डराना in 30 Sekunden
- To scare or frighten someone.
- Active verb: You cause fear in others.
- Opposite of 'to be scared' (डरना).
- Used in playful, serious, or threatening contexts.
The Hindi verb "डराना" (darana) translates directly to 'to scare', 'to frighten', or 'to cause fear' in English. It's a versatile word used in various situations where one person or thing instills fear or apprehension in another. This can range from playful teasing to serious threats. The root of the word is "डर" (dar), which means 'fear'. So, "डराना" literally means 'to cause fear'.
You'll hear "डराना" used in everyday conversations, in stories, movies, and even in more formal contexts when discussing security or potential dangers. For instance, a parent might tell a child not to make scary faces to 'डराना' (scare) them. In a more serious context, a news report might talk about how certain actions are being taken to 'डराना' (intimidate) potential criminals. It's a fundamental verb for expressing the act of making someone feel afraid.
Consider the context of a child playing hide-and-seek. One child might jump out from behind a corner to 'डराना' (scare) their friend. This is a lighthearted use. On the other hand, a bully might try to 'डराना' (intimidate) someone to get something they want, which is a more negative and harmful application of the word. The intensity and intention behind the action determine the nuance of "डराना".
The word is also used metaphorically. For example, a difficult exam might be said to 'डराना' (intimidate) students, not because it will physically harm them, but because of the challenge and the fear of failure it presents. Similarly, a large, imposing building could be described as 'डराने वाला' (scary or intimidating) in appearance. The core idea remains the same: evoking a sense of fear or unease.
Understanding "डराना" requires recognizing that fear can be induced in many ways, from a sudden loud noise to a persistent threat. The verb captures this act of causing such a reaction. It's a common and useful word to know for anyone learning Hindi, as it describes a fundamental human emotion and its deliberate instigation.
- Root Word
- The word "डराना" is derived from the noun "डर" (dar), meaning 'fear'. This connection makes the meaning very intuitive: to cause fear.
- Common Usage Scenarios
- Used when someone tries to frighten another person, animal, or even an inanimate object (metaphorically), like a challenging task. Also used in contexts of threats, intimidation, or even playful scares.
- Grammatical Type
- "डराना" is a verb in Hindi.
The ghost story was meant to डराना us.
Using "डराना" (darana) correctly involves understanding its conjugation and placement within a sentence. As a verb, it changes form based on tense, person, and number. The infinitive form is "डराना". When used in the present tense, it often appears as "डराता है" (he/it scares), "डराती है" (she/it scares), "डराते हैं" (they scare), or "डराता हूँ" (I scare).
In the past tense, it becomes "डराया" (scared). For example, "उसने मुझे डराया" (He scared me). The future tense uses forms like "डराएगा" (will scare).
The verb "डराना" can also be used in imperative forms. For instance, "मुझे मत डराओ" (Don't scare me). The direct object (the person being scared) is usually introduced with the postposition "को" (ko) or implied if it's a pronoun like "मुझे" (mujhe - me), "तुम्हें" (tumhein - you), etc.
Consider the sentence structure: Subject + (Object + को) + Verb. For example: 'बच्चा डराता है' (The child scares - perhaps referring to a child who likes to scare others). Or, 'वह डरा रहा है' (He is scaring). The continuous tense uses forms of "रहा है/रही है/रहे हैं" (raha hai/rahi hai/rahe hain).
The passive voice is also possible, where the subject is being scared. For instance, "मुझे डराया गया" (I was scared). Here, "गया" (gaya) indicates the passive construction.
- Present Tense Usage
- 'वह मुझे डराता है।' (He scares me.) - Used for habitual actions or general statements.
- Past Tense Usage
- 'भूतों की कहानी ने बच्चों को डरा दिया।' (The ghost story scared the children.) - 'दिया' (diya) often accompanies past tense verbs to indicate completion.
- Future Tense Usage
- 'अगर तुम शोर मचाओगे तो मैं तुम्हें डराऊँगा।' (If you make noise, I will scare you.)
- Imperative Mood
- 'छोटे बच्चों को डराना नहीं चाहिए।' (One should not scare small children.) - Using the infinitive with 'चाहिए' (chahiye - should).
- Continuous Tense
- 'वह डरा रहा है।' (He is scaring.) - Present continuous.
Don't try to डराना me with your fake threats.
You'll encounter "डराना" (darana) in a wide array of everyday Hindi conversations. It's a common verb used by people of all ages and backgrounds. For instance, parents might use it when talking to their children about not being afraid of the dark or not trying to scare siblings. Children themselves might use it playfully when trying to startle each other.
In educational settings, teachers might use it to describe how certain stories or characters are designed to evoke fear in a controlled manner, for example, in literature lessons. News reports and public announcements might use it when discussing issues of safety, crime, or intimidation. A police officer might say they are trying to "डराना" criminals, meaning to deter them through visible presence or strict enforcement.
Media, particularly films and television shows, frequently employs "डराना". Horror movies are designed to "डराना" their audience. Even in dramas, characters might try to "डराना" others to gain an advantage or manipulate them. The word fits naturally into dialogues where suspense or fear is a key element.
In informal settings, among friends, "डराना" can be used humorously. Someone might tell a story about how they tried to "डराना" their friend, and the friend's reaction was exaggerated. It's a word that captures a very human experience – the act of causing fear, whether intentionally or unintentionally, playfully or seriously.
