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B2 verb 10 Min. Lesezeit

شکست دادن

shekast dadan
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Erklärung شکست دادن in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just beginning to learn basic verbs. You might not use 'شکست دادن' (shekast dādan) yet, but you will learn its components. 'Shekast' comes from 'shekastan' (to break), and 'dādan' means 'to give.' At this level, focus on the simple idea of winning and losing. You might say 'من بردم' (I won) or 'من باختم' (I lost). However, if you see 'شکست دادن' in a simple sentence like 'او من را شکست داد' (He defeated me), remember that the person who wins is the one doing the 'giving' of the defeat. It is a compound verb, which is a very important part of Persian grammar. Just think of it as a single action: to beat someone in a game. You use it with the word 'rā' after the person who lost. For example, 'Ali rā shekast dādam' means 'I beat Ali.' It is a useful word even for beginners because Iranians love sports like football and wrestling, and you will hear this word whenever a match is discussed. Keep it simple: Subject + Loser + rā + shekast dād.
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At the A2 level, you should start using compound verbs like 'شکست دادن' more actively. You are now moving beyond simple one-word verbs. When you play a game with friends, instead of just saying 'من بردم' (I won), you can say 'من تو را شکست دادم' (I defeated you). This shows a better command of Persian grammar. At this level, you should practice the past tense: 'شکست دادم' (I defeated), 'شکست دادی' (you defeated), 'شکست داد' (he/she defeated). You should also notice that this verb is used for physical games. It is the opposite of 'شکست خوردن' (to be defeated). A good way to remember is that 'dādan' (to give) is what the winner does, and 'khordan' (to eat/receive) is what the loser does. You will see this word in simple news headlines or children's stories where a hero defeats a villain. Try to make short sentences about your favorite sports team. For example: 'تیم من تیم تو را شکست داد' (My team defeated your team). This helps you practice the 'rā' marker and the compound verb structure together.
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At the B1 level, you are becoming an intermediate learner. You can now use 'شکست دادن' in different tenses, including the present and future. For example, 'ما حتماً آن‌ها را شکست می‌دهیم' (We will certainly defeat them). You should also start using it in metaphorical ways. It's not just about football; you can defeat a problem or a bad habit. 'من تنبلی را شکست دادم' (I defeated laziness). At this level, you should be careful not to confuse it with 'شکستن' (to break). While they look similar, 'شکست دادن' is always about a contest or a struggle between two sides. You will also encounter this word in more complex sentences with conjunctions. For example: 'اگر بیشتر تلاش کنی، می‌توانی رقیبت را شکست دهی' (If you try more, you can defeat your rival). You should also be aware of the formal vs. informal pronunciation. In a conversation, 'می‌دهم' (mi-daham) often sounds like 'می‌دم' (mi-dam). Recognizing these small changes in the verbal part of the compound verb is a key skill for B1 learners. You are now building the ability to describe outcomes and achievements more clearly.
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At the B2 level, 'شکست دادن' should be a natural part of your vocabulary. You are expected to use it in discussions about politics, history, and social issues. For example, you might talk about how a political candidate 'defeated' their opponent in a debate using logic and facts. You should also be familiar with synonyms like 'غلبه کردن' (to overcome) and understand the nuance between them. While 'شکست دادن' is a direct defeat of an opponent, 'غلبه کردن' often implies overcoming a difficult situation or a strong emotion. At this level, you should be able to use the passive form 'شکست داده شدن' (to be defeated) in formal writing. For example: 'دشمن در نبرد نهایی شکست داده شد' (The enemy was defeated in the final battle). You should also be comfortable using adverbs to describe the defeat, such as 'قاطعانه' (decisively) or 'به سختی' (with difficulty). Your understanding of the word should extend to its cultural weight; in Persian literature and history, the act of defeating a powerful foe is a sign of 'javānmardi' (chivalry) and strength. You are now using the word like a fluent speaker to describe complex victories.
At the C1 level, you are approaching advanced proficiency. You should understand the subtle registers of 'شکست دادن' and its more formal alternatives like 'مغلوب ساختن'. You can analyze texts where this verb is used to describe historical shifts or complex strategic triumphs. You should be able to use the word in sophisticated grammatical structures, such as the subjunctive or perfect tenses, to express nuances of possibility and completed actions. For example: 'اگر ارتش زودتر رسیده بود، می‌توانستند دشمن را شکست دهند' (If the army had arrived sooner, they could have defeated the enemy). You should also recognize the word in idiomatic expressions or as part of larger rhetorical patterns in Persian oratory. At this level, you are not just using the word to describe a win; you are using it to frame a narrative of success, power, and strategy. You can discuss the implications of a defeat in a socio-political context, using 'شکست دادن' to describe the dismantling of an ideology or a systemic challenge. Your vocabulary is rich enough to choose 'شکست دادن' when you want to emphasize the active role of the victor, as opposed to other verbs that might focus on the outcome alone.
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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the word 'شکست دادن'. You understand its etymological roots and its evolution in the Persian language. You can appreciate how the word is used in classical poetry (like Ferdowsi's Shahnameh) to convey epic struggles between good and evil. You can use the verb in highly formal academic writing, perhaps in a thesis about military history or political science, where you might compare 'شکست دادن' with 'منکوب کردن' (to crush/suppress). You are sensitive to the rhythm and flow of the sentence, knowing exactly when to use the full compound verb and when to use a derivative or a synonym for stylistic effect. You can handle the most complex passive and causative structures involving this root. Furthermore, you understand the psychological depth the word carries in Persian culture—how a defeat is not just a loss of a game, but often a matter of 'āberu' (prestige). You can engage in deep philosophical debates about what it truly means to 'defeat' an idea or a system, using this verb as a precise tool in your linguistic arsenal. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker.
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شکست دادن in 30 Sekunden

