 'ki'.
संयुक्त राष्ट्र ने मानवाधिकारों पर एक रिपोर्ट जारी की।
The United Nations issued a report on human rights.
International context.
अस्पताल ने मरीज की स्वास्थ्य स्थिति पर बुलेटिन जारी किया।
The hospital issued a bulletin on the patient's health status.
Bulletin (M) is masculine.
निर्वाचन अधिकारी ने आचार संहिता के उल्लंघन पर नोटिस जारी किया।
The election officer issued a notice on the violation of the code of conduct.
Complex administrative vocabulary.
रिजर्व बैंक ने मुद्रास्फीति को नियंत्रित करने के लिए नए निर्देश जारी किए।
The Reserve Bank issued new directives to control inflation.
Nirdesh (M.Pl) takes 'kiye'.
दूतावास ने आपातकालीन यात्रा दस्तावेज जारी करने की प्रक्रिया शुरू की।
The embassy started the process of issuing emergency travel documents.
Process-oriented sentence.
लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक का संशोधित संस्करण जारी किया।
The author released a revised edition of his book.
Sanskarana (M) is masculine.
मंत्रिमंडल ने नई शिक्षा नीति का मसौदा जारी किया।
The cabinet issued the draft of the new education policy.
Masuda (M) means draft.
वैज्ञानिकों ने जलवायु परिवर्तन पर एक गंभीर चेतावनी जारी की है।
Scientists have issued a serious warning on climate change.
Academic/Scientific context.
नगर पालिका ने अवैध निर्माण को गिराने का आदेश जारी किया।
The municipality issued an order to demolish illegal construction.
Infinitive phrase + object.
वित्त मंत्री ने बजट के बाद एक प्रेस विज्ञप्ति जारी की।
The Finance Minister issued a press release after the budget.
Vigyapti (F) takes 'ki'.
संवैधानिक पीठ ने ऐतिहासिक निर्णय की प्रति जारी की।
The constitutional bench issued a copy of the landmark judgment.
Prati (F) means copy.
प्रशासन ने दंगों के बाद कर्फ्यू में ढील देने की अधिसूचना जारी की।
The administration issued a notification to relax the curfew after the riots.
Adhisuchna (F) is the formal word for notification.
केंद्रीय बैंक द्वारा डिजिटल मुद्रा जारी करने की व्यवहार्यता पर विचार किया जा रहा है।
The feasibility of issuing digital currency by the central bank is being considered.
Passive gerund construction.
जांच आयोग ने अपनी अंतरिम रिपोर्ट जारी करने में विलंब किया।
The commission of inquiry delayed issuing its interim report.
Verb as an object of another verb.
विदेशी मंत्रालय ने सीमा विवाद पर एक कड़ा विरोध पत्र जारी किया।
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a strong letter of protest on the border dispute.
Diplomatic context.
साहित्य अकादमी ने पुरस्कृत कृतियों की सूची जारी की है।
The Sahitya Akademi has issued the list of awarded works.
Cultural/Academic context.
न्यायालय ने संपत्ति की कुर्की का आदेश जारी करने का निर्देश दिया।
The court directed to issue an order for the attachment of property.
Nested verb structure.
सरकार ने रक्षा क्षेत्र में प्रत्यक्ष विदेशी निवेश के नए नियम जारी किए।
The government issued new rules for Foreign Direct Investment in the defense sector.
Economic/Defense context.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
आदेश जारी करना
अधिसूचना जारी करना
वारंट जारी करना
प्रेस विज्ञप्ति जारी करना
गाइडलाइन जारी करना
सर्टिफिकेट जारी करना
नया नोट जारी करना
रिजल्ट जारी करना
सूची जारी करना
पास जारी करना
Often Confused With
Idioms & Expressions
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Easily Confused
Means to continue an action, not start an issuance.
Used for releasing people from jail, not documents.
General 'give', lacks official weight.
Focuses on broadcasting/transmission.
To declare verbally, though often happens alongside issuance.
Sentence Patterns
How to Use It
Implies the start of validity.