Furthermore, when discussing animals, people might say that a loud noise can "डराना" animals, causing them to flee. The context is broad, covering anything from a child's prank to a serious threat or a natural phenomenon causing distress.
- Everyday Conversations
- Parents telling kids, "भूतों से डराना नहीं चाहिए।" (One shouldn't scare with ghosts.)
- Media and Entertainment
- In a horror movie, a character might whisper, "मैं तुम्हें डराने आया हूँ।" (I have come to scare you.)
- News and Public Discourse
- Reports on crime might mention tactics used to डराना and intimidate citizens.
- Interactions with Animals
- "तेज आवाज़ ने कुत्ते को डरा दिया।" (The loud noise scared the dog.)
- Playful Interactions
- Friends might joke, "तुम मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहे हो?" (Are you trying to scare me?)
The spooky music in the game is designed to डराना players.
One common mistake for learners is confusing "डराना" (darana - to scare) with "डरना" (darna - to be scared). "डरना" is an intransitive verb where the subject experiences fear, while "डराना" is a transitive verb where the subject causes fear in someone else. For example, saying "मैं डरता हूँ" (Main darta hoon) means "I am scared." But saying "वह मुझे डराता है" (Vah mujhe darata hai) means "He scares me." The distinction is crucial.
Another potential error involves verb conjugation. Learners might use the infinitive "डराना" when they should be using a conjugated form. For instance, instead of saying "उसने मुझे डराया" (Usne mujhe daraya - He scared me), they might incorrectly say "उसने मुझे डराना" which doesn't make grammatical sense in that context. Always ensure the verb is conjugated according to the tense and subject.
Misplacing the object or failing to use the correct postposition can also lead to mistakes. While "मुझे" (mujhe - me) is often used without "को" (ko), other nouns might require it. For instance, "उसने बच्चे को डराया" (Usne bachche ko daraya - He scared the child) is correct, whereas "उसने बच्चे डराया" might sound awkward or incomplete to a native speaker.
Learners might also overuse "डराना" in situations where a milder word for 'to surprise' or 'to startle' would be more appropriate. While "डराना" means to cause fear, sometimes a sudden, unexpected event might only startle someone without truly frightening them. Using "डराना" in such instances might sound overly dramatic.
Finally, confusing the agent and the experiencer is common. Remember, in "डराना", the subject is the one doing the scaring, and the object is the one being scared. In "डरना", the subject is the one experiencing the fear.
- Confusion with "डरना" (to be scared)
- Mistake: "मैं भूत से डराता हूँ।" (I scare from ghosts.) Correct: "मैं भूत से डरता हूँ।" (I am scared of ghosts.)
- Incorrect Verb Conjugation
- Mistake: "यह फिल्म मुझे डराना है।" (This film is to scare me.) Correct: "यह फिल्म मुझे डराती है।" (This film scares me.)
- Missing Postposition 'को'
- Mistake: "उसने बिल्ली डराया।" (He scared the cat.) Correct: "उसने बिल्ली को डराया।" (He scared the cat.)
- Overuse for Mild Startles
- Mistake: "उसकी अचानक आवाज़ ने मुझे डरा दिया।" (His sudden voice scared me.) - If the scare was very mild, perhaps "चौंका दिया" (chaukadiya - startled) might be better.
- Confusing Agent and Experiencer
- Mistake: "मैं तुम्हें डराता हूँ" when meaning "I am scared of you." Correct: "मैं तुम्हें डरता हूँ" (this is grammatically incorrect, should be "मैं तुमसे डरता हूँ" - I am scared of you).
Incorrect: "The loud noise is scaring me." (Incorrect Hindi: "शोर मुझे डराना है।") Correct Hindi: "शोर मुझे डरा रहा है।"
While "डराना" (darana) is the primary word for 'to scare' or 'to frighten', Hindi offers several related words and alternatives depending on the nuance and intensity of the emotion. The most direct contrast is with "डरना" (darna), meaning 'to be scared'.
For a milder form of causing unease or surprise, "चौंकाना" (chaunkana) is used, meaning 'to startle' or 'to surprise'. If you jump out and lightly surprise someone, you "चौंका" them, not necessarily "डरा" them.
When the intention is to intimidate or threaten someone, "धमकाना" (dhamkana) is a more fitting word. This implies a more serious threat of harm or negative consequences. For example, a criminal might "धमकाना" a witness.
In a more playful context, or when trying to make someone uneasy without causing true fear, "सहलाना" (sahalaana) can sometimes be used metaphorically, though it literally means 'to stroke'. However, this is less common and context-dependent. A more direct alternative for playful teasing that might cause mild fear is "चिढ़ाना" (chidhana - to tease), which can sometimes involve elements of scaring.
For causing extreme fear or terror, the word "भयभीत करना" (bhaybheet karna) is used, which is a more formal and intense expression meaning 'to make terrified'.
- "डराना" (darana)
- To scare, to frighten. General term.
- "डरना" (darna)
- To be scared, to fear. Experiencing fear.
- "चौंकाना" (chaunkana)
- To startle, to surprise. Milder than scaring.
- "धमकाना" (dhamkana)
- To threaten, to intimidate. More serious than scaring.
- "भयभीत करना" (bhaybheet karna)
- To terrify, to make fearful. More intense than scaring.
- "चिढ़ाना" (chidhana)
- To tease. Can sometimes involve elements of playful scaring.
