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B2 noun 10 Min. Lesezeit

مشکل‌ساز

moshkel-saaz
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At the A1 level, you don't need to use the complex word 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) yet. Instead, focus on the base word 'مشکل' (moshkel), which means 'problem' or 'difficult'. At this stage, you are learning to identify things that are hard. For example, 'این درس مشکل است' (This lesson is difficult). You might also use 'سخت' (sakht) which is the most common word for 'hard'. Think of 'moshkel' as a noun first: 'من یک مشکل دارم' (I have a problem). As an A1 learner, you describe the state of things. You say 'The car is broken' or 'The homework is hard'. You aren't yet expected to describe the complex relationship of something *causing* a problem for something else. Just remember that 'moshkel' is the building block for many higher-level words. If you see 'moshkel-sāz', just know it is related to 'problem'. Focus on simple sentences like 'Traffic is a problem' (Terāfik yek moshkel ast). This foundation will help you later when you learn how to combine words to create more specific meanings like 'troublemaker'. A1 is about the 'what', while the target word 'moshkel-sāz' is about the 'how' and 'why'. Keep it simple: use 'sakht' for difficult tasks and 'moshkel' for problems you have.
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At the A2 level, you are starting to use more adjectives to describe people and situations. You might encounter 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) in simple stories or conversations about school or work. At this level, you should understand it as 'troublesome'. You can start using it in basic sentences like 'این بچه مشکل‌ساز است' (This child is troublesome). You are moving beyond just saying something is 'hard' (sakht) to saying something is 'problematic'. You might use it to talk about a phone that doesn't work well: 'گوشی من مشکل‌ساز شده است' (My phone has become problematic). This shows you understand that the phone is the *source* of your trouble. You should also notice the '-sāz' part, which you might see in other words like 'chāy-sāz' (tea maker). This helps you realize that Persian often builds words by adding 'maker' to a noun. At A2, focus on using 'moshkel-sāz' to describe things that make your life a little bit harder. It’s a step up from A1 because you are identifying the cause. Remember to use it with 'ast' (is) or 'shodeh' (has become). It's a great word to use when you want to complain politely about a situation that is causing you stress.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to handle more complex social and technical descriptions. 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) becomes a very useful word for expressing opinions and describing issues in more detail. You can use it to talk about social issues, like 'بیکاری مشکل‌ساز است' (Unemployment is problematic). You should also be able to use it with the preposition 'برای' (barāye) to show who is affected. For example, 'این قانون برای جوانان مشکل‌ساز است' (This law is problematic for young people). At this level, you are starting to distinguish between something being 'difficult' (doshvār) and something 'causing problems' (moshkel-sāz). You might use it in a work email to describe a delay or a technical bug. You should also be comfortable with the word order: the adjective comes before the verb at the end of the sentence. B1 learners should also start recognizing the difference between 'moshkel-sāz' and 'dardesar-sāz' (the more informal version). Using 'moshkel-sāz' in a presentation or a formal letter shows a good command of intermediate Persian. It allows you to analyze a situation and point out the 'friction points' clearly. You are no longer just describing a feeling; you are describing a functional issue in a system or a group.
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At the B2 level, which is the target level for this word, you should use 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) with nuance and precision. You understand that this word implies a causal relationship. You can use it to describe abstract concepts like 'رفتار مشکل‌ساز' (problematic behavior) or 'شرایط مشکل‌ساز' (problematic conditions). At B2, you should be able to use intensifiers like 'به‌شدت' (be-sheddat - severely) or 'واقعاً' (vaghe'an - really) to qualify the degree of the problem. You also understand the orthography, specifically the use of the half-space (ZWNJ), and you use it correctly in your writing. You can contrast 'moshkel-sāz' with synonyms like 'moshkel-āfarin' (more formal) or 'chālesh-bar-angiz' (challenging/positive). A B2 learner uses this word to provide professional feedback or to participate in debates about social and political issues. For instance, you might discuss how 'تغییر اقلیم برای کشاورزی مشکل‌ساز شده است' (Climate change has become problematic for agriculture). You are capable of explaining *why* something is 'moshkel-sāz' by providing supporting details. This word is a key part of your vocabulary for 'argumentative Persian', allowing you to identify problems in a way that sounds objective and sophisticated. You also know that while it can be a noun (a troublemaker), its most powerful use is as an adjective describing systemic or behavioral issues.
At the C1 level, your use of 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) is characterized by its integration into complex, multi-clause sentences and its use in specialized contexts. You might use it in academic writing, legal discussions, or high-level business negotiations. You understand the subtle difference between 'moshkel-sāz' and more intense words like 'bohran-zā' (crisis-generating) or 'fajeeh-bar' (disastrous). A C1 learner might use the word to describe the 'problematic nature' of a philosophical argument or a complex legal loophole. You are also aware of the word's history and its relation to the verb 'sākhtan' (to make), and you might use this knowledge to appreciate wordplay in Persian literature or media. In speech, you use 'moshkel-sāz' to navigate delicate social situations, perhaps using it as a euphemism to avoid more direct criticism. For example, 'تحلیل‌های ایشان ممکن است در درازمدت مشکل‌ساز شوند' (His analyses might become problematic in the long run). You also understand how the word functions in various registers, from the highly formal 'moshkel-āfarin' in a presidential speech to the slightly more technical 'moshkel-sāz' in a software engineering report. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item; it's a tool for precise socio-political and technical critique.
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At the C2 level, you have complete mastery over 'مشکل‌ساز' (moshkel-sāz) and its entire semantic field. You can use it with native-like fluency, including in idiomatic expressions or as part of complex rhetorical structures. You might use it to critique the 'moshkel-sāz' elements of a classical poem or to discuss the 'moshkel-sāz' dynamics of international geopolitics with deep insight. You are aware of how this word has evolved in modern Persian and how it compares to similar structures in other Iranian languages or dialects. A C2 speaker might use 'moshkel-sāz' in a satirical way or to create specific stylistic effects in their writing. You can effortlessly switch between 'moshkel-sāz' and its many synonyms to suit the exact tone and 'Ta'arof' requirements of any situation. You might also recognize the word in the context of 'moshkel-goshā' (problem-solver) traditions in Iranian culture, contrasting the two to discuss social roles. Your understanding is so deep that you can identify when the word is being used ironically or as a 'buzzword' in contemporary media. For a C2 learner, 'moshkel-sāz' is a simple thread in a much larger, rich tapestry of Persian expression, used with total confidence, perfect pronunciation, and flawless grammatical integration.
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مشکل‌ساز in 30 Sekunden

