When you 결근하다, it means you are absent from work. This word is specifically used for professional settings, like when you don't go to your job. It's different from just not showing up somewhere casually. You might use this word if you're sick and can't go to the office, or if you have a personal emergency that prevents you from working that day. It implies an expected presence at work that isn't met.
When discussing absence from work in Korean, a common and polite way to express it is by using the verb 결근하다 (gyeolgeunhada). This verb directly translates to "to be absent from work" or "to miss work." It's often used in more formal or professional contexts.
For example, if you need to inform your workplace that you will be absent, you might say "내일 결근하겠습니다" (Naeil gyeolgeunhagetseupnida), meaning "I will be absent from work tomorrow." You can also use it to explain someone else's absence, such as "김 선생님은 어제 결근했어요" (Kim seonsaengnim-eun eoje gyeolgeunhaesseoyo), which means "Mr. Kim was absent yesterday." Using 결근하다 demonstrates a clear and direct way to communicate work-related absences.
When discussing absence from work in Korean, 결근하다 (gyeolgeunhada) is the most direct and commonly used verb. It literally means 'to be absent from work' or 'to miss work'. You might use this when an employee doesn't show up for their job. For instance, if someone is sick and can't come in, you could say 그가 오늘 결근했어요 (geuga 오늘 gyeolgeunhaesseoyo) – 'He was absent from work today.'
While similar in meaning, it's distinct from being absent from school (결석하다 - gyeolsseokhada). This word is specifically for a work context, implying a professional obligation. It's a straightforward term, so there aren't many complex nuances beyond its primary meaning.
결근하다 in 30 Sekunden
- 결근하다 means to miss work.
- Use it when someone doesn't show up for their job.
- It's a common term in workplaces.
§ Korean Verb: 결근하다
- DEFINITION
- To be absent from work; to skip work.
The verb 결근하다 (gyeolgeunhada) is used specifically when someone is absent from their job or workplace. It's a formal way to say you're not showing up for work.
김철수 씨는 오늘 결근했습니다. (Mr. Kim Cheol-su was absent from work today.)
몸이 아파서 결근하고 싶어요. (My body hurts, so I want to be absent from work.)
무단 결근은 회사에 큰 문제를 일으킬 수 있습니다. (Unauthorized absence from work can cause big problems for the company.)
§ Similar Words and When to Use Them
Korean has several ways to talk about not being somewhere. Let's look at some words similar to 결근하다 and when you should use them instead.
- 결석하다 (gyeolseokhada)
This verb means 'to be absent from school/class'. Just like 결근하다 is for work, 결석하다 is specifically for educational settings. If you're talking about a student not attending class, this is the word to use.
학생이 어제 수업에 결석했습니다. (The student was absent from class yesterday.)
- 빠지다 (ppajida)
This is a more general verb meaning 'to miss', 'to be absent from', or 'to be left out'. You can use it in many contexts, including work or school, but it's less formal than 결근하다 or 결석하다. It can imply missing something voluntarily or involuntarily.
회식에 빠지고 싶어요. (I want to miss the company dinner.)
오늘 운동에 빠지지 마세요. (Don't miss today's exercise.)
- 안 나오다 (an naoda)
This literally means 'not to come out' or 'not to show up'. It's very common and informal. You can use it for work, school, meetings, or any event where someone was expected to appear. It's a simple, straightforward way to express absence without the formality of 결근하다 or 결석하다.
그 친구가 모임에 안 나왔어요. (That friend didn't show up for the meeting.)
오늘은 회사에 안 나갈 거예요. (I'm not going to go to the company today.)
§ Choosing the Right Word
So, when should you use 결근하다?
- Use 결근하다 when you are specifically talking about being absent from work or a job, in a relatively formal context. Think about official company communications or formal reports.
- Use 결석하다 when talking about being absent from school or a class.
- Use 빠지다 for a general sense of 'missing' or 'being absent from' an event or activity, often less formal.
- Use 안 나오다 for a very casual, everyday way to say someone 'didn't show up' or 'won't come' to any place or event.
Understanding these nuances will help you sound more natural and precise in your Korean. Keep practicing, and you'll get the hang of it!
Beispiele nach Niveau
그는 어제 회사에 결근했어요.
He was absent from work yesterday.
Past tense of '결근하다'.
몸이 안 좋아서 오늘 결근할 거예요.
I'm not feeling well, so I will be absent from work today.
Future tense with '-(으)ㄹ 거예요'.
결근하면 안 돼요.
You should not be absent from work.
Prohibition with '-으면 안 돼요'.
