B1 · 中級 チャプター 35

Conditional Sentences: If... Then... (Type 1)

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of planning and possibility by connecting causes to their likely effects.

  • Identify and form real-life 'if' scenarios.
  • Combine present actions with future consequences.
  • Distinguish between possibilities (if) and certainties (when).
If you study this, you will succeed!

学べること

Introduce yourself to conditional sentences, focusing on Type 1 (real conditions). Learn to form 'if' clauses and main clauses using present and future tenses.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: describe future possibilities using the 'եթե' (if) construction.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: give instructions or advice based on specific conditions using imperatives.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: differentiate between conditional 'if' and temporal 'when' in complex sentences.

ヒントとコツ (4)

⚠️

The 'Will' Trap

Never use the 'կ-' (will) prefix in the clause starting with 'եթե'. It's the most common mistake for English speakers!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introduction to Conditionals: Real Conditions
💡

The 'If' Clause Mood

Always use the Subjunctive Present (գնամ, անես, լինի) after 'եթե' for real conditions. It sounds much more natural than the Indicative.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Type 1 Conditional: Present + Future
💡

The Comma Rule

Always put a comma after the 'if' clause. It helps the listener/reader know where the condition ends and the result begins.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming Type 1 Conditionals: If Clause and Main Clause
💡

The Shesht is Key

In writing, the only difference between 'you write' (գրիր) and 'write!' (գրի՛ր) is the shesht. Always include it!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Variations in Type 1 Conditionals: Using Imperative

重要な語彙 (7)

եթե if երբ when հաջողություն success անձրև rain զանգել to call տոմս ticket ուշանալ to be late

Real-World Preview

calendar

Planning a Meeting

cloud-rain

Weather Warnings

Review Summary

  • Եթե + [Subjunctive], [Future]
  • Եթե + [Subjunctive], [Imperative]
  • Երբ + [Subjunctive], [Future]

よくある間違い

Avoid using the future 'կ-' (will) in the 'if' clause. Armenian uses the subjunctive 'գամ' for the condition, even if it refers to the future.

Wrong: Եթե ես կգամ, մենք կխոսենք:
正解: Եթե ես գամ, մենք կխոսենք:

Don't confuse 'when' and 'if'. Use 'երբ' for things you know will happen (like sunset) and 'եթե' for things that might not (like winning the lottery).

Wrong: Երբ ես գամ, եթե ես գամ...
正解: Երբ ես գամ (When I come), Եթե ես գամ (If I come).

For future conditions, use the negative subjunctive 'չգաս' rather than the present indicative 'չես գալիս'.

Wrong: Եթե չես գալիս, ես կգնամ:
正解: Եթե չգաս, ես կգնամ:

Next Steps

You've just unlocked a massive part of Armenian logic. Being able to weigh options and predict outcomes is a huge step toward B1 fluency. Keep it up!

Write 5 'If... Then' sentences about your career goals.

Roleplay a weather-dependent weekend plan with a partner.

Continue to: Conditional Sentences: If... Then... (Type 2 & 3)

クイック練習 (10)

Correct the punctuation error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Եթե տեսնես նրան, ասա:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ասա՛
Imperatives must have a shesht on the last vowel.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Variations in Type 1 Conditionals: Using Imperative

Choose the correct imperative form.

Եթե անձրև գա, հովանոց ___:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: վերցրո՛ւ
The sentence requires a command (imperative) in the result clause.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Variations in Type 1 Conditionals: Using Imperative

Fill in the negative imperative.

Եթե ուշանաս, ___ սպասիր:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: մի՛
Negative commands in Armenian use 'մի՛'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Variations in Type 1 Conditionals: Using Imperative

Correct the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Եթե արևը մայր է մտնում, մթնում է:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Երբ արևը մայր է մտնում, մթնում է:
The sun setting is a certainty, so 'ete' is wrong.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'When' instead of 'If' in Real Conditions

Choose the correct verb form for the result clause.

Եթե ես շատ սովորեմ, քննությունը ___:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: կհանձնեմ
The result of a real future condition uses the 'կ-' future form.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming Type 1 Conditionals: If Clause and Main Clause

Find the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Եթե անձրև կգա, մենք տանը կմնանք:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: կգա
You cannot use 'կ-' in the 'if' clause. It should be 'գա'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Forming Type 1 Conditionals: If Clause and Main Clause

Find the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Եթե ես կլինեմ ազատ, կզանգեմ քեզ։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: կլինեմ -> լինեմ
The 'կ-' prefix should not be in the 'if' clause.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Introduction to Conditionals: Real Conditions

Fill in the blank with 'երբ' or 'եթե'.

___ ես տուն հասնեմ, կզանգեմ քեզ: (I am definitely going home)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: երբ
Since the speaker is definitely going home, 'erb' is the correct choice.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'When' instead of 'If' in Real Conditions

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Եթե չգաս
Correct prefix placement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Negating Conditional Clauses

Choose the correct verb form for the condition.

Եթե նա ____, մենք կսկսենք:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: գա
We use the subjunctive 'գա' after 'եթե' in a Type 1 conditional.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Type 1 Conditional: Present + Future

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

No, 'եթե' must introduce the condition clause. However, the entire condition clause can come after the result clause: Կգամ, եթե ուզես.
Mostly yes. In very formal or poetic Armenian, you might see թեպետ or եթե արդյոք, but եթե is the standard for 99% of situations.
Yes, but that changes it to a Type 2 (imaginary) or Type 3 (past regret) conditional. For real future possibilities, stick to the present.
In formal Armenian, yes. In spoken Armenian, people often use որ (vor) or եթե որ (ete vor).
No, 'եթե' always introduces the condition. However, the entire 'if' clause can come after the main clause: Կգամ, եթե ժամանակ ունենամ:
In modern Armenian, 'եթե' is the standard word for 'if'. 'Թե' is often used as 'or' or in indirect questions, but in some dialects, it can also mean 'if'. Stick to եթե for conditionals.
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The Pluperfect Tense: Had Done
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Conditional Sentences: If... Then... (Type 2 & 3)
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