  • Literally 'problem-maker', describes something that causes trouble.
  • Used for people, technology, laws, or environmental factors.
  • Formed from 'moshkel' (problem) and 'sāz' (maker).
  • Essential for expressing complaints or analyzing causes of failure.

The Persian word مشکل‌ساز (moshkel-sāz) is a powerful compound adjective and noun that literally translates to 'problem-maker' or 'difficulty-creator'. It is formed by combining the noun مشکل (moshkel), meaning 'problem' or 'difficulty', with the present stem ساز (sāz) from the verb ساختن (sākhtan), which means 'to make' or 'to build'. In the landscape of the Persian language, this word is indispensable because it captures the active nature of an entity—be it a person, a technical glitch, or a political policy—that doesn't just have a problem, but actively generates them for others.

Linguistic Composition
The suffix '-sāz' is a prolific derivational tool in Persian. When attached to a noun, it indicates that the subject produces or causes the state of that noun. Thus, 'moshkel-sāz' is someone or something that 'manufactures' trouble. This is distinct from 'moshkel-dār', which simply implies something has a flaw.
Social Context
In social settings, calling someone 'moshkel-sāz' is a significant characterization. It suggests a pattern of behavior rather than a one-time mistake. It is frequently used in professional evaluations, school reports, and interpersonal conflicts to describe a 'troublemaker' or a 'disruptive influence'.
Technical Application
In the realms of technology and engineering, a 'moshkel-sāz' element is a bug or a hardware failure that triggers a cascade of other issues. It is the 'bottleneck' or the 'root cause' of systemic failure.

رفتار او در جلسه بسیار مشکل‌ساز بود و باعث شد هیچ تصمیمی گرفته نشود.

— His behavior in the meeting was very problematic and resulted in no decision being made.

The word carries a weight of responsibility. Unlike 'doshvār' (difficult), which describes an inherent quality of a task, 'moshkel-sāz' points a finger at the source. If a road is 'doshvār', it's just hard to drive on. If a road is 'moshkel-sāz', it might be causing accidents or delays for the whole city. This distinction is crucial for CEFR B2 learners who are moving from simple descriptions to nuanced cause-and-effect analysis.

این تغییرات جدید در قوانین مالیاتی برای کسب‌وکارهای کوچک مشکل‌ساز خواهد بود.

— These new changes in tax laws will be problematic for small businesses.

Culturally, Iranians might use this word to describe a 'bad apple' in a group or a specific piece of equipment that constantly breaks down. It is a word that demands a solution; once something is identified as 'moshkel-sāz', the next logical step in the conversation is how to fix or remove it. It is not a passive observation; it is a call to action or a warning of impending chaos.

او همیشه به عنوان یک دانش‌آموز مشکل‌ساز شناخته می‌شد.

— He was always known as a troublesome student.
Grammatical Note
Note the use of the 'nim-fāseleh' (half-space or ZWNJ) between 'moshkel' and 'sāz'. In modern Persian orthography, compound adjectives formed with present stems are typically written with a half-space to maintain the visual integrity of the two components while treating them as a single lexical unit.

کمبود بودجه می‌تواند برای پروژه‌های عمرانی بسیار مشکل‌ساز شود.

— Budget shortages can become very problematic for development projects.

Using مشکل‌ساز effectively requires understanding its role as both a predicative adjective (following a verb like 'to be' or 'to become') and an attributive adjective (directly modifying a noun). Because it describes the *source* of trouble, it often appears in contexts involving causality, responsibility, and systemic issues. In this section, we will explore the syntactic patterns that make this word work in everyday and formal Persian.

Pattern 1: [Subject] + [مشکل‌ساز] + [بودن/شدن]
This is the most common construction. It states that the subject is or has become problematic. For example: 'In traffic moshkel-sāz ast' (This traffic is problematic). It is used to identify the culprit of a situation.

آلودگی هوا در شهرهای بزرگ همیشه مشکل‌ساز بوده است.

— Air pollution in big cities has always been problematic.
Pattern 2: [Noun] + [Ezafe] + [مشکل‌ساز]
Here, 'moshkel-sāz' acts as a descriptor. 'Fard-e moshkel-sāz' (The troublesome person) or 'Ghat'eh-ye moshkel-sāz' (The problematic part). This is used for classification.

مدیریت باید با کارمندان مشکل‌ساز برخورد جدی کند.

— Management must deal seriously with troublesome employees.

When discussing abstract concepts, 'moshkel-sāz' often pairs with prepositions like برای (barāye - for). This clarifies who or what is suffering from the generated problems. For instance, 'This law is problematic *for* us.' This structure is essential for debating policy or expressing personal grievances.

قطعی مکرر برق برای کارخانه‌ها بسیار مشکل‌ساز شده است.

— Frequent power outages have become very problematic for factories.
Intensifiers
To emphasize how problematic something is, use 'besyār' (very), 'vaghe'an' (really), or 'shadidan' (severely). Example: 'In mas'aleh shadidan moshkel-sāz ast' (This issue is severely problematic).

برخی از مفاد این قرارداد واقعاً مشکل‌ساز هستند.

— Some clauses of this contract are really problematic.

Furthermore, in narrative writing, 'moshkel-sāz' can be used to foreshadow conflict. By identifying a character or an object as 'moshkel-sāz' early on, the writer signals to the reader that this element will drive the plot forward through the complications it creates. It is a word of 'active friction'.