  • Active verb meaning 'to defeat' or 'to beat' an opponent.
  • Compound verb: شکست (defeat) + دادن (to give).
  • Requires the object marker 'را' (rā) for the loser.
  • Used in sports, war, games, and personal challenges.

The Persian compound verb شکست دادن (shekast dādan) is a fundamental expression used to describe the act of overcoming an opponent, rival, or obstacle. At its core, it translates to 'to defeat' or 'to beat.' In the Persian language, compound verbs are created by combining a noun or adjective with a 'light verb' like dādan (to give). Literally, shekast dādan means 'to give a break' or 'to give a defeat' to someone else. This is an active verb, meaning the subject is the one performing the victory.

Sports and Games
In the world of athletics, this word is ubiquitous. Whether it is a football match, a chess game, or a wrestling bout, the winner is the one who shekast dādan the other. It implies a clear-cut victory where the rules of the game have determined a superior side.
Military and Conflict
Historically and in modern news reporting, this term describes the outcome of battles or wars. When an army overcomes its enemy on the battlefield, this verb is used to denote the strategic and physical triumph over the opposing force.
Metaphorical Use
Beyond physical contests, you can defeat abstract things like fear, poverty, or a difficult disease. It suggests a struggle where the protagonist eventually gains the upper hand through effort and perseverance.

تیم ما توانست رقیب دیرینه خود را در فینال شکست دهد.

— Translation: Our team was able to defeat its long-time rival in the final.

Understanding the nuance of this word requires recognizing its active nature. You are the agent of the action. This distinguishes it from its passive counterpart, شکست خوردن (shekast khordan), which means 'to be defeated' or 'to lose.' In Persian culture, where honor and competition are often emphasized in poetry and history, the ability to shekast dādan an enemy is a frequent theme in epic literature like the Shahnameh.

قهرمان داستان بالاخره اژدها را شکست داد.

— Translation: The hero of the story finally defeated the dragon.

In everyday conversation, you might hear this in casual arguments or when playing video games. If you beat your friend in a racing game, you would triumphantly say, "من تو رو شکست دادم!" (I defeated you!). It carries a sense of finality and accomplishment. It is more formal than simply saying "win" (p پیروز شدن), as it focuses specifically on the act of making the other person lose.

او تمام ترس‌هایش را شکست داد تا به موفقیت برسد.

— Translation: He defeated all his fears to reach success.

ارتش متجاوز در نبرد مرزی شکست داده شد.

— Translation: The invading army was defeated in the border battle (Passive construction using the auxiliary).

In summary, shekast dādan is the go-to verb for any scenario involving a winner and a loser where the focus is on the winner's action of overcoming the loser. Its versatility across formal, informal, and literary contexts makes it an essential part of the B2 level Persian vocabulary.

Using شکست دادن correctly involves understanding the structure of compound verbs in Persian. The verb consists of the non-verbal element shekast (defeat) and the verbal element dādan (to give). When conjugating, only the dādan part changes according to the tense, person, and number.

Past Tense Construction
To say 'I defeated,' you use the past stem of dādan, which is dād. Example: من او را شکست دادم (Man u rā shekast dādam).
Present Tense Construction
To say 'I defeat' or 'I am defeating,' you use the present stem deh with the prefix mi-. Example: ما آن‌ها را شکست می‌دهیم (Mā ānhā rā shekast mi-dahim).

شطرنج‌باز جوان توانست استاد بزرگ را شکست دهد.

— Translation: The young chess player was able to defeat the Grandmaster.

One of the most important aspects of using this verb is the placement of the object. Since shekast dādan is transitive, the person or thing being defeated must be followed by the particle rā. If you omit rā, the sentence will sound incomplete or incorrect to a native speaker's ear, especially when the object is definite.

قهرمان جدید، رکورددار قبلی را به راحتی شکست داد.

— Translation: The new champion easily defeated the previous record holder.

When using the verb in the future tense, the auxiliary verb khāhad is placed before the short infinitive of the verbal part. For example: او رقیبش را شکست خواهد داد (He will defeat his rival). In colloquial spoken Persian, people often use the present continuous or simple present to express the future: فردا حتماً شکستش می‌دم (I'll definitely defeat him tomorrow).

اگر خوب تمرین کنی، می‌توانی هر کسی را شکست دهی.

— Translation: If you practice well, you can defeat anyone.

