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A2 verb #3,500 am häufigsten 10 Min. Lesezeit

分散

fēn sàn Top 3,500

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At the A1 level, you only need to know the simplest meaning of 分散 (fēnsàn): people moving away from each other. Imagine a group of friends standing together, and then everyone walks to their own homes. That is 'fēnsàn.' You can think of it as 'not together anymore.' Teachers might use it when telling kids to go play in different parts of the room. It is a basic action word for 'spreading out.' You don't need to worry about complex business or psychological meanings yet. Just remember: Group -> Many directions -> 分散.

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At the A2 level, you should start using 分散 (fēnsàn) in the context of concentration and attention. The most important phrase to learn is 分散注意力 (fēnsàn zhùyìlì), which means 'to distract attention.' If you are studying and someone starts playing music, that music 'fēnsàn' your attention. You also see this word when describing where things are located, like 'shops are scattered across the street.' It's about things not being in one single spot.

At the B1 level, you can use 分散 (fēnsàn) in more professional and logical contexts. This is where the idea of 'diversifying' comes in. In a business discussion, you might talk about 分散风险 (fēnsàn fēngxiǎn), which means spreading out risk so you don't lose everything at once. You should also be able to use it as an adjective to describe a 'decentralized' or 'scattered' arrangement, such as 分散的村庄 (scattered villages). Your sentences can become longer, using adverbs like 'gradually' or 'quickly' with the verb.

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At the B2 level, you should understand the nuance between 分散 (fēnsàn) and similar words like 疏散 (evacuate) or 扩散 (diffuse). You can use fēnsàn to discuss social and political topics, such as the decentralization of government power (权力分散). You should be comfortable using the 'bǎ' (把) construction: 把精力分散在太多事情上 (spreading energy over too many things). You understand that fēnsàn can be both a physical action and a conceptual strategy.

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At the C1 level, 分散 (fēnsàn) appears in academic and literary texts. You might encounter it in physics (the dispersion of particles) or sociology (the dispersion of ethnic groups). You can use it to describe abstract states of existence, like a person's 'fragmented identity' or 'scattered thoughts' in a poetic way. You are expected to use the word with high precision, choosing it over synonyms to convey a specific type of multi-directional movement or lack of central control. You also recognize it in formal idioms and four-character phrases.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete grasp of 分散 (fēnsàn) in all its metaphorical and technical glory. You can use it in high-level discussions about network architecture (distributed systems), complex financial engineering (risk dispersion models), or philosophical debates about the 'centered' vs 'decentered' self. You can play with the word in creative writing to describe how light, sound, or even memories scatter over time. You understand the historical evolution of the characters and how the concept of 'dispersion' has shaped Chinese thought on management and social organization.

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分散 in 30 Sekunden

分散 (fēnsàn) means to scatter, disperse, or decentralize, moving from a concentrated state to a distributed one.
It is commonly used for crowds dispersing, distracting attention (分散注意力), and diversifying financial risk.
Grammatically, it acts as a verb (transitive/intransitive) or an adjective describing a scattered state.
It is the opposite of 集中 (jízhōng - to concentrate) and differs from 疏散 (evacuate) which implies danger.

The Chinese verb 分散 (fēnsàn) is a multifaceted term that primarily describes the act of moving from a concentrated state to a distributed one. At its core, the word is composed of two characters: 分 (fēn), meaning 'to divide' or 'to separate,' and 散 (sàn), meaning 'to scatter' or 'to loosen.' When combined, they create a powerful concept of dispersion that applies to physical objects, people, abstract concepts like attention, and even financial assets. In everyday life, you might use this word when a crowd breaks up after a concert, or when a teacher tells students not to let their attention drift during a long lecture. It is a word that balances the physical movement of objects with the psychological movement of focus.

