A2 · Elemental Capítulo 17

¡Cuéntalo todo! Domina el chisme y los detalles en inglés

2 Reglas totales
10 ejemplos
1 min
Reglas en este capítulo Práctica rápida

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of sharing information and describing people, places, and things with precision.

  • Convert direct statements into reported speech.
  • Identify the correct relative pronouns for different nouns.
  • Combine sentences to provide extra details fluently.
Share stories and describe your world with confidence.

Lo que aprenderás

¡Ya tienes una base sólida en inglés! Ahora vamos a darle mucho más sabor y fluidez a tus conversaciones. Imagina que estás tomando un café con un amigo y quieres contarle exactamente lo que tu jefe te dijo en la oficina, o que estás describiendo ese restaurante increíble donde sirven los mejores tacos de la ciudad. Para eso, en este capítulo aprenderás dos herramientas clave: el 'Reported Speech' y las 'Relative Clauses'. Primero, con el 'Reported Speech', aprenderás el arte de reportar lo que otros dicen. Descubrirás cómo cambian los tiempos verbales (como pasar del presente al pasado) para que tus historias suenen naturales y precisas. ¡Es la técnica perfecta para compartir noticias y anécdotas! Después, nos enfocaremos en las 'Relative Clauses'. ¿Te cansa usar frases cortas y robóticas? Con palabras como 'who', 'which', 'that' y 'where', aprenderás a unir ideas para dar información extra sin detenerte. En lugar de decir dos frases separadas, podrás decir: 'This is the person who helped me'. Al terminar estas lecciones, te sentirás mucho más capaz de describir el mundo a tu alrededor con lujo de detalle y de contar historias completas de forma coherente. ¡Es el empujón que necesitas para que tu inglés suene mucho más profesional y natural! ¿Empezamos?

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Retell a short story using reported speech and describe your favorite places using relative clauses.

Consejos y trucos (2)

💡

The 'That' Trap

You can drop the word 'that' in informal speech. 'He said he was tired' is just as correct as 'He said that he was tired'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said
💡

Keep it simple

Start by using 'who' for people and 'that' for things. Don't worry about 'which' yet.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Vocabulario clave (5)

Report to tell someone about an event Relative connecting two parts of a sentence Clause a part of a sentence containing a verb Pronoun a word like who or that replacing a noun Mention to speak about something briefly

Real-World Preview

users

Sharing News

Review Summary

  • Subject + said + (that) + [tense shifted clause]
  • Noun + who/which/that/where + clause

Errores comunes

We don't use an object (me) directly after 'said'. Use 'told me' or just 'said that'.

Wrong: He said me he is happy.
Correcto: He said that he was happy.

Do not repeat the subject (she). The relative pronoun 'who' acts as the subject.

Wrong: The girl who she is my friend.
Correcto: The girl who is my friend.

You don't need 'in it' because 'where' already includes the location.

Wrong: The city where I live in it.
Correcto: The city where I live.

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job today! Keep practicing these structures in your daily conversations.

Listen to a news clip and write down three things the reporter said.

Continue to: Pronouns, Determiners and Connectors

Práctica rápida (7)

Find the mistake.

Find and fix the mistake:

She told that she was tired.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: told
'Told' needs an object.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Choose the best option.

This is the restaurant ___ we ate.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: where
Use 'where' for places.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Fill in the correct backshifted verb.

He said he ___ (be) happy.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: was
Present simple backshifts to past simple.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Fill in the blank with who, that, or where.

The girl ___ is singing is my sister.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: who
Use 'who' for people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Choose the correct sentence.

Which sentence is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The car that I bought is red.
Use 'that' for things.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Select the correct reported question.

He asked where ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I was
Indirect questions use statement order.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Reported Speech: Saying What Someone Said

Find the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

The man which lives here is nice.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: which -> who
Use 'who' for people.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Relative Clauses: The Person Who, The Thing That, The Place Where

Score: /7

Preguntas frecuentes (4)

If the information is still true (e.g., 'He said he is a doctor'), you don't have to. But backshifting is always safe.
No, use 'told' instead. 'He told me' is correct; 'He said me' is not.
In very informal speech, yes, but 'who' is much better.
Use 'where' only for locations like cities, houses, or parks.
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