او می‌دانست که حمل آن چمدان سنگین در طول سفر برایش مشکل‌ساز خواهد شد.

— He knew that carrying that heavy suitcase during the trip would be problematic for him.

In the real world, مشکل‌ساز isn't just a textbook term; it's a staple of Persian news broadcasts, office meetings, and family discussions. If you're listening to a Persian news channel like BBC Persian or Iran International, you'll hear it constantly in reports about economic sanctions, environmental crises, or diplomatic tensions. It is the go-to word for journalists to describe a 'volatile' or 'troubling' situation without necessarily using more inflammatory language.

In the Workplace
In a Tehran office, a manager might say, 'In software moshkel-sāz shodeh' (This software has become problematic). This is a polite but firm way of saying the tool is no longer fit for purpose. It is also used in HR contexts to describe 'difficult' clients or uncooperative partners.

تاخیر در ارسال قطعات برای خط تولید بسیار مشکل‌ساز است.

— Delay in sending parts is very problematic for the production line.
In Education
Teachers use this word during parent-teacher conferences. If a child is disrupting the class, they are described as 'dānesh-āmuz-e moshkel-sāz'. It sounds more professional and analytical than simply saying the student is 'bad' (bad).

غیبت‌های مداوم او در کلاس برایش مشکل‌ساز خواهد شد.

— His constant absences in class will be problematic for him.

You will also encounter this word in legal and bureaucratic documents. When a contract has a loophole, that loophole is 'moshkel-sāz'. When a person's identity documents have an error, that error is 'moshkel-sāz'. In these contexts, the word carries a sense of 'legal complication'.

نشت نفت در خلیج فارس برای محیط زیست منطقه بسیار مشکل‌ساز شده است.

— The oil spill in the Persian Gulf has become very problematic for the region's environment.
In Daily Chores
Even at home, if the washing machine is acting up, you might say 'In māshin-e lebāsshuyi dobāreh moshkel-sāz shodeh'. It implies the machine is creating a headache for you (literally or figuratively).

فراموش کردن کلیدها همیشه برای من مشکل‌ساز است.

— Forgetting the keys is always problematic for me.

Ultimately, 'moshkel-sāz' is a word of diagnosis. Whether in a high-stakes political debate or a simple conversation about a broken appliance, it identifies the friction point. Hearing this word is a signal that the speaker is focusing on the *origin* of a difficulty, making it a key term for anyone navigating Persian-speaking professional or social circles.

While مشکل‌ساز is a versatile word, learners often trip over its specific causative meaning and its orthography. Because English uses 'problematic' for both things that *are* problems and things that *cause* problems, the distinction in Persian can be subtle but important. Here are the most common pitfalls to avoid.

Mistake 1: Using it for 'Difficult'
Learners often use 'moshkel-sāz' when they mean 'doshvār' (hard/difficult). If a math problem is hard to solve, it is 'doshvār' or 'moshkel'. It is NOT 'moshkel-sāz' unless that math problem somehow causes *other* problems (like failing an exam). Use 'moshkel-sāz' only when there is a result of trouble.

❌ این امتحان خیلی مشکل‌ساز بود.

✅ این امتحان خیلی دشوار بود.

— The exam was very difficult (not 'problem-making').
Mistake 2: The Half-Space (ZWNJ)
In writing, learners often either put a full space ('مشکل ساز') or no space at all ('مشکلساز'). Both are technically incorrect in modern standard Persian. Using a full space makes it look like two unrelated words, and no space makes it unreadable. Always use the 'nim-fāseleh' (Shift+Space on many Persian keyboards).
Mistake 3: Confusing with 'Moshkel-dār'
'Moshkel-dār' means 'having a problem' (faulty). 'Moshkel-sāz' means 'causing a problem'. A 'moshkel-dār' phone has a cracked screen. A 'moshkel-sāz' phone is one that causes you to miss a flight because the alarm didn't go off.

یک قطعه مشکل‌دار می‌تواند برای کل سیستم مشکل‌ساز شود.

— A faulty part can become problematic for the whole system.

Another error is the incorrect use of prepositions. In English, we say something is 'problematic *for*' or 'problematic *to*'. In Persian, برای (barāye) is the standard. Avoid using به (be) or با (bā) in this context unless the specific verb dictates it.

Mistake 4: Overusing it for People
While 'moshkel-sāz' is used for people, calling someone 'moshkel-sāz' to their face is quite aggressive. It's better to describe their *actions* as 'moshkel-sāz' rather than the person themselves, to maintain 'Ta'arof' (Persian etiquette).

❌ تو خیلی مشکل‌ساز هستی! (Too aggressive)

✅ این رفتار شما می‌تواند مشکل‌ساز شود. (More polite)

— This behavior of yours could become problematic.

Finally, remember that 'moshkel-sāz' is an adjective. It doesn't take verb endings directly. You must use it with a linking verb like بودن (budan), شدن (shodan), or بودن (budan). You cannot say 'He problem-makes' using just this word.

Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and depending on the level of formality or the specific type of 'problem' being caused, you might want to swap مشکل‌ساز for a more precise term. Understanding these alternatives will elevate your Persian from 'functional' to 'fluent'.

1. مشکل‌آفرین (Moshkel-āfarin)
This is the closest synonym. 'Afarin' comes from 'āfaridan' (to create). It is slightly more formal and poetic than 'moshkel-sāz'. It is often used in literature or high-level journalism to describe someone who 'creates' trouble out of thin air.

سیاست‌های غلط اقتصادی همیشه مشکل‌آفرین بوده‌اند.

— Wrong economic policies have always been problem-creating.
2. دردسرساز (Dardesar-sāz)
'Dard-e-sar' literally means 'headache'. This word is more informal and common in daily speech. While 'moshkel-sāz' sounds serious and analytical, 'dardesar-sāz' sounds like a nuisance or a hassle. Use this for a broken key or a noisy neighbor.