Physical Dispersion: This refers to the literal movement of entities away from a central point. For instance, when a flock of birds takes flight or when seeds are blown by the wind, they are undergoing a process of fēnsàn. It is commonly used in police work or crowd control to describe the thinning out of a gathering to prevent congestion or danger.
Abstract Distribution: Beyond the physical, fēnsàn is frequently used to describe the scattering of focus, energy, or resources. In a psychological context, it describes the state of being distracted. If your mind is on your phone, your homework, and the TV all at once, your attention is fēnsàn. In management, it refers to the decentralization of power or responsibility across different departments.

下课后，学生们迅速分散到了操场的各个角落。(After class, the students quickly dispersed to various corners of the playground.)

In the modern digital age, this word has taken on new life in the context of data and networking. Distributed computing or decentralized networks are often discussed using the concept of fēnsàn. Similarly, in the financial world, the phrase 分散投资 (fēnsàn tóuzī)—meaning to diversify investments—is a cornerstone of risk management. By spreading money across different stocks or assets, an investor ensures that their risk is not concentrated in one place, effectively 'scattering' the potential for loss.

为了降低风险，我们应该分散资金。(To reduce risk, we should diversify/disperse our funds.)

Social Contexts: In social settings, the word can describe the breaking up of a group. If a party ends and people leave in different directions, they are fēnsàn. It can also describe the settlement patterns of people, such as 'scattered villages' (分散的村庄).

Understanding fēnsàn requires recognizing its neutral to positive connotation in technical contexts (like diversification) versus its potentially negative connotation in focus-related contexts (like distraction). It is a word about the spatial and conceptual relationship between the 'one' and the 'many,' the 'center' and the 'periphery.'

噪音太大了，容易分散我的注意力。(The noise is too loud; it easily distracts my attention.)

Using 分散 (fēnsàn) correctly involves understanding its role as both a transitive and intransitive verb, as well as its common collocations. In its simplest form, it describes the movement of subjects away from each other. However, its most frequent use in modern Mandarin involves the 'scattering' of non-physical entities like attention or risk. Here, we will break down the grammatical structures that make this word work across various contexts.

Structure 1: Subject + 分散 (Intransitive): When a group or a mass of objects spreads out on its own, we use fēnsàn without a direct object. Example: 人群分散了 (The crowd dispersed). This is common in news reporting or descriptions of nature.
Structure 2: 分散 + Object (Transitive): In this pattern, an agent causes something else to scatter. The most iconic example is 分散注意力 (to distract attention). Another common one is 分散风险 (to spread/diversify risk). Here, the word acts as a functional action performed on a specific target.

警察试图分散聚集的人群。(The police tried to disperse the gathered crowd.)

A more advanced usage involves the passive voice or the 'bǎ' (把) construction. For example, 把资金分散到不同的项目里 (to spread funds into different projects). This emphasizes the deliberate action of the agent in distributing the resources. In academic or technical writing, fēnsàn is often used to describe the distribution of data points or the layout of a network.

这些工厂分散在城市的各个郊区。(These factories are scattered across various suburbs of the city.)

Structure 3: Adjectival Usage: While primarily a verb, fēnsàn can function like an adjective to describe a state. For instance, 分散的居住地 (scattered residences). In this case, it describes a non-centralized or non-dense arrangement.

When discussing focus, fēnsàn is the opposite of jízhōng (集中 - to concentrate). If you say 我的精力很分散, you mean your energy is spread too thin across too many tasks. This is a very common way to express feeling overwhelmed or lacking focus in a professional or academic environment.

不要让这些琐事分散了你的目标。(Don't let these trifles distract you from your goal.)

The word 分散 (fēnsàn) permeates several layers of Chinese society, from formal government broadcasts to casual conversations about productivity. Depending on where you are, the nuance of the word shifts slightly. Here are the most common environments where you will encounter it.

