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B1 noun 10 Min. Lesezeit

निराशावादिता

niraashaavaadita
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At the A1 level, 'निराशावादिता' (Nirashavadita) is too complex. Instead, you should focus on the root word 'निराशा' (Nirasha), which means sadness or hopelessness. At this stage, you learn simple emotions. You might say 'Main nirash hoon' (I am disappointed). The concept of 'pessimism' as a system of thought is something you will encounter later. For now, just recognize that 'Nir-' means 'no' or 'without' and 'Asha' means 'hope'. This will help you build a foundation for understanding the longer word later. Focus on simple adjectives like 'dukhi' (sad) or 'khush' (happy). Understanding that 'Asha' is a positive thing is the first step. You don't need to use 'Nirashavadita' in your own sentences yet, but if you see it, just think 'it's a big word for being very negative all the time'.
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At the A2 level, you can start to recognize the suffix '-vadi'. You might know words like 'shakahari' (vegetarian) or 'mansahari' (non-vegetarian). Similarly, 'Nirashavadi' is a person who is pessimistic. 'Nirashavadita' is the name of that quality. You can use it in simple sentences like 'Nirashavadita buri hai' (Pessimism is bad). You are starting to move beyond just feelings to describing traits. You should know that this word is the opposite of 'Ashavadita' (optimism). At this level, focus on the gender of the word—it is feminine. So you say 'Buri nirashavadita' and not 'Bura nirashavadita'. You might see this word in simple news headlines or children's stories that teach moral lessons about staying positive.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to use abstract nouns like 'निराशावादिता' to express more complex thoughts. You should be able to discuss personality traits and general moods. For example, 'Uska vyaktitva nirashavadita se bhara hai' (His personality is full of pessimism). You can now distinguish between 'Nirasha' (the feeling of being let down) and 'Nirashavadita' (the habit of expecting the worst). You should be comfortable using the word with common verbs like 'badhna' (to increase) or 'kam karna' (to decrease). This is also the stage where you start to notice this word in editorials or more serious conversations about society. You can use it to explain why someone might not be successful: 'Nirashavadita ki wajah se woh koshish nahi karta' (Because of pessimism, he doesn't try).
At the B2 level, you should use 'निराशावादिता' fluently in debates and written essays. You can discuss the impact of pessimism on mental health, the economy, or social progress. You should be able to use it in complex sentence structures, such as 'Hamein samajik nirashavadita ko jad se khatam karna hoga' (We must eradicate social pessimism from the roots). You should also be familiar with its synonyms like 'Nakaratmakta' and understand the subtle differences between them. At this level, you can use the word to critique literature or films, discussing the 'pessimistic tone' of a work. You should also be able to form the adjective 'Nirashavadi' and the adverbial phrases like 'Nirashavadita ke saath' (with pessimism) correctly.
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At the C1 level, you use 'निराशावादिता' with nuance. You can distinguish between 'philosophical pessimism' and 'dispositional pessimism'. You might use it in academic contexts to discuss the works of philosophers or the themes of tragic literature. You are comfortable with related Sanskritized terms like 'Nairashya' and can choose the most appropriate word for the register. Your sentences are complex: 'Vartaman rajnaitik paridrishya mein vyapt nirashavadita loktantra ke liye khatra hai' (The pessimism prevalent in the current political landscape is a threat to democracy). You understand the historical and cultural connotations of the word in Hindi-speaking regions and can use it to make sophisticated arguments in professional and academic settings.
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At the C2 level, 'निराशावादिता' is a tool for precise expression. You can use it to explore the deepest layers of human thought and social theory. You might engage in high-level discourse about the role of pessimism in existentialist thought or its manifestation in postmodern Hindi poetry. You can use the word with absolute grammatical precision and stylistic flair, perhaps using it in metaphors or complex rhetorical questions. You understand the etymological roots perfectly and can play with the word's structure in creative writing. At this level, you don't just know the word; you know its weight, its history, and its power to shape a narrative or a philosophical argument. You can effortlessly switch between 'Nirashavadita', 'Nairashya', and 'Mayusi' to achieve the exact emotional or intellectual tone you desire.
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  • Nirashavadita means pessimism, the habit of expecting the worst.
  • It is a formal, feminine noun in Hindi ending in '-ita'.
  • It is the direct opposite of 'Ashavadita' (optimism).
  • Commonly used in literature, news, and psychology.
The word निराशावादिता (Nirāśāvāditā) is a sophisticated Hindi noun that encapsulates the philosophical and psychological concept of pessimism. At its core, it describes a mental attitude or a worldview where an individual habitually expects the most unfavorable outcomes. In linguistic terms, it is a compound of 'Nirāśā' (hopelessness) and the suffixes '-vād' (ism/doctrine) and '-itā' (ness), effectively translating to 'the state of holding a doctrine of hopelessness.' This word is not merely about a momentary feeling of sadness; rather, it refers to a deep-seated tendency or a characteristic trait. In everyday Hindi, you might hear it when discussing someone's personality, a political climate, or even a literary theme. For instance, a teacher might remark on a student's persistent negativity, or an economist might describe the general public's lack of confidence in the market using this term. It carries a heavy, intellectual weight, making it more common in formal discussions, literature, and psychological contexts than in casual street slang. Understanding this word requires an appreciation of the Hindi prefix 'Nir-' which denotes negation or absence, and 'Asha', the beautiful word for hope. Thus, the word literally points to the systematic absence of hope.
Etymological Breakdown
The word is derived from Sanskrit roots. 'Nir' (without) + 'Asha' (hope) creates 'Nirasha' (hopeless). Adding 'Vada' (theory/doctrine) makes it 'Nirashavada' (pessimism as a philosophy). The final suffix 'Ita' turns it into an abstract noun representing the quality itself.

