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A2 verb #3,000 am häufigsten 9 Min. Lesezeit

سوختن

sookhtan Top 3,000

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Erklärung سوختن in your Level:

At the A1 level, focus on the most literal and common uses of 'سوختن'. You will primarily see it in the context of food and basic physical sensations. For example, if you are in the kitchen and the rice is ruined, you say 'غذا سوخت' (The food burned). If you touch something very hot, you might shout 'سوختم!' (I burned! / I'm burned!). At this stage, you don't need to worry about the deep poetic meanings. Just remember that it describes something that is damaged by heat or fire. It is an intransitive verb, so the thing that burns is always the subject of the sentence. You will mostly use it in the simple past tense ('سوخت') to describe a finished event.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'سوختن' for common household failures and basic emotional expressions. You will learn that a lightbulb 'می‌سوزد' (burns out) and a fuse can 'بسووزد' (burn/blow). This is also the level where you introduce the very common phrase 'دلم سوخت' (I felt sorry / My heart burned). You should be able to conjugate the verb in the present continuous ('دارد می‌سوزد') and the simple future. You'll start to notice the difference between 'سوختن' and 'سوزاندن' (the transitive version), though you might still make mistakes between them. Focus on the idea of something being rendered useless, whether it's a burnt piece of toast or a broken electronic device.

By B1, you should be comfortable with the metaphorical uses of 'سوختن' in social and informal contexts. You will encounter it in games ('سوختی!' - You're out!) and in discussions about missed opportunities ('فرصتم سوخت' - My opportunity was wasted). You'll also see it used for skin reactions, like a sunburn ('پوستم در آفتاب سوخت'). At this level, you should be able to use the subjunctive mood ('ممکن است بسوزد' - It might burn) and the perfect tenses ('سوخته است' - It has burned). You'll also start to understand compound words like 'دل‌سوخته' (heart-broken/sympathetic) and how they function as adjectives in a sentence.

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At the B2 level, 'سوختن' enters the realm of literature and more complex social commentary. You will understand the term 'نسل سوخته' (The Burnt Generation) and the historical/sociological weight it carries in Iran. You should be able to use the verb in complex conditional sentences ('اگر زودتر نیامده بودی، همه چیز می‌سوخت'). You will also encounter 'سوختن' in more varied registers, from technical manuals describing electrical failures to more descriptive prose in novels where 'burning' describes the atmosphere of a sunset or a feverish state. You should have a clear distinction between 'سوختن', 'آتش گرفتن', and 'مشتعل شدن' (to ignite).

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At the C1 level, you explore the poetic and philosophical depths of 'سوختن'. You will study classical Persian poetry where 'burning' is a symbol for spiritual purification and the intensity of love. You'll analyze how poets like Hafez and Rumi use the image of the 'burnt heart' to convey complex mystical states. You should also be able to use 'سوختن' in highly formal or academic contexts, such as discussing the 'combustion' of fuels in a scientific paper or the 'erosion' of rights in a legal or political critique. Your vocabulary will include rare derivatives and archaic forms of the verb used in classical texts.

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At the C2 level, you have a native-like command of 'سوختن' in all its nuances. You can pick up on subtle puns and wordplay involving the various meanings of 'burn,' 'fuel,' and 'loss.' You are comfortable with the most obscure idioms and can use the verb to express high-level abstract concepts. You understand the historical evolution of the word from its Indo-European roots and its relationship to words in other Iranian languages. You can engage in deep literary analysis of 'burning' as a motif in Iranian culture, from the fire temples of Zoroastrianism to the modern cinema of the 21st century.

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سوختن in 30 Sekunden

Primarily means 'to burn' (intransitive) or to be consumed by fire.
Commonly used for electrical failures like a lightbulb burning out.
Essential for expressing empathy: 'Delam sukht' means 'I feel sorry.'
Used in games to mean 'you are out' or 'you lost your turn.'