In the News and Media: Journalists use fēnsàn to describe geopolitical shifts or economic trends. You might hear about 'decentralized industries' or the 'dispersion of refugees.' During emergencies, news reports will mention how the population has been fēnsàn (evacuated/dispersed) to safer areas. It carries a tone of objective reporting here.
In Schools and Academic Settings: Teachers are perhaps the most frequent users of this word in a negative sense. They often warn students: “不要分散注意力！” (Don't let your attention wander!). In scientific contexts, professors might discuss the dispersion of light (光的色散, a related term) or the distribution of samples in a statistical set.

新闻报道说人群已经分散，交通恢复了正常。(The news reported that the crowd has dispersed and traffic has returned to normal.)

In the business world, fēnsàn is a strategic term. During a board meeting, a manager might suggest 分散风险 (diversifying risk) by entering new markets. This is seen as a wise, protective measure. Conversely, if a manager says the company's resources are 太分散了 (too scattered), they are criticizing a lack of focus that might be hurting the bottom line.

投资时，通过分散投资组合，可以有效降低损失。(When investing, by diversifying the portfolio, one can effectively reduce losses.)

In Literature and Art: Authors might use fēnsàn to describe a character's state of mind or the physical layout of a village. It can evoke a sense of loneliness or lack of unity, such as 分散的家人们 (scattered family members who are living apart).

Finally, in urban planning, you'll hear about 分散城市功能 (decentralizing urban functions). This refers to moving government offices or industries out of a crowded city center to satellite towns to relieve pressure on infrastructure.

由于战争，这个家族的成员分散到了世界各地。(Due to the war, members of this family were scattered all over the world.)

While 分散 (fēnsàn) is a versatile word, English speakers often trip up on its specific nuances compared to English words like 'separate,' 'divide,' or 'distract.' Understanding these pitfalls will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid confusing your listeners.

Mistake 1: Confusing '分散' with '分开' (fēnkāi): While both words involve separation, 分开 usually implies a clean break between two things (like a couple breaking up or cutting a cake in half). 分散 implies a more chaotic or multi-directional scattering. You wouldn't say a couple 'fēnsàn' unless they literally ran away in ten different directions.
Mistake 2: Overusing it for 'Distraction': In English, we often say 'I am distracted.' A common mistake is to say “我很分散”. In Chinese, you must specify what is being scattered—usually your attention (注意力) or energy (精力). The correct form is “我的注意力被分散了”.

错误：我们分散了。(We separated/broke up.)
正确：我们分开了。(We separated/broke up.)

Another error is using fēnsàn for the act of walking or strolling, confusing it with 散步 (sànbù). Because both contain the character 散, beginners sometimes mix them up. Remember: sànbù is a leisure activity; fēnsàn is a structural or spatial change.

错误：老师把书分散给了学生。(The teacher dispersed the books to the students.)
正确：老师把书分发给了学生。(The teacher distributed the books to the students.)

Mistake 3: Misapplying '分散' to Physical Breaking: If a vase falls and breaks into pieces, we use 打碎 (dǎsuì), not 分散. Fēnsàn is about the distribution of whole units (people, money, attention), not the destruction of a single object into fragments.

Finally, be careful with the tone of 散. In fēnsàn, it is usually 4th tone (sàn), but in some contexts, 散 can be 3rd tone (sǎn), meaning 'loose' or 'powder.' Always stick to the 4th tone for the verb 'to disperse.'

错误：他的话很分散。(His words are dispersed - doesn't make sense.)
正确：他的话很零散。(His words are fragmentary/scattered.)

In Chinese, there are several words that touch upon the idea of scattering or separating. Choosing the right one depends on the context—whether you are talking about an emergency evacuation, a deliberate distribution of resources, or a messy pile of things. Let's compare 分散 (fēnsàn) with its closest cousins.