این بچه خیلی دردسرساز است!

— This kid is such a headache/troublemaker!
3. چالش‌برانگیز (Chālesh-bar-angiz)
This means 'challenging'. It is a more positive or neutral way to say something is problematic. If you want to describe a difficult project at work without sounding negative, use this. It implies the difficulty is something to be overcome, not just a failure.

پروژه جدید بسیار چالش‌برانگیز اما مفید است.

— The new project is very challenging but useful.
4. بحران‌زا (Bohran-zā)
'Bohran' means crisis and '-zā' (from zāyidan) means 'giving birth to'. This is a much stronger word, used for things that cause a full-blown crisis. It is common in political science and economics.

In summary, choose 'moshkel-sāz' as your default B2-level word. Move to 'dardesar-sāz' for friends, 'moshkel-āfarin' for your boss, and 'bohran-zā' when the world is falling apart. Each choice tells your listener exactly how much trouble you think is being caused.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The suffix '-sāz' is also used for musical instruments (sāz means 'instrument' in Persian), implying that a 'moshkel-sāz' is someone who 'plays' the tune of problems.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /moʃ.kel.sɒːz/
US /mʊʃ.kɛl.sɑːz/
The primary stress is on the final syllable 'sāz'. The secondary stress is on 'mosh'.
Reimt sich auf
ساز (sāz - maker) باز (bāz - open) راز (rāz - secret) نیاز (niyāz - need) پرواز (parvāz - flight) آغاز (āghāz - beginning) سرافراز (sar-afrāz - proud) دراز (derāz - long)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'mosh' like 'mush' (English 'u'). It should be 'o' as in 'more'.
  • Failing to pronounce the 'l' clearly in 'moshkel'.
  • Pronouncing 'sāz' like 'says'. It must be a long 'ah' sound.
  • Omitting the slight pause (half-space) between the two parts.
  • Putting the stress on the first syllable.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know 'moshkel' and 'sāz', but the ZWNJ might be confusing for beginners.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires correct use of the half-space and understanding of compound adjective rules.

Sprechen 3/5

Natural to say, but requires correct stress on the final syllable.

Hören 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but can be confused with other '-sāz' compounds in fast speech.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

مشکل (moshkel) سخت (sakht) ساختن (sākhtan) برای (barāye) شدن (shodan)

Als Nächstes lernen

مشکل‌گشا (moshkel-goshā) بحران (bohran) چالش (chālesh) راه حل (rāh-e hal) دردسر (dardesar)

Fortgeschritten

معضل (mo'zal - dilemma/predicament) گره (gereh - knot/problem) پیچیدگی (pichidegi - complexity) مانع (māne' - obstacle) تنش (tanesh - tension)

Wichtige Grammatik

Compound Adjectives with Present Stems

مشکل (Noun) + ساز (Present stem of ساختن) = مشکل‌ساز

Use of Half-Space (ZWNJ)

Always write 'مشکل‌ساز' not 'مشکلساز' or 'مشکل ساز'.

Ezafe Construction for Adjectives

فردِ مشکل‌ساز (The troublesome person).

Predicative Position

این موضوع مشکل‌ساز است. (The adjective comes before the verb at the end.)

Prepositional Linking

مشکل‌ساز برایِ [Subject]. (Problematic for someone/something.)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

این یک مشکل است.

This is a problem.

Simple noun 'moshkel' used with 'ast'.

2

ترافیک مشکل دارد.

The traffic has a problem (is problematic).

Using 'moshkel dārad' (has a problem).

3

کتاب من مشکل دارد.

My book has a problem.

Possessive 'man' and 'moshkel'.

4

او مشکل دارد.

He/she has a problem.

Subject 'u' with 'moshkel dārad'.

5

این کار مشکل است.

This task is difficult.

Using 'moshkel' as an adjective meaning 'difficult'.

6

سوال مشکل است.

The question is difficult.

Adjective 'moshkel' modifying 'so'āl'.

7

ماشین مشکل دارد.

The car has a problem.

Noun 'moshkel' with 'dārad'.

8

من مشکل ندارم.

I don't have a problem.

Negative 'nadāram'.

1

این بچه مشکل‌ساز است.

This child is troublesome.

First use of the compound word 'moshkel-sāz'.

2

تلفن من مشکل‌ساز شده است.

My phone has become problematic.

Using 'shodeh ast' (has become).

3

او یک دانش‌آموز مشکل‌ساز است.

He is a troublesome student.

Attributive use with Ezafe.

4

این موضوع برای من مشکل‌ساز است.

This subject is problematic for me.

Preposition 'barāye' (for).

5

برف برای راننده‌ها مشکل‌ساز شد.

The snow became problematic for drivers.

Past tense 'shod'.

6

چرا اینقدر مشکل‌ساز هستی؟

Why are you so troublesome?

Interrogative 'cherā' (why).

7

این همسایه مشکل‌ساز است.

This neighbor is troublesome.

Demonstrative 'in' (this).

8

اینترنتِ ضعیف مشکل‌ساز است.

Weak internet is problematic.

Adjective 'za'if' modifying 'internet'.

1

کمبود وقت برای پروژه مشکل‌ساز خواهد بود.

Lack of time will be problematic for the project.

Future tense 'khāhad bud'.

2

رفتار او در محیط کار مشکل‌ساز است.

His behavior in the workplace is problematic.

Compound noun 'mohit-e kār' (workplace).

3

این قطعه مشکل‌ساز را باید عوض کنیم.

We must change this problematic part.

Using 'rā' for the specific object.

4

آلودگی هوا برای سلامت مردم مشکل‌ساز شده است.

Air pollution has become problematic for people's health.

Abstract noun 'salāmat' (health).

5

فراموشی می‌تواند در زندگی مشکل‌ساز شود.

Forgetfulness can become problematic in life.

Modal 'mi-tavānad' (can).