The Persian verb سوختن (pronounced 'sukhtan') is a multifaceted word that primarily translates to 'to burn' in an intransitive sense. In its most literal form, it describes the process of combustion where an object is consumed by fire or heat. However, its utility in the Persian language extends far beyond the fireplace or the kitchen stove. It is a cornerstone of emotional expression, technical failure, and even social justice in Iranian discourse. Understanding 'sukhtan' requires a journey through physical states, metaphorical heartaches, and colloquial slang that defines everyday interactions in Tehran and beyond.

The Physical Realm: In the physical sense, 'sukhtan' is intransitive. This means the subject itself is the one undergoing the burning. If a piece of wood is in the fire, it 'می‌سوزد' (is burning). If you want to say 'I burned the wood,' you must use the transitive counterpart, 'سوزاندن'. This distinction is crucial for learners to avoid grammatical errors that sound unnatural to native ears.
The Technological Realm: When a lightbulb stops working, or a computer motherboard fails due to an electrical surge, Persians say it has 'burnt.' 'لامپ سوخت' (The bulb burned out). This applies to SIM cards, credit cards that have been deactivated, and even engines that have seized up. It implies a permanent state of failure or being 'fried.'
The Emotional Realm: Perhaps the most common use in daily conversation is the expression of pity or empathy. 'دلم برایش سوخت' (My heart burned for him/her) is the standard way to say 'I felt sorry for them.' It suggests a deep, searing empathy that hurts the observer. Conversely, it can also describe the pain of jealousy or envy, where one 'burns' seeing another's success.

هیزم‌ها در شومینه به آرامی می‌سوختند و اتاق را گرم می‌کردند.
— The firewood was burning slowly in the fireplace, warming the room.

In the realm of games and gambling, 'sukhtan' refers to losing one's turn, losing a card, or being eliminated from a round. If you are playing a card game and you go over the limit, you 'burn.' This extends to bureaucratic contexts where a ticket or a coupon might 'burn' (expire) if not used by a certain date. The richness of 'sukhtan' lies in its ability to describe any process where something is rendered useless or consumed by its own state or external pressure.

فرصت‌های طلایی من یکی پس از دیگری سوختند.
— My golden opportunities burned away (were wasted) one after another.

The Culinary Context: In the kitchen, 'سوختن' is the dread of every cook. However, Persians also have a love for 'Tahdig' (scorched rice). There is a fine line between 'برشته' (toasted/crispy) and 'سوخته' (burnt). If the rice 'می‌سوزد,' it becomes bitter and inedible. You will often hear 'بوی سوختنی می‌آید' (The smell of something burning is coming), a phrase used to alert everyone to a potential kitchen disaster.

Using 'سوختن' correctly requires a firm grasp of Persian verb conjugation and an understanding of its intransitive nature. Because the subject is the thing undergoing the action, the verb must agree with that subject in person and number. Let's explore the various tenses and contexts through detailed examples and structural breakdowns.

Present Continuous: To describe something currently on fire or in the process of being ruined, we use the present stem 'سوز' with the prefix 'می-'. For example: 'جنگل دارد می‌سوزد' (The forest is burning). The addition of 'دارد' emphasizes the ongoing nature of the event.
Simple Past: The past stem is 'سوخت'. This is used for completed actions. 'غذا سوخت' (The food burned). It is a short, punchy way to announce a result. In colloquial speech, this is often used to mean 'It's over' or 'I lost.'

اگر به خورشید خیره شوی، چشمانت می‌سوزند.
— If you stare at the sun, your eyes will burn (sting/be damaged).

One of the most frequent constructions involves the 'Dative of Interest' or the 'Ethic Dative' where the burning affects someone's heart. 'دلم برایت سوخت' (My heart burned for you). Here, 'دل' (heart) is the subject that 'burned,' and 'برایت' (for you) indicates the object of sympathy. This structure is essential for expressing empathy in Persian.

چراغ‌های شهر در تاریکی شب می‌سوختند.
— The city lights were burning (shining) in the darkness of the night.

The Future Tense: Formal future: 'خواهد سوخت'. Informal future: 'می‌سوزد'. Use this when predicting consequences. 'اگر مراقب نباشی، تمام پولت خواهد سوخت' (If you aren't careful, all your money will be wasted/burned).