For negative sentences, the prefix na- is attached to the verbal part. In the past: shekast nadād (did not defeat). In the present: shekast nemi-dehad (does not defeat). Mastery of these variations allows you to describe outcomes in sports, politics, and personal struggles with precision.

Common Adverbs used with شکست دادن
Words like be rāhati (easily), be sakhti (with difficulty), ghāte'āne (decisively), and dobāre (again) frequently accompany this verb to provide more context about the nature of the victory.

تیم ملی ایران توانست حریف خود را قاطعانه شکست دهد.

— Translation: The Iranian national team was able to decisively defeat its opponent.

The word شکست دادن is not just a textbook term; it is deeply embedded in various sectors of Iranian life and media. Understanding where you will encounter it helps in recognizing the register and the weight the word carries in different situations.

Sports News and Commentary
This is perhaps the most common place to hear the word. Sports anchors on channels like IRIB Varzesh constantly use it to report scores. Whether it's the wrestling championships (where Iran has a strong tradition) or the Persian Gulf Pro League, you will hear phrases like "استقلال توانست پرسپولیس را شکست دهد" (Esteghlal was able to defeat Persepolis).
Political Discourse
In politics, candidates talk about shekast dādan their rivals in elections. It is also used in international relations when discussing overcoming sanctions or diplomatic hurdles. It frames political goals as a contest that can be won.
History and Literature
Iran has a long history of empires and battles. From the Achaemenid era to the Iran-Iraq war, historical narratives are filled with accounts of armies defeating one another. In epic poetry, heroes like Rostam are defined by their ability to defeat demons and enemy warriors.

گزارشگر با هیجان فریاد زد: «او قهرمان جهان را شکست داد!»

— Translation: The commentator shouted excitedly: "He defeated the world champion!"

In social media and modern gaming culture, the word is also prevalent. Persian-speaking gamers on platforms like Twitch or YouTube will use the term when they beat a difficult boss in a game or win a match in PUBG or Call of Duty. In these contexts, it might be shortened or used in more slang-heavy sentences, but the core verb remains the same.

در اخبار شنیدم که دانشمندان امیدوارند سرطان را شکست دهند.

— Translation: I heard in the news that scientists hope to defeat cancer.

Furthermore, motivational speakers and 'lifestyle gurus' in the Persian-speaking world use shekast dādan when talking about personal growth. They encourage people to defeat their laziness (tanbali), their procrastination (ahmāl-kāri), and their negative thoughts. In this sense, the word is part of the vocabulary of empowerment and self-improvement.

نادرشاه افشار توانست ارتش‌های بزرگی را شکست دهد.

— Translation: Nader Shah Afshar was able to defeat great armies.

Lastly, in educational settings, teachers might use it when discussing logic or debates. If one argument is much stronger than another, it is said to 'defeat' the opposing view. This intellectual application shows the word's flexibility across different domains of Persian life.

Learning شکست دادن can be tricky because of its relationship with other similar-looking verbs. The most common errors involve confusing the active and passive forms, as well as choosing the wrong 'light verb' to pair with shekast.

Confusing شکست دادن with شکست خوردن
This is the #1 mistake. شکست دادن means 'to defeat' (you win), while شکست خوردن means 'to be defeated' or 'to lose' (you lose). If you say "من شکست خوردم" when you meant you beat someone, you are actually telling them that you lost!
Omitting the Object Marker 'rā'
Because 'to defeat' always acts on someone else, you need rā. Saying "من حریف شکست دادم" is grammatically weak. It should be "من حریف را شکست دادم."
Confusing with 'shekastan' (to break)
The simple verb shekastan means to physically break something (like a glass). While shekast dādan uses the same root, it is exclusively for the metaphorical 'breaking' of an opponent's resistance.

اشتباه: من او را شکست خوردم.
درست: من او را شکست دادم.

— Explanation: You can't use 'rā' with 'shekast khordan' because it's intransitive in this context.

Another mistake is using the verb piruz shodan (to become victorious) with a direct object. In English, you can say "I won the match" or "I beat him." In Persian, piruz shodan usually takes the preposition bar (over) or is used without an object. If you want to say you defeated a specific person, shekast dādan is the much more natural choice.

اشتباه: من برادرم را پیروز شدم.
درست: من برادرم را شکست دادم.

Lastly, pay attention to the formal vs. informal conjugation of dādan. In spoken Persian, the 'd' in the middle of mi-dah-am often disappears, becoming mi-dam. Learners often forget this and sound overly formal in casual settings. Conversely, in writing, you must use the full form mi-dehad. Mixing these up won't make you misunderstood, but it will make your speech sound inconsistent.

While شکست دادن is the most common way to express defeat, Persian offers several synonyms and related terms that can add variety and precision to your language, depending on the formality and the specific context.

غلبه کردن (Ghalabe Kardan)
This means 'to overcome' or 'to prevail.' It is often used with the preposition bar (over). It is slightly more formal and is frequently used for overcoming abstract challenges like 'overcoming fear' (ghalabe kardan bar tars).
مغلوب ساختن (Maghlub Sākhtan)
This is a very formal, literary way to say 'to defeat.' You will find this in history books or formal news reports. It literally means 'to make (someone) the defeated one.'
پیروز شدن (Piruz Shodan)
This means 'to win' or 'to become victorious.' While related, it focuses on the winner's state rather than the act of defeating the opponent. It's like the difference between saying 'I won' and 'I beat them.'
بردن (Bordan)
In casual conversation, bordan (to carry/to win) is used very often. "من بردم" (I won). It is less intense than shekast dādan and is used for simple games or bets.