6

او همیشه به عنوان یک فرد مشکل‌ساز شناخته می‌شود.

He is always known as a troublesome person.

Passive construction 'shenākhteh mi-shavad'.

7

این تضادها در تیم مشکل‌ساز هستند.

These contradictions in the team are problematic.

Plural 'tazād-hā' (contradictions).

8

برخی قوانین برای کسب‌وکارهای کوچک مشکل‌ساز است.

Some laws are problematic for small businesses.

Indefinite 'barkhi' (some).

1

تغییرات ناگهانی در بازار برای سرمایه‌گذاران مشکل‌ساز شد.

Sudden changes in the market became problematic for investors.

Compound adjective 'nāgahāni' (sudden).

2

نقص فنی در سیستم بانکی برای مشتریان مشکل‌ساز شده است.

A technical defect in the banking system has become problematic for customers.

Technical term 'naghs-e fanni' (technical defect).

3

او سعی کرد از برخوردهای مشکل‌ساز با همکارانش دوری کند.

He tried to avoid problematic encounters with his colleagues.

Infinitive 'duri kardan' (to avoid).

4

این بند از قرارداد می‌تواند در آینده مشکل‌ساز شود.

This clause of the contract could become problematic in the future.

Specific noun 'band' (clause).

5

عدم شفافیت در مدیریت برای سازمان مشکل‌ساز است.

Lack of transparency in management is problematic for the organization.

Formal noun 'adam-e shaffāfiyat' (lack of transparency).

6

تجمع زباله‌ها در ساحل برای گردشگری مشکل‌ساز شده است.

Accumulation of trash on the beach has become problematic for tourism.

Noun 'tajammu' (accumulation).

7

اختلافات خانوادگی برای تربیت فرزندان مشکل‌ساز خواهد بود.

Family disputes will be problematic for raising children.

Plural 'ekhtelāfāt' (disputes).

8

استفاده بیش از حد از سموم برای خاک مشکل‌ساز است.

Excessive use of pesticides is problematic for the soil.

Adverbial phrase 'bish az had' (excessive).

1

رویکردهای پوپولیستی می‌تواند برای ثبات سیاسی کشور مشکل‌ساز شود.

Populist approaches can become problematic for the country's political stability.

Academic term 'ruykard' (approach).

2

تداخل وظایف در این نهاد دولتی همواره مشکل‌ساز بوده است.

Overlapping duties in this state institution has always been problematic.

Sophisticated term 'tadākhol-e vazāyef' (overlapping duties).

3

ابهامات موجود در متن قانون برای قضات مشکل‌ساز شده است.

The existing ambiguities in the text of the law have become problematic for judges.

Plural 'abehāmāt' (ambiguities).

4

توزیع ناعادلانه ثروت در جامعه می‌تواند مشکل‌ساز و بحران‌زا باشد.

Unjust distribution of wealth in society can be problematic and crisis-generating.

Pairing with synonym 'bohran-zā'.

5

فقدان زیرساخت‌های لازم برای توسعه دیجیتال مشکل‌ساز است.

The lack of necessary infrastructure for digital development is problematic.

Formal term 'faghdān' (lack/absence).

6

این سوءتفاهم‌های دیپلماتیک برای روابط دو کشور مشکل‌ساز شد.

These diplomatic misunderstandings became problematic for the two countries' relations.

Compound noun 'su'e-tafāhom' (misunderstanding).

7

تمرکز بیش از حد قدرت در یک نهاد می‌تواند مشکل‌ساز شود.

Excessive concentration of power in one institution can become problematic.

Political science term 'tamarkoz-e ghodrat'.

8

تغییرات اقلیمی و خشکسالی برای امنیت غذایی مشکل‌ساز است.

Climate change and drought are problematic for food security.

Complex term 'amniyat-e ghazāyi' (food security).

1

واکاوی ریشه‌های این پدیده مشکل‌ساز نیازمند تخصص بالایی است.

Analyzing the roots of this problematic phenomenon requires high expertise.

Formal verb 'vākāvi kardan' (to analyze/scrutinize).

2

تقابل سنت و مدرنیته در جوامع در حال گذار همواره مشکل‌ساز بوده است.

The confrontation between tradition and modernity in transitioning societies has always been problematic.

Philosophical concept 'taghābol-e sonnat va moderniteh'.

3

خوانش‌های متفاوت از این متن ادبی می‌تواند برای منتقدان مشکل‌ساز شود.

Different readings of this literary text can become problematic for critics.

Literary term 'khānesh' (reading/interpretation).

4

پارادوکس‌های موجود در این نظریه علمی به‌شدت مشکل‌ساز هستند.

The existing paradoxes in this scientific theory are severely problematic.

Scientific term 'pārādoks' (paradox).

5

عدم انطباق قوانین با نیازهای روز جامعه مشکل‌ساز و چالش‌آفرین است.

The non-conformity of laws with the modern needs of society is problematic and challenging.

Formal term 'adam-e entebāgh' (non-conformity).

6

پیچیدگی‌های بوروکراتیک برای جذب سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی مشکل‌ساز است.

Bureaucratic complexities are problematic for attracting foreign investment.

Economic term 'pichidegi-hā-ye burokrātik'.

7

تضاد منافع در لایه‌های مدیریتی برای پیشبرد اهداف مشکل‌ساز شد.

Conflict of interest in management layers became problematic for advancing goals.

Legal term 'tazād-e manāfe' (conflict of interest).

8

فرسودگی ناوگان حمل و نقل عمومی برای شهروندان مشکل‌ساز شده است.

The exhaustion/wear of the public transport fleet has become problematic for citizens.

Technical term 'farsudegi-ye nāvgān' (fleet wear/exhaustion).