'سوختن' is a word that spans the entire spectrum of Iranian life, from the high art of classical literature to the gritty realism of the bazaar. In this section, we will look at the specific environments where you are most likely to encounter this verb and its derivatives.

In the Kitchen and Home: This is the most literal environment. You'll hear 'غذا سوخت!' (The food burned!) as a cry of frustration. You'll also hear it regarding household maintenance: 'فیوز سوخته' (The fuse has blown/burned). It is an everyday word for anything that has ceased to function due to heat or electricity.
In Classical Poetry (Sufism): If you study Rumi, Hafez, or Saadi, 'سوختن' is everywhere. It represents the 'burning' of the ego in the fire of Divine Love. The famous line 'سوختم، سوختم، سوختم' (I burned, I burned, I burned) summarizes the three stages of spiritual maturity according to some interpretations: raw, cooked, and burnt.

حاصل عمرم سه سخن بیش نیست: خام بودم، پخته شدم، سوختم.
— Rumi: The result of my life is no more than three words: I was raw, I became cooked, I burned.

In modern Iranian cinema and music, 'سوختن' often appears in the context of 'نسل سوخته' (The Burnt Generation). This term refers to the generation that grew up during the Iran-Iraq war and the subsequent social upheavals, feeling that their youth and opportunities were 'burned' or wasted by circumstances beyond their control. This is a powerful, politically charged use of the word.

In the News and Media: You will hear this word in reports about forest fires ('آتش‌سوزی در جنگل') or building collapses involving fire. It is also used metaphorically in economic news when 'سرمایه مردم سوخت' (People's capital/investments were wiped out/burned) due to market crashes.

While 'سوختن' seems straightforward, its intransitive nature and metaphorical breadth create several pitfalls for English speakers. Here are the most common errors and how to avoid them.

Confusing Intransitive vs. Transitive: The biggest mistake is using 'سوختن' when you mean 'to burn something.' In English, 'burn' works both ways: 'The wood burns' and 'I burn the wood.' In Persian, 'سوختن' is ONLY for 'The wood burns.' For 'I burn the wood,' you MUST use 'سوزاندن' (suzāndan). Saying 'من نامه را سوختم' is a classic beginner mistake; it should be 'من نامه را سوزاندم.'
Misusing 'Dastam Sukht': If you touch a hot stove, you say 'دستم سوخت' (My hand burned). Some learners try to use the passive voice or complex structures, but in Persian, the body part simply becomes the subject that 'burned.' Keep it simple.

❌ غلط: من خورشید را سوختم.
✅ درست: خورشید مرا سوزاند.
— Incorrect: I burned the sun. Correct: The sun burned me (using سوزاندن).

Another mistake involves the word 'سوخت' as a noun. While 'سوختن' is the verb, 'سوخت' (without the 'an' suffix) means 'fuel' (like gasoline or wood). Beginners often confuse the past tense 'سوخت' (it burned) with the noun 'سوخت' (fuel). Context is key here. If it follows a subject like 'ماشین' (car), it might be the noun: 'سوختِ ماشین' (the car's fuel).

Overusing it for 'Spicy': While your mouth might 'burn' after a chili, don't describe the chili itself as 'سوخته' (burnt). A 'فلفل سوخته' is a pepper that has been charred in a fire, not a spicy pepper. Use 'تند' for spicy.

To truly master 'سوختن,' you should know the words that surround it in the semantic field of heat, fire, and destruction. Persian has several verbs that overlap with 'burn' but carry different nuances.

آتش گرفتن (Ātash Gereftan): Literal meaning: 'To catch fire.' Use this for the moment an object ignites. 'ساختمان آتش گرفت' (The building caught fire). While 'سوختن' describes the ongoing process or the result, 'آتش گرفتن' describes the beginning.
سوزاندن (Suzāndan): The transitive twin. Use this when there is an agent doing the burning. 'آفتاب پوستم را سوزاند' (The sun burned my skin). This is the word you need for 90% of 'I burned...' sentences.
داغ شدن (Dāgh Shodan): 'To become hot.' Sometimes English speakers say 'I'm burning up' to mean they are hot. In Persian, you would use 'داغ شدم' or 'تب دارم' (I have a fever). 'سوختن' is too extreme for just being hot.

