طلوع کردن
طلوع کردن in 30 Sekunden
- Means 'to rise' (specifically for the sun).
- A compound verb: Tolu (rising) + Kardan (to do).
- Used literally for astronomy and metaphorically for hope.
- The opposite is 'Ghorub Kardan' (to set).
The Persian compound verb طلوع کردن (tolu' kardan) is a fundamental expression used to describe the astronomical event of a celestial body, most notably the sun, appearing above the horizon. While its primary application is literal, referring to the sunrise, it carries a profound weight in Persian culture, literature, and daily conversation. The word طلوع is derived from the Arabic root (ط-ل-ع), which relates to appearing or ascending. In Persian, when combined with the auxiliary verb کردن (to do/make), it functions as an intransitive verb. This means it does not take a direct object; the sun simply 'does' the rising. Understanding this verb is essential for anyone moving beyond basic Persian, as it anchors discussions about time, nature, and even hope.
- Literal Application
- In everyday language, you will hear this most frequently when people discuss the weather or early morning plans. If you are planning a hike in the Alborz mountains or a trip to the deserts of Yazd, you might ask, 'What time does the sun rise?' (خورشید چه ساعتی طلوع میکند؟). It is the standard technical and common term for this event.
- Metaphorical Resonance
- Beyond the physical sun, طلوع کردن is used to describe the beginning of a new era, the emergence of a great leader, or the onset of a feeling like hope. For instance, 'Hope rose in his heart' (امید در دلش طلوع کرد). This usage elevates the word from a mere weather term to a poetic device used by giants like Hafez and Rumi.
- Grammatical Structure
- As a compound verb, the conjugation happens entirely on the کردن part. The noun طلوع remains static. For example, in the past tense, it becomes طلوع کرد, and in the present continuous, it is دارد طلوع میکند. It is important for learners to realize that unlike English where 'rise' can apply to prices or people standing up, طلوع کردن is strictly for celestial bodies or metaphorical 'appearances' of light and hope.
خورشید هر روز صبح از پشت کوههای بلند طلوع میکند و زمین را روشن میسازد.
In summary, طلوع کردن is more than just a verb; it is a symbol of renewal. Whether you are reading a scientific report about the solar system or a classical poem about the beloved's face appearing like the sun, this verb is your gateway to understanding how Persians perceive the light. It contrasts sharply with غروب کردن (to set), creating a linguistic duality of beginning and ending that is central to the Persian worldview.
Using طلوع کردن correctly requires an understanding of its role as an intransitive compound verb. Because it describes a natural phenomenon, the subject is almost always a celestial body like the sun (خورشید), the moon (ماه), or stars (ستارگان). However, its metaphorical use allows for subjects like 'dawn' or 'freedom'. Let us explore the various tenses and contexts where this verb shines.
- Present Simple/Habitual
- To describe a general truth, we use the present stem of کردن which is کن. Adding the prefix می- and the third-person singular ending -د, we get میکند.
خورشید از شرق طلوع میکند. (The sun rises from the east.) - Past Simple
- For a specific event that happened in the past, use the past stem کرد.
امروز خورشید ساعت پنج طلوع کرد. (Today the sun rose at five o'clock.) - Future Tense
- In formal or poetic contexts, the future is formed with خواهـ.
فردا آفتاب ساعت شش طلوع خواهد کرد. (Tomorrow the sun will rise at six o'clock.)
هنگامی که ستارهی صبح طلوع کرد، ما سفر خود را آغاز کردیم.
When using this verb in a sentence, you often include a prepositional phrase indicating the source or direction. Use از (from) to indicate where the sun is coming from, such as از پشت افق (from behind the horizon) or از میان ابرها (from among the clouds). This adds descriptive depth to your Persian writing and speaking.
The verb طلوع کردن is ubiquitous in Iranian life, spanning from the most mundane weather reports to the heights of classical literature. If you are in Tehran and turn on the television news, specifically the segment for 'times for prayers' (اوقات شرعی), you will inevitably hear the word طلوع used as a noun, but the verb is used in the discussions surrounding it. Here is where you will encounter it most often:
- 1
Weather Forecasts: Meteorologists use it to provide precise times for sunrise. You might hear: 'The sun will rise at 7:12 AM' (خورشید در ساعت هفت و دوازده دقیقه طلوع میکند).
- 2
Literature and Poetry: Iran is a land of poets. In the works of Saadi or Hafez, the 'rising' of the sun is often a metaphor for the appearance of the beloved's face or the end of a dark night of sorrow. In modern lyrics, songwriters use طلوع کردن to signal a new beginning after a breakup or a period of struggle.