分散 (fēnsàn) vs. 疏散 (shūsàn): 分散 is a general term for scattering or diversifying. 疏散 is specifically used for 'evacuation' in the face of danger (like fire or war). If a building is on fire, you shūsàn the people. If a meeting ends, the people fēnsàn.
分散 (fēnsàn) vs. 扩散 (kuòsàn): 扩散 means 'to spread' or 'to diffuse,' like a smell in a room or a virus in a population. It implies an expansion from a source. 分散 implies moving away from a center but not necessarily expanding in volume.

比较：
1. 烟雾在空气中扩散。(Smoke diffuses in the air.)
2. 人群向四周分散。(The crowd dispersed in all directions.)

Another word often confused is 分布 (fēnbù), which means 'to be distributed.' The key difference is that fēnbù describes a static state (e.g., 'Coal is distributed in the north'), while fēnsàn often describes the action of moving into that state or a lack of concentration.

为了安全，居民们被疏散到了邻村。(For safety, the residents were evacuated to the neighboring village.)

分散 (fēnsàn) vs. 零散 (língsǎn): 零散 is an adjective meaning 'fragmentary' or 'scattered' (like loose change or odd bits of information). Use this for things that are naturally messy or disconnected. Use fēnsàn for the process of things being moved apart.

In summary, use 分散 for: moving crowds, distracting attention, and diversifying risk. Use other words for: breaking up (分开), emergency evacuation (疏散), and spreading viruses (扩散).

他的时间被各种小事分散了。(His time was fragmented/dispersed by various small tasks.)

How Formal Is It?

Wusstest du?

The character 散 also appears in 'sànbù' (to walk/stroll) because walking for leisure is seen as 'scattering' your steps and loosening your mood.

Aussprachehilfe

UK /fən sæn/

US /fən sæn/

Equal stress on both syllables, but the 4th tone on 'sàn' makes it sound slightly more emphatic.

Reimt sich auf

真 (zhēn) 门 (mén) 身 (shēn) 站 (zhàn) 饭 (fàn) 看 (kàn) 慢 (màn) 乱 (luàn)

Häufige Fehler

Pronouncing 'sàn' with the 3rd tone (sǎn), which means 'loose' instead of 'scatter'.
Using the 1st tone for 'sàn', making it sound like 'mountain' (shān) or another word.
Failing to make the 1st tone of 'fēn' high enough.
Muddling the 'n' sound at the end of both syllables.
Pronouncing 'fēn' like 'fèn' (4th tone), which changes the meaning to 'part' or 'anger'.

Schwierigkeitsgrad

Lesen 2/5

The characters are common, but the abstract meanings require context clues.

Schreiben 3/5

The character '散' has many strokes and is easy to miswrite.

Sprechen 2/5

Easy to pronounce once the 4th tone is mastered.

Hören 2/5

Commonly heard in classrooms and news, so it's easy to recognize.

Was du als Nächstes lernen solltest

Voraussetzungen

分散注意风险人

Als Nächstes lernen

集中疏散扩散分布分配

Fortgeschritten

去中心化多元化离散数学光谱色散

Wichtige Grammatik

The Resultative Complement '开' (kāi)

人群分散开了。(The crowd spread out.)

The 'bǎ' (把) Construction for distribution

把风险分散到不同领域。

Adverbial usage with '地' (de)

他们分散地坐在草地上。

Contrast with '集中' (jízhōng)

与其集中火力，不如分散进攻。

Passive voice with '被' (bèi)

我的注意力被噪音分散了。

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Beispiele nach Niveau

学生们分散了。

The students dispersed.

Simple Subject + Verb structure.

小鸟向四周分散。

The little birds scattered in all directions.

Using '向...分散' to show direction.

大家分散坐下。

Everyone sat down in scattered places.

分散 used as an adverbial here.

雨后，人群分散了。

After the rain, the crowd dispersed.

Time phrase + Subject + Verb.

他们分散在花园里。

They are scattered in the garden.

分散 + 在 + Location.

不要分散！

Don't scatter!

Imperative sentence with negation.

我们分散去找他。

We dispersed to look for him.

Serial verb construction.