تفاوت بین سوختن و برشته شدن در آشپزی بسیار مهم است.
— The difference between burning and browning/toasting is very important in cooking.

In emotional contexts, you might use 'آزرده شدن' (to be offended/hurt) or 'غمگین شدن' (to be saddened). However, 'دلم سوخت' remains the most visceral and common way to express sympathy. For anger, instead of 'burning with rage,' Persians might use 'از کوره در رفتن' (to fly out of the furnace), which is a beautiful fire-related idiom.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The root is shared with 'sug' (sorrow), showing the ancient linguistic link between physical burning and emotional grief in Persian culture.

Aussprachehilfe

UK suːxtæn

US suxtæn

The stress is on the last syllable: sukh-TAN.

Reimt sich auf

دوختن (dukhtan - to sew) آموزختن (amukhtan - to learn) افروختن (afrukhtan - to ignite) اندوختن (andukhtan - to accumulate) ساختن (sakhtan - though different vowel, similar rhythm) پرداختن (pardakhtan) گداختن (godakhtan) شناختن (shenakhtan)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k' (e.g., 'suktan').
Pronouncing 'u' as a short 'u' like 'but'.
Misplacing the stress on the first syllable.
Muffling the final 'n'.
Confusing the vowel 'u' with 'o'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 2/5

Easy to recognize in texts, but meanings vary by context.

Schreiben 3/5

Must remember it's intransitive and avoid confusing with 'suzandan'.

Sprechen 2/5

Very common in daily speech; idioms are easy to learn.

Hören 2/5

Clear pronunciation, but metaphors can be tricky.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

آتش (fire) گرم (hot) دل (heart) غذا (food) لامپ (lightbulb)

Als Nächstes lernen

سوزاندن (to burn something) پختن (to cook) خاموش کردن (to extinguish) روشن کردن (to turn on/ignite)

Fortgeschritten

فنا (annihilation) تجلی (manifestation) گدازه (lava) احتراق (combustion)

Wichtige Grammatik

Intransitive nature

The subject performs the action on itself (e.g., Wood burns).

Causative formation

Add '-an' to the present stem 'suz' to make 'suzandan' (to burn something).

Present Continuous

Use 'dashtan' + 'mi-' + present stem (e.g., darad misuzad).

Subjunctive Mood

Use 'be-' + present stem (e.g., be-suz-ad).

Past Participle as Adjective

The past stem + 'eh' = 'sukhteh' (burnt).

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Beispiele nach Niveau

غذا سوخت.

The food burned.

Simple past, 3rd person singular.

دستم سوخت!

My hand burned!

Subject is 'دست' (hand).

آشپزخانه می‌سوزد.

The kitchen is burning.

Present continuous.

شمع می‌سوزد.

The candle is burning.

Present continuous.

چوب در آتش سوخت.

The wood burned in the fire.

Past tense with prepositional phrase.

آیا نان سوخت؟

Did the bread burn?

Interrogative past tense.

لباسم سوخت.

My clothes burned.

Possessive 'am' attached to 'lebas'.

خورشید می‌سوزد.

The sun is burning.

Simple present/continuous.

لامپ اتاق سوخت.

The room's lightbulb burned out.

Metaphorical use for electrical failure.

دلم برای آن گربه سوخت.

I felt sorry for that cat.

Idiom for pity.

سیما در بازی سوخت.

Sima was out in the game.

Slang for losing a turn or being out.

این شیرینی‌ها زود می‌سوزند.

These sweets burn quickly.

Plural subject and verb.

موتور ماشین سوخته است.

The car engine has burned out/seized.

Present perfect tense.

پوستم در ساحل سوخت.

My skin burned at the beach.

Physical reaction to sun.

چای خیلی داغ است، زبانت می‌سوزد.

The tea is very hot; your tongue will burn.

Future/Present warning.

کاغذها در شومینه سوختند.

The papers burned in the fireplace.

Plural past tense.

بلیتم سوخت چون به قطار نرسیدم.

My ticket was wasted because I didn't reach the train.

Metaphorical for expiration/loss.