A sudden loud noise might चौंका you, but a ghost story might डरा you.
How Formal Is It?
Wusstest du?
The root related to 'fear' is surprisingly complex and has connections to words in other languages that might not seem immediately obvious, reflecting the universal nature of this emotion and its linguistic expression.
Aussprachehilfe
- Pronouncing 'd' as alveolar (like English 'd') instead of dental.
- Not elongating the final 'a' sound.
- Misplacing stress on the first syllable.
Schwierigkeitsgrad
CEFR A2 level. The word itself is relatively common and its meaning is straightforward. Understanding its usage in simple sentences is achievable at this level. More complex sentence structures or idiomatic uses might pose a challenge.
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Voraussetzungen
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Fortgeschritten
Wichtige Grammatik
Causative Verbs: Many Hindi verbs have causative forms that indicate causing an action. 'डराना' is the causative of 'डरना'.
'डरना' (to be scared) -> 'डराना' (to cause fear).
Use of 'को' with direct objects: When the direct object is a specific person or animate being, 'को' is often used.
उसने बच्चे को डराया। (He scared the child.)
Pronoun oblique cases: Pronouns like 'मुझे', 'तुझे', 'उसे' often function as objects without 'को' and have special forms.
उसने मुझे डराया। (He scared me.)
Past tense formation with 'दिया' or 'गया': 'दिया' often indicates completion or emphasis, while 'गया' is used for passive voice.
भूत ने डरा दिया। (The ghost scared.) / मुझे डराया गया। (I was scared.)
Imperative mood: Used for commands, often with changes in verb endings.
मुझे डराओ नहीं! (Don't scare me!)
Beispiele nach Niveau
बिल्ली चूहे को डराती है।
The cat scares the mouse.
Present tense, third person singular.
मुझे अंधेरे से डर लगता है।
I am scared of the dark.
Using 'डरना' (to be scared) with 'से' (from/of).
वह बच्चा सबको डराने की कोशिश करता है।
That child tries to scare everyone.
Infinitive 'डराना' used with 'कोशिश करता है' (tries).
क्या तुम मुझे डरा सकते हो?
Can you scare me?
Modal verb 'सकना' (can) with 'डराना'.
भूत की कहानी ने उसे डरा दिया।
The ghost story scared him/her.
Past tense, completion indicated by 'दिया'.
शोर मत करो, तुम मुझे डरा रहे हो।
Don't make noise, you are scaring me.
Present continuous tense.
वह बिल्ली को डराने के लिए दौड़ा।
He ran to scare the cat.
Infinitive 'डराना' used to express purpose.
मुझे मत डराओ!
Don't scare me!
Imperative mood, negative command.
अंधेरे जंगल में अकेले जाना मुझे डराता है।
Going alone into the dark forest scares me.
Gerund phrase as subject, present tense verb.
उसकी डरावनी आवाज़ ने सबको डरा दिया।
His scary voice scared everyone.
Adjective 'डरावनी' (scary) modifying 'आवाज़' (voice).
हमें किसी को भी बेवजह नहीं डराना चाहिए।
We should not scare anyone without reason.
Modal verb 'चाहिए' (should) with infinitive 'डराना'.
वह हमेशा अपने दोस्तों को डराने की योजना बनाता है।
He always plans to scare his friends.
Present tense, habitual action with infinitive.
अचानक ज़ोर की आवाज़ सुनकर मैं डर गया।
Hearing the sudden loud noise, I got scared.
Using 'डर गया' (got scared) for a sudden event.
पुलिस ने चोरों को डराने के लिए गश्त बढ़ाई।
The police increased patrols to scare the thieves.
Infinitive 'डराना' expressing purpose.
क्या तुमने कभी किसी जानवर को डराने की कोशिश की है?
Have you ever tried to scare an animal?
Present perfect tense with infinitive.
मुझे लगता है कि वह मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहा है।
I think he is trying to scare me.
Subordinate clause with present continuous tense.
कहानी का अंत इतना भयानक था कि उसने दर्शकों को डरा दिया।
The end of the story was so terrifying that it scared the audience.
Complex sentence with cause and effect.
जानबूझकर किसी को डराने के इरादे से ऐसी हरकतें नहीं करनी चाहिए।
One should not do such actions with the intention of deliberately scaring someone.
Use of 'इरादा' (intention) and gerund phrase.
वह अपनी बातों से मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहा था, लेकिन मैं नहीं डरा।
He was trying to scare me with his words, but I wasn't scared.
Past continuous tense contrasted with past tense of 'डरना'.
इस क्षेत्र में बढ़ती अपराध दर ने निवासियों को डरा दिया है।
The rising crime rate in this area has scared the residents.
Present perfect tense showing ongoing effect.
बच्चों को डराने वाले चुटकुले सुनाना अच्छी बात नहीं है।
Telling jokes that scare children is not a good thing.
Relative clause modifying 'चुटकुले' (jokes).
सरकार ने आतंकवादियों को डराने के लिए कड़ी कार्रवाई की।
The government took strict action to scare the terrorists.
Infinitive 'डराना' expressing purpose in a formal context.
वह व्यक्ति इतना डरावना दिखता था कि लोग उसे देखकर ही डर जाते थे।
That person looked so scary that people would get scared just by seeing him.
Adjective 'डरावना' and habitual past tense of 'डरना'.