羊群分散在山上。

The flock of sheep is scattered on the mountain.

Subject + Verb + Prepositional Phrase.

看电视会分散你的注意力。

Watching TV will distract your attention.

Standard 'distract attention' collocation.

这些房子分散在山谷里。

These houses are scattered in the valley.

Describing spatial distribution.

我们要分散开来找。

We need to spread out and search.

Using '开来' to emphasize the spreading action.

这里的商店很分散。

The shops here are very scattered.

Using '很' to modify the state.

他分散了他的精力。

He scattered his energy.

Abstract usage of energy.

请不要分散大家的精神。

Please don't distract everyone's spirit/focus.

Using '精神' as the object.

人口分散在农村。

The population is scattered in the countryside.

Sociological context.

他的注意力很容易分散。

His attention is easily distracted.

Subject (Attention) + Adverb + Verb.

投资时，分散风险很重要。

When investing, diversifying risk is important.

Business collocation: 分散风险.

为了安全，我们把人群分散了。

For safety, we dispersed the crowd.

把 construction.

他的财产分散在好几个银行。

His assets are scattered across several banks.

Financial context.

这种植物的种子靠风分散。

The seeds of this plant are dispersed by the wind.

Biological context.

公司决定分散管理权。

The company decided to decentralize management power.

Management context.

这些小岛分散在太平洋上。

These small islands are scattered in the Pacific Ocean.

Geographical context.

不要把精力分散在琐事上。

Don't scatter your energy on trifles.

把...分散在...上 structure.

警察用催泪瓦斯分散了示威者。

Police used tear gas to disperse the protesters.

Instrumental usage (using something to disperse).

该政策旨在分散大城市的人口压力。

The policy aims to disperse the population pressure of big cities.

Formal verb usage '旨在' (aims to).

光线经过棱镜后会发生分散。

Light will disperse after passing through a prism.

Scientific context (physics).

他的思想非常分散，没有核心观点。

His thoughts are very scattered, lacking a core viewpoint.

Metaphorical usage for intellectual lack of focus.

这种布局分散了攻击者的注意力。

This layout distracted the attacker's attention.

Strategic context.

我们应该采取分散经营的策略。

We should adopt a strategy of decentralized operations.

Business strategy term.

资料分散在不同的文件夹里，很难找。

The data is scattered in different folders, making it hard to find.

Information management context.

由于缺乏领导，队伍很快就分散了。

Due to a lack of leadership, the team quickly dispersed.

Cause and effect structure.

通过分散采购，我们可以获得更好的价格。

By diversifying/dispersing procurement, we can get better prices.

Procurement context.

后现代建筑往往追求空间的某种分散感。

Postmodern architecture often pursues a certain sense of spatial dispersion.

Aesthetic/Architectural critique.

权力的过度分散可能导致行政效率低下。

Excessive decentralization of power may lead to low administrative efficiency.

Political science context.

这种颗粒在液体中达到了均匀的分散状态。

These particles reached a state of uniform dispersion in the liquid.

Chemistry/Physics context.

互联网的分散性是其最大的优势之一。

The decentralized nature (dispersiveness) of the internet is one of its greatest strengths.

Using 分散性 (decentralization/dispersiveness) as a noun.

作者通过分散的叙事结构来表现角色的混乱。

The author uses a scattered narrative structure to represent the character's confusion.

Literary analysis.

这种社会结构的特点是利益的高度分散。

The characteristic of this social structure is the high dispersion of interests.

Sociological analysis.

在危机时刻，信息的真伪往往被分散的谣言掩盖。

In times of crisis, the truth or falsehood of information is often obscured by scattered rumors.

Abstract social commentary.

该算法优化了数据的分散存储，提高了安全性。

The algorithm optimized the decentralized storage of data, improving security.

Computer science/Blockchain context.

宇宙的熵增本质上是一种能量的无限分散过程。

The increase of entropy in the universe is essentially a process of infinite dispersion of energy.