او با دیدن موفقیت من از حسادت سوخت.

He burned with envy seeing my success.

Metaphorical for jealousy.

سیم‌کارت من سوخته و کار نمی‌کند.

My SIM card is 'burnt' (deactivated) and doesn't work.

Technical failure.

تمام آرزوهایش در یک لحظه سوخت.

All his dreams burned in a single moment.

Abstract subject 'dreams'.

بوی سوختنی از طبقه بالا می‌آید.

A burning smell is coming from upstairs.

'Sukhtani' is a gerund/noun here.

اگر فیوز بسوزد، برق قطع می‌شود.

If the fuse burns, the power will be cut.

Conditional type 1.

او دل‌سوخته‌ی عشق است.

He is heartbroken by love.

Compound adjective 'del-sukhteh'.

جنگل‌ها به خاطر گرمای زیاد می‌سوزند.

The forests are burning because of the intense heat.

Causal sentence.

سرمایه‌اش در بازار بورس سوخت.

His capital burned (was lost) in the stock market.

Financial metaphor.

چراغ‌های رابطه به سرعت سوختند.

The lights of the relationship burned out quickly.

Literary metaphor.

او از شدت تب می‌سوخت.

He was burning with a high fever.

Describing physical illness.

نامه‌های قدیمی در حیاط می‌سوختند و خاکستر می‌شدند.

Old letters were burning in the yard and turning into ash.

Descriptive past continuous.

این نسل، نسل سوخته است.

This generation is the 'burnt generation'.

Sociopolitical term.

اگر احتیاط نکنی، اعتبار چندین ساله‌ات خواهد سوخت.

If you are not cautious, your years of credibility will be burned (ruined).

Future tense with abstract concept.

چشمانش از دود سیگار می‌سوخت.

His eyes were burning from the cigarette smoke.

Physical irritation.

او در آتش خشم خود می‌سوخت.

He was burning in the fire of his own rage.

Psychological metaphor.

پروانه گرد شمع سوخت و فدا شد.

The moth burned around the candle and was sacrificed.

Classical poetic motif.

در این معامله، هم سیخ سوخت و هم کباب.

In this deal, both the skewer and the kebab burned (everything was lost).

Idiomatic expression for total loss.

عشق چون آتشی است که در جان می‌سوزد.

Love is like a fire that burns in the soul.

Philosophical/Mystical usage.

حقوق کارگران در زیر چرخ‌های صنعت سوخت.

Workers' rights were burned (crushed/lost) under the wheels of industry.

Sociopolitical metaphor.

او با صبر و شکیبایی در بوته‌ی آزمایش سوخت و ساخته شد.

Through patience, he burned in the crucible of testing and was formed.

Metaphor for character building.

خاطرات تلخ گذشته چون ذغالی گداخته در سینه می‌سوختند.

Bitter memories of the past burned like glowing coals in the chest.

Simile and metaphor.

فرصت‌های استثنایی به دلیل بروکراسی اداری سوختند.

Exceptional opportunities were burned (wasted) due to administrative bureaucracy.

Formal/Professional context.

او در طلب حقیقت، تمام پل‌های پشت سرش را سوخت.

In search of truth, he burned all the bridges behind him.

Idiom for 'burning bridges'.

من میان دو آتش می‌سوختم: وفاداری به خانواده یا عشق به وطن.

I was burning between two fires: loyalty to family or love for country.

Complex emotional dilemma.

عارف در تجلی جمال الهی سوخت و به فنا رسید.

The mystic burned in the manifestation of Divine Beauty and reached annihilation.

Sufi terminology (Fana).

کلمات در کامم می‌سوختند و یارای بیان نداشتند.

Words were burning in my mouth and I lacked the power to express them.

High literary style.

او عمری را در راه اعتلای هنر سوخت.

He burned a lifetime (spent it with intense passion/sacrifice) for the elevation of art.

Metaphor for lifelong dedication.

در این وانفسا، تر و خشک با هم می‌سوزند.

In this crisis, the wet and the dry burn together (the innocent suffer with the guilty).

Famous proverb.

اندیشه‌اش در کوره نقد سوخت و صیقل یافت.

