§ Basic Usage: Describing Darkness
The word gelap is an adjective. You use it just like you'd use 'dark' in English to describe something that lacks light or is not bright.
- DEFINITION
- Dark
Here's a simple way to use it:
Kamarnya sangat gelap.
It means 'His/her room is very dark.'
Malam ini gelap sekali.
This translates to 'Tonight is very dark.'
§ Using "Gelap" with Nouns
You can put gelap directly after a noun to describe it.
Dia suka kopi gelap.
This means 'He/she likes dark coffee.'
Saya melihat awan gelap di langit.
Which translates to 'I saw dark clouds in the sky.'
§ "Menjadi Gelap" (To Become Dark)
If you want to say something 'becomes dark' or 'gets dark', you use the word menjadi before gelap.
Langit mulai menjadi gelap.
This means 'The sky started to get dark.'
Cahaya di ruangan itu perlahan menjadi gelap.
Meaning 'The light in the room slowly became dark.'
§ "Kegelapan" (Darkness - Noun)
The word gelap can also be made into a noun, kegelapan, which means 'darkness'. This is useful when you want to refer to the state or condition of being dark.
Saya takut kegelapan.
This translates to 'I am afraid of the darkness.'
Kami duduk dalam kegelapan setelah listrik padam.
Meaning 'We sat in darkness after the power went out.'
§ Related Terms and Phrases
Here are some common phrases using gelap that you might hear:
- Gelap gulita: Very dark, pitch dark. This emphasizes extreme darkness.
Hutan itu gelap gulita.
'The forest is pitch dark.'
- Warna gelap: Dark color. Used to describe the shade of something.
Dia suka memakai baju warna gelap.
'He/she likes to wear dark-colored clothes.'
Remember, consistent practice is key. Try to use gelap in your own sentences today!
Let's talk about the Indonesian word gelap. It's a simple adjective, and it means 'dark'. You'll hear and use this word a lot.
§ Basic Meaning of Gelap
Gelap is directly translated as 'dark'. You can use it to describe a lack of light, whether it's a room, the sky, or even a mood.
- DEFINITION
- Dark
Kamarnya sangat gelap.
Hint: The room is very dark.
Langitnya sudah gelap.
Hint: The sky is already dark.
§ Using Gelap in Phrases
Gelap is pretty straightforward, but it can be used in different contexts.
- Gelap gulita: This means 'pitch black' or 'extremely dark'. It adds more intensity than just gelap alone.
- Mata gelap: This literally means 'dark eyes' but is an idiom for being 'furious' or 'seeing red'.
- Pikiran gelap: 'Dark thoughts' or 'bad thoughts'.
Ruangan itu gelap gulita tanpa listrik.
Hint: That room was pitch black without electricity.
Jangan punya pikiran gelap.
Hint: Don't have dark thoughts.
§ Similar Words and When to Use 'Gelap' vs. Alternatives
While gelap is the most common word for 'dark', here are some alternatives and when you might use them:
- Kelam: This word also means 'dark', but it often carries a more poetic or somber nuance. It's used for deeper, more profound darkness, or to describe something grim or gloomy. You might hear it for 'dark past' (masa lalu yang kelam) or 'dark future' (masa depan yang kelam). It's less common for describing a simple lack of light in a room.
- Hitam: This means 'black'. While black is a type of dark color, gelap refers to the absence of light, not necessarily the color black. A room can be gelap without being painted black.
- Remang-remang: This describes a 'dim' or 'twilight' state. It's not completely dark, but also not well-lit. Think of a dimly lit street or a room with soft lighting.
Here are some examples comparing these words:
Masa lalu yang kelam.
Hint: A dark/grim past. (Here, gelap would sound less natural for a past event.)
Dia memakai baju hitam.
Hint: He wore black clothes. (Not 'dark clothes' in the sense of lack of light.)
Jalanan itu remang-remang di malam hari.
Hint: That street was dimly lit at night. (Here, gelap would imply completely dark, which might not be accurate.)
So, remember to use gelap for general darkness due to lack of light. If you want to add a somber tone, consider 'kelam'. If you're talking about the color, use 'hitam'. And for dimness, 'remang-remang' is your word.
Teste dich selbst 18 Fragen
Write a short sentence describing something dark, using the word 'gelap'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Malam ini gelap. (Tonight is dark.)