उनकी बातों में झलकती निराशावादिता ने पूरे कमरे का माहौल गमगीन कर दिया। (The pessimism reflecting in his words made the atmosphere of the entire room somber.)

Social Context
In modern Indian society, with the rise of competitive exams and high-pressure careers, 'Nirashavadita' is frequently used in mental health awareness campaigns to describe chronic negative thinking patterns that need to be addressed through mindfulness or therapy.

आजकल के युवाओं में भविष्य को लेकर निराशावादिता बढ़ रही है। (Pessimism regarding the future is increasing among today's youth.)

Literary Usage
In Hindi literature, particularly in the 'Chhayavad' and 'Pragativad' eras, poets often grappled with this theme as they reflected on the struggles of the human condition and colonial oppression.

कविता की इन पंक्तियों में कवि की निराशावादिता स्पष्ट रूप से दिखाई देती है। (The poet's pessimism is clearly visible in these lines of the poem.)

सफलता पाने के लिए आपको अपनी निराशावादिता को त्यागना होगा। (To achieve success, you will have to give up your pessimism.)

दार्शनिक चर्चाओं में निराशावादिता को अक्सर यथार्थवाद के साथ भ्रमित किया जाता है। (In philosophical discussions, pessimism is often confused with realism.)

Use this word when you want to sound precise and articulate about a negative outlook. It is the perfect antonym to 'Ashavadita' (optimism) and serves as a cornerstone for discussing complex emotions in Hindi.
Using निराशावादिता correctly involves understanding its role as an abstract feminine noun. Because it ends in '-itā', it follows the pattern of many other abstract nouns in Hindi like 'manavta' (humanity) or 'sundarta' (beauty). When you use it in a sentence, the accompanying possessive pronouns must be feminine. For example, you say 'Meri nirashavadita' (My pessimism) and not 'Mera nirashavadita'. Similarly, verbs should reflect this gender agreement. If you want to say 'Pessimism increased', you would say 'Nirashavadita badh gayi' (feminine form of 'badhna').
Possessive Agreement
Always use 'ki' instead of 'ka'. Example: 'Sarkar ki nirashavadita' (The government's pessimism). This is a common point of error for learners who assume abstract concepts might be masculine.

उसकी निराशावादिता का कारण उसकी पिछली असफलताएं हैं। (The reason for his pessimism is his past failures.)

When placing 'Nirashavadita' in a sentence, it often functions as the subject or the object of a preposition. It is frequently paired with verbs like 'tyagna' (to renounce), 'apnana' (to adopt), or 'dikhaana' (to show). For instance, 'Hamein nirashavadita nahi dikhani chahiye' (We should not show pessimism). You can also use it to describe a collective mood. 'Bazaar mein nirashavadita ka mahaul hai' (There is an atmosphere of pessimism in the market).
Common Verb Pairings
1. Nirashavadita badhna (Pessimism to increase) 2. Nirashavadita ghatna (Pessimism to decrease) 3. Nirashavadita se ghirna (To be surrounded by pessimism) 4. Nirashavadita phailana (To spread pessimism)

समाज में फैली इस निराशावादिता को दूर करना होगा। (The pessimism spread in society must be removed.)

क्या अत्यधिक निराशावादिता एक मानसिक बीमारी है? (Is excessive pessimism a mental illness?)

लेखक ने अपनी पुस्तक में निराशावादिता के विभिन्न पहलुओं पर चर्चा की है। (The author has discussed various aspects of pessimism in his book.)

Sentence Structure Tip
When using it as a cause, use 'ki wajah se'. Example: 'Nirashavadita ki wajah se usne koshish karna chhod diya' (He stopped trying because of pessimism).

वह अपनी निराशावादिता के कारण कभी नया काम शुरू नहीं करता। (He never starts a new task due to his pessimism.)

In summary, treat 'Nirashavadita' as a formal, feminine entity that describes a persistent state of mind. Its usage elevates your Hindi from basic conversational levels to more academic or professional registers.
You will encounter निराशावादिता in various high-level contexts. One of the most common places is in Hindi news broadcasts, especially during segments on the economy, politics, or social issues. News anchors might say, 'Arthvyavastha ko lekar vishleshakon mein nirashavadita hai' (There is pessimism among analysts regarding the economy). It is a staple word in editorial columns of Hindi newspapers like Dainik Jagran or Navbharat Times, where columnists critique the current state of affairs.
Media and Journalism
Journalists use this word to describe the 'mood of the nation' or the outlook of a specific demographic. It sounds much more professional than just saying 'log dukhi hain' (people are sad).

समाचारों में अक्सर वैश्विक मंदी और बढ़ती निराशावादिता की चर्चा होती है। (Global recession and increasing pessimism are often discussed in the news.)

Another major arena is Hindi literature and academic writing. If you are studying Hindi 'Sahitya' (literature), you will find this word in critical analyses of existentialist works or poetry that deals with the darker side of life. Professors use it to describe the 'Swar' (tone) of a writer's work. In psychology and self-help seminars conducted in Hindi, speakers discuss 'Nirashavadita' as a mindset that one needs to overcome through 'Sakaratmakta' (positivity).
Academic Environment
In universities, during debates on philosophy (Darshan), students use 'Nirashavadita' to refer to philosophical pessimism, citing thinkers like Schopenhauer in a Hindi context.

प्रोफेसर ने दर्शनशास्त्र की कक्षा में निराशावादिता के सिद्धांतों को समझाया। (The professor explained the principles of pessimism in the philosophy class.)