High. Not used for personal gifts.
Using it for 'continuing' something.
- Using 'Jari kiya' for 'Continued'.
- Saying 'Main ne result jari kiya' as a student.
- Gender mismatch: 'Sarkar ne policy (F) jari kiya'.
- Using it for physical objects like 'I issued a pen'.
- Confusing with 'Jari hona'.
Tips
Object Agreement
Always identify the gender of the document before speaking. 'Notice' is masculine, 'List' is feminine.
News Power
This is a 'power verb' for news. Using it instantly elevates your Hindi level from basic to intermediate.
Official Only
Keep it for official contexts. Don't 'issue' a cup of tea to your guest!
The 'Flow' Concept
Think of 'Jari' as a river. To 'Jari karna' is to let the document flow out to the people.
Soft 'R'
The 'r' in Jari is a single tap of the tongue against the roof of the mouth.
Passive Voice
In formal reports, use 'जारी किया गया' to sound more objective and professional.
Bank Talk
Use this verb at the bank for checkbooks and cards to get better service.
Vs. Dena
If a document has a serial number or a stamp, use 'जारी करना' instead of 'देना'.
Avoid Repetition
In a long paragraph, alternate between 'जारी करना' and 'प्रदान करना' or 'निकालना'.
Sarkari Hindi
This word is the heart of Indian bureaucracy. Master it to understand any government form.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Jari = Journey. When a document starts its journey to the public, it is 'Jari kiya'.
Word Origin
Arabic + Hindi
Cultural Context
Standard term for 'breaking news' releases.
Using this instead of 'dena' in an office makes you sound professional.
Highly formal, used in all 'Patrachar' (correspondence).
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Conversation Starters
"क्या सरकार ने नई गाइडलाइन जारी की?"
"आपका पासपोर्ट कब जारी हुआ?"
"क्या बैंक ने नया कार्ड जारी किया है?"
"रिजल्ट कब जारी होने वाला है?"
"पुलिस ने क्या बयान जारी किया?"
Journal Prompts
Write about a time you had to wait for a document to be issued.
Describe a new law that the government recently issued.
Imagine you are a spokesperson; write a press release to be issued.
How do you feel when your exam results are issued?
List five things a bank issues to its customers.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questionsYes, but 'प्रकाशित करना' is more specific and common for books. 'जारी करना' is better for a press release about the book.
It depends on the object. If the object is masculine (like 'Adesh'), use 'किया'. If feminine (like 'Chetawani'), use 'की'.
'जारी करना' is formal and official. 'निकालना' is casual. You 'nikalna' a phone from a pocket, but 'jari karna' a law.
No, you cannot 'issue' a person. Use 'रिहा करना' for releasing someone.
It is an Arabic loanword used extensively in Hindi and Urdu.
You say 'रिजल्ट जारी किया गया' (Result jari kiya gaya).
It means the 'Issuer'—the person or entity that issues something.
Yes, especially when talking about documents like Aadhaar cards or driving licenses.
Not exactly. It means to 'release' or 'issue'. 'Shuru karna' is 'to start'.
No, that is 'जारी रखना' (Jari rakhna).
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Summary
Jārī karnā is the essential formal verb for 'to issue' or 'to release' in Hindi. It is indispensable for navigating official, legal, and professional environments where documents or public statements are distributed.
- Used for official issuance of documents like passports or licenses.
- Common in news for government announcements and legal orders.
- A transitive verb requiring 'ne' in the past tense.
- Distinct from 'Jari Rakhna' which means to continue.
Object Agreement
Always identify the gender of the document before speaking. 'Notice' is masculine, 'List' is feminine.
News Power
This is a 'power verb' for news. Using it instantly elevates your Hindi level from basic to intermediate.
Official Only
Keep it for official contexts. Don't 'issue' a cup of tea to your guest!
The 'Flow' Concept
Think of 'Jari' as a river. To 'Jari karna' is to let the document flow out to the people.
Example
सरकार ने नए नियम जारी किए हैं।
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