Philosophical/Cosmological context.

他那分散的自我意识在冥想中逐渐凝聚。

His scattered self-consciousness gradually condensed during meditation.

Psychological/Spiritual depth.

这种地缘政治格局呈现出多极化与分散化的特征。

This geopolitical pattern presents characteristics of multi-polarization and decentralization.

High-level political analysis.

艺术家试图通过分散的笔触捕捉光影的瞬时性。

The artist attempts to capture the transience of light and shadow through scattered brushstrokes.

Art history/Technique description.

由于资本的全球化分散，国家主权面临新的挑战。

Due to the global dispersion of capital, national sovereignty faces new challenges.

Macroeconomic theory.

在数字化生存中，我们的身份被分散在无数个账号之后。

In digital existence, our identities are scattered behind countless accounts.

Modern philosophical critique.

该学说认为，真相并非集中于一处，而是分散于众人的见解中。

The theory holds that truth is not concentrated in one place but scattered among the opinions of the masses.

Epistemological discussion.

这种疾病的初期症状非常分散，难以在早期确诊。

The initial symptoms of this disease are very non-specific (scattered), making early diagnosis difficult.

Medical diagnostic context.

Häufige Kollokationen

分散注意力

分散风险

分散投资

分散经营

分散管理

精力分散

人群分散

资金分散

分散存储

分散居住

Häufige Phrasen

分散开来

— To spread out or move apart from each other.

我们分散开来寻找线索。

注意力分散

— To have a wandering attention span; to be distracted.

小孩子上课容易注意力分散。

权力分散

— The decentralization of power.

权力过度分散会导致决策缓慢。

分散安置

— To settle people in different separate locations.

政府将难民分散安置在各个城市。

分散作战

— To fight in scattered small groups rather than one large unit.

游击队的特点是分散作战。

分散布局

— A scattered or decentralized layout.

这间工厂采用了分散布局的设计。

分散采购

— Decentralized purchasing/procurement.

公司各部门实行分散采购。

分散招生

— Decentralized student recruitment.

今年大学将采取分散招生的方式。

分散负荷

— To distribute the load (e.g., electricity or work).

这种设计可以分散建筑的重量负荷。

分散处理

— Distributed processing (often in computing).

系统通过分散处理提高了运行速度。

Wird oft verwechselt mit

分散 vs 分开

分开 is a clean break (e.g., divorce); 分散 is a scattering in many directions.

分散 vs 分发

分发 is to hand out items (e.g., flyers); 分散 is the movement of things away from a center.

分散 vs 离散

离散 is more poetic/literary, often used for families separated by tragedy.

Redewendungen & Ausdrücke

"烟消云散"

— To vanish into thin air like smoke and clouds; to disappear completely.

误会终于烟消云散了。

Common

"魂飞魄散"

— To be scared out of one's wits; to be extremely frightened.

那个恐怖的场面吓得他魂飞魄散。

Literary/Common

"聚散匆匆"

— Meetings and partings happen in a hurry; life is full of quick reunions and separations.

人生聚散匆匆，我们要珍惜当下。

Literary

"妻离子散"

— A family is broken up and scattered (usually due to war or disaster).

战争让许多人妻离子散。

Formal

"披头散发"

— With hair disheveled and unkempt.

她披头散发地跑了出来。

Descriptive

"流离失散"

— To wander about and become separated from family.

他们在逃难中流离失散了。

Formal

"一盘散沙"

— Like a heap of loose sand; lacking unity or organization.

如果没有领导，这个团队就是一盘散沙。

Metaphorical

"散文随笔"

— Prose and informal essays (where 'sàn' implies a loose structure).

他喜欢写一些散文随笔。

Literary

"云消雾散"

— The clouds and mist vanish; a situation clears up.

雨后云消雾散，阳光灿烂。

Literary

"天女散花"

— The heavenly maiden scatters flowers; describing something beautiful falling from the sky.

