The word '艰巨的' characterizes tasks that are formidable and require immense effort to overcome.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Refers to tasks that are both massive and extremely difficult.
- Implies a requirement for significant effort and persistence.
- Commonly used in formal contexts for significant missions.
Overview
“艰巨”是一个在现代汉语中非常正式且具有分量的形容词。从字意上看，“艰”代表困难、艰辛，而“巨”则代表巨大、宏大。因此，这个词不仅仅是形容简单的“难”，更是形容一种“规模宏大且极具挑战性”的困难。在用法模式方面，它最常作为定语出现在名词前。最经典的固定搭配是“艰巨的任务”。此外，它也可以形容“工程”、“挑战”、“使命”或“责任”。在句子中作为谓语时，常用来定性某项工作的性质，例如“尽管条件有所改善，但脱贫攻坚的任务依然艰巨”。在常见语境中，这个词多用于书面语或正式的口头表达。它通常与国家建设、科学研究、社会改革等宏观议题联系在一起。例如，在描述载人航天工程或大型水利枢纽建设时，使用“艰巨”是非常恰当的。它传达出一种庄重感，暗示了完成该任务需要克服重重阻碍。在词义辨析上，需要区分它与几个近义词：首先是“困难”，这是一个通用词，可以形容任何不顺手的小事，而“艰巨”通常只用于重大的事情；其次是“艰苦”，它更多地形容环境或生活条件的恶劣，而“艰巨”形容的是任务本身的复杂度和强度；最后是“繁重”，它侧重于工作量大，而“艰巨”则包含了难度和深度的双重挑战。
Examples
这项任务非常艰巨，我们需要更多人手。
everydayThis task is very arduous; we need more manpower.
摆在我们面前的是一项艰巨的改革使命。
formalWhat lies before us is a formidable mission of reform.
别担心，虽然任务艰巨，但我们一定能搞定。
informalDon't worry, although the task is tough, we can definitely handle it.
这一科学命题的论证过程极为艰巨，耗时数十年。
academicThe process of proving this scientific proposition was extremely arduous, taking decades.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
任务艰巨
The task is arduous
极其艰巨
Extremely formidable
Often Confused With
艰苦 refers to harsh conditions or lifestyle (e.g., a hard life), while 艰巨 refers to the difficulty of a specific task.
繁重 emphasizes the heavy volume or physical load of work, whereas 艰巨 emphasizes the complexity and magnitude of the challenge.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word has a high level of formality. It is rarely used for trivial personal difficulties and is most effective when describing professional, scientific, or social goals that require collective effort.
Common Mistakes
A common error is using it to describe physical exhaustion or bad living conditions, where '辛苦' or '艰苦' would be more appropriate. Another mistake is using it for small, simple tasks.
Tips
Use for Large-Scale Projects
Reserve this word for monumental tasks like infrastructure, scientific research, or major social reforms.
Avoid Using for Minor Issues
Don't use it for small daily problems like 'a difficult math homework'; use '困难' instead.
Reflecting National Perseverance
This word is frequently used in Chinese media to highlight the collective determination needed for national development.
Word Origin
From '艰' (struggle/difficulty) and '巨' (gigantic/enormous), reflecting a task that is both hard and big.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, the term often evokes the spirit of 'The Foolish Old Man Removes the Mountains' (愚公移山), emphasizing persistence against monumental odds.
Memory Tip
'Jian' (艰) means hard, and 'Ju' (巨) means huge. Think of it as a 'Huge Hard Task'.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions不可以。它通常用来形容任务、工程、使命等抽象或具体的事务，不能直接形容人的性格或外貌。
“困难”是通用词，大事小事都能用；而“艰巨”程度更深，通常指规模大、影响深远且极难完成的大事。
在日常随意聊天中较少使用，它更倾向于书面语或正式的演讲、报告、新闻播报。
最常见的搭配是“任务”、“工程”、“挑战”、“使命”和“工作”。
Test Yourself
修建这条跨海大桥是一项极其___的工程。
“工程”规模宏大且难度极高，使用“艰巨”最符合语境。
选择最符合正式语境的表达：
“任务”是“艰巨”最常见的中心词；感冒、午饭和衣服都不能用“艰巨”形容。
任务 / 极其 / 这项 / 艰巨
标准的陈述句结构：主语（这项任务）+ 程度副词（极其）+ 谓语形容词（艰巨）。
Score: /3
Summary
The word '艰巨的' characterizes tasks that are formidable and require immense effort to overcome.
- Refers to tasks that are both massive and extremely difficult.
- Implies a requirement for significant effort and persistence.
- Commonly used in formal contexts for significant missions.
Use for Large-Scale Projects
Reserve this word for monumental tasks like infrastructure, scientific research, or major social reforms.
Avoid Using for Minor Issues
Don't use it for small daily problems like 'a difficult math homework'; use '困难' instead.
Reflecting National Perseverance
This word is frequently used in Chinese media to highlight the collective determination needed for national development.
Examples
4 of 4这项任务非常艰巨，我们需要更多人手。
This task is very arduous; we need more manpower.
摆在我们面前的是一项艰巨的改革使命。
What lies before us is a formidable mission of reform.
别担心，虽然任务艰巨，但我们一定能搞定。
Don't worry, although the task is tough, we can definitely handle it.
这一科学命题的论证过程极为艰巨，耗时数十年。
The process of proving this scientific proposition was extremely arduous, taking decades.
Related Content
Related Vocabulary
More work words
充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
行政
A2Administration; the management of affairs.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