잦은 결근은 좋지 않아요.
Frequent absences from work are not good.
'잦은' (frequent) modifying '결근' (absence).
그는 한 달에 한 번 결근해요.
He is absent from work once a month.
'한 달에 한 번' (once a month).
오늘은 결근하고 싶어요.
I want to be absent from work today.
Desire with '-고 싶어요'.
내일은 결근하지 않을 거예요.
I will not be absent from work tomorrow.
Negative future tense with '-지 않을 거예요'.
왜 결근했어요?
Why were you absent from work?
Question with '왜' (why).
그는 어제 감기 때문에 결근했어요.
He was absent from work yesterday due to a cold.
A common way to express a reason for being absent is to use '-때문에' (because of).
회의에 참석해야 하는데 결근할 수 없어요.
I have to attend the meeting, so I can't be absent from work.
'-ㄹ 수 없다' means 'cannot' or 'it is impossible to'.
갑작스러운 가족 행사로 인해 결근하게 되었습니다.
I ended up being absent from work due to a sudden family event.
'-게 되다' indicates that a situation or event happened due to circumstances beyond one's control.
몸이 안 좋으면 무리하지 말고 결근하세요.
If you're not feeling well, don't overdo it and be absent from work.
'-면' means 'if'. The imperative ending '-세요' is used for polite commands.
동료가 휴가를 가서 제가 대신 결근 신청을 처리했어요.
My colleague went on vacation, so I processed their absence request instead.
'-대신' means 'instead of' or 'on behalf of'.
잦은 결근은 회사 생활에 좋지 않아요.
Frequent absence from work is not good for company life.
The adjective '잦은' means 'frequent' or 'often'.
사장님께 결근 사유를 솔직하게 말씀드렸어요.
I honestly told the boss the reason for my absence.
'-께' is an honorific particle for 'to' a person, often used with higher-ranking individuals.
그는 이번 주에만 두 번 결근했어요.
He was absent from work twice just this week.
'-만' means 'only' or 'just'. '두 번' means 'twice'.
그는 몸이 안 좋아서 이틀 연속 결근했어요.
He was sick, so he was absent from work for two consecutive days.
연속 (consecutive) modifies 결근했어요.
중요한 회의가 있는데 부득이하게 결근하게 되었습니다.
There's an important meeting, but I unavoidably have to be absent from work.
부득이하게 (unavoidably) indicates the reason for absence.
잦은 결근은 인사고과에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.
Frequent absences from work can negatively impact performance reviews.
잦은 (frequent) describes the type of absence.
그 직원은 어떠한 설명도 없이 계속 결근하고 있습니다.
That employee keeps being absent from work without any explanation.
어떠한 설명도 없이 (without any explanation) specifies the condition of absence.
어제는 급한 개인 사정으로 인해 잠시 결근했습니다.
Yesterday, I was briefly absent from work due to urgent personal reasons.
개인 사정으로 인해 (due to personal reasons) explains the cause.
만약 결근해야 한다면 미리 상사에게 알려야 합니다.
If you have to be absent from work, you should inform your boss in advance.
미리 (in advance) specifies the timing of notification.
그녀는 아이가 아파서 어쩔 수 없이 결근했어요.
She couldn't help but be absent from work because her child was sick.
어쩔 수 없이 (couldn't help but) implies an unavoidable situation.
오늘 아침에 눈이 많이 와서 많은 사람들이 결근했어요.
Many people were absent from work this morning because it snowed a lot.
눈이 많이 와서 (because it snowed a lot) gives the reason for absence.
Grammatikmuster
Satzmuster
[Subject] 결근했어요.
[Subject] 결근할 거예요.
[Subject] [reason] 때문에 결근했어요.
[Subject] [duration] 동안 결근했어요.
[Subject] [reason]으로 인해 결근했어요.
[Subject] [department/team]에 결근 통보를 했어요.
[Subject]은/는 [reason]으로 결근이 불가피했어요.
[Subject]이/가 [action]하지 않으면 결근으로 처리됩니다.
Wortfamilie
Substantive
Teste dich selbst 66 Fragen
Choose the correct Korean word for 'to be absent from work'.
결근하다 (gyeolgeunhada) means 'to be absent from work'. 출근하다 means 'to go to work', 퇴근하다 means 'to leave work', and 야근하다 means 'to work overtime'.
Which sentence means 'I was absent from work yesterday'?
어제 (eoje) means 'yesterday'. 결근했어요 (gyeolgeunhaesseoyo) is the past tense of 결근하다, meaning 'was absent from work'.