雪花像天女散花一样落下。

Poetic

Leicht verwechselbar

分散 vs 疏散

Both involve people moving apart.

疏散 is specifically for emergency evacuation. 分散 is general dispersion.

火灾时要紧急疏散 (Evacuate during fire).

分散 vs 扩散

Both involve spreading.

扩散 is for expansion (gases, viruses). 分散 is for distribution/decentralization.

消息在网上扩散 (News spread on the web).

分散 vs 分布

Both describe where things are.

分布 is a static state (distribution). 分散 is an action or a lack of concentration.

森林分布在北方 (Forests are distributed in the north).

分散 vs 散布

Both involve 'scattering'.

散布 is often used for spreading rumors or seeds. 分散 is for moving things apart.

他在散布谣言 (He is spreading rumors).

分散 vs 分担

Both involve dividing something.

分担 is to share a burden or responsibility. 分散 is to scatter.

大家分担家务 (Everyone shares the chores).

Satzmuster

Subj. + 分散 + 了。

人群分散了。

Subj. + 分散 + 注意力。

手机分散我的注意力。

把 + Obj. + 分散 + 到 + Place。

把资金分散到不同项目。

为了 + Goal, Subj. + 分散 + Obj.

为了安全，我们分散了人群。

Subj. + 分散在 + Place + 的各个角落。

商店分散在城市的各个角落。

分散 + Noun + 的 + 策略/方法。

分散风险的方法。

由于 + Reason, Subj. + 呈现出 + 分散 + 的 + 状态。

由于战争，人口呈现出分散的状态。

Subj. + 的 + 核心 + 在于 + 权力的 + 分散。

民主的核心在于权力的分散。

Wortfamilie

Substantive

分散性 (dispersiveness/decentralization)

散客 (individual traveler)

散工 (odd-job worker)

Verben

散布 (to spread/disseminate)

散发 (to emit/distribute)

散会 (to adjourn a meeting)

Adjektive

零散 (scattered/fragmentary)

松散 (loose/slack)

闲散 (idle/leisurely)

Verwandt

分开

分布

散开

分配

分担

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So verwendest du es

frequency

Common in all registers.

Häufige Fehler

我们分散了 (meaning we broke up). → 我们分手了 / 我们分开了。
分散 implies a crowd scattering, not a relationship ending.
我很分散 (meaning I am distracted). → 我的注意力很分散。
In Chinese, you must specify that your *attention* is scattered.
分散书 (distribute books). → 分发书。
分散 means scattering;分发 means organized distribution to individuals.
分散步 (to take a walk). → 散步。
分散 is a verb for dispersion; 散步 is a specific term for strolling.
火灾时分散人群。 → 火灾时疏散人群。
Use 疏散 for emergency evacuations involving safety.

Tipps

The Knife and the Dandelion

Remember '分' is a knife dividing. '散' is like a dandelion blowing in the wind. First divide, then blow away!

Focus on Attention

The most common way you'll use this is '分散注意力'. Memorize this phrase as a single unit.

Risk Management

In any business context, use '分散风险' to show you understand diversification.

The 'Le' Particle

Use '分散了' to indicate the action of dispersing is complete (e.g., '人群分散了').

Tone Accuracy

Make sure 'sàn' is a sharp falling tone. If you make it flat, people might not understand.

Antonym Pairing

Always remember '分散' is the opposite of '集中'. If you learn them together, you'll remember both better.

Spatial Awareness

Use '分散' when describing things that are far apart on a map.

Formal Reports

In academic writing, '分散' is used to describe decentralized systems or distributed data.

News Keywords

When you hear 'fēnsàn' in the news, look for words like 'population', 'risk', or 'power'.

Crowd Control

If you are in a crowded place in China and need to tell people to spread out, '大家分散一点' is polite and clear.

Einprägen

Eselsbrücke

Think of 'fēn' as a knife cutting a cake, and 'sàn' as the crumbs scattering all over the table. You divide (fēn) then scatter (sàn).