- 3
Religious Context: Since Islamic daily prayers are timed according to the sun, the moments before and during sunrise are significant. While the specific prayer time is called طلوع آفتاب (Sunrise), people use the verb to discuss the window of time they have to perform the morning prayer (نماز صبح).
در اخبار اعلام کردند که فردا خورشید کمی دیرتر طلوع میکند.
Whether you are listening to a podcast about astronomy or chatting with a shopkeeper early in the morning, طلوع کردن is the standard, respectful, and accurate way to talk about the beginning of the day's light. It is a word that bridges the gap between the scientific and the spiritual in the Persian-speaking world.
For English speakers learning Persian, طلوع کردن presents a few specific challenges. These mistakes usually stem from the broad meaning of the English word 'rise' or from the complexities of Persian compound verbs. Avoiding these errors will make your Persian sound much more natural and precise.
- Mistake 1: Confusing 'Rise' with 'Stand Up'
- In English, you can 'rise' from a chair. In Persian, you never use طلوع کردن for people. If a person stands up, you use بلند شدن (boland shodan) or برخاستن (barkhāstan). Using طلوع کردن for a person would imply they are a celestial body or a divine light, which might sound unintentionally hilarious or overly poetic.
- Mistake 2: Confusing 'Rise' with 'Increase'
- If prices or temperatures 'rise', do not use طلوع کردن. Instead, use بالا رفتن (bālā raftan) or افزایش یافتن (afzāyesh yāftan). For example, 'Prices rose' is قیمتها بالا رفت, not قیمتها طلوع کرد.
- Mistake 3: Misplacing the 'Mi-' Prefix
- In compound verbs, the می- prefix must go on the auxiliary verb (کردن), not the noun. Some learners mistakenly say میطلوع کردن. The correct form is طلوع میکند.
اشتباه: من ساعت شش طلوع کردم. (I rose/stood up at six.)
درست: من ساعت شش بلند شدم.
Finally, be careful with the spelling of طلوع. It ends with the letter عین (ayn). While it might be silent or sound like a slight catch in the throat depending on the dialect, forgetting it in writing is a common orthographic error. Practice writing the 'ayn' clearly to distinguish it from words ending in 'u'.
While طلوع کردن is the most standard term for the sun rising, Persian is a language rich with synonyms that vary based on register, tone, and context. Knowing these alternatives will help you understand literature and speak more colorfully.
- بالا آمدن (Bālā Āmadan)
- This is a more informal and literal way to say 'to come up'. You might hear this in casual conversation: خورشید بالا اومد (The sun came up). It is less formal than طلوع کردن but very common in spoken Persian.
- دمیدن (Damidan)
- This is a highly poetic and literary verb. It literally means 'to blow' or 'to breathe', but when used with صبح (morning) or خورشید, it implies the sun 'breathing' light into the world.
چون صبح بدمید... (When the morning dawned/breathed...). - پدیدار شدن (Padidār Shodan)
- Meaning 'to become visible' or 'to appear', this can be used for the sun when it breaks through thick clouds. It focuses on the act of becoming visible rather than the upward motion.
مقایسه:
۱. خورشید طلوع کرد (استاندارد)
۲. خورشید بالا آمد (عاميانه)
۳. سپیده دمید (ادبی)
It is also useful to know the opposite: غروب کردن (ghorub kardan). Most celestial discussions involve both terms. For example: خورشید از شرق طلوع و در غرب غروب میکند (The sun rises from the east and sets in the west). Mastering this pair is a key milestone for B1 learners.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The word 'Tolu' is also a common male name in some cultures, though in Persian it is primarily a noun or part of a verb. The root is also related to the word 'Tali'a' (vanguard/scout), someone who 'appears' first.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing the 'ayn' too harshly.
- Putting the stress on 'to' instead of 'lu'.
- Neglecting the 'r' in kardan.
- Confusing the 'u' sound with 'o'.
- Adding a vowel between 'k' and 'r' in kardan.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
The word is visually distinct due to the 'ayn'.
The 'ayn' and the compound nature require practice.
The glottal catch of 'ayn' can be tricky for beginners.
The word is very common and usually clear in speech.
Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest
Voraussetzungen
Als Nächstes lernen
Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Compound Verb Conjugation
Only 'kardan' changes: طلوع میکنم، طلوع کردی، طلوع کرد.