His thought burned in the furnace of criticism and became polished.

Abstract intellectual metaphor.

او چون شمعی در جمع می‌سوخت و به دیگران نور می‌بخشید.

He burned like a candle in the gathering, giving light to others.

Altruistic metaphor.

حقیقت در لابلای دروغ‌های مصلحتی سوخت و نابود شد.

Truth burned and was destroyed amidst convenient lies.

Ethical/Philosophical critique.

Häufige Kollokationen

دل سوختن

لامپ سوختن

غذا سوختن

در آتش سوختن

فرصت سوختن

پوست سوختن

موتور سوختن

بلیت سوختن

زبان سوختن

نسل سوخته

Häufige Phrasen

بوی سوختنی

— The smell of something burning.

بوی سوختنی می‌آید.

سوخت و سوز ندارد

— It is certain; it will definitely happen (literally: it has no burning or charring).

حرف من سوخت و سوز ندارد.

دل‌سوخته

— Someone who is heartbroken or deeply sympathetic.

او یک عاشق دل‌سوخته است.

سوختن و ساختن

— To grin and bear it; to endure a difficult situation without complaining.

او با مشکلات زندگی سوخت و ساخت.

آش نخورده و دهان سوخته

— To be punished for something you didn't do.

این ماجرا برای من شد آش نخورده و دهان سوخته.

از حسادت سوختن

— To be extremely jealous.

او از حسادت سوخت.

تر و خشک با هم سوختن

— The innocent being punished along with the guilty.

در این جنگ، تر و خشک با هم سوختند.

دود از کنده بلند می‌شود

— Experience matters (literally: smoke comes from the old log - related to burning).

نگران نباش، دود از کنده بلند می‌شود.

آتش به جان کسی افتادن

— To be in great distress or passion.

آتش به جانش افتاد.

دودش به چشم خودش رفت

— He suffered the consequences of his own actions.

بالاخره دودش به چشم خودش رفت.

Wird oft verwechselt mit

سوختن vs سوزاندن

This is transitive (to burn something), while 'sukhtan' is intransitive (to burn).

سوختن vs ساختن

Sounds similar, but means 'to build' or 'to make'. Often used together in the idiom 'sukhtan o sakhtan'.

سوختن vs دوختن

Sounds similar, but means 'to sew'.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"دلم برایش کباب شد"

— I felt extremely sorry for him (stronger than 'delam sukht').

وقتی بچه‌ی یتیم را دیدم، دلم برایش کباب شد.

Informal

"بسووزد پدر عاشقی"

— Damn the pain of love (a common exclamation).

بسووزد پدر عاشقی که مرا پیر کرد.

Colloquial

"آتش گرفتن"

— To become very angry suddenly.

وقتی خبر را شنید، آتش گرفت.

Neutral

"دود شدن و هوا رفتن"

— To vanish completely (like money or dreams).

تمام پول‌هایم دود شد و هوا رفت.

Informal

"با دم شیر بازی کردن"

— To play with fire (danger).

با او درنیفت، داری با دم شیر بازی می‌کنی.

Neutral

"آتش بیار معرکه"

— Someone who fans the flames of a conflict.

او همیشه آتش بیار معرکه است.

Neutral

"پته کسی را روی آب ریختن"

— To expose someone (often leads to them 'burning').

پته‌اش را روی آب ریختم.

Informal

"دماغ کسی سوختن"

— To be humiliated or proven wrong.

وقتی باخت، دماغش سوخت.

Slang

"آتش زیر خاکستر"

— A hidden danger or lingering resentment.

این آرامش، آتش زیر خاکستر است.

Literary

"به آتش کشیدن"

— To set everything on fire (literally or figuratively).

او با سخنرانی‌اش شهر را به آتش کشید.

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

سوختن vs پختن

Both happen in the kitchen.

'Pokhtan' is positive (cooking), 'Sukhtan' is negative (burning).

من غذا را پختم، اما برنج سوخت.

سوختن vs داغ

Both relate to heat.

'Dagh' is an adjective (hot), 'Sukhtan' is a verb (to burn).

چای داغ است، زبانم سوخت.