You might also hear it in serious Bollywood dramas where a character is being criticized for their lack of faith in a better future. While not a common word in a comedy movie, it is essential for understanding the dialogue in intense, realistic cinema (Parallel Cinema).

फिल्म के नायक की निराशावादिता उसके संघर्षों का परिणाम थी। (The protagonist's pessimism was a result of his struggles.)

हमें इस सामूहिक निराशावादिता को आशा में बदलना होगा। (We must transform this collective pessimism into hope.)

क्या राजनीति में निराशावादिता के लिए कोई जगह है? (Is there any place for pessimism in politics?)

Workplace Usage
In corporate meetings, a manager might warn against 'Nirashavadita' during a project crisis to keep the team motivated.

मैनेजर ने टीम से कहा कि निराशावादिता से प्रोजेक्ट सफल नहीं होगा। (The manager told the team that the project will not be successful through pessimism.)

By recognizing these contexts, you can better grasp the nuances of when to deploy this word yourself.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with निराशावादिता is confusing it with the simpler word 'Nirasha'. While they are related, 'Nirasha' means 'disappointment' or 'hopelessness' (an emotion), whereas 'Nirashavadita' means 'pessimism' (an outlook or a philosophy). You might feel 'Nirasha' because you failed a test, but you possess 'Nirashavadita' if you believe you will fail every test in the future. Using them interchangeably can make your speech sound imprecise.
Mistake 1: Gender Agreement
As mentioned, many learners treat it as masculine. Incorrect: 'Bura nirashavadita'. Correct: 'Buri nirashavadita'. The '-ita' suffix is a definitive marker of feminine gender in Hindi.

गलत: उसका निराशावादिता भयानक है। सही: उसकी निराशावादिता भयानक है। (Wrong: His pessimism is terrible. Right: His pessimism is terrible.)

Another mistake is the over-application of the word in casual settings. Using such a heavy, academic word when you just mean 'unhappiness' can sound overly dramatic or pretentious. If you are talking about a friend being a bit down, 'udasi' (sadness) or 'nirasha' is better. Save 'Nirashavadita' for when you are discussing a persistent personality trait or a widespread social trend.
Mistake 2: Confusing with Adjectives
'Nirashavadita' is a noun. The adjective is 'Nirashavadi' (pessimistic). Incorrect: 'Woh bahut nirashavadita hai'. Correct: 'Woh bahut nirashavadi hai' (He is very pessimistic).

गलत: वह एक निराशावादिता व्यक्ति है। सही: वह एक निराशावादी व्यक्ति है। (Wrong: He is a pessimism person. Right: He is a pessimistic person.)

Learners also struggle with the plural form. Abstract nouns in Hindi generally do not have a plural form. You wouldn't say 'nirashavaditayein'. If you want to talk about different types of pessimism, use 'vibhinna prakar ki nirashavadita'.

हमें अपनी निराशावादिता को नियंत्रित करना चाहिए। (We should control our pessimism.)

ज्यादा निराशावादिता सेहत के लिए हानिकारक है। (Too much pessimism is harmful for health.)

क्या आप अपनी निराशावादिता का कारण बता सकते हैं? (Can you tell the reason for your pessimism?)

Grammar Summary
Noun: Nirashavadita (f) Adjective: Nirashavadi (m/f) Opposite: Ashavadita (f)

उनकी निराशावादिता की कोई सीमा नहीं है। (There is no limit to their pessimism.)

Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Hindi sound more natural and grammatically sound.
While निराशावादिता is the most precise term for pessimism, Hindi offers several synonyms and related words depending on the context and the level of formality you wish to achieve. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the right word for the right situation.
नैराश्य (Nairāśya)
This is a very formal, Sanskritized synonym. It is often used in literature to describe a profound, existential despair or a state of being completely devoid of hope. It sounds more poetic and heavy than 'Nirashavadita'.

उसके मन में गहरा नैराश्य भर गया है। (Deep despair has filled his mind.)

निराशा (Nirāśā)
The most common word, meaning 'disappointment' or 'hopelessness'. Use this for everyday situations. If you missed a bus, you feel 'nirasha', not 'nirashavadita'.

हार के बाद खिलाड़ियों के चेहरे पर निराशा थी। (There was disappointment on the players' faces after the loss.)

मायूसी (Māyūsī)
An Urdu-origin word that is very common in spoken Hindi and Bollywood songs. It carries a sense of sadness and dejection. It is softer and more emotional than the clinical 'Nirashavadita'.

चारों तरफ मायूसी का साया है। (There is a shadow of dejection everywhere.)

नकारात्मकता (Nakārātmakatā)
This means 'negativity'. While pessimism is a form of negativity, 'Nakaratmakta' is a broader term that can include cynicism, rudeness, or lack of cooperation.

हमें अपने मन से नकारात्मकता निकालनी चाहिए। (We should remove negativity from our minds.)

उसकी निराशावादिता का कोई इलाज नहीं है। (There is no cure for his pessimism.)

दार्शनिक निराशावादिता जीवन के सत्य को खोजने का एक तरीका हो सकती है। (Philosophical pessimism can be a way to find the truth of life.)

Summary of Alternatives
1. Nirasha (Common/Emotion) 2. Mayusi (Urdu-origin/Emotional) 3. Nairashya (Literary/Deep) 4. Nakaratmakta (Broad/Negativity)

क्या निराशावादिता ही यथार्थ है? (Is pessimism the only reality?)

Choosing among these words demonstrates your command over the emotional and intellectual range of the Hindi language.