उसकी अप्रत्याशित हरकतें मुझे हमेशा डराने की कोशिश करती हैं।
His unexpected actions always try to scare me.
Present tense, habitual action with a subtle nuance.
पड़ोसी के कुत्ते के भौंकने ने रात भर मुझे डराए रखा।
The neighbor's dog's barking kept me scared all night.
Compound verb construction 'डराए रखा' (kept scared).
मीडिया का काम अक्सर घटनाओं को बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर पेश करके लोगों को डराना होता है।
The media's job is often to scare people by exaggerating events.
Gerund phrase as subject, complex sentence structure.
वे केवल अपनी शक्ति का प्रदर्शन करके विरोधियों को डराने की रणनीति अपना रहे थे।
They were adopting a strategy of scaring opponents simply by displaying their power.
Use of 'रणनीति' (strategy) and gerund phrase.
भले ही वह मज़े के लिए कर रहा हो, पर उसके चुटकुले दूसरों को डराने वाले थे।
Even though he was doing it for fun, his jokes were scary for others.
Subordinate clause with 'भले ही' (even though) and adjective 'डराने वाले'.
आर्थिक मंदी की खबरों ने आम आदमी को डराने का कोई कसर नहीं छोड़ी।
News of the economic recession left no stone unturned in scaring the common man.
Idiomatic expression 'कोई कसर नहीं छोड़ी' (left no stone unturned).
बच्चों को उन भयानक कहानियों से डराना अनुचित है जो उनकी कल्पनाशक्ति को नकारात्मक रूप से प्रभावित कर सकती हैं।
It is inappropriate to scare children with those terrifying stories that can negatively affect their imagination.
Complex sentence with infinitive and relative clause.
उसकी बातों का उद्देश्य मुझे डराना नहीं, बल्कि सचेत करना था।
The aim of his words was not to scare me, but to make me aware.
Contrast using 'नहीं, बल्कि' (not, but).
जानवरों को पालतू बनाने की प्रक्रिया में उन्हें डराना शामिल नहीं होता, बल्कि उन्हें सुरक्षित महसूस कराना होता है।
The process of domesticating animals does not involve scaring them, but rather making them feel safe.
Contrast with negative and positive actions.
राजनीतिक बयानबाजी का एक आम तरीका विरोधियों को देशद्रोही बताकर जनता को डराना है।
A common method of political rhetoric is to scare the public by calling opponents traitors.
Complex sentence with gerund phrase and purpose clause.
कला का उद्देश्य केवल सुंदरता दिखाना नहीं, बल्कि कभी-कभी समाज को झकझोरना और डराना भी होता है।
The purpose of art is not only to show beauty, but sometimes also to shake and scare society.
Contrast of purposes with nuanced verbs.
उसकी मूक अभिनय शैली दर्शकों को केवल हंसाने के लिए नहीं, बल्कि उन्हें अंदर तक डराने के लिए भी जानी जाती थी।
His silent acting style was known not only to make the audience laugh, but also to scare them to their core.
Complex structure with 'केवल...नहीं, बल्कि' (not only...but also).
अप्रत्याशित रूप से प्रकट हुई विपत्ति ने पूरे समुदाय को भयभीत कर दिया, जिसने उन्हें पहले कभी नहीं डराया था।
The unexpectedly manifested calamity terrified the entire community, which had never scared them before.
Use of 'भयभीत कर दिया' and a relative clause.
वह अपनी वाक्पटुता से श्रोताओं को मोहित कर सकता था, लेकिन कभी-कभी वह उन्हें डराने की सीमा तक भी ले जाता था।
He could mesmerize the audience with his eloquence, but sometimes he would take them to the point of scaring them.
Use of 'सीमा तक' (to the extent of) and nuanced verbs.
किसी को उसकी कमजोरियों के आधार पर डराना नैतिक रूप से गलत है, भले ही वह कितना भी प्रभावी क्यों न हो।
Scaring someone based on their weaknesses is morally wrong, no matter how effective it may be.
Gerund phrase as subject, complex subordinate clause.
प्रचार का उद्देश्य अक्सर तर्क से परे जाकर भावनाओं को भड़काना और अनिश्चितता के माध्यम से लोगों को डराना होता है।
The aim of propaganda is often to go beyond logic, incite emotions, and scare people through uncertainty.
Complex sentence with multiple gerund phrases and objectives.
उसकी शांत उपस्थिति अक्सर एक छिपे हुए खतरे का आभास कराती थी, जो अनजाने में ही लोगों को डराने लगती थी।
His calm presence often gave an impression of a hidden danger, which would unknowingly begin to scare people.
Complex sentence with causal relationship and subtle verb usage.
विज्ञापनों में अक्सर मनोवैज्ञानिक तकनीकों का सहारा लिया जाता है ताकि उपभोक्ताओं को भविष्य की समस्याओं का भय दिखाकर उन्हें उत्पाद खरीदने के लिए डराया जा सके।
Advertisements often resort to psychological techniques to scare consumers into buying products by showing them the fear of future problems.
Complex sentence with passive voice and purpose clause.
इतिहास गवाह है कि सत्ता का दुरुपयोग अक्सर अपने विरोधियों को दबाने और जनता को भयभीत करने के लिए किया गया है, ताकि किसी भी प्रकार के असंतोष को पनपने से रोका जा सके।
History bears witness that the abuse of power has often been used to suppress opponents and terrify the public, so that any kind of dissent can be prevented from emerging.