Subjunctive with 'Ghabl az inke'
قبل از اینکه خورشید طلوع کند...
Preposition 'Az' for Direction
خورشید از شرق طلوع میکند.
Future Tense with 'Khāhad'
فردا طلوع خواهد کرد.
Infinitive as Noun
طلوع کردن خورشید زیباست.
Beispiele nach Niveau
خورشید طلوع میکند.
The sun rises.
Present simple third person singular.
ساعت چند خورشید طلوع میکند؟
What time does the sun rise?
Question form using 'sa'at chand'.
طلوع خورشید زیبا است.
The sunrise is beautiful.
Using 'tolu' as a noun here.
من طلوع را دوست دارم.
I like the sunrise.
Direct object 'tolu' with 'dust dāram'.
خورشید از کوه طلوع میکند.
The sun rises from the mountain.
Preposition 'az' indicates origin.
صبح شد، خورشید طلوع کرد.
It became morning, the sun rose.
Past simple 'kard'.
ما طلوع را میبینیم.
We see the sunrise.
Present continuous of 'didar'.
خورشید زرد طلوع میکند.
The yellow sun rises.
Adjective-noun agreement.
دیروز خورشید ساعت ۶ طلوع کرد.
Yesterday the sun rose at 6.
Past tense with time marker.
فردا خورشید زودتر طلوع میکند.
Tomorrow the sun rises earlier.
Adverb 'zudtar' (earlier).
من هیچوقت طلوع را ندیدم.
I have never seen the sunrise.
Negative past perfect/simple.
او میخواست طلوع خورشید را ببیند.
He wanted to see the sunrise.
Modal 'khāstan' with subjunctive.
وقتی خورشید طلوع کرد، بیدار شدم.
When the sun rose, I woke up.
Temporal clause with 'vaghti'.
خورشید در دریا طلوع کرد.
The sun rose in the sea.
Preposition 'dar' for location.
آیا امروز خورشید طلوع کرده است؟
Has the sun risen today?
Present perfect tense.
خورشید از پشت ابرها طلوع کرد.
The sun rose from behind the clouds.
Compound preposition 'az posht-e'.
قبل از اینکه خورشید طلوع کند، ما حرکت کردیم.
Before the sun rose, we moved (set off).
Subjunctive after 'ghabl az inke'.
امید در دل او طلوع کرد.
Hope rose in his heart.
Metaphorical usage.
ما منتظر ماندیم تا خورشید طلوع کند.
We waited until the sun rose.
Subjunctive after 'tā'.
خورشید از افق طلوع میکند و همه جا را روشن میکند.
The sun rises from the horizon and brightens everywhere.
Two parallel present tense verbs.
در این فصل، خورشید خیلی دیر طلوع میکند.
In this season, the sun rises very late.
Adverbial phrase 'dar in fasl'.
او همیشه از دیدن طلوع خورشید لذت میبرد.
He always enjoys seeing the sunrise.
Gerund-like use of 'didan'.
خورشید در حال طلوع کردن بود که به مقصد رسیدیم.
The sun was rising when we reached the destination.
Past continuous tense.
آیا میدانید خورشید دقیقاً چه زمانی طلوع میکند؟
Do you know exactly what time the sun rises?
Indirect question.
با طلوع کردن خورشید، پرندگان شروع به آواز خواندن کردند.
With the sun rising, the birds began to sing.
Prepositional phrase with infinitive.
ستارهی بخت او دوباره طلوع کرد.
The star of his fortune rose again.
Idiomatic/Metaphorical usage.
دانشمندان لحظهی طلوع خورشید را محاسبه کردند.
Scientists calculated the moment of sunrise.
Scientific context.
خورشید از میان مه غلیظ طلوع کرد.
The sun rose from among the thick fog.
Complex prepositional phrase.
طلوع کردن خورشید در کویر تجربهای بینظیر است.
The sun rising in the desert is a unique experience.
Infinitive as a subject.
او پیشبینی کرد که خورشید فردا در ساعت مشخصی طلوع خواهد کرد.
He predicted that the sun will rise at a specific time tomorrow.
Reported speech with future tense.
هرگز اجازه نده که خورشید قبل از تو طلوع کند.
Never let the sun rise before you.
Imperative and metaphorical advice.
خورشید در این منطقه به دلیل کوهستانی بودن، دیرتر طلوع میکند.
The sun rises later in this region due to being mountainous.
Causal clause with 'be dalil-e'.
در اشعار حافظ، طلوع خورشید نمادی از تجلی الهی است.