سوختن vs آتش

Related concepts.

'Atash' is the noun (fire), 'Sukhtan' is the action (burning).

آتش باعث شد خانه بسوزد.

سوختن vs سوزش

Same root.

'Suzesh' is the noun for the stinging sensation.

در چشمم احساس سوزش دارم.

سوختن vs سوخت

Identical spelling to past tense.

Can be a noun meaning 'fuel'.

سوختِ هواپیما تمام شد.

Satzmuster

[Subject] + سوخت.

غذا سوخت.

دلم برای + [Noun] + سوخت.

دلم برای علی سوخت.

[Subject] + دارد می‌سوزد.

جنگل دارد می‌سوزد.

[Subject] + سوخته است.

لامپ سوخته است.

اگر [Condition]، [Subject] می‌سوزد.

اگر نروی، بلیتت می‌سوزد.

[Subject] در آتش [Emotion] سوخت.

او در آتش حسادت سوخت.

تر و خشک با هم [Verb].

تر و خشک با هم می‌سوزند.

[Subject] چون شمع سوخت.

او چون شمع سوخت و نور داد.

Wortfamilie

Substantive

سوخت (fuel)

سوختگی (burn/scald)

سوزش (burning sensation/sting)

آتش‌سوزی (fire/conflagration)

سوخت‌وساز (metabolism)

Verben

سوزاندن (to burn something - transitive)

سوزش داشتن (to have a stinging sensation)

آتش گرفتن (to catch fire)

Adjektive

سوخته (burnt)

سوزان (burning/scorching)

دل‌سوخته (heartbroken)

سوختنی (combustible)

Verwandt

آتش (fire)

دود (smoke)

خاکستر (ash)

شعله (flame)

هیزم (firewood)

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Extremely high in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Häufige Fehler

من نامه را سوختم. → من نامه را سوزاندم.
You cannot 'sukhtan' an object because the verb is intransitive. You must use 'suzandan'.
این فلفل خیلی سوخته است. → این فلفل خیلی تند است.
Don't use 'sukhteh' for 'spicy'. Use 'tond'.
من سوختم (meaning I'm hot). → من گرمم است.
'Sookhtam' means you are actually on fire or have a burn, not just feeling warm.
لامپ خاموش شد (meaning it burned out). → لامپ سوخت.
'Khamoush shod' just means it was turned off. 'Sukht' means it is broken.
استفاده از 'سوخت' به جای 'سوزاند'. → او کاغذ را سوزاند.
Confusing the past tense of the intransitive and transitive verbs.

Tipps

Subject-Verb Agreement

Make sure the verb matches the thing that is burning. If it's plural (like eyes), use 'misuzand'.

The Transitive Twin

Always learn 'sukhtan' and 'suzandan' together. It will save you from common sentence structure errors.

Empathy is Key

Using 'delam sukht' makes you sound very natural and empathetic in Persian conversations.

The 'KH' Sound

Practice the 'kh' sound at the back of your throat. It's the same sound as in 'Khan' or 'Khayyam'.

Game Over

Use 'Sookhti!' next time you play a game with Persian friends to impress them with your slang.

Adjective Use

'Sukhteh' is a very useful adjective. Use it for burnt toast, burnt electronics, or even 'burnt' opportunities.

Context Matters

If you hear 'sukht' at a gas station, they are talking about fuel. If you hear it in a kitchen, they are talking about a disaster!

Body Sensations

Use 'misuzad' for any stinging sensation, like soap in your eyes or a paper cut.

Rhyme Time

Remember 'sukhtan' (burn) and 'dukhtan' (sew). You burn the clothes you can't sew!

Bureaucracy

Remember that tickets, coupons, and time can 'burn' (be wasted/expire) in Persian.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Imagine a 'SOUP' that is so 'HOT' that it 'TANs' (burns) your tongue. SOUP + TAN = SUKHTAN.

Visuelle Assoziation

Visualize a lightbulb (لامپ) turning black and smoking. The word for this failure is 'sukhtan'.