Complex sentence with passive voice, purpose clauses, and advanced vocabulary.
उसकी कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति में एक ऐसी तीक्ष्णता थी जो केवल सौंदर्यबोध को ही नहीं, बल्कि अंतरात्मा को भी झकझोरती और कभी-कभी डराने का भी सामर्थ्य रखती थी।
His artistic expression had a sharpness that not only touched aesthetic sensibilities but also stirred the soul and sometimes possessed the ability to scare.
Complex sentence with parallel structures and nuanced verb usage.
जलवायु परिवर्तन के दुष्परिणामों को लेकर फैलाई जा रही भयावहता का एक उद्देश्य लोगों को सचेत करना है, लेकिन इसका अतिरेक उन्हें निष्क्रिय करके डराने का जोखिम भी रखता है।
One purpose of the fear-mongering being spread about the consequences of climate change is to alert people, but its excess also carries the risk of scaring them into inaction.
Complex sentence with abstract concepts and contrasting outcomes.
समाज में व्याप्त भय का माहौल अक्सर अज्ञानता और गलत सूचनाओं से पोषित होता है, जिसका लाभ उठाकर कुछ तत्व दूसरों को डराने और अपने एजेंडे को आगे बढ़ाने का प्रयास करते हैं।
The atmosphere of fear prevalent in society is often nourished by ignorance and misinformation, which some elements exploit to scare others and advance their agenda.
Complex sentence with causal relationships and idiomatic expressions.
उसकी कथनी और करनी में इतना गहरा अंतर था कि वह अपने वादों से लोगों को लुभाने के साथ-साथ अपनी धमकियों से उन्हें डराने में भी माहिर था।
There was such a deep difference between his words and deeds that he was adept at luring people with his promises as well as scaring them with his threats.
Complex sentence with parallel structures and contrasting skills.
बच्चों के मन में सुरक्षित और निर्भय वातावरण बनाने की जिम्मेदारी बड़ों की है; उन्हें किसी भी बहाने से डराने का प्रयास नहीं करना चाहिए।
It is the responsibility of adults to create a safe and fearless environment in children's minds; they should not try to scare them under any pretext.
Complex sentence emphasizing responsibility and prohibition.
सूचना क्रांति के इस युग में, गलत सूचनाओं को फैलाकर जनता को डराने और उन्हें भ्रमित करने की प्रवृत्ति बढ़ रही है, जिससे विवेकपूर्ण निर्णय लेना दुष्कर हो रहा है।
In this era of the information revolution, the tendency to scare and confuse the public by spreading misinformation is increasing, making it difficult to make rational decisions.
Complex sentence with advanced vocabulary and abstract concepts.
Synonyme
Gegenteile
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
— Don't scare me! This is a direct imperative used when someone feels threatened.
जब उसने अचानक दरवाज़े से झाँका, तो मैंने कहा, "मुझे डराओ मत!"
— He is trying to scare me. This phrase indicates an ongoing attempt to instill fear.
मुझे लगता है कि वह मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहा है, लेकिन मैं डरने वाला नहीं हूँ।
— To scream out of fear. This describes a reaction to being scared.
अचानक बिल्ली को देखकर वह डर के मारे चिल्लाई।
— A scary story. This is a common phrase used to describe literature or tales intended to frighten.
रात को सोने से पहले बच्चों को डरावनी कहानी मत सुनाओ।
— To feel scared. This describes the emotional state of being frightened.
उस भयानक घटना के बाद, मैं कुछ दिनों तक डरा हुआ महसूस करता रहा।
— Scary and threatening actions. This refers to behaviors intended to intimidate.
पुलिस ने उपद्रवियों की डराने-धमकाने की हरकतों पर काबू पाया।
— To explain without scaring. This emphasizes a gentle and non-threatening approach to communication.
शिक्षक ने छात्र को बिना डराए उसकी गलती समझाई।
— A scary scene. This is used to describe something visually frightening, often in movies or plays.
फिल्म का वह डराने वाला दृश्य आज भी मेरी यादों में है।
— To scare deliberately. This highlights the intentionality behind the act of causing fear.
जानबूझकर किसी को डराना बहुत बुरी बात है।
— An attempt to scare everyone. This implies a widespread effort to instill fear.
उसकी बातें सबको डराने की कोशिश लग रही थीं।
Wird oft verwechselt mit
"डराना" means to cause fear (transitive), while "डरना" means to be scared (intransitive). It's crucial to distinguish between the agent causing fear and the subject experiencing it.
"डराना" is to cause fear in general. "धमकाना" specifically means to threaten, often implying a promise of harm or negative consequences.
"डराना" implies causing fear. "चौंकाना" means to startle or surprise, which is usually a milder reaction and not necessarily fear-inducing.
Redewendungen & Ausdrücke
— To sweat out of fear. This idiom describes a physical manifestation of intense fear.
जब उसने मुझे उस स्थिति में फँसा देखा, तो मेरे डर के मारे पसीना आ गया।
— To make one's heart sink; to shock or horrify someone. This is a strong idiom for causing extreme fear or distress.
उस भयानक हादसे की खबर ने सबका दिल दहला दिया।
— For one's soul to tremble; to be extremely frightened. This idiom emphasizes a deep, visceral fear.