What is the opposite of 결근하다 (to be absent from work)?
출근하다 (chulgeunhada) means 'to go to work', which is the opposite of being absent from work. 퇴근하다 means 'to leave work', 쉬다 means 'to rest', and 아프다 means 'to be sick'.
결근하다 means 'to go to work'.
결근하다 (gyeolgeunhada) means 'to be absent from work', not 'to go to work'.
If you are sick and cannot go to your job, you would use '결근하다'.
Yes, '결근하다' (gyeolgeunhada) is the correct word to use when you are absent from work, for example, due to illness.
You can use 결근하다 when you finish work for the day.
No, you would use 퇴근하다 (to leave work) when you finish work for the day. 결근하다 means 'to be absent from work'.
This sentence means 'I don't go to school.' In Korean, the subject usually comes first, followed by the place, then the negative particle '안', and finally the verb.
This sentence means 'I drink coffee.' The common Korean sentence structure is Subject-Object-Verb.
This sentence means 'This is a book.' '이것은' means 'this is' and '책입니다' means 'a book'.
He was absent from work today.
Why were you absent from work?
I was absent from work because I was not feeling well.
Read this aloud:
결근하다
Focus: 결근하다
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Read this aloud:
내일 결근할 거예요.
Focus: 결근할 거예요
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Read this aloud:
회사에 결근 사실을 알려야 해요.
Focus: 결근 사실을
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피곤해서 회사에 ___ 싶어요.
The sentence implies wanting to be absent due to tiredness, so '결근하고' (to be absent) is the correct fit. '출근하고' (to go to work), '퇴근하고' (to leave work), and '야근하고' (to work overtime) do not fit the context.
몸이 안 좋으면 무리하지 말고 ___ 쉬세요.
If you are not feeling well, it's advisable to not overdo it and rest by being absent from work. Therefore, '결근해서' (by being absent from work) is the appropriate choice.
내일 중요한 회의가 있어서 ___ 안 돼요.
With an important meeting tomorrow, being absent ('결근하면') is not allowed. The other options do not make sense in this context.
너무 아파서 회사에 결근했어요. (I was too sick, so I went to work.)
'결근했어요' means 'I was absent from work', so the English translation 'I went to work' is incorrect.
개인적인 사정으로 이번 주 월요일에 결근할 예정입니다. (Due to personal reasons, I plan to be absent from work this Monday.)
The Korean sentence correctly translates to the English statement, indicating an intention to be absent from work.
오늘은 중요한 발표가 있어서 절대 결근하면 안 돼요. (Today there's an important presentation, so I absolutely must not be absent from work.)
The Korean sentence accurately conveys the meaning of not being allowed to be absent due to an important presentation, matching the English translation.
Imagine you need to tell your manager you can't come to work today. Write a short message explaining why, using '결근하다'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
팀장님, 안녕하세요. 제가 오늘 개인적인 사정으로 인해 회사에 결근하게 되었습니다. 불편을 드려 죄송합니다.
Your friend was absent from work yesterday. Write a short sentence asking why.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
너 어제 회사에 왜 결근했어?
Write a sentence stating that someone often misses work.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
그는 회사에 자주 결근해요.
김민수 씨가 회사에 결근한 이유는 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
김민수 씨는 지난주에 독감 때문에 이틀 동안 회사에 결근했습니다. 그는 항상 성실하게 일하는 직원이지만, 이번에는 어쩔 수 없었습니다. 동료들은 그의 빠른 쾌유를 빌었습니다.
김민수 씨가 회사에 결근한 이유는 무엇입니까?
지문에 '독감 때문에 이틀 동안 회사에 결근했습니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다. (He was absent from work for two days last week because of the flu.)
지문에 '독감 때문에 이틀 동안 회사에 결근했습니다'라고 명시되어 있습니다. (He was absent from work for two days last week because of the flu.)
이 글에 따르면, 회사에 결근할 때 무엇을 해야 합니까?
Read this passage:
우리 회사에서는 무단 결근을 엄격하게 금지합니다. 만약 결근해야 할 경우, 사전에 담당자에게 연락해야 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 불이익을 받을 수 있습니다.
이 글에 따르면, 회사에 결근할 때 무엇을 해야 합니까?
지문에 '만약 결근해야 할 경우, 사전에 담당자에게 연락해야 합니다'라고 나와 있습니다. (If you need to be absent from work, you must contact the person in charge in advance.)
지문에 '만약 결근해야 할 경우, 사전에 담당자에게 연락해야 합니다'라고 나와 있습니다. (If you need to be absent from work, you must contact the person in charge in advance.)