In Hafez's poems, the sunrise is a symbol of divine manifestation.
Literary analysis context.
خورشید معرفت در دل عارف طلوع کرد.
The sun of gnosis rose in the mystic's heart.
Sufi/Philosophical terminology.
پس از سالها تاریکی، سرانجام خورشید آزادی طلوع کرد.
After years of darkness, finally the sun of freedom rose.
Historical/Political metaphor.
او به تماشای طلوع خورشید نشست تا افکارش را متمرکز کند.
He sat to watch the sunrise to focus his thoughts.
Purpose clause with 'tā'.
طلوع کردن آفتاب بر فراز قلهی دماوند منظرهای شکوهمند است.
The sun rising over the peak of Damavand is a glorious sight.
Formal descriptive language.
تمدنی جدید در این سرزمین طلوع کرده است.
A new civilization has dawned/risen in this land.
Abstract usage of the verb.
نور حقیقت از پسِ پردههای جهل طلوع خواهد کرد.
The light of truth will rise from behind the curtains of ignorance.
Poetic future tense.
گویی خورشید با لبخندی بر لب طلوع میکرد.
It was as if the sun was rising with a smile on its lips.
Simile using 'guyi'.
پارادایمهای علمی جدیدی در افق دانش طلوع کردهاند.
New scientific paradigms have dawned on the horizon of knowledge.
Academic/Scientific metaphor.
طلوع کردن خورشید در قطب شمال پدیدهای منحصربهفرد است.
The sun rising in the North Pole is a unique phenomenon.
Technical geographic context.
نویسنده با ظرافت، طلوع خورشید را به بیداری وجدان تشبیه کرده است.
The author delicately likened the sunrise to the awakening of conscience.
Literary criticism.
در فلسفهی اشراق، طلوع نور مادی و معنوی با هم پیوند دارند.
In Illuminationist philosophy, the rising of material and spiritual light are linked.
Specialized philosophical terminology.
خورشید با شکوهی وصفناپذیر از بطن شب طلوع کرد.
The sun rose with indescribable glory from the womb of the night.
Highly formal/Poetic register.
هر طلوعی، نویدبخشِ پایانی بر یک شامِ تار است.
Every sunrise is the herald of an end to a dark evening.
Aphoristic style.
محاسبات نجومی برای تعیین دقیق لحظهی طلوع کردن خورشید بسیار پیچیده است.
Astronomical calculations to determine the exact moment of sunrise are very complex.
Technical scientific register.
در آستانهی تحولی بزرگ، خورشیدِ امیدی نو طلوع کرده است.
On the threshold of a great change, a sun of new hope has risen.
Formal rhetorical style.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— Sunrise is near; often used to mean better days are coming.
ناامید نباش، طلوع نزدیک است.
— The rising of the true dawn (a religious/poetic term).
با طلوع صبح صادق، نماز خواند.
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Used for people standing up or getting out of bed.
Used for prices, temperatures, or physically climbing something.
Used for waking up from sleep.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— His/her sun rose; meaning they became successful or lucky.
بالاخره بعد از سالها، خورشیدش طلوع کرد.
Informal/Metaphorical— To find a new beginning; to be reborn.
او در زندگیاش طلوعی دوباره یافت.
Literary— To rise from the west; used to describe something impossible or a sign of the end times.
مگر خورشید از مغرب طلوع کرده که تو مهربان شدی؟
Sarcastic/Religious— Waiting for the dawn; waiting for a difficult situation to end.
ملت در انتظار طلوع آزادی بود.
Political— A sunrise with no sunset; eternal success or life.
یاد او طلوعی بیغروب در قلب ماست.
Poetic/Eulogy— The sun of truth will rise; the truth will eventually be revealed.
نگران نباش، خورشید حقیقت طلوع خواهد کرد.
Philosophical— From sunrise to the next dawn; usually used to describe a long period of work or wakefulness.
او از طلوع تا به سحر بیدار بود.
Informal— The star of his luck rose.
با این قرارداد، ستارهی اقبالش طلوع کرد.
Literary— Sunrise at midnight; something very unexpected and bright.
دیدن تو مثل طلوع در نیمهشب بود.
RomanticLeicht verwechselbar
Sounds similar (Shoru' vs Tolu').
Shoru' means to start an activity; Tolu' is specifically for the sun/moon.
من کار را شروع کردم. (I started the work.)
Has the same meaning 'to rise'.
Bala amadan is more informal and physical; Tol
Satzmuster
[Subject] [Verb].