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The suffix '-ita' is a direct cognate to the English suffix '-ity' (as in 'pessim-ity' or 'human-ity'), both coming from the same ancient Proto-Indo-European roots.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /nɪ.ɾɑː.ʃɑː.vɑː.d̪ɪ.t̪ɑː/
US /nɪ.rɑ.ʃɑ.vɑ.di.tɑ/
Primary stress is on the third syllable 'sha' and the final syllable 'ta'.
Reimt sich auf
आदर्शवादिता (Adarshavadita) यथार्थवादिता (Yatharthavadita) सृजनशीलता (Srijanshilta) मानवता (Manavta) समानता (Samanta) कठोरता (Kathorta) कोमलता (Komalta) सुंदरता (Sundarta)
Häufige Fehler
  • Pronouncing 'sha' as 'sa'.
  • Skipping the 'di' syllable.
  • Treating the dental 't' as an alveolar 't' (like in English 'tea').
  • Shortening the long 'a' vowels.
  • Swapping 'v' for 'b' (Nirashabadita - common in some regional accents).

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 4/5

The word is long and contains complex conjuncts and suffixes.

Schreiben 5/5

Spelling 'Nirashavadita' correctly requires knowledge of 'sha' and 'vadi' forms.

Sprechen 4/5

Six syllables make it a mouthful for beginners.

Hören 3/5

Easily recognizable once you know the root 'Nirasha'.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

आशा (Asha) निराशा (Nirasha) वाद (Vada) वादी (Vadi) सुंदरता (Sundarta - for the '-ita' suffix)

Als Nächstes lernen

यथार्थवादिता (Yatharthavadita) आदर्शवादिता (Adarshavadita) सृजनशीलता (Srijanshilta) नकारात्मकता (Nakaratmakta)

Fortgeschritten

नैराश्य (Nairashya) विषाद (Vishad) अस्तित्ववाद (Astitvavad) प्रगतिवाद (Pragativad)

Wichtige Grammatik

Abstract Noun Formation with -ita

Nirashavadi (Adjective) + -ita = Nirashavadita (Noun)

Feminine Gender of -ita Nouns

All nouns ending in '-ita' like Nirashavadita, Sundarta, Manavta are feminine.

Prefix 'Nir-' for Negation

Nir + Asha = Nirasha (Without hope)

Suffix '-vada' for Ideologies

Ashavada (Optimism), Nirashavada (Pessimism), Samyavada (Communism)

Adjective Agreement with Abstract Nouns

Ghari (f) Nirashavadita (f)

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Beispiele nach Niveau

1

वह निराश है।

He is disappointed.

A1 focuses on the root 'Nirasha' (disappointment).

2

आशा अच्छी चीज़ है।

Hope is a good thing.

Learning 'Asha' (hope) as the opposite root.

3

निराश मत हो।

Don't be disappointed.

Imperative negative with the root word.

4

क्या तुम निराश हो?

Are you disappointed?

Simple question structure.

5

मुझे आशा है।

I have hope.

Basic possession of an abstract concept.

6

वह बहुत निराश था।

He was very disappointed.

Past tense of 'to be'.

7

निराशा बुरी है।

Hopelessness is bad.

Simple subject-complement structure.

8

हमें आशा रखनी चाहिए।

We should keep hope.

Use of 'chahiye' (should).

1

निराशावादिता एक बुरी आदत है।

Pessimism is a bad habit.

Using 'Nirashavadita' as a noun subject.

2

वह बहुत निराशावादी है।

He is very pessimistic.

Introduction of the adjective 'Nirashavadi'.

3

उसकी निराशावादिता कम हो रही है।

His pessimism is decreasing.

Feminine agreement with 'kam ho rahi hai'.

4

क्या निराशावादिता अच्छी है?

Is pessimism good?

Basic interrogative with the abstract noun.

5

हमें निराशावादिता छोड़नी चाहिए।

We should leave pessimism.

Feminine object agreement with 'chhodni'.

6

यह निराशावादिता क्यों है?

Why is there this pessimism?

Using 'kyun' (why) for inquiry.

7

मेरी निराशावादिता खत्म हो गई।

My pessimism ended.

Past tense feminine agreement 'gayi'.

8

वह निराशावादी बातें करता है।

He talks pessimistic things.

Adjective modifying the plural noun 'baatein'.

1

असफलता से निराशावादिता बढ़ती है।

Pessimism increases with failure.

Cause and effect relationship with 'se'.

2

उसकी बातों में निराशावादिता झलकती है।

Pessimism reflects in his words.

Use of the verb 'jhalakna' (to reflect/show).

3

पढ़ाई में निराशावादिता ठीक नहीं है।

Pessimism is not good in studies.

Locative case 'mein' with the abstract noun.

4

लेखक ने अपनी निराशावादिता व्यक्त की।

The author expressed his pessimism.

Feminine possessive 'apni' and verb 'vyakt ki'.

5

ज्यादा निराशावादिता सफलता में बाधा है।

Too much pessimism is a hurdle in success.

Using 'badha' (hurdle) as a complement.

6

वह अपनी निराशावादिता के लिए जाना जाता है।

He is known for his pessimism.

Passive construction 'jana jata hai'.

7

हमें इस निराशावादिता को दूर करना होगा।

We will have to remove this pessimism.

Future obligation 'karna hoga'.

8

क्या आप निराशावादिता का अर्थ जानते हैं?

Do you know the meaning of pessimism?

Possessive 'ka' linking to 'arth' (masculine).

1

समाज में व्याप्त निराशावादिता एक गंभीर समस्या है।

The pessimism prevalent in society is a serious problem.

Use of 'vyapt' (prevalent) as a modifier.

2

उनकी निराशावादिता का मुख्य कारण आर्थिक तंगी है।

The main reason for their pessimism is financial hardship.

Identifying a 'mukhya karan' (main reason).