او بر رقیبان خود غلبه کرد.

— Translation: He prevailed over his rivals (More formal).

When choosing between these, consider your audience. If you are writing an essay about history, maghlub sākhtan or shekast dādan are appropriate. If you are talking to a friend about a football match, shekast dādan or bordan are better. Ghalabe kardan is perfect for psychological or emotional victories.

تیم میزبان حریف را مغلوب ساخت.

— Translation: The host team defeated the opponent (Literary/Formal).

In some contexts, you might also see dar-ham koobidan (to crush/to smash), which is a much more aggressive and hyperbolic version of 'to defeat,' often used in sports headlines to describe a landslide victory.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

In Old Persian, the concept of defeat was often linked to 'lie' (drauga). To defeat someone was to prove their 'lie' or false claim to power. The modern compound 'shekast dādan' is a relatively later development in New Persian (post-Islamic era).

Aussprachehilfe

UK /ʃe.kæst dɒː.dæn/
US /ʃe.kæst dɑː.dæn/
The primary stress is on the second syllable of the first word: she-KAST, and the first syllable of the second word: DĀ-dan.
Reimt sich auf
نشست (neshast - sat) بست (bast - closed) دست (dast - hand) هست (hast - is) مست (mast - drunk) شصت (shast - sixty) گسست (gosast - broke apart) پیوست (peyvast - joined)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'shekast' as 'she-keest' (wrong vowel).
  • Making the 'ā' in 'dādan' too short like 'apple'.
  • Merging the two words into one without a slight pause.
  • Forgetting the 't' at the end of 'shekast'.
  • In spoken Persian, failing to recognize 'mi-dam' as the contraction of 'mi-daham'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 3/5

Easy to recognize in texts due to the common 'dādan' verb.

Schreiben 4/5

Requires correct conjugation and use of the 'rā' marker.

Sprechen 4/5

Must distinguish from 'shekast khordan' in real-time conversation.

Hören 3/5

Clear pronunciation, but watch for contractions in speech.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

دادن (to give) شکست (defeat/noun) را (object marker) بردن (to win) باختن (to lose)

Als Nächstes lernen

غلبه کردن (to overcome) پیروز شدن (to win) موفقیت (success) قهرمانی (championship) رقیب (rival)

Fortgeschritten

منکوب ساختن مضمحل کردن از پای درآوردن منهدم کردن

Wichtige Grammatik

Compound Verb Conjugation

Only 'dādan' changes: شکست دادم، شکست دادی، شکست داد.

Direct Object Marker 'rā'

من حریف *را* شکست دادم.

Subjunctive with Modal Verbs

می‌خواهم او را شکست *دهم*.

Negative Prefix 'na-'

او رقیبش را شکست *نداد*.

Passive Construction

دشمن شکست داده *شد*.

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

من او را شکست دادم.

I defeated him.

Simple past tense.

2

آیا تو من را شکست دادی؟

Did you defeat me?

Question form in past tense.

3

تیم ما آن‌ها را شکست داد.

Our team defeated them.

Subject is 'تیم ما'.

4

او برادرش را شکست داد.

He defeated his brother.

Direct object marker 'rā' is used.

5

ما در بازی شکست دادیم.

We defeated (someone) in the game.

Incomplete without 'rā', but common in simple talk.

6

من گربه را در دویدن شکست دادم.

I beat the cat in running.

Humorous usage.

7

پدرم من را شکست داد.

My father defeated me.

Subject is 'پدرم'.

8

آن‌ها ما را شکست دادند.

They defeated us.

Plural subject and object.

1

ما حریف را به راحتی شکست دادیم.

We defeated the opponent easily.

Adverbial phrase 'به راحتی' added.

2

او می‌خواهد همه را شکست دهد.

He wants to defeat everyone.

Use of 'می‌خواهد' with subjunctive.

3

تیم ملی ایران حریفش را شکست داد.

The Iranian national team defeated its opponent.

More formal subject.

4

من دیروز در شطرنج تو را شکست دادم.

I defeated you in chess yesterday.

Time adverb 'دیروز'.

5

آیا می‌توانی این غول را شکست دهی؟

Can you defeat this giant?

Modal verb 'می‌توانی'.

6

او هیچ‌وقت شکست نمی‌دهد.

He never defeats (anyone).

Negative present tense.

7

ما باید آن‌ها را شکست دهیم.

We must defeat them.

Modal 'باید' with subjunctive.

8

آن‌ها در فینال ما را شکست دادند.

They defeated us in the final.

Locative phrase 'در فینال'.

1

برای شکست دادن دشمن باید نقشه داشته باشیم.

To defeat the enemy, we must have a plan.

Infinitive form 'شکست دادن' as a purpose.

2

او توانست بر ترس‌هایش شکست دهد.

