A1 · 初級 チャプター 10

Numbers and Counting

2 トータルルール
20 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the world of Russian commerce and quantities by mastering numbers from eleven to one hundred.

  • Count confidently from 11 to 100 using logical patterns.
  • Identify prices and basic arithmetic in everyday Russian life.
  • Apply the correct noun endings when counting different quantities.
From prices to people: make every number count.

学べること

Counting from 1 to 100 and basic arithmetic. Introduction to number-noun agreement.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to count from 11 to 100 and identify prices in a Russian market.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to correctly decline nouns after the numbers 1 through 20.

重要な例文 (4)

1

Мне двадцать пять лет.

I am twenty-five years old.

ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段
2

Это стоит сорок рублей.

This costs forty rubles.

ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段
3

У меня есть один билет.

I have one ticket.

数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)
4

Мне нужно три билета.

I need three tickets.

数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)

ヒントとコツ (2)

🎯

The 'N' Rule

Only 'одиннадцать' (11) has a double 'н'. All other teens have just one. Think of it as 'one-one-надцать'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段
💡

Look at the Last Digit

Always look at the very last digit of a number to decide the case. 104? Ends in 4. Use Genitive Singular. 100? Ends in 0. Use Genitive Plural.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)

重要な語彙 (7)

одиннадцать eleven двадцать twenty сто one hundred рубль ruble сколько how much / how many магазин shop / store цена price

Real-World Preview

shopping-cart

At the Izmailovo Market

Review Summary

  • [Root] + надцать (11-19) / [Root] + дцать/десят (20-90)
  • 1 + Nom. Sing. | 2-4 + Gen. Sing. (-а/-я) | 5-20 + Gen. Plur. (-ов/-ей/null)

よくある間違い

Using the base form after number 5. In Russian, numbers 5-20 require the plural genitive form.

Wrong: пять рубль
正解: пять рублей

Applying the plural rule to numbers ending in 'one'. Compound numbers follow the rule of the final digit.

Wrong: двадцать один рубля
正解: двадцать один рубль

Forgetting the 'Genitive Singular' ending (-а) for the numbers 2, 3, and 4.

Wrong: четыре рубль
正解: четыре рубля

Next Steps

Numbers are the backbone of daily logic. You've just gained the power to negotiate, trade, and organize your world in Russian. Keep going!

Go to an online Russian supermarket website and try to read the prices of 10 items out loud.

Write down your phone number in Russian words.

Continue to: Possession and Belonging

クイック練習 (6)

Choose the correct sentence.

Which one is correct for 5 apples?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Пять яблок
After 5, we use Genitive Plural. The plural of 'яблоко' in Genitive is 'яблок'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)

Find the mistake in the number agreement.

Find and fix the mistake:

У меня есть одиннадцать кошка.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: У меня есть одиннадцать кошек.
11 is a teen number, so it requires the Genitive Plural form 'кошек'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)

Fill in the blank for the number 15.

Ему ___надцать лет.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: пят
When adding -надцать, we drop the soft sign from 'пять', so it becomes 'пятнадцать'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段

Find the mistake in the number 11.

Find and fix the mistake:

Is 'одинадцать' correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: одиннадцать
11 is spelled with a double 'н' (один + надцать).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段

Which is the correct word for 40?

How do you say 40 in Russian?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: сорок
40 is irregular in Russian and is always 'сорок'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: ロシア語の数字 11-100：数え方と値段

Fill in the blank with the correct form of 'час' (hour).

У меня есть два ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: часа
After the number 2, we use the Genitive Singular form 'часа'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 数え方：数字と名詞の一致 (1, 2-4, 5+)

Score: /6

よくある質問 (4)

It's an ancient term for a bundle of 40 sable furs used for trade. It's irregular but very common, so just memorize it like a boss.
Just say the ten and the unit: 'двадцать один'. It works exactly like English 'twenty-one'.
This is a remnant of an old 'dual' case in Russian used for pairs. Even though that case is gone, the grammar stuck around as Genitive Singular.
Zero (ноль) always takes the Genitive Plural. For example, 'ноль градусов' (zero degrees).
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