A1 · 入门 章节 9

Describing the World

2 总规则
20 例句
1 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Bring your Russian sentences to life by adding color, size, and personality to every noun.

  • Match adjectives to masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns.
  • Use short-form adjectives to describe current states.
  • Expand your descriptive vocabulary for everyday objects.
Paint your world with words.

你将学到什么

Using adjectives to modify nouns. Learning gender agreement for adjectives.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly identify the gender of a noun and apply the matching adjective ending.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: express that someone or something is currently ready, busy, or beautiful.

关键例句 (4)

1

Это мой `новый` телефон.

This is my new phone.

俄语形容词词性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
2

Какая `красивая` фотография!

What a beautiful photo!

俄语形容词词性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
3

Я очень занят сейчас.

I am very busy right now.

短尾形容词：描述“现在”的状态 (красив, готов)
4

Твоя идея очень интересна.

Your idea is very interesting.

短尾形容词：描述“现在”的状态 (красив, готов)

技巧与窍门 (2)

💡

The Rhyme Rule

If a noun ends in 'a', the adjective usually ends in 'aya'. If a noun ends in 'o', the adjective ends in 'oye'. It's a great quick check!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语形容词词性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
⚠️

Word Order Matters

Short adjectives never go before the noun. 'Красивый дом' is okay, but 'Красив дом' is not. Always say 'Дом красив'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短尾形容词：描述“现在”的状态 (красив, готов)

核心词汇 (6)

новый new красивый beautiful красив is beautiful (short) готовый ready готов is ready (short) большой big

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Café

Review Summary

  • Adj + Noun (Ends: -ый/-ая/-ое)
  • Subject + Short Adj

常见错误

You used the masculine ending for a feminine noun. Always check the noun's ending first.

Wrong: Новый книга
正确: Новая книга

When using the adjective as a predicate (after 'to be'), use the short form.

Wrong: Я готовый
正确: Я готов

House is masculine in Russian, so it requires the masculine -ый ending.

Wrong: Красивая дом
正确: Красивый дом

Next Steps

You are making amazing progress! Keep practicing your gender agreement, and it will become second nature soon.

Label 5 items in your room using adjectives.

Continue to: Numbers and Counting

快速练习 (4)

Fix the adjective agreement error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я пью холодный молоко.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я пью холодное молоко.
'Молоко' is neuter (ends in -о), so 'холодный' must become 'холодное'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语形容词词性一致：(новый, новая, новое)

Find the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Она очень занят сегодня.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Она очень занята сегодня.
The subject 'Она' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'занята'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短尾形容词：描述“现在”的状态 (красив, готов)

Choose the correct ending for the adjective 'красивый' (beautiful) to match the noun.

Это ___ девушка. (This is a beautiful girl.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: красивая
'Девушка' is feminine, so the adjective must end in -ая.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 俄语形容词词性一致：(новый, новая, новое)

Fill in the blank with the correct short form of 'готовый'.

Мама, обед ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: готов
'Обед' is masculine, so we use the masculine short form 'готов'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短尾形容词：描述“现在”的状态 (красив, готов)

Score: /4

常见问题 (4)

The most common ending is the masculine '-ый'. You'll see it in almost every dictionary entry for an adjective.
Neuter nouns almost always end in '-о' or '-е'. Examples include 'окно' (window) and 'море' (sea).
Long adjectives describe a quality (The big house), while short adjectives make a statement about a state (The house is big).
No, they only function as the predicate (the 'is' part) of the sentence.
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