भूत की आवाज़ सुनकर मेरी रूह काँप गई।
— For one's hands and feet to swell; to become paralyzed with fear or shock. This idiom describes a loss of composure due to intense fear.
अचानक सामने शेर देखकर उसके हाथ-पाँव फूल गए।
— For one's breath to stop; to be petrified with fear. This idiom describes a moment of extreme terror where one feels unable to breathe.
उस डरावने दृश्य को देखकर मेरी साँसें रुक गईं।
— To stab in the back. While not directly 'scaring', betrayal often causes shock and fear.
उसने मेरे पीठ में छुरी घोंप दी, जिससे मुझे गहरा सदमा लगा।
— For one's eyes to remain wide open; to be stunned or shocked, often with fear or disbelief.
उस अविश्वासनीय दृश्य को देखकर मेरी आँखें फटी रह गईं।
— Mice running in the stomach; to be extremely hungry. In some figurative contexts, extreme nervousness can feel like this.
परीक्षा से पहले मेरे पेट में चूहे दौड़ रहे थे, मानो मैं फेल हो जाऊँगा।
— For blood to freeze; to be terrified. This idiom describes an intense, chilling fear.
उस भयानक चीख को सुनकर मेरा खून जम गया।
— For one's heart to flutter/panic; to feel anxious or uneasy, often a precursor to fear.
अंधेरे में अकेले चलते हुए मेरा जी घबरा रहा था।
Leicht verwechselbar
Both words are related to the concept of fear and share similar sounds.
The key difference lies in agency. 'डरना' is experienced by the subject (e.g., 'I am scared'). 'डराना' is performed by the subject upon an object (e.g., 'He scares me').
मैं कुत्ते से डरता हूँ। (I am scared of the dog.) vs. कुत्ता मुझे डराता है। (The dog scares me.)
Both involve causing negative emotions in others, and sometimes scaring can be a part of threatening.
'डराना' is about causing fear. 'धमकाना' is about making threats, often to compel someone to do something or to instill a sense of danger/retaliation.
उसने मुझे डराने के लिए एक भूत की कहानी सुनाई। (He told a ghost story to scare me.) vs. उसने मुझे पैसे न देने पर जान से मारने की धमकी दी। (He threatened to kill me if I didn't give him money.)
Both can involve a sudden action or event that elicits a reaction.
'डराना' aims to instill fear. 'चौंकाना' aims to surprise or startle, which might cause a brief moment of alarm but not necessarily lasting fear.
अचानक दरवाज़े पर दस्तक ने मुझे डरा दिया। (The sudden knock on the door scared me.) vs. अचानक दरवाज़े पर दस्तक सुनकर मैं चौंक गया। (Hearing the sudden knock on the door, I was startled.)
Both mean to cause fear.
'डराना' is a general term for scaring. 'भयभीत करना' is a more formal and intense expression, meaning to terrify or fill with deep fear.
उसकी बातें मुझे डराने लगीं। (His words started to scare me.) vs. उस भयानक घटना ने पूरे शहर को भयभीत कर दिया। (That terrible incident terrified the whole city.)
In very specific, informal contexts, 'सहलाना' might be used metaphorically to describe a teasing that borders on mild unnerving, but this is rare.
'डराना' is to cause fear. 'सहलाना' literally means 'to stroke' or 'to caress', and metaphorically it can mean to flatter or to gently tease, but not to genuinely scare.
वह बच्चे को प्यार से सहला रहा था। (He was gently stroking the child.) - This is not related to scaring.
Satzmuster
Subject + [Object] + डराना (conjugated)
बिल्ली चूहे को डराती है। (The cat scares the mouse.)
मुझे + [Adjective] + डराना
मुझे डराना मत। (Don't scare me.)
Subject + [Object] + को + डराना (conjugated)
उसने बच्चे को डरा दिया। (He scared the child.)
Subject + [Reason] + से + डरना (conjugated)
मैं अंधेरे से डरता हूँ। (I am scared of the dark.)
Subject + [Object] + को + डराने की कोशिश करना (conjugated)
वह मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहा है। (He is trying to scare me.)
Subject + [Adjective] + [Noun] + ने + [Object] + को + डराना (conjugated)
डरावनी फिल्म ने मुझे डरा दिया। (The scary movie scared me.)
Subject + [Purpose Clause using Infinitive] + डराना
पुलिस ने चोरों को डराने के लिए गश्त बढ़ाई। (The police increased patrols to scare the thieves.)
Subject + [Manner] + डराना (conjugated)
वह अपनी बातों से मुझे डराने की कोशिश कर रहा था। (He was trying to scare me with his words.)
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Verben
Adjektive
Verwandt
So verwendest du es
High. The word is very common in everyday Hindi.
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Using 'डराना' when meaning 'to be scared'.
→
'डरना'
Learners often confuse the active verb 'डराना' (to cause fear) with the intransitive verb 'डरना' (to experience fear). Remember, if you are the one feeling fear, you 'डरते हो'. If you are making someone else feel fear, you 'डराते हो'.
-
Incorrect conjugation in past tense.
→
'डराया' or 'डरा दिया'
Instead of using the correct past tense form like 'डराया' (scared) or 'डरा दिया' (scared effectively), learners might use the infinitive or an incorrect conjugation.
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Omitting the object marker 'को' with animate objects.
→
Add 'को' before the object if it's a specific person or animal.
While pronouns like 'मुझे' often omit 'को', other nouns usually require it. For example, 'उसने बिल्ली को डराया' is correct, not 'उसने बिल्ली डराया'.