He was able to defeat his fears.

Metaphorical use (Note: 'غلبه کردن' is more common here, but this is used too).

3

اگر تلاش کنی، حتماً او را شکست می‌دهی.

If you try, you will certainly defeat him.

Conditional sentence type 1.

4

تیم ما در نیمه دوم حریف را شکست داد.

Our team defeated the opponent in the second half.

Specific context.

5

قهرمان داستان با شجاعت اژدها را شکست داد.

The hero of the story defeated the dragon with courage.

Narrative style.

6

او همیشه رقبایش را با هوش خود شکست می‌دهد.

He always defeats his rivals with his intelligence.

Present tense for habitual action.

7

ما موفق شدیم تیم اول جدول را شکست دهیم.

We succeeded in defeating the top team in the table.

Complex verb 'موفق شدن'.

8

شکست دادن این تیم کار آسانی نیست.

Defeating this team is not an easy task.

Infinitive as the subject.

1

نامزد انتخاباتی رقیب خود را در مناظره شکست داد.

The election candidate defeated his rival in the debate.

Political context.

2

ارتش توانست نیروهای شورشی را قاطعانه شکست دهد.

The army was able to decisively defeat the rebel forces.

Military context with adverb.

3

دانشمندان در تلاشند تا این بیماری را شکست دهند.

Scientists are trying to defeat this disease.

Scientific/Medical context.

4

او با ارائه مدارک محکم، حریف خود را در دادگاه شکست داد.

He defeated his opponent in court by presenting solid evidence.

Legal context.

5

شرکت ما توانست رقبای خارجی را در بازار شکست دهد.

Our company was able to defeat foreign rivals in the market.

Business context.

6

او با اراده‌ای قوی، اعتیاد را شکست داد.

With a strong will, he defeated addiction.

Personal struggle context.

7

تیم میزبان با حمایت تماشاگران حریف را شکست داد.

The host team defeated the opponent with the support of the fans.

Social context.

8

او رکورددار جهان را در مسابقات المپیک شکست داد.

He defeated the world record holder in the Olympic Games.

High-level sports context.

1

نظریه جدید توانست دیدگاه‌های سنتی را در محافل علمی شکست دهد.

The new theory was able to defeat traditional views in scientific circles.

Intellectual/Abstract context.

2

حکومتی که نتواند فقر را شکست دهد، پایدار نخواهد بود.

A government that cannot defeat poverty will not be sustainable.

Socio-political analysis.

3

او با استدلال‌های منطقی، منتقدین خود را کاملاً شکست داد.

He completely defeated his critics with logical arguments.

Rhetorical context.

4

برای شکست دادن یک ایدئولوژی، باید ریشه‌های آن را شناخت.

To defeat an ideology, one must know its roots.

Philosophical context.

5

او در فینال چنان حریف را شکست داد که هیچ حرفی باقی نماند.

He defeated the opponent in the final in such a way that no words were left (indisputable).

Emphatic construction.

6

شکست دادن تورم نیازمند سیاست‌های پولی دقیق است.

Defeating inflation requires precise monetary policies.

Economic context.

7

آن‌ها توانستند با استفاده از تکنولوژی برتر، دشمن را شکست دهند.

They were able to defeat the enemy using superior technology.

Technological context.

8

او با صبر و حوصله، تمام ناملایمات زندگی را شکست داد.

With patience, he defeated all the hardships of life.

Literary/Philosophical context.

1

تاریخ‌نگاران بر این باورند که نبوغ نظامی فرمانده باعث شکست دادن ارتش عظیم شد.

Historians believe that the commander's military genius caused the defeat of the massive army.

Formal historiography.

2

او در جستجوی راهی برای شکست دادن مرگ از طریق علم ژنتیک است.

He is searching for a way to defeat death through genetic science.

Existential/Scientific context.

3

شکست دادن هژمونی فرهنگی نیازمند تولید محتوای بومی و غنی است.

Defeating cultural hegemony requires the production of rich native content.

Sociological terminology.

4

او چنان با ظرافت رقیب را شکست داد که حتی خود او نیز متوجه نشد.

He defeated the rival so subtly that even the rival himself didn't notice.

Nuanced description of action.

5

در این تراژدی، قهرمان در نهایت توسط سرنوشت شکست داده می‌شود.

In this tragedy, the hero is ultimately defeated by fate.

Literary criticism/Passive voice.

6

شکست دادن تعصبات ریشه‌دار در جامعه، فرآیندی طولانی و دشوار است.

Defeating deep-rooted prejudices in society is a long and difficult process.

Advanced social commentary.

7

او با تسلط بر روانشناسی حریف، او را پیش از شروع مسابقه شکست داد.

By mastering the opponent's psychology, he defeated him before the match even began.

Psychological nuance.

8

نیروی ایمان توانست حتی مجهزترین ارتش‌ها را نیز شکست دهد.

The power of faith was able to defeat even the best-equipped armies.

Rhetorical/Spiritual context.