Häufige Kollokationen

فردِ مشکل‌ساز
رفتارِ مشکل‌ساز
شرایطِ مشکل‌ساز
نقصِ مشکل‌ساز
قانونِ مشکل‌ساز
بسیار مشکل‌ساز
واقعاً مشکل‌ساز
مشکل‌ساز بودن
مشکل‌ساز شدن
عاملِ مشکل‌ساز

Häufige Phrasen

اوضاع مشکل‌ساز شده

— Things have become problematic/messy. Used when a situation gets out of control.

با آمدن او، اوضاع مشکل‌ساز شده است.

یک مورد مشکل‌ساز

— A problematic case/item. Used in technical or medical reports.

این بیمار یک مورد مشکل‌ساز برای بیمارستان است.

عناصر مشکل‌ساز

— Troublesome elements. Used in social or political contexts to describe disruptive groups.

نیروهای امنیتی عناصر مشکل‌ساز را دستگیر کردند.

بندهای مشکل‌ساز

— Problematic clauses. Used specifically for contracts or laws.

باید بندهای مشکل‌ساز قرارداد را حذف کنیم.

روندِ مشکل‌ساز

— A problematic process. Used for bureaucracy or manufacturing.

این روند مشکل‌ساز باعث تاخیر در کارها می‌شود.

نقطه مشکل‌ساز

— The problematic point/bottleneck. Used in engineering or logistics.

نقطه مشکل‌ساز در این سیستم، باتری آن است.

برخوردهای مشکل‌ساز

— Problematic encounters. Used for social conflicts.

ما باید از برخوردهای مشکل‌ساز دوری کنیم.

ایده‌های مشکل‌ساز

— Problematic ideas. Used in intellectual or policy debates.

برخی از ایده‌های او برای شرکت مشکل‌ساز است.

تغییرات مشکل‌ساز

— Problematic changes. Used for sudden updates or shifts.

تغییرات مشکل‌ساز در سایت باعث نارضایتی شد.

ارتباطات مشکل‌ساز

— Problematic communications. Used for bad networking or PR.

ارتباطات مشکل‌ساز با رسانه‌ها به برند آسیب زد.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

مشکل‌ساز vs مشکل‌دار

Means 'having a problem' (faulty). 'Moshkel-sāz' means 'causing a problem'.

مشکل‌ساز vs دشوار

Means 'difficult' (inherent quality). 'Moshkel-sāz' implies an active creation of trouble.

مشکل‌ساز vs مشکل‌گشا

The opposite: 'problem-solver'.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"سنگ‌اندازی کردن"

— Literally 'to throw stones'. It means to intentionally create problems or obstacles for someone.

او مدام در کار ما سنگ‌اندازی می‌کند.

Common/Idiomatic
"مو دماغ کسی شدن"

— Literally 'to become a hair in someone's nose'. It means to be extremely annoying and troublesome.

این همسایه جدید مو دماغ ما شده است.

Informal/Slang
"قوز بالا قوز"

— A hump on top of a hump. Used when a new problem is added to an existing one, making it more problematic.

ماشین خراب بود، بنزین هم تمام شد؛ قوز بالا قوز!

Informal/Idiomatic
"کاسه کوزه را به هم ریختن"

— To mess everything up or cause a major disruption.

او با حرف‌هایش کل کاسه کوزه ما را به هم ریخت.

Informal
"آش دهن‌سوزی نبودن"

— Something that isn't particularly great, but might be problematic or not worth the trouble.

این شغل جدید هم آش دهن‌سوزی نیست و ممکن است مشکل‌ساز شود.

Informal
"خار در چشم"

— A thorn in the eye. Someone who is constantly a problem or annoyance.

او برای رقبایش مثل خار در چشم است.

Literary/Idiomatic
"دردسری برای خود درست کردن"

— To create trouble for oneself.

با این حرف‌ها فقط برای خودت دردسر درست کردی.

Neutral
"آتش بیار معرکه"

— Someone who fans the flames of a conflict; a major troublemaker in a fight.

او در این دعوا آتش بیار معرکه بود.

Idiomatic
"موی دماغ"

— A nuisance; a person who is constantly in the way or causing issues.

این قانون جدید موی دماغ صادرکنندگان شده است.

Informal
"سر بار بودن"

— To be a burden or a source of trouble for others.

نمی‌خواهم برای شما سر بار و مشکل‌ساز باشم.

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

مشکل‌ساز vs سخت

Both relate to difficulty.

'Sakht' is a general adjective for 'hard'. 'Moshkel-sāz' is a compound describing the source of trouble.

امتحان سخت بود، اما سوال دوم مشکل‌ساز شد.

مشکل‌ساز vs دردسر

Both mean trouble.

'Dardesar' is a noun (headache/trouble). 'Moshkel-sāz' is an adjective (problem-causing).

او همیشه دردسر درست می‌کند؛ او فردی مشکل‌ساز است.

مشکل‌ساز vs مانع

Both stop progress.

'Māne'' is an obstacle. 'Moshkel-sāz' is the quality of the obstacle.

این دیوار یک مانعِ مشکل‌ساز است.

مشکل‌ساز vs بحران

Both relate to negative situations.

'Bohran' is a crisis (noun). 'Moshkel-sāz' describes what leads to a crisis.

این رفتار مشکل‌ساز باعث یک بحران شد.

مشکل‌ساز vs غلط

Both are negative.

'Ghalat' means wrong/incorrect. Something can be 'ghalat' without being 'moshkel-sāz', and vice versa.

پاسخ غلط بود، اما برای من مشکل‌ساز نشد.

Satzmuster

A2

[Noun] + مشکل‌ساز + است.

اینترنت مشکل‌ساز است.

B1

[Noun] + برای + [Person] + مشکل‌ساز + است.

این کار برای من مشکل‌ساز است.

B1

[Noun] + مشکل‌ساز + شده است.

هوا مشکل‌ساز شده است.

B2

به دلیل [Reason]، این [Noun] مشکل‌ساز خواهد بود.

به دلیل باران، رانندگی مشکل‌ساز خواهد بود.

B2

باید با [Noun]ِ مشکل‌ساز برخورد کرد.