3

निराशावादिता से बचने के लिए सकारात्मक सोच ज़रूरी है।

Positive thinking is necessary to avoid pessimism.

Infinitive 'bachne ke liye' (to avoid).

4

वह अपनी निराशावादिता को यथार्थवाद कहता है।

He calls his pessimism realism.

Contrasting two 'isms'.

5

फिल्म की कहानी में निराशावादिता का गहरा पुट है।

There is a deep touch of pessimism in the film's story.

Using 'put' (touch/element) as a noun.

6

हमें युवाओं में बढ़ती निराशावादिता पर ध्यान देना चाहिए।

We should pay attention to the increasing pessimism among youth.

Present participle 'badhti' (increasing).

7

निराशावादिता इंसान की कार्यक्षमता को कम कर देती है।

Pessimism reduces a person's efficiency.

Compound verb 'kam kar deti hai'.

8

दार्शनिकों ने निराशावादिता के विभिन्न रूपों पर चर्चा की है।

Philosophers have discussed various forms of pessimism.

Present perfect 'charcha ki hai'.

1

आधुनिक साहित्य में निराशावादिता का स्वर अत्यंत प्रखर है।

The tone of pessimism is extremely intense in modern literature.

Using 'swar' (tone/voice) and 'prakhar' (intense).

2

क्या निराशावादिता केवल एक मानसिक स्थिति है या एक सत्य?

Is pessimism merely a mental state or a truth?

Rhetorical question structure.

3

उनकी कविताओं में निराशावादिता और विद्रोह का अद्भुत संगम है।

There is a wonderful confluence of pessimism and rebellion in his poems.

Abstract noun pairing 'sangam' (confluence).

4

बौद्धिक निराशावादिता अक्सर निष्क्रियता को जन्म देती है।

Intellectual pessimism often gives birth to passivity.

Idiomatic 'janm deti hai' (gives birth to/causes).

5

लेखक ने अपनी निराशावादिता को तर्कसंगत ठहराने का प्रयास किया है।

The author has attempted to justify his pessimism logically.

Using 'tarksangat' (logical/rational).

6

वैश्विक संकटों के बीच निराशावादिता का बढ़ना स्वाभाविक है।

The rise of pessimism amidst global crises is natural.

Using 'swabhavik' (natural/obvious).

7

हमें निराशावादिता के इस चक्र को तोड़ना होगा।

We must break this cycle of pessimism.

Metaphorical use of 'chakra' (cycle).

8

राजनीतिक निराशावादिता अक्सर मतदान के गिरते स्तर का कारण बनती है।

Political pessimism often causes falling levels of voting.

Complex causal relationship.

1

अस्तित्ववादी दर्शन में निराशावादिता को एक अनिवार्य मानवीय अनुभव माना गया है।

In existentialist philosophy, pessimism is considered an essential human experience.

High-level philosophical vocabulary.

2

उनकी रचनाओं में निराशावादिता का जो घनत्व है, वह विरल है।

The density of pessimism in his works is rare.

Using 'ghanatva' (density) and 'viral' (rare).

3

शोपेंहावर की निराशावादिता इच्छाशक्ति के दमन पर आधारित है।

Schopenhauer's pessimism is based on the suppression of the will.

Specific philosophical reference.

4

क्या हम निराशावादिता के बिना यथार्थ का पूर्ण बोध कर सकते हैं?

Can we have a complete perception of reality without pessimism?

Using 'bodh' (perception/understanding).

5

सांस्कृतिक निराशावादिता अक्सर सभ्यताओं के पतन का पूर्वाभास होती है।

Cultural pessimism is often a premonition of the fall of civilizations.

Using 'purvabhas' (premonition).

6

उनकी निराशावादिता में एक प्रकार की काव्यात्मक सौंदर्यबोध है।

There is a kind of poetic aesthetic in his pessimism.

Using 'saundaryabodh' (aesthetic sense).

7

यह निराशावादिता मात्र एक प्रतिक्रिया नहीं, बल्कि एक सुविचारित दृष्टिकोण है।

This pessimism is not just a reaction, but a well-thought-out perspective.

Using 'suvicharit' (well-considered).

8

निराशावादिता के इस महासागर में आशा की एक किरण ही पर्याप्त है।

In this ocean of pessimism, a single ray of hope is sufficient.

Poetic metaphor 'mahasagar' (ocean).

Häufige Kollokationen

गहरी निराशावादिता
निराशावादिता का माहौल
निराशावादिता त्यागना
बढ़ती निराशावादिता
निराशावादिता का स्वर
सामूहिक निराशावादिता
निराशावादिता से घिरना
निराशावादिता का कारण
घोर निराशावादिता
निराशावादिता की झलक

Häufige Phrasen

निराशावादिता को बढ़ावा देना

— To encourage or fuel pessimism.

ऐसी खबरें निराशावादिता को बढ़ावा देती हैं।

निराशावादिता के बादल

— Clouds of pessimism (metaphorical for a gloomy period).

अब निराशावादिता के बादल छंट रहे हैं।

निराशावादिता का शिकार

— A victim of pessimism.

वह निराशावादिता का शिकार हो गया है।

निराशावादिता की सीमा

— The limit of pessimism.

उसकी निराशावादिता की कोई सीमा नहीं है।

निराशावादिता से उबरना

— To recover or emerge from pessimism.

हमें निराशावादिता से उबरना होगा।

निराशावादिता का चश्मा

— The lens/glasses of pessimism (viewing everything negatively).

दुनिया को निराशावादिता के चश्मे से मत देखो।

निराशावादिता की लहर

— A wave of pessimism.

