B1 noun Formal 1 min read

贸易顺差

maoyi shuncha /maʊ̯⁵¹ i⁵¹ ʂwən⁵¹ ʈʂʰä¹/
Practice it

A trade surplus occurs when a nation's total export value exceeds its total import value.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Exports exceed imports in value.
  • Also known as a trade surplus or 'chuchao'.
  • Indicates strong international competitiveness and currency inflow.

Overview

  1. 1概览：贸易顺差（Trade Surplus）是衡量一个国家国际收支状况的重要指标。当一个国家向国外销售的商品和服务总值超过其从国外购买的总值时，就产生了顺差。这通常意味着该国拥有较强的国际竞争力和外汇储备。2) 用法模式：该词常作为主语或宾语，与动词“呈现”、“扩大”、“缩小”、“维持”等搭配使用。在经济评论中，它常被用来分析国家的经济健康状况。3) 常见语境：主要出现在宏观经济报告、国际贸易谈判、财经新闻以及政府年度工作报告中。4) 同类词比较：与之对应的是“贸易逆差”（Trade Deficit），即进口大于出口。虽然顺差通常被视为积极信号，但过大的顺差可能导致与贸易伙伴的摩擦，并面临本币升值的压力。相比之下，“贸易平衡”则指进出口基本持平。

Examples

1

今年上半年，我国的贸易顺差持续扩大。

formal

In the first half of this year, our country's trade surplus continued to expand.

2

巨大的贸易顺差可能会引起贸易伙伴的不满。

academic

A huge trade surplus may cause dissatisfaction among trading partners.

3

简单来说，卖的多买的小就是贸易顺差。

informal

Simply put, selling more and buying less is a trade surplus.

4

该政策旨在通过刺激内需来减少巨额贸易顺差。

formal

The policy aims to reduce the massive trade surplus by stimulating domestic demand.

Common Collocations

扩大贸易顺差 to expand the trade surplus
贸易顺差收窄 narrowing of the trade surplus
巨额贸易顺差 huge trade surplus

Common Phrases

长期贸易顺差

long-term trade surplus

贸易顺差额

amount of trade surplus

Often Confused With

贸易顺差 vs 贸易逆差

Trade deficit; when imports exceed exports. It is the exact opposite of a trade surplus.

贸易顺差 vs 财政盈余

Budget/Fiscal surplus; refers to government revenue exceeding spending, not international trade.

Grammar Patterns

出现 + 贸易顺差 贸易顺差 + 达到/为 + [金额] 由于...导致了...贸易顺差

How to Use It

Usage Notes

This term is highly formal and primarily used in professional, academic, and journalistic settings. In casual conversation, people might simply say '赚外国人的钱多' (earning more from foreigners), but '贸易顺差' is the standard term for any serious discussion about the economy.

Common Mistakes

A common mistake is using '增加' (increase) when '扩大' (expand) is more idiomatic for describing a growing surplus. Also, learners often confuse it with '财政盈余', so ensure the context is international trade, not government budgeting.

Tips

💡

Distinguish from Fiscal Surplus

Don't confuse trade surplus (international trade) with budget/fiscal surplus (government revenue vs spending).

⚠️

Contextual Collocation Matters

In formal Chinese, use '扩大' (expand) or '收窄' (narrow) rather than simple '大' or '小' to describe changes.

🌍

China's Economic Context

China has been known for a long-term trade surplus, which has significantly shaped its massive foreign exchange reserves.

Word Origin

Derived from modern economic terminology, combining '贸易' (trade) with '顺' (favorable/along) and '差' (difference/balance).

Cultural Context

In the context of China's 'Reform and Opening-up', maintaining a trade surplus was a key strategy for accumulating foreign exchange reserves to modernize the country's infrastructure.

Memory Tip

Think of '顺' (shùn) as 'smooth' or 'favorable' and '差' (chā) as the 'difference'. A 'favorable difference' means you are selling more than you are buying.

Frequently Asked Questions

4 questions

不一定。虽然顺差能增加外汇储备，但长期过大的顺差可能引发贸易摩擦，并导致国内通货膨胀压力增加。

是的，“出超”是贸易顺差的传统称呼，两者在现代经济学语境下完全通用。

持续的贸易顺差通常会增加对本国货币的需求，从而给本币带来升值压力。

政府可以通过增加进口、降低进口关税或调整汇率政策来缩小贸易顺差。

Test Yourself

fill blank

由于出口大幅增长，该国去年的贸易___达到了历史最高水平。

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: a

出口大幅增长且达到最高水平，通常指顺差（出口大于进口）。

multiple choice

Which scenario leads to a trade surplus?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: b

当出口（100亿）大于进口（80亿）时，即为贸易顺差。

sentence building

1.我国 2.贸易顺差 3.继续 4.呈现 5.态势 6.扩大的

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: a

正确句子为：我国贸易顺差继续呈现扩大的态势。

Score: /3

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