Häufige Kollokationen

قاطعانه شکست دادن
به سختی شکست دادن
در فینال شکست دادن
دشمن را شکست دادن
ترس را شکست دادن
رقیب را شکست دادن
با اختلاف زیاد شکست دادن
دوباره شکست دادن
به راحتی شکست دادن
در جنگ شکست دادن

Häufige Phrasen

شکست دادن نفس

— To defeat one's ego or desires. Used in spiritual contexts.

بزرگترین جهاد، شکست دادن نفس است.

شکست دادن غول مرحله آخر

— To defeat the final boss. Used in gaming.

بالاخره غول مرحله آخر را شکست دادم.

شکست دادن بیماری

— To overcome an illness.

او توانست سرطان را شکست دهد.

شکست دادن رکورد

— To beat a record (though 'شکستن رکورد' is more common).

او رکورد قبلی را شکست داد.

شکست دادن حریف قدرتمند

— To defeat a powerful opponent.

شکست دادن حریف قدرتمند کار ساده‌ای نیست.

شکست دادن در وقت اضافه

— To defeat in extra time.

تیم ما حریف را در وقت اضافه شکست داد.

شکست دادن با ضربه فنی

— To defeat by technical knockout (wrestling/boxing).

او حریفش را با ضربه فنی شکست داد.

شکست دادن با پنالتی

— To defeat via penalties.

آلمان انگلیس را با پنالتی شکست داد.

شکست دادن فقر

— To defeat poverty.

دولت باید فقر را شکست دهد.

شکست دادن ناامیدی

— To defeat despair.

او با امیدواری، ناامیدی را شکست داد.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

شکست دادن vs شکست خوردن

This means 'to be defeated' (passive/losing). 'شکست دادن' is 'to defeat' (active/winning).

شکست دادن vs شکستن

This means 'to break' something physical. You break a glass (shishe rā shekasti), but you defeat an opponent (harif rā shekast dādi).

شکست دادن vs باختن

This means 'to lose' (a game). You don't 'bākhtan' an opponent; you 'bākhtan' the game.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"پشت کسی را به خاک مالیدن"

— To rub someone's back to the dirt. Meaning to defeat someone decisively, especially in wrestling.

پهلوان ما پشت حریف را به خاک مالید.

Informal/Traditional
"کیش و مات کردن"

— To checkmate someone. Used metaphorically for a total defeat.

او با این سوال، استاد را کیش و مات کرد.

Neutral
"دم کسی را چیدن"

— To cut someone's tail. Meaning to defeat or humble someone who is being arrogant.

بالاخره یکی پیدا شد که دم او را بچیند.

Informal/Slang
"شاخ کسی را شکستن"

— To break someone's horn. Meaning to humble or defeat a powerful/arrogant person.

او شاخ مدعیان را شکست.

Informal
"پنجه در پنجه افکندن"

— To lock claws. Meaning to engage in a struggle and try to defeat someone.

او با قهرمان جهان پنجه در پنجه افکند و او را شکست داد.

Literary
"از میدان به در کردن"

— To put someone out of the field. To defeat and remove a competitor.

او تمام رقبای تجاری‌اش را از میدان به در کرد.

Neutral
"پنبه کسی را زدن"

— To beat someone's cotton. Meaning to ruin someone or defeat them completely.

در جلسه‌ی امروز، پنبه‌ی رقیبش را زد.

Slang
"فاتحه کسی را خواندن"

— To read the Fatiha (funeral prayer) for someone. Meaning to finish someone off or defeat them totally.

اگر این گل را بزنیم، فاتحه‌ی حریف خوانده است.

Informal
"نقش بر آب کردن"

— To make a design on water. To defeat someone's plans.

او نقشه‌های دشمن را نقش بر آب کرد.

Literary
"پوز کسی را به خاک مالیدن"

— To rub someone's snout in the dirt. A very humiliating defeat.

او پوز رقیبش را به خاک مالید.

Informal/Aggressive

Leicht verwechselbar

شکست دادن vs پیروز شدن

Both relate to winning.

Piruz shodan means 'to win' (state), while shekast dādan means 'to defeat' (action against someone).

ما پیروز شدیم (We won) vs. ما آن‌ها را شکست دادیم (We defeated them).

شکست دادن vs غلبه کردن

Both mean overcoming something.

Ghalabe kardan is more formal and often used with 'bar' (over).

او بر مشکلات غلبه کرد.

شکست دادن vs مغلوب کردن

Same meaning.

Maghlub kardan (or sākhtan) is much more formal and literary.

پادشاه دشمن را مغلوب کرد.

شکست دادن vs بردن

Both used for winning.

Bordan is simple and informal; shekast dādan is more descriptive.

من بردم! (I won!)

شکست دادن vs کوبیدن

Related to force.

Koobidan means to pound or hit; shekast dādan is specifically about the outcome of a contest.

او به در کوبید.

Satzmuster

A1

[Subject] [Object] rā shekast dād.

Man u rā shekast dādam.

A2

[Subject] [Object] rā be rāhati shekast dād.

Mā harif rā be rāhati shekast dādim.

B1

[Subject] mikhāhad [Object] rā shekast dehad.

Ali mikhāhad mā rā shekast dehad.

B2

[Subject] movafagh shod [Object] rā shekast dehad.