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Using 'डराना' for mild surprise.
→
'चौंकाना' (to startle) or 'हैरान करना' (to surprise).
'डराना' implies causing fear. If the reaction is just surprise or a momentary startle, 'चौंकाना' is a more appropriate and less intense word.
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Confusing 'डराना' with 'धमकाना'.
→
Use 'धमकाना' for threats.
'डराना' is simply to cause fear. 'धमकाना' means to threaten, which usually involves a warning of harm or negative consequences, often with an intent to coerce.
Tipps
Master the 'D' Sound
In Hindi, the 'd' sound in 'डराना' is dental, meaning your tongue touches the back of your upper teeth. This is different from the alveolar 'd' in English. Practice saying 'dal', 'din', 'dana' to get the feel for it. This will make your pronunciation sound more authentic.
Distinguish 'डराना' from 'डरना'
Remember: 'डराना' is active (you scare someone), 'डरना' is passive (you are scared). If you feel fear, you 'डरते हो'. If you make someone else feel fear, you 'डराते हो'. This is a fundamental distinction.
Use 'डरा देना' for Completion
Adding 'दिया' (diya) after 'डरा' often indicates that the act of scaring was completed or particularly effective. For example, 'उसने मुझे डरा दिया' is stronger than just 'उसने मुझे डराया'.
Visual Associations
Create a mental image: picture a scary clown trying to 'Dara-na' (scare) you. The clown's exaggerated scary face reinforces the meaning of the word.
Common Scenarios
Think about common situations where 'डराना' is used: ghost stories, telling a child not to do something dangerous, or even playful pranks. This will help you recall the word in relevant contexts.
Sentence Building
Form simple sentences using 'डराना'. Start with basic structures like 'मैं तुम्हें डराऊँगा' (I will scare you) or 'वह मुझे डराता है' (He scares me). Gradually increase complexity.
Explore Related Words
Learn words like 'धमकाना' (to threaten) and 'चौंकाना' (to startle). Understanding these nuances will help you choose the most precise word for your intended meaning.
Avoid 'डराना' for 'Being Scared'
Do not use 'डराना' when you mean 'to be scared'. Use 'डरना' instead. Saying 'मैं डरता हूँ' (I am scared) is correct, not 'मैं डराता हूँ' (I scare).
Use in Dialogue
In role-playing scenarios, practice using 'डराना' to express different intentions – playful teasing, serious warnings, or even fictional scary situations. This active use solidifies learning.
Einprägen
Eselsbrücke
Imagine a large, scary 'Dragon' (sounds like 'dar') that tries to 'annoy' (sounds like 'ana') you. The dragon is trying to 'डराना' you!
Visuelle Assoziation
Picture a child making a frightening face ('scary face') and shouting "Ra!" (sounds like 'ra') to scare another child. The face is meant to 'डराना'.
Word Web
Herausforderung
Try to use "डराना" in five different sentences today, describing different scenarios where someone might be scared. For example, 'The loud thunder scared me.' or 'The teacher scared the student with a stern look.'
Wortherkunft
The word "डराना" is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰer-, which meant 'to hold fast, support, protect'. Over time, in Indo-Aryan languages, related words evolved to denote concepts of fear and trembling, perhaps from the idea of being held back or frozen by fear.
Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The immediate derivation is from the noun "डर" (dar), meaning 'fear'. "डराना" is the causative form, meaning 'to cause fear'.
Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit derivative)Kultureller Kontext
While 'डराना' can be used playfully, it's important to be mindful of context. Deliberately causing fear to manipulate or harm someone is unacceptable. The word itself doesn't carry a negative moral judgment, but the intent behind its use does.
In English-speaking cultures, while the act of scaring exists, the specific nuance of 'डराना' might be expressed through phrases like 'to scare the living daylights out of someone' or 'to give someone a fright'. The directness of 'डराना' is quite common.
Im Alltag üben
Kontexte aus dem Alltag
Horror stories and movies
- डरावनी कहानी
- भूत डराने आया है
- दर्शक डर गए
- यह बहुत डराने वाला था
Playful teasing among friends or siblings
- मुझे डराओ मत!
- डर गए क्या?
- मैं तुम्हें डराने की कोशिश कर रहा था
- यह तो मज़ाक था
Warnings and safety advice
- अंधेरे में अकेले मत जाओ, तुम्हें डरा देगा।
- शोर से जानवर डर जाते हैं।
- किसी को डराना अच्छी बात नहीं है।
Describing threats or intimidation
- वह मुझे धमकाने की कोशिश कर रहा था।
- उसकी बातों ने मुझे डरा दिया।
- पुलिस ने अपराधियों को डराने के लिए गश्त बढ़ाई।
Animals reacting to stimuli
- तेज आवाज़ ने कुत्ते को डरा दिया।
- बिल्ली चूहे को डराती है।
- अचानक हरकत से पक्षी उड़ गए।
Gesprächseinstiege
"What is something that used to scare you as a child?"
"Have you ever tried to scare someone playfully? What happened?"
"Describe a movie or book that genuinely scared you."
"Do you think it's okay to scare animals? Why or why not?"
"What advice would you give someone who is easily scared?"
Tagebuch-Impulse
Write about a time you felt scared and what caused it. How did you overcome that fear?
Imagine you have to write a short scary story. What elements would you include to scare your readers?