باید با رفتارهای مشکل‌ساز برخورد کرد.

C1

فقدان [Noun] می‌تواند به‌شدت مشکل‌ساز باشد.

فقدان بودجه می‌تواند به‌شدت مشکل‌ساز باشد.

C1

این [Noun] نه تنها مشکل‌ساز، بلکه بحران‌زا است.

این سیاست نه تنها مشکل‌ساز، بلکه بحران‌زا است.

C2

واکاویِ ابعادِ مشکل‌سازِ این [Noun] ضروری است.

واکاویِ ابعادِ مشکل‌سازِ این طرح ضروری است.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

مشکل (moshkel - problem)
مشکلات (moshkelāt - problems/plural)
ساختار (sākhtār - structure)
سازنده (sāzandeh - maker/builder)

Verben

ساختن (sākhtan - to make/build)
سازش کردن (sāzesh kardan - to compromise)
سازماندهی کردن (sāzmāndehi kardan - to organize)

Adjektive

مشکل (moshkel - difficult)
سازگار (sāzgār - compatible)
ساختگی (sākhtegi - artificial/fake)

Verwandt

دردسرساز (dardesar-sāz - troublesome)
مشکل‌آفرین (moshkel-āfarin - problem-creating)
مشکل‌گشا (moshkel-goshā - problem-solver)
سازوکار (sāzo-kār - mechanism)
نوساز (no-sāz - newly built)
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frequency

Very high in media, business, and education.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 'moshkel-sāz' for 'difficult' (sakht). → این امتحان سخت است.

    Use 'sakht' for tasks that are hard to do. Use 'moshkel-sāz' for things that create trouble.

  • Writing it as 'مشکلساز' (no space). → مشکل‌ساز

    Persian compound adjectives with present stems require a half-space for correct orthography.

  • Confusing 'moshkel-sāz' with 'moshkel-dār'. → ماشینِ مشکل‌دار (The faulty car).

    'Moshkel-dār' means something has a flaw. 'Moshkel-sāz' means it causes trouble for you.

  • Using 'be' instead of 'barāye'. → برای من مشکل‌ساز است.

    The preposition 'barāye' (for) is the standard link for who/what is affected by the problem.

  • Placing the stress on 'mosh'. → mo-shkel-SĀZ

    Persian compound words typically place the primary stress on the final syllable.

Tipps

Half-Space is Key

Always use the half-space (ZWNJ) in 'مشکل‌ساز'. It shows you have a high level of literacy in Persian.

Learn the Suffix

The suffix '-sāz' is used in many words like 'chāy-sāz' (tea-maker) or 'sa'at-sāz' (watchmaker). Knowing this helps you guess meanings of new words.

Be Careful with People

Calling a person 'moshkel-sāz' is a strong statement. Use it for 'behaviors' or 'situations' to be more diplomatic.

Professional Use

In business meetings, use 'moshkel-sāz' to describe systemic issues. It sounds professional and analytical.

Contrast with Solver

To sound like a native, contrast 'moshkel-sāz' with 'moshkel-goshā' in the same sentence to show a full range of ideas.

Stress the End

The stress is on 'sāz'. If you stress 'mosh', it sounds unnatural.

Formal Synonyms

In formal letters, 'مشکل‌آفرین' is often preferred over 'مشکل‌ساز'.

Informal Alternative

With friends, use 'dardesar-sāz' for minor annoyances. It's more common in casual Persian.

News Vocabulary

This is a frequent word in Persian news headlines. Look for it to understand the 'trouble spots' in a story.

Causality

Always remember: 'moshkel-sāz' is about *causing* the problem, not just *being* a problem.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Moshkel' as 'Mush-Kill'. If a giant 'mush' (mushroom) 'kills' your garden, it's a problem. 'Sāz' is like 'Says'. The 'Problem-Maker' always 'Says' there's a problem.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a person standing next to a machine that is literally printing out little pieces of paper that say 'PROBLEM'. That person is a 'moshkel-sāz'.

Word Web

Moshkel (Problem) Sākhtan (To Make) Dardesar (Headache) Bohran (Crisis) Kār (Work) Fard (Person) Sakht (Hard) Goshā (Opener/Solver)

Herausforderung

Try to find one thing in your house today that is 'moshkel-sāz' (maybe a leaky tap or a slow computer) and say out loud: 'In [thing] barāye man moshkel-sāz ast.'

Wortherkunft

A compound word. 'Moshkel' is borrowed from Arabic 'muškil' (difficult/obscure), which is the active participle of 'aškala' (to be dubious). 'Sāz' is the present stem of the Middle Persian verb 'sāxtan' (to prepare/build).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The original Arabic sense of 'moshkel' referred to things that were 'knotted' or 'obscure' to the mind. The Persian addition of 'sāz' turned it into an active 'maker of knots'.

Indo-European (Persian) + Afro-Asiatic (Arabic loanword).

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when using this to describe people. It is a strong criticism. In professional settings, it is safer to describe a 'process' or 'behavior' as problematic rather than the person.

The term 'troublemaker' is a close equivalent, but 'moshkel-sāz' is used more broadly for technical and abstract issues than 'troublemaker' usually is in English.

Commonly used in Iranian newspaper headlines regarding 'عوامل مشکل‌ساز' (problematic factors) in the economy. Often appears in Iranian cinema to describe the 'antagonist' who disrupts the family peace. Used in modern Persian pop songs to describe a 'troublesome' lover.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Workplace/Professional

  • کارمند مشکل‌ساز
  • تاخیر مشکل‌ساز
  • نقص فنی مشکل‌ساز
  • قرارداد مشکل‌ساز

Technology/IT

  • باگ مشکل‌ساز
  • آپدیت مشکل‌ساز
  • سرور مشکل‌ساز
  • کد مشکل‌ساز

Daily Life/Social

  • همسایه مشکل‌ساز
  • بچه مشکل‌ساز
  • ترافیک مشکل‌ساز
  • هوای مشکل‌ساز

Politics/News

  • قانون مشکل‌ساز
  • سیاست مشکل‌ساز
  • تحریم‌های مشکل‌ساز
  • روابط مشکل‌ساز

Education

  • دانش‌آموز مشکل‌ساز
  • امتحان مشکل‌ساز
  • غیبت مشکل‌ساز
  • روش تدریس مشکل‌ساز

Gesprächseinstiege

"به نظر شما کدام قانون در حال حاضر برای مردم مشکل‌ساز است؟ (Which law do you think is currently problematic for the people?)"

