A1 · 初級 チャプター 8

Negation and Questions

2 トータルルール
20 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power to ask questions and negate statements to navigate Russian conversations with confidence.

  • Identify and use question words for people, objects, and locations.
  • Negate actions and states using the particle 'не'.
  • Construct simple inquiries to clarify information in daily life.
Ask, clarify, and deny: master the essentials of Russian dialogue.

学べること

How to form questions and negate statements effectively. Mastering the use of 'ne' and question words.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Ask 'Where is the café?' and say 'I am not a student' in fluent Russian.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Кто это?

Who is this?

基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)
2

Что это?

What is this?

基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)
3

Я не понимаю.

I don't understand.

ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)
4

Это не мой телефон.

This is not my phone.

ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)

ヒントとコツ (2)

💡

The Silent 'Is'

Never look for the word 'is' in Russian present tense questions. It doesn't exist! Just put the question word and the noun together.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)
💡

The Glue Rule

Always imagine не is glued to the word that follows it. Never put other words between не and the verb!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)

重要な語彙 (6)

Кто who Что what Где where не not студент student кафе café

Real-World Preview

map-pin

Lost in the City

Review Summary

  • [Question Word] + [Subject/Object]?
  • [Subject] + не + [Predicate]

よくある間違い

In Russian, 'не' must come before the noun or verb, not after it.

Wrong: Я студент не.
正解: Я не студент.

In present tense, the verb 'to be' is omitted. Keep it simple!

Wrong: Где это есть?
正解: Где это?

Use 'Кто' for people and 'Что' for objects. A table is an object!

Wrong: Кто это стол?
正解: Что это стол?

Next Steps

You are doing amazing! Every question you ask brings you closer to fluency.

Write 5 negative sentences about your room.

Continue to: Describing the World

クイック練習 (6)

Fill in the blank with the correct negation word.

Я ___ понимаю по-английски.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: не
In Russian, 'не' is used to negate verbs like 'понимаю'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)

Find and fix the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

Я нет хочу пиццу.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Я не хочу пиццу.
You cannot use 'нет' to negate a verb; you must use 'не'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)

Which sentence is correct for asking 'Where is the hotel?'

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Где отель?
'Где' is the correct word for location ('Where').

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)

Fill in the blank with the correct question word.

___ это? (Asking about a person)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Кто
Use 'Кто' (Who) when asking about people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)

Find the mistake in this sentence asking about a sandwich.

Find and fix the mistake:

Кто это сэндвич?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Что это сэндвич?
A sandwich is an object, so you must use 'Что' (What), not 'Кто' (Who).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 基本の質問：誰、何、どこ (Кто, Что, Где)

Which sentence is correctly negated?

Choose the correct way to say 'This is not my car':

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Это не моя машина.
'Не' must come before the word it negates (my car).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語で「〜ではない」と言う方法 (не)

Score: /6

よくある質問 (4)

Yes! In Russian, pets and animals are considered 'animate,' so you use Кто just like you would for a person. If you see a cute dog, you ask Кто это?.
Russian skips the verb 'to be' (am/is/are) in the present tense. It's implied by the context and the word order.
Нет means 'No' as a full answer. Не means 'not' and must be followed by another word, like a verb or noun.
Place it immediately before the word you want to make negative. Usually, this is the verb.
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Describing the World
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