Visuelle Assoziation

Imagine a dandelion being blown by the wind. The seeds are 'fēnsàn' in all directions.

Word Web

注意力 (Attention) 风险 (Risk) 人群 (Crowd) 投资 (Investment) 权力 (Power) 资金 (Funds) 管理 (Management) 布局 (Layout)

Herausforderung

Try to use 'fēnsàn' in a sentence about your daily routine, such as how your time is scattered between work and study.

Wortherkunft

The word is a compound of two ancient characters. '分' (fēn) shows a knife (刀) dividing something into two parts (八). '散' (sàn) originally depicted hands beating hemp to separate the fibers.

Ursprüngliche Bedeutung: To divide and separate fibers into a loose state.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

Kultureller Kontext

No specific sensitivities; however, in political contexts, 'power dispersion' can be a sensitive topic depending on the current administrative goals.

English speakers use 'distract' for attention, 'diversify' for money, and 'disperse' for crowds. Chinese uses 'fēnsàn' for all three, showing a more unified conceptual view of 'spreading out.'

The 'Decentralization' (分散化) trend in modern Chinese tech companies like Tencent and Alibaba. Historical 'Scattered Settlements' (分散聚落) discussed in Chinese geography. Classical poetry often uses '散' to describe falling petals or parting friends.

Im Alltag üben

Kontexte aus dem Alltag

Education

分散注意力
精力分散
分散学习
分散考试

Finance

分散投资
分散风险
分散资产
分散持股

Public Safety

分散人群
分散撤离
分散居住
分散安置

Management

分散管理
分散决策
分散经营
权力分散

Technology

分散存储
分散计算
分散网络
分散处理

Gesprächseinstiege

"你觉得分散投资真的能降低风险吗？ (Do you think diversifying investments really reduces risk?)"

"你在学习时如何避免注意力分散？ (How do you avoid getting distracted while studying?)"

"这个城市的商店是不是太分散了？ (Are the shops in this city too scattered?)"

"如果你有很多钱，你会分散投资在哪些领域？ (If you had a lot of money, which areas would you diversify your investments in?)"

"你喜欢在大城市集中居住，还是在乡村分散居住？ (Do you like living in a concentrated city or scattered in the countryside?)"

Tagebuch-Impulse

描述一次你的注意力被分散的经历，以及你是如何重新集中的。(Describe a time your attention was distracted and how you refocused.)

讨论分散风险在你的生活或工作中的重要性。(Discuss the importance of diversifying risk in your life or work.)

如果你是一个城市的规划者，你会如何分散市中心的交通压力？(If you were an urban planner, how would you disperse traffic pressure in the city center?)

反思一下，你的精力是否因为同时做太多事情而太分散了？(Reflect on whether your energy is too scattered because you are doing too many things at once.)

想象一个完全分散化的社会，那会是什么样子的？(Imagine a completely decentralized society; what would it look like?)

Häufig gestellte Fragen

10 Fragen

No. You should use '分手' (fēnshǒu) or '分开' (fēnkāi). '分散' implies scattering in many directions like a crowd.

It depends. In business ('diversifying risk'), it's positive. In education ('distracting attention'), it's negative.

You say '我的注意力被分散了' (My attention was dispersed) or '我分心了' (I am distracted).

Yes, in physics, '光的色散' (dispersion of light) is related, but you can say '光线分散了'.

'散开' is more informal and literal (physical spreading). '分散' is more formal and can be abstract (attention, risk).

It's better to say '分散投资' (diversify investments) or '分散资金' (disperse funds).

No, use '消散' (xiāosàn - to dissipate) or '扩散' (kuòsàn - to diffuse) for smells.

Yes, '分散居住' means family members live in different places.

It means 'decentralization of power,' where power is shared among many rather than one.

Yes, like in '分散的村庄' (scattered villages).

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