"آیا تا به حال با یک همکار مشکل‌ساز برخورد کرده‌اید؟ (Have you ever encountered a troublesome colleague?)"

"فکر می‌کنید تکنولوژی بیشتر مشکل‌گشا است یا مشکل‌ساز؟ (Do you think technology is more of a problem-solver or a problem-maker?)"

"چه چیزی در رانندگی برای شما بیشتر مشکل‌ساز است؟ (What is most problematic for you while driving?)"

"آیا رژیم غذایی خاصی برای شما مشکل‌ساز شده است؟ (Has a specific diet ever become problematic for you?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک وسیله الکترونیکی برای شما مشکل‌ساز شد و چگونه آن را حل کردید. (Write about a time an electronic device became problematic for you and how you solved it.)

آیا فکر می‌کنید شبکه‌های اجتماعی برای سلامت روان جوانان مشکل‌ساز هستند؟ چرا؟ (Do you think social media is problematic for the mental health of young people? Why?)

یک فرد مشکل‌ساز در یک داستان خیالی توصیف کنید. (Describe a troublesome person in a fictional story.)

چگونه می‌توان با یک همسایه مشکل‌ساز به روشی محترمانه برخورد کرد؟ (How can one deal with a troublesome neighbor in a respectful way?)

نقش آموزش در کاهش رفتارهای مشکل‌ساز در جامعه چیست؟ (What is the role of education in reducing problematic behaviors in society?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, it is commonly used to describe a 'troublemaker' or someone whose behavior causes difficulties for others. For example: 'او یک کارمند مشکل‌ساز است' (He is a troublesome employee).

'مشکل‌آفرین' is slightly more formal and literally means 'problem-creator' (from 'āfarin' meaning to create). 'مشکل‌ساز' is more common in daily and professional speech.

The correct spelling uses a half-space (ZWNJ): 'مشکل‌ساز'. Writing it with a full space or no space is considered an orthographic error in modern Persian.

Not exactly. An exam is 'sakht' or 'doshvār' (difficult). You would only call an exam 'moshkel-sāz' if the exam itself caused *other* problems, like causing a student to lose their scholarship.

You say: 'این برای من مشکل‌ساز است' (In barāye man moshkel-sāz ast).

It is almost always negative, as it describes the creation of problems. However, in technical analysis, it can be a neutral diagnostic term.

The most direct opposite is 'مشکل‌گشا' (moshkel-goshā), which means 'problem-solver'.

Yes, it's very common in IT to describe a 'problematic' piece of code or hardware: 'این خط کد مشکل‌ساز است'.

Yes, when used as a noun meaning 'troublemakers', you can say 'مشکل‌سازها' (moshkel-sāz-hā).

While the components are common, 'moshkel-sāz' is more of a modern prose/journalistic word. Classical poetry often uses 'moshkel-goshā' more frequently.

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writing

Write a sentence: 'The cat is troublesome.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'The rain became problematic for us.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Sudden changes in the market are problematic.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Lack of transparency is a problematic factor.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'This phone is troublesome.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Traffic in Tehran is problematic.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'This clause of the contract could be problematic.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Populist approaches are problematic for stability.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'He is a troublesome student.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Forgetfulness is problematic for me.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Technical defects are problematic for the project.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Overlapping duties are problematic in this office.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'My neighbor is troublesome.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Weak internet is problematic for classes.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Pollution is problematic for health.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Unjust distribution of wealth is problematic.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Why are you troublesome?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'This behavior is problematic.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Economic sanctions are problematic for people.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence: 'Ambiguities in the law are problematic for judges.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'This child is troublesome.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Traffic is problematic for me.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Sudden changes became problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Lack of transparency is severely problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'My phone is troublesome.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'The rain is problematic for drivers.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'This law will be problematic for us.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Overlapping duties are always problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Why are you so troublesome?'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'His behavior was problematic in the meeting.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Technical defects in the system are problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Unjust distribution of wealth is crisis-generating.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'The neighbor is troublesome.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Forgetfulness can become problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Economic sanctions are problematic for small businesses.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Ambiguities in the text are problematic for critics.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'The car is troublesome.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Air pollution is problematic for health.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Accumulation of trash is problematic for tourism.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say: 'Conflict of interest in management is problematic.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen and identify the word: 'این بچه مشکل‌ساز است.'

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen and identify the target of the problem: 'ترافیک برای من مشکل‌ساز شد.'

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen and identify the cause: 'نقص فنی در موتور مشکل‌ساز بود.'

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen and identify the abstract concept: 'عدم شفافیت مشکل‌ساز است.'

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'تلفن من مشکل‌ساز شده.' What is the subject?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'باران برای راننده‌ها مشکل‌ساز است.' Who is affected?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'این بند قرارداد مشکل‌ساز است.' What is problematic?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'تداخل وظایف مشکل‌ساز بود.' What was the issue?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'چرا مشکل‌ساز هستی؟' What is the question word?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'رفتار او مشکل‌ساز بود.' What was problematic?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'تغییرات ناگهانی مشکل‌ساز شد.' What kind of changes?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'رویکرد پوپولیستی مشکل‌ساز است.' What approach?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'همسایه مشکل‌ساز است.' Who is the person?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'فراموشی مشکل‌ساز است.' What is the noun?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen: 'آلودگی برای سلامت مشکل‌ساز است.' What is affected?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

/ 200 correct

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