새로운 직원의 결근은 팀에 어떤 영향을 주었습니까?
Read this passage:
새로운 직원은 첫 달에 세 번이나 결근했습니다. 이것은 팀의 업무 효율성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤습니다. 매니저는 그 직원과 상담하여 문제 해결을 도모해야 했습니다.
새로운 직원의 결근은 팀에 어떤 영향을 주었습니까?
지문에 '팀의 업무 효율성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤습니다'라고 쓰여 있습니다. (This had a negative impact on the team's work efficiency.)
지문에 '팀의 업무 효율성에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤습니다'라고 쓰여 있습니다. (This had a negative impact on the team's work efficiency.)
This sentence means 'He was absent from work today.' The subject comes first, followed by the time, and then the verb.
This sentence means 'I can't be absent from work because I'm sick.' The reason (몸이 아파서) comes first, followed by the negative ability (결근할 수 없습니다).
This sentence means 'Don't be absent from work often.' The adverb '자주' (often) modifies the action '결근 하지 마세요' (don't be absent from work).
He was absent from an important meeting.
Frequent absences can negatively affect performance reviews.
I don't feel well, so I think I'll have to be absent from work today.
Read this aloud:
만약 몸이 아프다면 결근하는 것이 현명한 선택입니다.
Focus: 결근하는 것이
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Read this aloud:
그는 무단으로 결근하여 회사에서 징계를 받았습니다.
Focus: 무단으로 결근하여
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Read this aloud:
동료가 결근해서 업무량이 두 배로 늘었어요.
Focus: 업무량이 두 배로 늘었어요
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Imagine you had to miss an important meeting at work. Write a short email (3-4 sentences) to your manager explaining your absence. Make sure to use the word '결근하다' correctly and politely.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
안녕하세요, [매니저 이름]님. 오늘 아침 갑작스러운 일로 인해 결근하게 되어 죄송합니다. 중요한 회의에 참석하지 못해 송구스럽습니다. 최대한 빨리 상황을 정리하고 업무에 복귀하도록 하겠습니다. 양해해 주셔서 감사합니다.
You are discussing a colleague who frequently misses work. Write a few sentences (2-3) expressing your concern about their frequent '결근하다' and its impact on the team.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
요즘 [동료 이름] 씨가 자주 결근해서 걱정이에요. 팀 전체의 업무에도 지장을 주는 것 같아서 염려됩니다. 무슨 일이 있는 건 아닌지 모르겠네요.
Write a short paragraph (3-4 sentences) about a time you or someone you know had to '결근하다' due to an unexpected event. Describe the situation and how it was handled.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
작년에 친구가 중요한 프레젠테이션 날에 갑자기 아파서 결근해야 했어요. 다행히 다른 팀원이 대신 발표를 해주어서 큰 문제는 없었지만, 친구는 정말 미안해했죠. 예상치 못한 상황에 결근하게 되는 경우가 종종 발생하는 것 같아요.
김민수 씨는 왜 어제 회사에 가지 않았습니까?
Read this passage:
김민수 씨는 어제 중요한 프로젝트 마감일이었음에도 불구하고 회사에 결근했습니다. 팀원들은 그의 갑작스러운 부재에 당황했지만, 다행히 미리 업무 분담이 잘 되어 있어서 큰 차질 없이 일을 마무리할 수 있었습니다. 김민수 씨는 오늘 아침 팀장님께 개인적인 사정으로 인해 어제 결근하게 되었다고 정중히 설명했습니다.
김민수 씨는 왜 어제 회사에 가지 않았습니까?
'김민수 씨는 오늘 아침 팀장님께 개인적인 사정으로 인해 어제 결근하게 되었다고 정중히 설명했습니다.'라는 문장에서 정답을 찾을 수 있습니다.
'김민수 씨는 오늘 아침 팀장님께 개인적인 사정으로 인해 어제 결근하게 되었다고 정중히 설명했습니다.'라는 문장에서 정답을 찾을 수 있습니다.
회사가 결근율을 줄이기 위해 모색하는 방안이 아닌 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
회사에서는 직원들의 결근율을 줄이기 위해 다양한 방안을 모색하고 있습니다. 스트레스 관리 프로그램 도입이나 유연 근무제 확대 등이 그 예시입니다. 하지만 가장 중요한 것은 직원들이 건강하게 일할 수 있는 환경을 조성하는 것이라고 생각합니다.
회사가 결근율을 줄이기 위해 모색하는 방안이 아닌 것은 무엇입니까?