Complete the sentence: 'Ruangan itu sangat ___.' (The room is very ___.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Ruangan itu sangat gelap. (The room is very dark.)
Describe a situation where you would say 'gelap' in Indonesian. (Example: 'Saat mati lampu, rumah jadi gelap.')
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hutan itu gelap pada malam hari. (The forest is dark at night.)
Mengapa kami tidak bisa melihat dengan jelas?
Read this passage:
Matahari sudah terbenam. Langit menjadi gelap. Kami tidak bisa melihat dengan jelas.
Mengapa kami tidak bisa melihat dengan jelas?
The passage says 'Langit menjadi gelap. Kami tidak bisa melihat dengan jelas.' (The sky became dark. We could not see clearly.)
The passage says 'Langit menjadi gelap. Kami tidak bisa melihat dengan jelas.' (The sky became dark. We could not see clearly.)
Apa yang dibutuhkan untuk melihat di dalam gua?
Read this passage:
Di dalam gua, sangat gelap. Saya perlu senter. Tanpa senter, saya tidak bisa jalan.
Apa yang dibutuhkan untuk melihat di dalam gua?
The passage states 'Saya perlu senter.' (I need a flashlight.)
The passage states 'Saya perlu senter.' (I need a flashlight.)
Mengapa kamar itu gelap?
Read this passage:
Kamar saya gelap ketika jendela tertutup. Saya suka kamar terang, jadi saya buka jendela.
Mengapa kamar itu gelap?
The passage says 'Kamar saya gelap ketika jendela tertutup.' (My room is dark when the window is closed.)
The passage says 'Kamar saya gelap ketika jendela tertutup.' (My room is dark when the window is closed.)
The atmosphere inside the cave was very dark, making us have to use flashlights to see.
Tonight, without the moon, the sky looks so dark and full of stars.
After the storm, the power went out, and the whole city became pitch dark.
Read this aloud:
Ketika lampu mati, ruangan itu menjadi gelap.
Focus: gelap
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
Dia suka mengenakan pakaian yang gelap.
Focus: gelap
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
Rasa kopi itu sangat gelap dan pahit.
Focus: gelap
Du hast gesagt:
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Pilihlah kalimat yang paling tepat menggunakan kata "gelap" untuk menyatakan ketidakjelasan atau kerahasiaan.
Dalam konteks ini, 'gelap' digunakan secara metaforis untuk menunjukkan ketidakpastian atau kurangnya kejelasan, yang sesuai dengan nuansa C2.
Manakah dari pilihan berikut yang paling tepat menggambarkan penggunaan "gelap" dalam konteks yang mengandung konotasi negatif atau mencurigakan?
'Bisnis gelap' secara inheren menyiratkan sesuatu yang ilegal, tidak etis, atau mencurigakan, sesuai dengan tingkat C2 yang lebih tinggi.
Jika seseorang berkata, "Pikirannya gelap," apa interpretasi terbaik dari pernyataan tersebut?
'Pikirannya gelap' adalah idiom yang mengindikasikan keadaan mental yang negatif, seperti depresi, kesedihan mendalam, atau niat jahat, yang membutuhkan pemahaman kontekstual tingkat C2.
Dalam konteks sastra, menggunakan frasa 'masa lalu yang gelap' selalu merujuk pada periode waktu di mana tidak ada cahaya.
Dalam sastra, 'masa lalu yang gelap' sering kali merujuk pada masa lalu yang penuh dengan kesulitan, tragedi, atau rahasia yang tidak menyenangkan, bukan secara harfiah tanpa cahaya. Ini adalah penggunaan metaforis yang umum di tingkat C2.
Ungkapan 'jalan gelap' dalam percakapan sehari-hari selalu berarti rute yang tidak diterangi lampu.
Selain rute fisik yang tidak diterangi, 'jalan gelap' bisa juga merujuk pada jalan hidup yang salah, tindakan ilegal, atau cara yang tidak etis untuk mencapai sesuatu, yang merupakan interpretasi C2.
Ketika seseorang mengeluh, 'Hati saya gelap,' itu berarti mereka merasa sangat sedih atau putus asa.
'Hati saya gelap' adalah ungkapan idiomatik yang menunjukkan perasaan sedih mendalam, keputusasaan, atau bahkan kemarahan yang mendalam, sesuai dengan pemahaman bahasa tingkat C2.
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