A1 · 初級 チャプター 9

Describing the World

2 トータルルール
20 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Bring your Russian sentences to life by adding color, size, and personality to every noun.

  • Match adjectives to masculine, feminine, and neuter nouns.
  • Use short-form adjectives to describe current states.
  • Expand your descriptive vocabulary for everyday objects.
Paint your world with words.

学べること

Using adjectives to modify nouns. Learning gender agreement for adjectives.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly identify the gender of a noun and apply the matching adjective ending.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: express that someone or something is currently ready, busy, or beautiful.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Это мой `новый` телефон.

This is my new phone.

ロシア語の形容詞の性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
2

Какая `красивая` фотография!

What a beautiful photo!

ロシア語の形容詞の性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
3

Я очень занят сейчас.

I am very busy right now.

短語尾形容詞：「今」の状態を表す (красив, готов)
4

Твоя идея очень интересна.

Your idea is very interesting.

短語尾形容詞：「今」の状態を表す (красив, готов)

ヒントとコツ (2)

💡

The Rhyme Rule

If a noun ends in 'a', the adjective usually ends in 'aya'. If a noun ends in 'o', the adjective ends in 'oye'. It's a great quick check!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の形容詞の性一致：(новый, новая, новое)
⚠️

Word Order Matters

Short adjectives never go before the noun. 'Красивый дом' is okay, but 'Красив дом' is not. Always say 'Дом красив'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短語尾形容詞：「今」の状態を表す (красив, готов)

重要な語彙 (6)

новый new красивый beautiful красив is beautiful (short) готовый ready готов is ready (short) большой big

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Café

Review Summary

  • Adj + Noun (Ends: -ый/-ая/-ое)
  • Subject + Short Adj

よくある間違い

You used the masculine ending for a feminine noun. Always check the noun's ending first.

Wrong: Новый книга
正解: Новая книга

When using the adjective as a predicate (after 'to be'), use the short form.

Wrong: Я готовый
正解: Я готов

House is masculine in Russian, so it requires the masculine -ый ending.

Wrong: Красивая дом
正解: Красивый дом

Next Steps

You are making amazing progress! Keep practicing your gender agreement, and it will become second nature soon.

Label 5 items in your room using adjectives.

Continue to: Numbers and Counting

クイック練習 (4)

Fix the adjective agreement error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я пью холодный молоко.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я пью холодное молоко.
'Молоко' is neuter (ends in -о), so 'холодный' must become 'холодное'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の形容詞の性一致：(новый, новая, новое)

Find the mistake in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Она очень занят сегодня.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Она очень занята сегодня.
The subject 'Она' is feminine, so the adjective must be 'занята'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短語尾形容詞：「今」の状態を表す (красив, готов)

Fill in the blank with the correct short form of 'готовый'.

Мама, обед ___?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: готов
'Обед' is masculine, so we use the masculine short form 'готов'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 短語尾形容詞：「今」の状態を表す (красив, готов)

Choose the correct ending for the adjective 'красивый' (beautiful) to match the noun.

Это ___ девушка. (This is a beautiful girl.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: красивая
'Девушка' is feminine, so the adjective must end in -ая.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の形容詞の性一致：(новый, новая, новое)

Score: /4

よくある質問 (4)

The most common ending is the masculine '-ый'. You'll see it in almost every dictionary entry for an adjective.
Neuter nouns almost always end in '-о' or '-е'. Examples include 'окно' (window) and 'море' (sea).
Long adjectives describe a quality (The big house), while short adjectives make a statement about a state (The house is big).
No, they only function as the predicate (the 'is' part) of the sentence.
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