Dāneshmandān movafagh shodand bimāri rā shekast dehand.

C1

Barāye shekast dādane [Object], bāyad...

Barāye shekast dādane tavarrom, bāyad siāsat-hāye daghigh dāsht.

C2

[Subject] ghouye [Object] rā dar ham koobid.

Artishe mā ghouye doshman rā dar ham koobid.

B1

Agar [Subject] talāsh konad, [Object] rā shekast mi-dehad.

Agar talāsh koni, u rā shekast mi-dehi.

B2

[Object] dar [Context] shekast dāde shod.

Harif dar daghigh-eye 90 shekast dāde shod.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

شکست defeat/failure
شکست‌دهنده defeater/victor
شکست‌خوردگی the state of being defeated

Verben

شکستن to break (physical or abstract)
شکست خوردن to be defeated (passive)
ورشکست شدن to go bankrupt

Adjektive

شکست‌ناپذیر invincible/undefeatable
شکست‌خورده defeated
شکستنی fragile/breakable

Verwandt

پیروزی (victory)
نبرد (battle)
حریف (opponent)
قهرمان (champion)
موفقیت (success)
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frequency

Very high in sports and news; medium in daily household conversation.

Häufige Fehler
  • من او را شکست خوردم. → من او را شکست دادم.

    You used the 'eating' (passive) verb with an object marker. You can't 'eat' someone else's defeat.

  • تیم ما حریف شکست داد. → تیم ما حریف را شکست داد.

    Missing the 'rā' object marker. The opponent is a specific object here.

  • من شیشه را شکست دادم. → من شیشه را شکستم.

    You used the compound verb for a physical object. Use the simple verb 'shekastan' for physical breaking.

  • ما پیروز دادیم. → ما شکست دادیم / ما پیروز شدیم.

    Mixing up 'piruz' (victory) with 'dādan'. Piruz goes with 'shodan'.

  • او من شکست داد. → او من را شکست داد.

    Incorrect word order and missing 'rā'. The object marker is vital.

Tipps

Watch the 'Rā'

Always remember that the person who lost gets the 'rā' marker. It's the most common mistake for learners.

The Dādan/Khordan Pair

Learn 'shekast dādan' and 'shekast khordan' together. They are two sides of the same coin.

Spoken Contractions

In Tehran, 'mi-deham' becomes 'mi-dam'. Don't be surprised when you hear it!

Wrestling Context

If you talk about wrestling in Iran, this is your most important verb. It's the national sport!

Use Adverbs

Add 'be rāhati' (easily) or 'be sakhti' (with difficulty) to your sentences to sound more fluent.

Not Just for People

Use it for 'defeating' problems, diseases, or bad habits to sound more sophisticated.

The Giver Wins

Remember: The person who 'gives' (dādan) the defeat is the winner. Be the giver!

News Headlines

Listen for this word in the first 5 minutes of any Persian news broadcast; it's almost always there in the sports section.

Don't Be Too Aggressive

In polite company, 'piruz shodan' (winning) sounds a bit more humble than 'shekast dādan' (defeating them).

Passive Voice

Learn 'shekast dāde shod' for formal writing. It makes your Persian sound very academic.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine you are 'giving' (dādan) a 'break' (shekast) to your opponent's winning streak. You break their luck by giving them a defeat.

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a karate expert 'breaking' a board. Now imagine that board is the opponent's shield. You 'give' that 'break' to them to win.

Word Web

Winner (برنده) Loser (بازنده) Game (بازی) War (جنگ) Strategy (نقشه) Power (قدرت) Goal (هدف) End (پایان)

Herausforderung

Write three sentences: one about a sports team, one about a video game, and one about a personal fear, all using 'شکست دادن' in different tenses.

Wortherkunft

The word 'shekast' comes from the Middle Persian (Pahlavi) word 'shikast', which is the past participle of 'shikastan' (to break). This derives from the Proto-Indo-European root '*sked-' meaning 'to split' or 'to scatter'.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The original meaning was strictly physical: to break, shatter, or fragment an object. Over time, it evolved to describe the 'breaking' of an army's formation or an opponent's spirit.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful when using this word in sensitive political or personal arguments, as it can sound very aggressive or boastful.

In English, we often say 'I beat him' or 'I won'. In Persian, 'I won' (Man bordam) is common, but 'شکست دادن' is more descriptive of the action against the opponent.

The Shahnameh (Epic of Kings) by Ferdowsi. Modern Iranian sports headlines about the national football team (Team Melli). Historical accounts of Nader Shah's conquests.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Sports

  • بردن مسابقه
  • قهرمان شدن
  • شکست دادن رقیب
  • کسب مدال طلا

Gaming

  • مرحله بعد
  • امتیاز گرفتن
  • شکست دادن غول
  • باختن بازی

War/History

  • فتح کردن
  • عقب‌نشینی
  • شکست دادن ارتش
  • صلح کردن

Personal Growth

  • غلبه بر ترس
  • شکست دادن تنبلی
  • تلاش کردن
  • به هدف رسیدن

Debate/Politics

  • قانع کردن
  • شکست دادن رقیب سیاسی
  • رای آوردن
  • استدلال کردن

Gesprächseinstiege

"آخرین باری که کسی را در یک بازی شکست دادی کی بود؟"

"آیا تیم فوتبال مورد علاقه تو می‌تواند حریفش را شکست دهد؟"

"چگونه می‌توانیم ترس از سخنرانی را شکست دهیم؟"

"به نظر تو شکست دادن فقر در جهان ممکن است؟"

"در بازی‌های کامپیوتری، شکست دادن کدام غول برایت سخت‌تر بود؟"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که یک چالش بزرگ را در زندگی خود شکست دادید.