지문에서 '스트레스 관리 프로그램 도입이나 유연 근무제 확대 등이 그 예시입니다.'라고 언급되었으며, 급여 인상은 직접적으로 언급되지 않았습니다.
지문에서 '스트레스 관리 프로그램 도입이나 유연 근무제 확대 등이 그 예시입니다.'라고 언급되었으며, 급여 인상은 직접적으로 언급되지 않았습니다.
이 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은 무엇입니까?
Read this passage:
잦은 결근은 개인의 업무 성과뿐만 아니라 팀 전체의 사기에도 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다. 특히 중요한 시기에 결근이 발생하면 프로젝트 진행에 큰 어려움을 겪게 됩니다. 따라서 불가피한 결근의 경우, 사전에 충분히 알리고 업무 인수인계를 철저히 하는 것이 중요합니다.
이 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은 무엇입니까?
지문에서 '잦은 결근은 개인의 업무 성과뿐만 아니라 팀 전체의 사기에도 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
지문에서 '잦은 결근은 개인의 업무 성과뿐만 아니라 팀 전체의 사기에도 부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.'라고 명시되어 있습니다.
He was excluded from promotion due to frequent absences.
Due to a sudden family event, he had to be absent from work yesterday.
If you submit an absence request, it can be processed as sick leave.
Read this aloud:
몸이 안 좋아서 내일 결근해야 할 것 같아요.
Focus: 결근해야
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
만약 결근하게 되면 미리 팀장님께 알려야 합니다.
Focus: 알려야 합니다
Du hast gesagt:
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Read this aloud:
잦은 결근은 회사 생활에 좋지 않은 영향을 미칠 수 있습니다.
Focus: 미칠 수 있습니다
Du hast gesagt:
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Choose the most appropriate sentence using '결근하다'.
결근하다 implies absence from work due to a valid reason, often illness or a serious personal matter. Option D provides a clear and common reason for absence.
Which of the following situations would most likely involve someone '결근하다'?
결근하다 specifically refers to being absent from work, often unexpectedly or due to unforeseen circumstances. A family emergency fits this context best.
Select the sentence where '결근하다' is used incorrectly.
While one might take a day off for studying, '결근하다' usually implies an absence from work that is reported and often for a more serious or unavoidable reason than personal study. It suggests an official absence from one's job duties, not merely choosing not to work.
If someone '결근하다', it always means they are taking a planned vacation day.
결근하다 refers to being absent from work, which can include planned leave but more often implies an unplanned absence due to illness, emergency, or other unexpected reasons, rather than a vacation.
'결근하다' can be used when a student misses school.
'결근하다' specifically applies to being absent from work or one's job. When a student misses school, the term '결석하다' (to be absent from school/class) is used.
If you '결근하다' without prior notice, it could lead to disciplinary action at work.
In most professional settings, being absent from work ('결근하다') without proper notice or a valid reason can indeed result in disciplinary action. This statement reflects common workplace policies.
This sentence describes someone missing an important meeting because they were absent from work. '그는' (he) is the subject, '어제' (yesterday) is the time, '결근하여' (being absent) is the reason, and '중요한 회의를 놓쳤다' (missed an important meeting) is the consequence.
This sentence explains the negative impact of repeated absenteeism on work performance. '반복적인 결근은' (repeated absence) is the subject, '업무 성과에' (on work performance) is the target, and '부정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있다' (can have a negative impact) is the verb phrase.
This sentence describes a team leader contacting an absent employee to check on their situation. '팀장이' (the team leader) is the subject, '결근한 직원에게' (to the absent employee) is the recipient, '연락하여' (contacted) is the action, and '상황을 확인했다' (checked the situation) is the outcome.
/ 66 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
결근하다 is a straightforward verb used to express being absent from work.
- 결근하다 means to miss work.
- Use it when someone doesn't show up for their job.
- It's a common term in workplaces.
Beispiel
몸이 안 좋아서 오늘 회사에 결근했습니다.
Verwandte Inhalte
Mehr work Wörter
주 5일제
A2A system where one works five days a week, typically Monday to Friday.
결근
A2Absence from work; not being present at work.
추상적이다
A2To be abstract.
출입증
A2ID card, access card.
회계
B1The systematic recording and reporting of financial transactions.
경리
A2Accounting or bookkeeping, managing financial records.
업적
B1A notable achievement or accomplishment.
적극적이다
A2To be active, to be proactive.
적극적으로
B1In an active, proactive, or enthusiastic manner.
~은 후에
A2After (doing something).