Reflect on the difference between being scared (डरना) and causing fear (डराना). When might causing fear be justified, if ever?
Describe a situation where someone tried to scare you, but you weren't afraid. What made you brave?
Write a dialogue between two characters, one trying to scare the other, and the other trying to remain calm.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
10 FragenThe main difference is agency. 'डराना' (darana) is a transitive verb meaning 'to scare' or 'to frighten someone else'. The subject of the sentence is the one doing the scaring. 'डरना' (darna) is an intransitive verb meaning 'to be scared' or 'to fear'. The subject of the sentence is the one experiencing the fear. For example, 'वह मुझे डराता है' (He scares me) uses 'डराना', while 'मैं डरता हूँ' (I am scared) uses 'डरना'.
Yes, metaphorically. For example, a large, imposing building might be described as 'डराने वाला' (scary) because of its appearance, or a difficult task might be said to 'डराना' someone because of the challenge it presents and the fear of failure.
The past tense form is typically 'डराया' (daraya). For example, 'उसने मुझे डराया।' (He scared me.). Sometimes, 'दिया' is added for emphasis or completion: 'उसने मुझे डरा दिया।' (He scared me [completely/effectively].).
Not necessarily. It can be used in playful contexts, like children trying to scare each other for fun. However, when used with intent to harm, manipulate, or intimidate, it is negative. The context and intent are crucial.
The most common adjective form is 'डरावना' (daravna), meaning 'scary' or 'frightening'. For example, 'यह एक डरावनी फिल्म है।' (This is a scary movie.). Another form is 'डरा हुआ' (dara hua), meaning 'scared' or 'frightened', describing someone who is experiencing fear.
In the present continuous tense, it becomes 'डरा रहा है' (dara raha hai - he/it is scaring), 'डरा रही है' (dara rahi hai - she/it is scaring), or 'डरा रहे हैं' (dara rahe hain - they are scaring). For example: 'वह मुझे डरा रहा है।' (He is scaring me.).
'डराना' is the general act of causing fear. 'धमकाना' specifically means to threaten, often implying a warning of negative consequences or harm. While scaring can be part of threatening, threatening is more about intimidation and coercion.
While a startling event might cause fear, the primary word for 'to startle' is 'चौंकाना' (chaunkana). 'डराना' implies a more significant or sustained feeling of fear than just being startled.
The root word is 'डर' (dar), which means 'fear'. 'डराना' is the causative form of 'डरना' (to be scared), meaning 'to cause fear'.
Generally, deliberately scaring someone is not considered polite. However, in playful contexts, like telling a mild ghost story to children, the intent is not malicious. The phrase 'मुझे डराना मत' (Don't scare me) is a direct request to stop.
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Summary
"डराना" (darana) is the verb for actively making someone else feel fear or be frightened. It's the opposite of "डरना" (darna), which means to be scared yourself. Think of it as 'to cause fear'. Example: The loud noise scared the dog (शोर ने कुत्ते को डरा दिया).
- To scare or frighten someone.
- Active verb: You cause fear in others.
- Opposite of 'to be scared' (डरना).
- Used in playful, serious, or threatening contexts.
Master the 'D' Sound
In Hindi, the 'd' sound in 'डराना' is dental, meaning your tongue touches the back of your upper teeth. This is different from the alveolar 'd' in English. Practice saying 'dal', 'din', 'dana' to get the feel for it. This will make your pronunciation sound more authentic.
Distinguish 'डराना' from 'डरना'
Remember: 'डराना' is active (you scare someone), 'डरना' is passive (you are scared). If you feel fear, you 'डरते हो'. If you make someone else feel fear, you 'डराते हो'. This is a fundamental distinction.
Context is Key
The intensity of 'डराना' can vary. It can be playful (like a child jumping out) or serious (like a threat). Pay attention to the surrounding words and the situation to understand the true meaning.
Use 'डरा देना' for Completion
Adding 'दिया' (diya) after 'डरा' often indicates that the act of scaring was completed or particularly effective. For example, 'उसने मुझे डरा दिया' is stronger than just 'उसने मुझे डराया'.
Verwandte Inhalte
Verwandte Redewendungen
Mehr emotions Wörter
आभार
B1Dankbarkeit oder Erkenntlichkeit. 'Ich bin Ihnen dankbar' heißt 'Main aapka aabhari hoon'.
आभारी
A2Dankbar, verbunden. Ein formeller Ausdruck für tiefe Dankbarkeit im Hindi.
आभारी होना
A2Dankbar sein; Wertschätzung für etwas Erhaltenes empfinden.
आभार सहित
B1Mit Dankbarkeit; ein formeller Ausdruck, der häufig in Geschäftsbriefen verwendet wird.
आभारपूर्वक
B2Gratefully, thankfully, or with appreciation.
आभास होना
B1Eine Ahnung haben; etwas vage wahrnehmen. Zum Beispiel: 'Ich hatte eine Vorahnung von der Gefahr.'
आग्रह
B1Insistence, earnest request; persistent demanding.
आघात
B1Schock, Trauma, Schlag. 'Die Nachricht war ein Schock (aaghat).' / 'Ein Schlag (aaghat) gegen die Demokratie.'
आघात लगना
B1To be shocked; to be traumatized.
आघात पहुँचना
B1Tief erschüttert oder traumatisiert sein durch ein schwerwiegendes Ereignis.