पूरे शहर में निराशावादिता की लहर दौड़ गई।

निराशावादिता का दौर

— A phase or era of pessimism.

यह निराशावादिता का दौर जल्द ही खत्म होगा।

निराशावादिता की जड़ें

— The roots of pessimism.

निराशावादिता की जड़ें बहुत गहरी हैं।

निराशावादिता के विरुद्ध

— Against pessimism.

हमें निराशावादिता के विरुद्ध लड़ना होगा।

Wird oft verwechselt mit

निराशावादिता vs निराशा (Nirasha)

Nirasha is a feeling of disappointment; Nirashavadita is a persistent outlook of pessimism.

निराशावादिता vs नकारात्मकता (Nakaratmakta)

Nakaratmakta is general negativity; Nirashavadita specifically refers to expecting the worst.

निराशावादिता vs नैराश्य (Nairashya)

Nairashya is a more poetic and extreme form of despair, often used in literature.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"निराशा के सागर में डूबना"

— To be deeply drowned in the ocean of despair/pessimism.

व्यापार में घाटे के बाद वह निराशा के सागर में डूब गया।

Literary
"मन छोटा करना"

— To become discouraged or pessimistic about something.

एक हार से मन छोटा नहीं करना चाहिए।

Informal
"हाथ-पांव फूलना"

— To panic and become pessimistic about one's ability to handle a situation.

मुश्किल देखते ही उसके हाथ-पांव फूलने लगे।

Colloquial
"अंधेरे में तीर चलाना"

— To act without hope or plan, often out of pessimism.

बिना तैयारी के परीक्षा देना अंधेरे में तीर चलाने जैसा है।

Neutral
"आस टूटना"

— For hope to break (to become pessimistic).

मदद न मिलने पर उसकी आस टूट गई।

Neutral
"मुंह लटकाना"

— To pull a long face (showing pessimism or sadness).

वह सुबह से मुंह लटकाए बैठा है।

Informal
"किस्मत का रोना रोना"

— To keep complaining about one's fate (a sign of pessimism).

अपनी मेहनत पर ध्यान दो, किस्मत का रोना मत रोओ।

Informal
"हौसला हारना"

— To lose courage or become pessimistic.

हमें कभी हौसला नहीं हारना चाहिए।

Neutral
"दिल बैठ जाना"

— To feel extremely discouraged or pessimistic suddenly.

खबर सुनते ही उसका दिल बैठ गया।

Neutral
"मिट्टी में मिलना"

— For hopes to be ruined, leading to pessimism.

उसकी सारी उम्मीदें मिट्टी में मिल गईं।

Neutral

Leicht verwechselbar

निराशावादिता vs निराशावादी

Both look similar.

Nirashavadi is the person (adjective/noun); Nirashavadita is the quality (abstract noun).

वह निराशावादी (person) है, और उसकी निराशावादिता (quality) हमें दुखी करती है।

निराशावादिता vs आशावादिता

Opposite meaning but same structure.

Asha = Hope; Nir-asha = No hope.

हमें निराशावादिता नहीं, आशावादिता अपनानी चाहिए।

निराशावादिता vs निराश

Adjective form.

Nirash means 'disappointed' (temporary state).

वह आज निराश है।

निराशावादिता vs हताशा

Similar emotional space.

Hatasha implies a sense of being defeated or frustrated.

बार-बार फेल होने से उसमें हताशा आ गई।

निराशावादिता vs विषाद

Formal synonym.

Vishad is more about deep sorrow or melancholy.

वह विषाद की स्थिति में है।

Satzmuster

B1

X में निराशावादिता है।

उसमें बहुत निराशावादिता है।

B1

X की निराशावादिता Y है।

उसकी निराशावादिता का कारण असफलता है।

B2

निराशावादिता के कारण X नहीं हो पाया।

निराशावादिता के कारण काम पूरा नहीं हो पाया।

B2

X को निराशावादिता से बचना चाहिए।

हमें निराशावादिता से बचना चाहिए।

C1

X में व्याप्त निराशावादिता Y को दर्शाती है।

समाज में व्याप्त निराशावादिता डर को दर्शाती है।

C1

निराशावादिता का स्वर X में प्रखर है।

इस कविता में निराशावादिता का स्वर प्रखर है।

C2

क्या X निराशावादिता का ही एक रूप है?

क्या यह यथार्थवाद निराशावादिता का ही एक रूप है?

C2

निराशावादिता के महासागर में X एक किरण है।

निराशावादिता के महासागर में तुम्हारी बातें एक किरण हैं।

Wortfamilie

Substantive

निराशा (Nirasha - hopelessness)
निराशावादी (Nirashavadi - pessimist)
आशा (Asha - hope)
आशावादिता (Ashavadita - optimism)

Verben

निराश करना (Nirash karna - to disappoint)
निराश होना (Nirash hona - to be disappointed)

Adjektive

निराशाजनक (Nirashajanak - disappointing/gloomy)
निराशावादी (Nirashavadi - pessimistic)

Verwandt

वाद (Vada - ism)
विचारधारा (Vichardhara - ideology)
दृष्टिकोण (Drishtikon - perspective)
मानसिकता (Mansikta - mindset)
नैराश्य (Nairashya - despair)
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So verwendest du es

frequency

High in formal contexts, medium in daily speech.

Häufige Fehler
  • Using 'ka' instead of 'ki'. → उसकी निराशावादिता (Uski nirashavadita)

    Learners often forget that abstract nouns in '-ita' are feminine. Using the masculine possessive 'ka' is a common error.

  • Using 'Nirashavadita' for a person. → वह निराशावादी है। (He is a pessimist.)

    You cannot say 'He is pessimism'. You must use the adjective 'Nirashavadi' to describe a person.