Word Web

Fire Empathy Failure Loss Lightbulb Heart Cooking Game Over

Herausforderung

Try to use 'sukhtan' in three different ways today: once for something physical, once for an electronic, and once for a feeling of pity.

Wortherkunft

Derived from the Middle Persian 'sōxtan', which comes from the Old Persian root 'sauk-' (to burn).

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To be on fire, to glow, or to be bright.

Indo-European (cognate with Latin 'sucinus' - amber, related to burning/glowing).

Kultureller Kontext

Be careful using 'delam barat misooze' (I feel sorry for you) as it can sometimes sound patronizing depending on the tone.

English speakers use 'burn' for spicy food, but Persians usually use 'tond' (sharp/spicy).

Rumi's 'Kham budam, pokhte shodam, sukhtam' (I was raw, I became cooked, I burned). The movie 'Nasle Sukhteh' (The Burnt Generation) by Rasoul Mollagholipour. The common phrase 'Delam barat misooze' (I feel sorry for you) which is used daily.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Kitchen

غذا سوخت
بوی سوختنی می‌آید
ته‌دیگ سوخته
زبانم سوخت

Electronics

لامپ سوخت
موتور یخچال سوخته
سیم‌کارت سوخت
فیوز پرید/سوخت

Social/Emotional

دلم سوخت
نسل سوخته
دل‌سوخته
از حسادت سوختن

Games

سوختی!
بلیتت سوخت
فرصتت سوخت
کارتت سوخت

Nature

جنگل می‌سوزد
خورشید می‌سوزد
زمین سوخته
آتش‌سوزی

Gesprächseinstiege

"آیا تا به حال دلت برای کسی سوخته است؟ (Have you ever felt sorry for someone?)"

"بهترین راه برای اینکه برنج نسوزد چیست؟ (What is the best way to keep rice from burning?)"

"آیا در کشور شما هم اصطلاح 'نسل سوخته' وجود دارد؟ (Is there a 'burnt generation' term in your country?)"

"اگر لامپ اتاق بسوزد، خودت آن را عوض می‌کنی؟ (If the room bulb burns out, do you change it yourself?)"

"آخرین باری که در یک بازی سوختی کی بود؟ (When was the last time you 'burned' / were out in a game?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

درباره زمانی بنویسید که دلتان برای کسی سوخت. (Write about a time you felt sorry for someone.)

توصیف کنید که وقتی بوی سوختنی در خانه می‌آید چه حسی دارید. (Describe your feeling when you smell something burning at home.)

آیا فکر می‌کنید نسل شما یک 'نسل سوخته' است؟ چرا؟ (Do you think your generation is a 'burnt generation'? Why?)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره شمعی که تا آخر سوخت بنویسید. (Write a short story about a candle that burned to the end.)

اهمیت آتش و سوختن در فرهنگ خود را با فرهنگ ایران مقایسه کنید. (Compare the importance of fire/burning in your culture vs. Iran.)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

It is strictly intransitive. You use it when the subject is the thing being burned (e.g., 'The wood burns'). To say 'I burn the wood,' you must use the transitive verb 'suzandan'.

You say 'Delam barayat misuzad' (Present) or 'Delam barayat sukht' (Past). It literally means 'My heart burns/burned for you'.

It means 'You're out!' or 'You lost!' It's commonly used in children's games when someone is tagged or makes a mistake.

You can say 'Dahan-am sukht' (My mouth burned) after eating something spicy, but you wouldn't call the food 'sukhteh' unless it was literally charred in the fire.

The 'Burnt Generation' (Nasle Sukhteh) refers to Iranians who grew up during the 1980s, facing the hardships of war and social restrictions, feeling their youth was wasted.

You say 'Lamp sukhteh ast' or simply 'Lamp sukht'.

'Atash gereftan' means to catch fire (the start), while 'sukhtan' refers to the process of being consumed or the end result of being damaged by fire.

Yes, extensively. It often represents the lover's soul being consumed by the fire of divine or romantic love.

It is an idiom meaning 'to endure and tolerate.' It literally means 'to burn and to build/make,' implying one stays in a difficult situation and adapts.

Yes, 'sukht' as a noun means fuel. 'Kambude sukht' means fuel shortage.

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