The plaintiff is the party who initiates a lawsuit in a civil court, seeking a legal remedy from the defendant.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Initiates a lawsuit against another party.
- The claimant in a civil legal case.
- Seeks legal remedy or judgment from court.
Overview
“原告”是一个法律术语，指的是在民事诉讼程序中，主动向法院提起诉讼，要求法院判令被告承担某种民事责任（如赔偿损失、停止侵权、履行合同等）的原告方。原告是案件的启动者，其诉讼请求是否成立是法院审理的重点。
在法律文件中，“原告”通常与“被告”、“第三人”、“法院”、“诉讼”、“起诉”、“判决”等词语一同出现。原告可以是自然人、法人或其他组织。在提起诉讼时，原告需要提交起诉状，明确列出被告信息、诉讼请求和事实理由。
原告一词最常出现在与法律相关的场合，例如：
Examples
该案的原告是一位年迈的退休教师。
news reportThe plaintiff in this case is an elderly retired teacher.
根据《民事诉讼法》，原告有权在判决前撤诉。
legal documentAccording to the 'Civil Procedure Law', the plaintiff has the right to withdraw the lawsuit before judgment.
如果你觉得自己的权益受损，可以考虑作为原告提起诉讼。
adviceIf you feel your rights have been infringed, you can consider bringing a lawsuit as the plaintiff.
原告在诉状中详细陈述了被告的侵权行为及其造成的损害。
academic legal writingThe plaintiff detailed the defendant's infringing actions and the resulting damages in the complaint.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
提起诉讼
To file a lawsuit
民事诉讼
Civil lawsuit
诉讼请求
Legal claim / prayer for relief
Often Confused With
The plaintiff initiates the lawsuit, while the defendant is the party being sued and must respond to the claims.
A plaintiff initiates the original lawsuit. An appellant is a party (who could have been the original plaintiff or defendant) who appeals a court's decision to a higher court.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The term 'plaintiff' is primarily used in civil litigation contexts. It denotes the party initiating the legal action. In criminal cases, the equivalent role is often referred to as the prosecutor or the state.
Common Mistakes
Confusing 'plaintiff' with 'defendant' is a common error. Remember, the plaintiff is the one bringing the case to court. Also, avoid using 'plaintiff' in criminal proceedings where 'prosecutor' is the more accurate term.
Tips
Understand Plaintiff's Role
The plaintiff drives the lawsuit forward. They must clearly state their case and provide supporting evidence to the court.
Burden of Proof
In most civil cases, the plaintiff bears the burden of proof. Failing to provide sufficient evidence can lead to losing the case.
Legal System Foundation
The concept of a plaintiff is fundamental to adversarial legal systems, where disputes are resolved through a contest between opposing parties before a neutral decision-maker.
Word Origin
The word 'plaintiff' originates from Old French 'pleintif', meaning 'complaining' or 'lamenting'. It evolved from the Latin word 'plangere', meaning 'to strike' or 'to lament'.
Cultural Context
The role of the plaintiff is central to the concept of due process and the right to seek legal redress for grievances in many legal systems influenced by common law traditions.
Memory Tip
Think of the 'plain' in plaintiff as being 'plainly' the one making the complaint or stating their case first. They are the ones who lay the 'plan' for the lawsuit.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions原告是提起诉讼的一方，要求被告承担责任。被告是被原告起诉的一方，需要应对原告的诉讼请求。
在同一个案件中，一个人通常只担任原告或被告。但在不同的案件中，或者在涉及反诉的情况下，角色的身份可能会发生变化。
任何认为自己的合法权益受到侵害，并有明确的被告和具体的诉讼请求的自然人、法人或其他组织都可以成为原告。
原告的主要权利包括处分权（如撤诉、和解）、陈述权、质证权等。主要义务包括提供证据、遵守诉讼程序等。
Test Yourself
在这起合同违约案件中，李先生是______。
李先生提起诉讼，要求对方承担责任，因此他是原告。
下列哪项描述最准确地定义了“原告”？
原告是案件的发起者，其核心职能是向法院提出诉讼请求。
请选择最通顺的句子：
这个句子清晰地表达了原告与被告之间的基本法律关系和动作。
Score: /3
Summary
The plaintiff is the party who initiates a lawsuit in a civil court, seeking a legal remedy from the defendant.
- Initiates a lawsuit against another party.
- The claimant in a civil legal case.
- Seeks legal remedy or judgment from court.
Understand Plaintiff's Role
The plaintiff drives the lawsuit forward. They must clearly state their case and provide supporting evidence to the court.
Burden of Proof
In most civil cases, the plaintiff bears the burden of proof. Failing to provide sufficient evidence can lead to losing the case.
Legal System Foundation
The concept of a plaintiff is fundamental to adversarial legal systems, where disputes are resolved through a contest between opposing parties before a neutral decision-maker.
Examples
4 of 4该案的原告是一位年迈的退休教师。
The plaintiff in this case is an elderly retired teacher.
根据《民事诉讼法》，原告有权在判决前撤诉。
According to the 'Civil Procedure Law', the plaintiff has the right to withdraw the lawsuit before judgment.
如果你觉得自己的权益受损，可以考虑作为原告提起诉讼。
If you feel your rights have been infringed, you can consider bringing a lawsuit as the plaintiff.
原告在诉状中详细陈述了被告的侵权行为及其造成的损害。
The plaintiff detailed the defendant's infringing actions and the resulting damages in the complaint.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More daily_life words
朝九晚五
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未免
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废弃
B2To abandon; to discard; to cease to use.
恪守
B2To scrupulously observe; to strictly adhere to.
反常
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充裕
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充沛
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门禁
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配件
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