  • Confusing with 'Nirasha'. → मुझे निराशा हुई। (I felt disappointed.)

    Don't use the long word when a simple 'disappointment' is meant. 'Nirashavadita' is for the general outlook.

  • Misspelling with 'स' (sa). → निराशावादिता (with श)

    The 'sha' sound is palatal (श). Using the dental 'sa' (स) changes the sound and is a spelling error.

  • Pluralizing it as 'Nirashavaditayein'. → निराशावादिता (Singular only)

    Abstract nouns are generally uncountable and do not have a plural form in Hindi.

Tipps

Gender Agreement

Always remember that abstract nouns ending in '-ita' are feminine. Use 'ki' and 'apni' with 'निराशावादिता'.

Root Recognition

If you see 'Nir-' at the start of a word, it often means 'without'. 'Nir-asha' = without hope.

Context Matters

Use 'Nirashavadita' for personality traits and 'Nirasha' for one-time disappointments.

Dental T

Make sure the final 'ta' is dental. Your tongue should touch your upper teeth, not the roof of your mouth.

Spelling the 'Sha'

Use 'श' (palatal), not 'स' (dental) or 'ष' (retroflex), for the 'sha' sound in 'Nirasha'.

Suffix Power

Learning '-vada' and '-ita' will help you understand dozens of other Hindi words like 'Manavta' or 'Samyavada'.

Formal Register

This word is great for formal emails, essays, or academic discussions in Hindi.

Antonym Practice

Whenever you use 'Nirashavadita', try to think how the sentence would change with 'Ashavadita'.

News Exposure

Watch Hindi news reports on the economy to hear this word used in a natural professional setting.

The 'Ism' Trick

Associate '-vadita' with English '-ism'. It makes the word feel more familiar as a 'system of thought'.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'Ni-Asha'. 'Ni' means 'No' and 'Asha' means 'Hope'. The rest '-vadita' is just the 'ism-ness'. So, No-Hope-Ism-Ness.

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a person wearing dark gray glasses looking at a rainy day while ignoring a rainbow. Those glasses are 'Nirashavadita'.

Word Web

Hope (Asha) No Hope (Nirasha) Pessimist (Nirashavadi) Pessimism (Nirashavadita) Negativity (Nakaratmakta) Despair (Nairashya) Darkness (Andhkaar) Perspective (Drishtikon)

Herausforderung

Try to use 'Nirashavadita' in a sentence today when describing a news article or a movie character's attitude.

Wortherkunft

Derived from Sanskrit. It is a multi-layered compound word typical of formal Indo-Aryan languages.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: The state or quality of following the doctrine of no-hope.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Indo-Aryan -> Hindi

Kultureller Kontext

Be sensitive when using this word to describe someone's mental state, as it can sound like a clinical or harsh judgment of their character.

English speakers often use 'pessimism' casually. In Hindi, 'Nirashavadita' is slightly more formal and heavy. Use 'Nirasha' for casual 'bummed out' feelings.

Hindi literary critics often discuss 'Nirashavadita' in the works of poets like Nirala. Motivational speakers like Sandeep Maheshwari often talk about overcoming 'Nakaratmakta' and 'Nirashavadita'. Newspaper editorials frequently use this term to describe economic forecasts.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Psychology

  • मानसिक निराशावादिता (Mental pessimism)
  • नकारात्मक सोच (Negative thinking)
  • अवसाद (Depression)
  • दृष्टिकोण बदलना (Changing perspective)

Economics

  • बाजार में निराशावादिता (Pessimism in market)
  • आर्थिक मंदी (Economic recession)
  • निवेशकों का भरोसा (Investors' trust)
  • गिरावट का दौर (Period of decline)

Literature

  • कविता का स्वर (Tone of the poem)
  • लेखक की विचारधारा (Author's ideology)
  • दुखांत रचना (Tragic work)
  • यथार्थ का चित्रण (Depiction of reality)

Personal Growth

  • सफलता का मंत्र (Mantra for success)
  • आत्मविश्वास बढ़ाना (Increasing self-confidence)
  • बुरी आदतों को छोड़ना (Leaving bad habits)
  • सकारात्मक ऊर्जा (Positive energy)

Politics

  • जनता में निराशावादिता (Pessimism among public)
  • विपक्ष का आरोप (Opposition's allegation)
  • सरकार की नीतियां (Government policies)
  • भविष्य की योजना (Plan for future)

Gesprächseinstiege

"क्या आपको लगता है कि आजकल के समाचार निराशावादिता फैला रहे हैं?"

"आप निराशावादिता से बचने के लिए क्या करते हैं?"

"क्या निराशावादिता कभी-कभी यथार्थवादी होने के लिए ज़रूरी है?"

"आपके पसंदीदा लेखक की रचनाओं में निराशावादिता है या आशावादिता?"

"क्या समाज में बढ़ती निराशावादिता को शिक्षा के माध्यम से कम किया जा सकता है?"

Tagebuch-Impulse

आज मैंने अपने अंदर कितनी निराशावादिता महसूस की और उसका कारण क्या था?

एक ऐसी स्थिति के बारे में लिखें जहाँ आपकी निराशावादिता गलत साबित हुई।

क्या निराशावादिता और यथार्थवाद के बीच कोई महीन रेखा है? अपने विचार लिखें।

अगर दुनिया से निराशावादिता पूरी तरह खत्म हो जाए, तो क्या होगा?

अपने जीवन के उस दौर के बारे में लिखें जब आपने अपनी निराशावादिता पर विजय पाई।

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

Yes, it is very common in formal Hindi, such as in news, books, and discussions about personality. In very casual talk, people might prefer 'निराशा' or 'मायूसी', but 'निराशावादिता' is essential for B1 level learners and above.