اگر می‌توانستید یک صفت بد را در خودتان شکست دهید، آن چیست؟

توصیف کنید که شکست دادن یک رقیب قدرتمند چه حسی دارد.

آیا همیشه شکست دادن دیگران به معنای موفقیت است؟ چرا؟

یک داستان کوتاه درباره قهرمانی بنویسید که باید دشمنی نادیدنی را شکست دهد.

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No. For physical objects, use the simple verb 'شکستن' (shekastan). 'شکست دادن' is only for defeating an opponent or an abstract challenge like fear.

The difference is who wins. In 'شکست دادن', the subject is the winner (I defeated him). In 'شکست خوردن', the subject is the loser (I was defeated by him). Think of it as 'giving defeat' vs 'receiving/eating defeat'.

It is neutral. You can use it in a friendly game of cards, in a sports broadcast, or in a history book. It is a very versatile verb.

Yes, if you are naming the person or thing you defeated. For example: 'Man Ali rā shekast dādam.' Without 'rā', the sentence is grammatically incomplete.

In formal Persian: 'Man shekast khāham dād.' In informal spoken Persian: 'Man shekastesh mi-dam' or 'Man shekast mi-dam'.

While 'شکستن رکورد' (breaking a record) is more common, you can say 'شکست دادن رکورددار' (defeating the record holder).

The past participle is 'شکست داده' (shekast dāde), which is used in the passive voice: 'شکست داده شد' (was defeated).

Yes, 'شکست‌دهنده' (shekast-dahande). For example: 'او شکست‌دهنده قهرمان بزرگ بود' (He was the defeater of the great champion).

Yes, it is very common. 'من بالاخره سیگار کشیدن را شکست دادم' (I finally defeated smoking/the habit of smoking).

Persian uses a limited number of 'light verbs' (like dādan, kardan, shodan) combined with nouns (like shekast) to create most of its actions. This is a core feature of the language.

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writing

Translate to Persian: 'I defeated him.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate to Persian: 'We will defeat the opponent.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence about defeating a fear.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'They defeated us easily.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'You must defeat your laziness.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Use 'شکست دادن' in the present continuous tense (I am defeating).

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The hero defeated the dragon.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a formal sentence about an army defeating an enemy.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Can you defeat me in chess?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Our team was defeated.' (Use passive of shekast dādan)

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'He never defeats anyone.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'We defeated the top team.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Write a sentence using 'قاطعانه' and 'شکست دادن'.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'I hope to defeat this illness.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'Who defeated the champion?'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'They are trying to defeat the inflation.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'I defeated my brother in a race.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'The truth will defeat the lie.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'She defeated all her rivals.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
writing

Translate: 'We will defeat them tomorrow.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Describe a game you won using 'شکست دادن'.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Talk about a challenge you want to defeat.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Explain how your favorite team defeated their rival.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask a friend if they can beat you in a race.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Discuss a historical victory of your country.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'I will defeat my laziness today.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask 'Who defeated the world champion?'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Express confidence about a future match.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Tell someone they were defeated fairly.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Discuss the importance of defeating bad habits.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Describe a video game boss you defeated.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'We were able to defeat the enemy.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Ask 'How can we defeat inflation?'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Tell a short story about a hero defeating a monster.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'I defeated my record.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Discuss a political defeat.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'Nobody can defeat us.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Talk about a time you lost (use shekast khordan).

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Say 'I want to defeat my fear of heights.'

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
speaking

Explain that defeating an opponent requires a plan.

Read this aloud:

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If you hear 'او من را شکست داد', who won?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If someone says 'ما حریف را قاطعانه شکست دادیم', was it a close game?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'فردا شکستت می‌دم', when will the defeat happen?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If you hear 'دشمن شکست داده شد', is the sentence active or passive?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If someone says 'من شکست خوردم', did they win or lose?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'باید تنبلی را شکست داد', what is the goal?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If you hear 'شکست‌ناپذیر', can the person be defeated?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'او رقیبش را در شطرنج کیش و مات کرد', what game were they playing?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If someone says 'من رکورد را شکست دادم', what did they do?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'دانشمندان بیماری را شکست می‌دهند', what is the context?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If you hear 'او پوز رقیب را به خاک مالید', was the defeat humiliating?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'تیم ما با پنالتی شکست داد', how was the game decided?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If someone says 'باید ریشه‌های فقر را شکست داد', what is the topic?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

In 'او هیچ‌کس را شکست نداد', did he win any matches?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

If you hear 'او بر ترس خود غلبه کرد', is it similar to 'shekast dādan'?

Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

/ 190 correct

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