خورشید طلوع میکند.
[Subject] [Time] [Verb].
خورشید ساعت ۶ طلوع کرد.
قبل از اینکه [Subject] [Subjunctive Verb]...
قبل از اینکه خورشید طلوع کند، بیدار شدم.
[Subject] از [Place] [Verb].
خورشید از پشت کوه طلوع کرد.
با [Infinitive], [Clause].
با طلوع کردن خورشید، هوا گرم شد.
[Subject] نمادی از [Noun] است.
طلوع خورشید نمادی از امید است.
[Metaphorical Subject] در [Place] [Verb].
خورشیدِ معرفت در دلش طلوع کرد.
گویی [Clause] [Verb].
گویی خورشید با لبخند طلوع میکرد.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
Very high in both written and spoken Persian.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Think of 'Tolu' as 'To-Look'. You wait for the sun 'To-Look' over the mountain. When it does, it 'Tolu's.
Visuelle Assoziation
Imagine a large, glowing letter 'T' rising slowly over a dark blue horizon line.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to use 'طلوع کردن' in a sentence about your favorite place to watch the sun rise.
Wortherkunft
Derived from the Arabic noun 'طلوع' (tulū'), which comes from the root T-L-A (ط-ل-ع).
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The act of appearing, ascending, or emerging.
Semitic root (Arabic) integrated into Indo-European (Persian) verbal system.Kultureller Kontext
Generally a very positive and safe word. No specific sensitivities.
English speakers often use 'rise' for many things (prices, people, sun). Persian is much more specific.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Weather
- ساعت طلوع
- طلوع آفتاب
- آسمان صاف
Travel
- تماشای طلوع
- حرکت قبل از طلوع
- کمپینگ
Poetry
- طلوع امید
- خورشید روی تو
- دمیدن صبح
Religion
- وقت نماز
- طلوع فجر
- اذان صبح
History
- طلوع تمدن
- عصر جدید
- آغاز راه
Gesprächseinstiege
"آیا دوست داری طلوع خورشید را تماشا کنی؟"
"امروز خورشید چه ساعتی طلوع کرد؟"
"بهترین جا برای دیدن طلوع در این شهر کجاست؟"
"آیا تا به حال قبل از طلوع خورشید به کوه رفتهای؟"
"طلوع خورشید در کشور شما چطور است؟"
Tagebuch-Impulse
امروز صبح وقتی خورشید طلوع کرد، چه احساسی داشتی؟
زیباترین طلوعی که تا به حال دیدهای را توصیف کن.
اگر زندگی یک طلوع باشد، اکنون در کدام مرحله هستی؟
چرا طلوع خورشید در ادبیات نماد امید است؟
تفاوت بین طلوع در شهر و طلوع در طبیعت چیست؟
Summary
Use 'طلوع کردن' specifically for the sun or moon rising. Do not use it for people standing up or prices increasing. Example: 'Khorshid tolu' mikonad' (The sun rises).
- Means 'to rise' (specifically for the sun).
- A compound verb: Tolu (rising) + Kardan (to do).
- Used literally for astronomy and metaphorically for hope.
- The opposite is 'Ghorub Kardan' (to set).
Beispiel
خورشید در شرق طلوع میکند.
Verwandte Inhalte
Mehr nature Wörter
عامل
B1Ein Element, ein Umstand oder ein Einfluss, der zu einem Ergebnis beiträgt.
عقاب
B1Ein großer Greifvogel mit einem massiven Hakenschnabel und scharfem Sehvermögen. Der Adler wird oft als König der Lüfte bezeichnet.
علف
A1Gras oder Futter. Zum Beispiel: 'Das Gras ist grün' (علف سبز است).
عنکبوت
A2An eight-legged arachnid that spins webs.
آب و هوا
A1Das Wetter bezeichnet die atmosphärischen Bedingungen an einem Ort und zu einer Zeit; Wetter. Das Wetter ist heute schön.
آب و خاک
B1Wasser und Boden sind entscheidend für die Landwirtschaft.
آببند
B1Ein niedriger Damm, der in einem Fluss gebaut wird, um den Wasserstand anzuheben. (A low dam built across a river to raise the water level.)
آبخیز
B1Watershed; an area or ridge of land that separates waters flowing to different rivers, basins, or seas.
ابر
A1Wolke. Eine sichtbare Masse aus kondensiertem Wasserdampf, die in der Atmosphäre schwebt.
ابری
A2Covered with clouds; overcast.