It is a feminine noun. You can tell because it ends with the suffix '-ita'. This means you should use feminine adjectives and verbs with it, like 'गहरी निराशावादिता' (deep pessimism).

'निराशा' (Nirasha) means disappointment or a temporary feeling of hopelessness. 'निराशावादिता' (Nirashavadita) is a broader term meaning 'pessimism'—a long-term habit or philosophy of looking at the negative side.

To describe a person, use the adjective 'निराशावादी' (Nirashavadi). For example, 'वह एक निराशावादी व्यक्ति है' (He is a pessimistic person). Use 'निराशावादिता' for the quality itself.

The direct opposite is 'आशावादिता' (Ashavadita), which means optimism. It follows the same grammatical structure.

While 'निराशावादिता' is a bit formal for songs, you will often hear its root 'निराशा' or the Urdu equivalent 'मायूसी' in many sad Bollywood tracks.

The 'sh' is the palatal 'श' (sha), pronounced with the middle of the tongue near the roof of the mouth, like in the English word 'shoe'.

Like most abstract nouns in Hindi, it is generally used only in the singular. To talk about multiple instances, you would say 'निराशावादिता के उदाहरण' (examples of pessimism).

It uses two suffixes: '-vada' (meaning 'ism') and '-ita' (making it an abstract noun). Together they create the concept of 'pessimism'.

This is typically a B1 or B2 level word. Beginners should focus on 'निराशा', while intermediate and advanced students should master 'निराशावादिता'.

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writing

Write a sentence using 'निराशावादिता' to describe someone's personality.

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writing

Translate: 'We must overcome pessimism to achieve our goals.'

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writing

Write a short paragraph (3 sentences) about why pessimism is bad for society.

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writing

Compare 'निराशा' and 'निराशावादिता' in two sentences.

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writing

Write a formal headline about economic pessimism.

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writing

How would you tell a friend to stop being pessimistic using the word 'निराशावादी'?

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writing

Translate: 'There is a deep tone of pessimism in this poem.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'निराशावादिता के कारण'.

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writing

Translate: 'Pessimism is the opposite of optimism.'

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writing

Explain the meaning of 'निराशावादिता का चश्मा' in your own words.

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writing

Write a diary entry about a day you felt pessimistic.

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writing

Translate: 'The author discusses various aspects of pessimism.'

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writing

Write a sentence using 'निराशावादिता त्यागना'.

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writing

Translate: 'Pessimism reflects in his daily routine.'

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writing

Write a sentence about pessimism in the news.

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writing

Translate: 'Is pessimism a mental illness?'

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writing

Write a sentence using the word 'नैराश्य'.

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writing

Translate: 'Break the cycle of pessimism.'

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writing

Write a sentence about political pessimism.

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writing

Translate: 'Pessimism is often confused with realism.'

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speaking

Pronounce 'निराशावादिता' slowly three times.

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speaking

Tell a short story about a pessimistic person in Hindi.

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speaking

Explain why you are an optimist or a pessimist in 5 sentences.

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speaking

How do you say 'Pessimism is bad for health' in Hindi?

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speaking

Use 'निराशावादिता' in a sentence about the economy.

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speaking

Debate: 'Is pessimism sometimes realistic?' (Speak for 1 minute in Hindi).

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speaking

Pronounce 'नैराश्य' and 'निराशावादिता' and explain the difference.

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speaking

Give a motivational speech against pessimism.

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speaking

Describe a movie character who was a pessimist.

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speaking

How do you pronounce the 'sha' in Nirasha?

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speaking

Use 'निराशावादिता' in a formal sentence.

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speaking

Ask a question using 'निराशावादिता'.

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speaking

Explain the etymology of the word in Hindi.

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speaking

Translate and speak: 'Don't let pessimism ruin your day.'

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speaking

Talk about a cultural reference to pessimism in India.

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speaking

Pronounce 'आशावादिता' correctly.

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Say 'I am not a pessimist' in Hindi.

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speaking

Explain the difference between 'Nirasha' and 'Nirashavadita' orally.

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speaking

Use 'सामूहिक निराशावादिता' in a sentence.

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speaking

Finish the sentence: 'सफलता के लिए निराशावादिता को...'

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listening

Listen to the word: 'निराशावादिता'. How many syllables do you hear?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'उसकी निराशावादिता हमें परेशान करती है।' What is the speaker bothered by?

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listening

Identify the word: 'Nirashavadi' vs 'Nirashavadita' in a sentence.

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listening

Listen to a news snippet about 'market pessimism'. What is the key Hindi word used?

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listening

Listen to the tone: Is the speaker being optimistic or pessimistic?

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listening

Listen for the suffix: Is it '-vadi' or '-vadita'?

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listening

What verb is paired with the word in: 'निराशावादिता बढ़ रही है'?

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listening

Listen for the gender marker: 'uski' or 'uska'?

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listening

Listen to the poem line: 'मन में नैराश्य का अंधकार है।' What is the synonym for pessimism used?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

What is the opposite word heard in: 'निराशावादिता नहीं, आशावादिता अपनाओ'?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Identify the context: 'प्रोजेक्ट में निराशावादिता ठीक नहीं है।' Is it office or school?

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listening

Listen to the pronunciation: Is it 'sa' or 'sha' in 'Nirasha'?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen for the cause: 'असफलता से निराशावादिता आती है।' What causes it?

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

Listen and translate the phrase: 'घोर निराशावादिता'.

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:
listening

What does the manager want the team to do? 'निराशावादिता को दूर करो।'

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Richtig! Nicht ganz. Richtige Antwort:

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